Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Table of Contents
Sn Contents
Foreword List of Abbreviation Suggested Steps for Preparing VAP for Water Security under NRDWP (I to vi)
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1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2. 1.4.3 2. 2.1 2.2 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 2.2.7 2.2.8 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Guidelines for Developing Village Water Security Plan Why Community Participation in Village Action Plan? Relevance of Community Participation by Using PRA Exercise The Purpose Operational Instructions on Interactions Before Interaction During Interaction After interaction Preparation and Tools Required with Methodology Tools Required During the Development of VAP in Village Methodology of the Social Survey Listing and Mapping Sample Procedure and Sample Size Tools and Techniques of Data Collection Desk Study Technical Study Training and Orientation Team Composition Activities Carried out During Piloting of VAP for Water Security Institutional Survey (Physical features of the village) Detail of Existing Water Sources Data Entry, Analysis and Interpretation Water Demand Assessment Analysis of Water Requirement Day Three: Community Meeting to Review and Select Options Report writing
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10. 11
Constraints Faced During Piloting Suggested Future Course of Action Annexure (Different formats)
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Suggested Steps for Preparing the Village Action Plans for Water Security under NRDWP
Ref : The methodology adopted in the recent PHED-UNICEF-IIHMR pilot VAPs for Tonk and Rajsamand districts.
S. N
1
Activity
Brief Particulars
Methodology
Remarks
Advance Preparation
Collect available secondary information/data /documents on similar type of study about the village Demographic data like population, number of households, Social composition of population and other details from latest census. GT sheets, Patwari Khasra map, village revenue data sheet, name and contact numbers of panchayat members, VWSC members (if existing), teacher(s) and other prominent persons from PanchayatSamiti/Panchayat,/Patw ari office. Existing water supply system, water quality reports, rainfall data, tanker supply details if any from PHED. Watershed management and other development details from the concern department. The agency having experience in water sector/village action plan, understand the social dynamics of the village and community participation concept with good analytical ability supported by a technical team. The workshop can be divided into two phase. In first phase that is morning sessions, Presentation on the NRDWP guidelines, steps to be followed in preparing the VAP, how to collect the water sample and to do water quality test and discussion on the questionnaire and check list on FGD. In the afternoon sessions (second phase) the participants can be divided into several groups for groups work in which they can be asked to collect preliminary information about the target villages, finalize social and technical survey formats, finalize Discussion with the Sarpanch of the village for general details, available maps with PHED/GSI/Patwari, village details available in the revenue record data base, village details as per other development programmes like SSA, TSC, Pulse Polio, Anganwadi,, RIFMP, NRDWQMS etc., preparation of indicative village map with above details, source/water body details from GWD/WRD/PHED/local inquiries. During the initial contact with Sarpanch and other PRIs members, one must try to develop good rapport with them. It will help in developing VAP in a smooth manner involving the community.
Core Activities
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Identify and appoint an agency (Good NGOs) who can carry out the above work with required sociotechnical input. Organize one day orientation workshop at district level on the concept of VAP as per NRDWP guidelines for the official of PHED, WRD, and PRIs of the district in the presence of ACE and District Collector if possible..
Workshop covering presentations by resource persons, group work with special reference to the target villages, in-depth interaction with the sarpanch concerned.
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the date of study, Each group will then present the finding. In the concluding sessions the participants is free to ask any questions/doubts related to VAP so that they can support the study team in a better way and be a part of the team.
Also refer the questionnaire and checklist from Step to Step methodology VAP documents attached in the annexure
NRDWP. Note down names, cell numbers of VWSC members, and other important people. Draw minutes of the meeting, write down initial options suggested by community, and get it signed by VWSC members and important persons. Promise them and give a tentative rd date for the next visit (i.e., 3 day) scheduled after 1-2 weeks. Request VWSC and community to continue the dialogue within the village and come out with their definite version on water options and village contribution. Take photographs of important locations, meetings, groups Locating all water sources like HPs, TWs, Baoris, anicut, nadi, river, RWH (if any) etc in the near vicinity which are in drinking water usage or can be used. Assessment of yield, seasonal variation, water quality Measurement of roof top of pacca houses in the village Village map survey of streets, levels, buildings, landmarks, water source location and level and GPS coordinates Correlate the house numbers and with the locations/landmarks social survey Testing of the samples at the site only Certain percentage of samples to be sent to PHED lab for confirmation Checking water quality of private tankers Support the social team in village level meeting disseminating information on NRDWP facilitates the community to express their options. Explain the role of community as envisaged in NRDWP as to selection of option, execution, O and M and augmentation. Take photographs of water sources and other locations Analyze the social survey data
- Setting up a temporary field water quality lab in the village (using field test kits) - Using theodolite / plane table or total station survey. - Using GPS equipment for recording the coordinates.
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Technical Team
and information Bring out inferences which may describe the village further wrt water and its use General indicators health, economic, education, social factors, water collection, role of men/women in water management etc Work out demand, gap, and different options for water security. Related health hazards from the data collected Summarize options expressed by community and communicate the VWSC. Intimate the VWSC members about the time and place for the rd 3 day meeting. The time should be such that most of the villagers are available for the meeting. Prepare village map in AutoCAD, get a copy ready for display on the third day Mark levels, locations, house numbers, GPS coordinates, water sources, natural streams, institutions and other landmarks Also print the water quality results with up-date on the map Printing some of the characteristic village photographs on the map shall make it more meaningful Work out tentative estimates and O & M cost with labour and material components for the options suggested by the nd community on the 2 day meeting. Also prepare a standard chart of sizes, designs, costs for various suitable capacities of RWH structures / GLRs / pipelines, pumping etc. Prepare a display water quality chart for the village with excessive parameters duly marked, get an enlarged copy ready for display rd on the 3 day village meeting
software preferably Statistical Package of Social Survey (SPSS) may be used for data analysis - Cross inferences may be drawn so that the community may understand their own village in a new perspective of water management (e.g., water collection Vs Caste )
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Technical Team
Before the village level meeting begins, have a consultation with the VWSC members Send a message across the village again for the meeting st In the meeting review the 1 and nd 2 day outcome, share the water quality report, consequences with community through the technical team, display the report and the village map, explain the map, review the earlier options suggested by the villagers, discuss their cost/feasibility and sustainability options. Motivate people to opt for community RWH, wherein socially coherent group of people can connect their rooftops to a common tanka. This will suit better than individual tanka as far as funding is concerned. When groups formed pin point locations for the tankas. Add more people to VWSC if community demands. Assign designation/duties to the VWSC members in their consultation. Explain what next, like bank account, role of VWSC and community Let everyone speak out, Especially women and try to reach a consensus on the acceptable, sustainable and affordable water option with help of the technical team. Inform them the tentative cost of the option agreed by them and cost/labour share per household agreed by the community. Explain the O&M cost after the execution of the work and share per household per month. Draw minutes and get the same signed. Collect remaining (left over) details, if any. Support the social team in the village level meeting as regards technical information, costing etc on the options discussed in the meeting. Support social team in explaining the water quality reports and the village map to the community.
For details please refer the Step by Step methodology of VAP at page 16 to 18
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associations could provide a strong framework for community participation. Prominent women from the habitation should be represented in the Village Water & Sanitation Committees. h) While planning for drinking water security by the community it is important that the National Rural Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance Programme is integrated into this plan to ensure drinking water quality standards. i) To understand the water and sanitation disease burden, its remedial measures of National Rural Health Mission should be under taken. j) For the community to function as an organization it is important to make Village Water and Sanitation Committee (whose members should be s/elected in Gram Sabha) fully functional and effective VWSC should be made a standing committee of the Gram Panchayat. k) Village Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC) can out-source the development of water supply scheme to the agency of its own choice after consultation with the community preferably at Gram Sabha. This would enable the community to obtain a higher quality of service and minimize capital and maintenance cost, through competitive selection of service providers among existing public and private agencies and other organizations. l) Gram Panchayats or its Sub-committee i.e. Village Water & Sanitation Committee (VWSC) is fully responsible for planning, implementation, management, operation and maintenance of the rural water supply systems. m) Village level planning including water budgeting is the key factor in ensuring optimum utilization of water. n) Appropriate institutional support is required to facilitate the process of preparation of Village Action Plan (VAP), which is to be prepared with the full involvement of village community with the help of NGOs. o) Village Action Plan will be prepared, which inter alia will include the demographic, physical features, water sources, and other details of the village; available drinking water infrastructure and gaps; proposed work to augment the existing infrastructure and water sources; funding by dovetailing various funds available at village level and requirement of funds from rural water supply programmes. p) The VAP will also have details of management, operation and maintenance of the systems and sources. q) Based on all the VAPs of the districts, the District Water Security Plan will be prepared.
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r) Under the District Water Security Plan, all in-village work will be carried out by the Gram Panchayat or its sub-committee i.e. VWSC whereas bulk water transfer, treatment of water, inter-village distribution, water grid, etc. will be handled by the State Government and or its agencies/ public utilities. s) The District Water Security Plan will be implemented and funds from different sources/ rural water supply programmes will be dovetailed and NRWSP funds will also be utilized. t) The funds available under NRWSP (Sustainability) Swajaldhara component will be used for funding of Village Action Plans for in-village infrastructure. u) Other NRWSP funds viz. coverage, water quality, DDP Areas, etc. can be used for bulk water transfer, treatment plants, distribution network in addition to in-village water supply infrastructure and augmentation of drinking water source
1.1.
Community Participation is a process in which poor and marginalized are motivated to come together as a collective and form a common unit or organization (Village Water and sanitation committee VWSC) to mainstream the society and prepare Village Action Plan-Water security for all.
1.2.
The importance of community participation by using PRA exercise challenges the prevalent notion amongst development administrators and professionals that the rural poor are ignorant. Secondly, it encourages participation in the analysis of water problems and the formulation of possible solutions by rural communities themselves. This is an essential requirement for successful planning, particularly in the context of Village Action Plan-Water security for all.
1.3.
The Purpose
To create space for the deprived communities and to assert themselves through joint action and initiatives in preparing the VAP
Enhance confidence level of the community Bringing attitudinal change Increasing self awareness as well as the awareness of the community
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Active partners in processes of planning, implementation and management of the water supply system.
Be empowered enough to come out of dependency syndrome on PHED Increasing efficiency and enhanced effectiveness Better capacity to manage and negotiate (operation and maintenances) Better targeting of benefits to the poorest, SC/ST and the socially marginalized groups. Help to secure sustainability Improving the status of women Cost effectiveness Sustained the change and the need for accurate and timely information It advocates that the people themselves are "Solution Agents" for their problems Reduces down the normal time {consuming long methods of survey which consumes the much needed resources and that gives results after a long time.- The method is cost effective, accurate and timely
1.4.
The following suggestions would be helpful to ensure a conducive environment for participatory learning. The suggestions contain actions required before, during and after the interaction with village community.
1.4.1
Before Interaction
Meet the people with an open and frank mind. Tell them who you are and why you have come here. Build up personal rapport with people. Identify persons who are willing to share their experiences Show full interest and enthusiasm. Always begin the interview by relaxing the tension of the respondents by asking general questions and setting the climate for discussion. . Select a suitable place for the interview. Sit down with the people on the same floor.
1.4.2
During Interaction
Listen carefully Show empathy
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Be patient Intense and careful observation is most important Do not interpret, suggest or prescribe Be polite, gentle and accommodative Try to adjust with people's convenience Head nodding during interview either in approval or in disapproval should be avoided as much as possible. Try to follow existing social customs of the village, e.g. remove shoes at the doorstep before entering the house, avoid smoking in front of the elders, and wish the elderly persons with Namaskar (Folded Hands). Do not insist too much upon the women members of the family who are reluctant to talk directly or sit in middle of a gathering. They generally participate in discussions through male members sitting in the foreground.
Participate whole heartedly. Accept villagers offer of hospitality. There is no point in getting impatient or becoming too much inquisitive when the villagers discuss amongst themselves in their own local language which we may not understand easily. Other villagers who know our language would love to translate it for us. Lead towards sensitive and important issues using open ended questions.
Allow time for reflection and organisation of the answers to the group Take detail note of the answers and on the process of discussion and information generation. Quick sketch of subject under study or innovation of the villagers may be drawn. Individuals try to dominate the discussion should be prevented carefully. Intervene politely, comeback to the original discussion and provide opportunities to everyone. Do not prolong the focus group discussion unnecessarily. Revolve the discussions around the main issue without blocking spontaneity. Change of topic should be smooth Use Kiplings seven servants: What, When, Where, Which, Who, Why, How to rephrase questions. During the course of interview the interviewer should not move out without intimating the group formally.
1.4.3
After Interaction
At the end of the interview/discussion all the persons must be thanked individually by the members of interviewing group for giving time and sharing their experiences. Sit down with all the members and record all the informations collected and the process of information generations.
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2.1
g) Local surface and ground water sources, usages, yield and reliability. h) Field Testing Kit (FTK) for testing water quality parameters of various water sources i) Guidance note for how to develop the village action plan with all the required information on process, technological design and estimates. j) Chart papers, pen ,pencils, erasers, scale, staplers, calculator etc
2.2
Methodology of the study plays a major role in designing any social survey which can be used for planning in a scientific manner. Following strategy was followed while doing the village action planwater security for all as per the new guidelines.
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Household Questionnaire to know the people perception on the quantity, quality and access to
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water to find out the gap between availability and requirements as per the norms of RGDWM.
FGD with women and Males Computer based data processing in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS)
qualitative
information
into
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Social Team
Five or more numbers of trained field investigator (both males and females) depending upon the numbers of households in the village for two days in a village.
One Supervisor and one PRA expert for doing FGD and community meeting.
Technical Team
One surveyor One technical resource person One chemist Village/Panchayat facilitator working for NRDWQM&SP (If found). However the person was not found during piloting.
The above team worked in the supervision of the water expert of NGOs at the village level.
2.2.8 Activities Carried out During Piloting of VAP for Water Security
Total duration for the village led activities was of three days.
Day One and Day Two: On the first two days following information were collected with complete
participation of the community: Physical features of the village including listing and mapping involving villagers Demographic profile of the village which includes: Population and number of households Population characteristics (education, caste, religion etc) of the villagers Village segmentation Existing status of the water sources/usages/quality Assessment of PHED supplied water tankers and private tankers procured by the villagers, if applicable Key informant interview Household survey (Including 100 percent roof top measurement) Focus group discussion Community meeting
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How This information has been collected by an investigator along with supervisor by visiting various institutions available in the village and by interacting with head of the institution. The investigator informed all institutional heads about his/her purpose of visit and also extended invitation for village level community meeting on the second day. The venue and time was also informed. The facilitator also revisited PRI members and enquire about the VWSC, if VWSC was found functional, then s/he recorded the names of the members with designations and visited few members to ascertain the effectiveness of the VWSC (though in none of the surveyed village VWSC was exist). If VWSC was not formed then, s/he requested PRIs to form it in village meeting. The facilitator informed the importance and roles and responsibility of the VWSC in water supply schemes. Who The information was collected by one investigator along with supervisor and was recorded in the relevant format of the village action plan. When As stated earlier the above mentioned were carried out during first and second day of the survey.
In household survey following major points have been covered. For details please refer questionnaire in annexure. Household size Cattle population Caste and religion and economic status Main source of water (drinking and other) Accessibility to water source
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Person responsible for water collection Measurement of roof top area Water storage capacity in each household Water collection points Water availability, water demand and water gap assessment for individual household and probable solutions as per the perception of the individuals Details of existing water sources Willingness to participate and financial contribution for the capital cost as well for operation and maintenance
Technical Survey
Locating all water sources like hand pumps, tube wells, open wells, Baoris, anicut, nadi, river, RWH (if any) etc in the near vicinity (within or close to the village) which were found in drinking water usage or can be used in future. Assessment of yield, seasonal variation and water quality Village map survey covering streets, levels, buildings, landmarks, water source location, level and GPS coordinates Correlate the house numbers and locations/landmarks with the social survey Testing of the water samples at the site only and finding the chemical like PH, Hardness, Chloride, Turbidity, TDS and bacteriological factors Certain percentage samples were sent to PHED lab for cross check and re-confirmation of the test results. Checking water quality of private tankers (water import from outside source of the village)
How This village level information has been collected from Panchayat Secretary and Sarpanch as per the record available and from the key informants as well. The team of NGO facilitator used this opportunity for introducing themselves to PRIs and informing them about there purpose of visit with schedule and requested PRIs for extending their support for conducting the various activities in next three days. The facilitator discussed the process with PRIs and fixed a suitable time and venue for the community meeting on second and third day.
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The household survey as per the stratified random sampling has been done by the investigators. (details of which is mentioned above) Who The information have been collected and recorded in the relevant format of the village action plan by the investigators. The quality of the information was cross checked by the supervisor and water expert of NGOs.
What This was carried out to list the various water sources available in the village to ascertain their present status with respect to functionalities, water quality and quantity. The information was collected by the NGO facilitator and technical agency/resource person jointly. They were taking help from the
village/Panchayat facilitator working for NRDWQM&S, hand pump mechanic of Panchayat and technical resource person if exists. The information from each source was marked on the Topo sheets. A sanitary survey of each source was also carried out. How The facilitator prepared a list of all the existing water sources (functional, non functional, traditional sources used previously, agricultural sources etc). Along with technical expert/ surveyor team, he visited each water source and performed following tasks. Who This information was collected by NGO facilitator with the help of the sarpanch / village mistry/ patwari / key informant etc. The purpose of NRDWP was explained in the village level meeting. Photographs were taken. Contributions agreed was noted and the minutes of the village level meeting were drawn When Interacted with the community available near by the water source to ascertain the effectiveness and use of water source, mostly in case of traditional sources. With the help of Village facilitator and field test kit (FTK), water testing was done and parameters were recorded. Water availability per day was calculated by taking help of technical expert and community perception. The facilitator allotted a unique identification number to each water source and informed these identification numbers to other facilitators who have done the household survey.
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The above mentioned activities were carried out during first and second day. Community and VWSC was requested to continue the dialogue till the teams come again for the third day meeting after about 2-3 weeks.
Between second and third day of the survey all the collected data (quantitative as well as qualitative) was processed. Following steps were taken, (i) Editing of the collected data Collected social data was edited and scrutinized by the supervisor of the team to ensure the quality of the raw data. (ii) Data entry The edited data was entered in special designed CSPro software by the data entry operators (iii) Data Cleaning Entered data was again cleaned by the team members of the IIHMR to maintain the quality of the data (iv) Data analysis Data was transferred to SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) and analysed to achieve the desired results. Frequency tables and bi-variate analysis were carried out and the results of the same were presented in contingency tables. To observe significant statistical association between two variables Chi-square test was applied. (v) Data interpretation As stated earlier the results of the analysed data were presented in the contingency tables. Besides, pie diagram and bar chart were also used to present the results. (vi) Population projection In addition to the above mentioned a population projection for each and every village considered for this piloting was also carried out. The same was done for the next fifteen years, which will help the policy makers to assess the maximum demand of water for the entire village including human and cattle. The formula used in this projection was exponential rate of growth and denoted by, P t2 = P tl ert (i) where, P t2 is the size of population at time t 2
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P tl is the size of population at time t l r is the exponential rate of growth at which the population is increasing between the time periods t and t 2 ; and t = t 2 - t l = the time interval between P t1 and P t2 From (i) we get, P t2 / P t1 = ert So, log e P t2 / P t1 = rt log e e = rt So, rt = (log e * P t2 / P t1 ) => r = (log e * P t2 / P t1 ) / t Therefore, P 2024 = P 2009 * er * 15 P 2024 = (Projected population)
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What The water demand of each and every household of a particular village was collected by the trained investigator of the social team during first and second day of the survey. In addition the list of the individual preferences for a sustainable solution to achieve water security at household level was also collected during the survey. How This information was collected by the team members of IIHMR. The members were found visited each and every household and collected information pertaining to water demand and its plausible solution. The facilitators was also informed each house hold about the community meeting and its time and venue. Who The information was collected by NGO team members. When Information with regard to water demand, gap and individual preferences were collected during first and second day of the survey. The facilitator was updated the community about the various technological options, their
At the end of day two, all the facilitators were sitting together and compile the information. The village action plan template was completed, and the following analysis was conducted between second and third day meeting.
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The purpose of this analysis was to identify the present situation, water demand and gap, with probable solutions as offered by the community. This information was put on a large chart by the facilitators and was shared with the community during the village meeting on day three. a) Total number of households in the village as per survey b) Total number of households which did not have water security for drinking water in a year. What is the gap (For how much days the water security was not available)? And if the house was found pucca, the area of roof in square meter. c) Total number of households which did not have water security for other purposes in a year. What was the gap (For how much days the water security was not available)? d) Total number of water sources available in the village as per survey e) Number of functional water sources available in the village as per survey f) Number of non functional water sources available in the village as per survey
g) How many of the non functional sources can be repaired/rejuvenated h) Number of water sources failed in water quality parameter and can not be used for drinking. Individual water source was analysed. i) Number of traditional water sources available in the village , how many out of them were presently being used , for which purpose, how many out of them were not being used but can be revived, what was the quality of water? j) Total number of institutions and their individual pucca area
k) Water availability for complete village combined (Drinking and other purposes) as well as separate (Drinking and other purposes) and gap as per the survey l) Probable solutions as offered by the community in percentage and as per priority.
m) Topography sheet showing habitations, streets, position of existing water sources and slopes was also prepared. This will help community in selecting options. Geological and ground water level data should be available with facilitators for informing communities regarding feasibility of option with regard to source sustainability.
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On third day, a village meeting was organized and participatory technique was used for facilitating communities in developing the village action plan. The sequence or steps are being provided below; Respective VWSC members, PRI members and the PHED personnel were contacted well in advance and informed about the meeting Venue and timing of the meeting was also decided earlier If VWSC was not functional or did not exist, or not formed in 2nd day of meeting then facilitator as per the guidelines facilitated community in formation of VWSC and informed the roles and responsibility of VWSC to the community. Identified problems with the help of analysed data was mentioned to the villagers in the meeting Detail discussion with regard to the water problem was carried out during the meeting The facilitator shared the information regarding analysis of water requirement (availability of water, its quality, gaps and future requirements for next 15 years). With the help of trend analysis matrix, the facilitator entered into the dialogue with community so that community could understand the reasons of present situation. The facilitator (PRA expert) selected the discussion points as per the condition of village. The facilitator listed out the probable solutions as offered by community with total estimate and their contributions (during piloting villagers agreed to contribute 10 to 30 percent on the water supply schemes and also agreed for operation and maintenances of the same) with detail plan and sketch in village plan as per the priority. Facilitator explained the technical and financial details for all the options selected by community (Source sustainability, feasibility of the option, geological conditions, capital cost, O&M cost per year, rain water harvesting capital cost and management cost at institutional and individual level, differential use of water etc) to the community and VWSC. Based on the discussions the VWSC finalised the options at village and individual level. The finalised options were listed out by the facilitator with details of capital, management and O&M cost and their mechanism. The rules for equitable distribution of water to every individual in the village was framed and discussed.
The community and VWSC finalised the mechanism of management and O&M of the source and schemes and equitable distribution of water and was found agreed to share the
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responsibility. The rules formed/mechanism developed was a part of village level action
part.
Facilitator then informed the following in the third day village meeting
He informed about the salient features of NRDWP and informed community that Government is committed for providing water security to each house hold for entire year. Government is committed for good quality water for drinking and inferior quality of water for other uses and ready for installing schemes as per community aspiration. All village level work will be carried out by the Gram Panchayat or its sub-committee i.e. VWSC. VWSC have to open a joint account of three persons in which one should be female. The mechanism of management, operation and maintenance of the schemes and sources by VWSC and community and mechanisms for equitable water distribution should be prepared and followed
Minutes of the meeting was drawn there itself and the agreement on Village Action Plan was approved by VWSC.
Report writing
As stated earlier, the data was analyzed in Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS). Further, the results were mainly described through contingency tables. Besides, bar chart and pie diagram were also given as per the need. Univariate and bi-variate analysis were carried out to obtain the desired results. Chi-square tests were applied to observe the association between two variables. Besides, the report of the particular village, a separate common report covering all the villages was prepared. The common report comprises, different technical designs and cost estimates. During report writing following chapters have been written to provide important findings of the village.
Executive Summary Background Objectives Methodology of the social survey Listing and mapping Sample procedure and sample size Tools and techniques of data collection Desk study Technical study Training and orientation
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Background of the village and its profile Major findings of the village survey, household survey and FGDs Findings from village level survey Findings from household level survey Demographic profile Social characteristics of the villagers Sources of drinking water Sex wise distribution with regard to collection of water Type of houses Distribution of households according to cattle population Total daily demand of water for drinking and cooking Total daily shortage (gap) of water for drinking and cooking in peak period Total daily demand of water for other uses of human and cattle Total daily shortage (gap) of water for other uses of human and cattle in peak period Total daily shortage (gap) of water in peak period Population projection Existing water source, water availability and water demand Existing water supply and assessment of sources Sanitation status of the water sources Present and projected water demand sources Present water demand and supply Projected water demand Suggested option and combinations Proposed water supply for water security Operation and Maintenance Cost Operation and Maintenance Schedule Outcome of the community meeting Formation of village water and sanitation committee Village water and sanitation committee Role of village water and sanitation committee Role of women Drawing and village map
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In addition it was also a hard task to mobilize all them to attend the meeting for the preparation of VAP People of Hathungarh were not ready to contribute any share for the implementation of VAP, as they were found really poor and most of the males were found migrated for their livelihoods. More involvement of PHED local officials was found required during piloting. More time was required to change the behaviour of the people pertaining to source of water (ground to rain water harvesting)
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ANNEXURE
Village Questionnaire Sanitary Inspection Forms Household Questionnaire Format for Village Action Plan
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