Form 5 Chapter 3: Transformations III

Determining the image of an object under combination of two isometric transformations

Transformation A Transformation B

Diagram P

Diagram Q

Diagram R

Transformation BA

y
6 4 2 6 4 2 O 2 4 6 2 4 P

Example

x
6

Transformation A = translation Transformation B = translation

Determine the image of the triangle P under the combined transformation BA.

y
6 4 2 6 4 2 O 2 I 4 6 2 4 P P P

Solution:

Example

Transformation A = translation

x
6

Transformation B = translation

The image of the triangle P under the combined transformation BA is the triangle I.

Determining the image of an object under combination of two enlargements

y
6 4 2 6 4 2 O 2 4 6 P

E = enlargement at V(1, 7) with a scale factor of 2 F = enlargement at W(3, 7) with a scale factor of 2 Determine the image of the rectangle P under the combined transformation FE.

x
2 4 6

Determining the image of an object under combination of two enlargements

y

Solution:

V
6 4 2 6 4 2 O 2 4 6 2 P P

E = enlargement at V(1, 7) with a scale factor of 2 F = enlargement at W(3, 7) with a

x
4 6

scale factor of 1

The image of the rectangle P under the combined transformation FE is the rectangle I.

Determine the image of an object under combination of an enlargement and an isometric transformation
y
6 4 2 6 4 2 O 2 4 6 P

E = enlargement at V(1, 7) with a scale factor of 2 H = reflection in the line x = 0

x

Determine the image of the rectangle P under the combined transformation EH.

Solution:

Determine the image of an object under combination of an enlargement and an isometric transformation
y

V
6 P II 4 2 P

E = enlargement at V(1, 7) with a scale factor of 2 H = reflection in the line x = 0

x

6 4 2 O 2 4 6

The image of the rectangle P under the combined transformation EH is the rectangle II.

Drawing the image for combination of two transformations

y
6 4 Q 2 6 4 2 2 4 6 O 2 R P

A = reflection in the line y = 1 B = rotation through 90 clockwise about (1, 2)

x

Draw the image of the triangle PQR under the combined transformation BA.

Solution:

Drawing the image for combination of two transformations

y
6 4 Q 2 6 4 2 2 R 4 P 6 Q O 2 R Q R P

A = reflection in the line y = 1 B = rotation through 90 clockwise about (1, 2)

y=1
x

Stating the coordinates of the image under combined transformation

Step 1: Determine the coordinates of M' image of M, under the first transformation B.

Step 2: Determine the coordinates of M'' image of M', under the second transformation A.

Summary I:
Point M (x, y) Translation = Image: M' = (x + h, y + k) Image: M' = (x, y)

Point M (x, y)

Reflection = x-axis

Point M (x, y)

Reflection = y-axis

Image: M' = (x, y)

Summary II:
Rotation: Point M (x, y)

rotation through 90 clockwise at the origin

Image:
M' = (y, x)

Rotation: Point M (x, y)

rotation through 90 anticlockwise at the origin

Image:
M' = ( y, x)

Summary III:
Rotation: rotation 180 at the origin

Image:
M' = (x, y)

Point M (x, y)

Enlargement: Point M (x, y)

enlargement at the origin with a scale factor of k

Image:
M' = (kx, ky)

Stating the coordinates of the image under combined transformation AB

y
6 4 P 2 M (6, 4)

A = reflection in the line y = 1 B = rotation through 90 anticlockwise at the origin

x
6

6 4 2 2 4 6

State the coordinates of the image of point M under the combined transformation AB.

Solution:

Stating the coordinates of the image under combined transformation AB

y
6 M' (4, 6) 4 P 2

Step 1:

Transformation B:
M (6, 4)

Rotation through 90 anticlockwise at the origin

x
6

6 4 2 2 4 6

Point M (6, 4) Image: M' = (4, 6)

Solution:

Stating the coordinates of the image under combined transformation AB

y
6 M' (4, 6) 4
P

Step 2:

Transformation A:
M (6, 4)

y=1

Reflection in the line y=1

x

6 4 2 2 4 M'' (4, 4) 6

Point M' (4, 6) Image: M'' = (4, 4) The image of M under combined transformation AB = M'' = (4, 4)

Solution:

Specifying the equivalent of a combination of two isometric = a rotation of 180 about the centre (2, 3) II transformations
y

I = Translation
6

4 2

P P
x
2 4 6

P'
6 4 2 2

P'

P''

II

4 6

P''

Single transformation Z

Single transformation Z = a rotation of 180 about the origin