A Matlab/Octave Simulation Workbench for Multi-Antenna Software Defined Radio

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang Electronic System Design and RaMSiS Department of Electronic, Software and Computer Systems (ECS) School of ICT KTH - Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden

Outline

Background & Motivation System Model File Structure Case Study A newer version Future work

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

Outline

Background & Motivation System Model File Structure Case Study A newer version Future work

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

Background & Motivation

What do we have... A multitude of wireless and wireline standards: GSM 900/1800/1900/GPRS/EDGE, WLAN a/b/g/n, WCDMA HSPA/B3G, WiMax fixed wireless/mobile, 4G, VDSL2, Bluetooth2, RFID, UWB, etc Wireless channel fading, co-channel and adjacent channel interference, path loss etc Wireline channel near and far end cross-talk, path loss etc

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

Background & Motivation

What do we have... A multitude of wireless and wireline standards: GSM 900/1800/1900/GPRS/EDGE, WLAN a/b/g/n, WCDMA HSDPA/B3G, WiMax fixed wireless/mobile, 4G, VDSL2, Bluetooth2, RFID, UWB, etc Wireless channel fading, co-channel and adjacent channel interference, path loss etc Wireline channel near and far end cross-talk, path loss etc What do we want... Compatible and reconfigurable systems Adaptive systems, depending on channel conditions, customer requirements etc
Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 5

Background & Motivation

What do we have... A multitude of wireless and wireline standards: GSM 900/1800/1900/GPRS/EDGE, WLAN a/b/g/n, WCDMA HSDPA/B3G, WiMax fixed wireless/mobile, 4G, VDSL2, Bluetooth2, RFID, UWB, etc Wireless channel fading, co-channel and adjacent channel interference, path loss etc Wireline channel near and far end cross-talk, path loss etc What do we want... Compatible and reconfigurable systems Adaptive systems, depending on channel conditions, customer requirements ***** Software Defined Radio SDR *****
Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 6

Background & Motivation

A reconfigurable adaptive system

TX

preambler

RX

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

Background & Motivation

A reconfigurable adaptive system

TX

RX Est H

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

Background & Motivation

A reconfigurable adaptive system

TX

RX

feedback

Adaptive System

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

Background & Motivation

A reconfigurable adaptive system

TX

data

RX

Adjust rate/power with feedback CSI

CSI: Channel State Information

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 10

Outline

Background & Motivation System Model File Structure Case Study A newer version Future work

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

11

System Model
Goals:
Make a reconfigurable workbench that supports different standards and algorithms Adaptive systems that maximize data rate under a certain target BER Monte-Carlo simulation to get average results
loop over different SNR points loop over a large number of channel realizations random source data bits

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

12

System Model
Solution:
Split functionality into generic function blocks

Module blocks Sub-Module blocks

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

13

System Model
Control flow for Monte-Carlo Simulation
Transmit & receive data, log the information, such as: source data bits, received bits, etc.

Setup

done?

No

Run Wrapup

Yes
System Setup: prepare the parameters

Wraup and calculate the results, e.g. BER, SNR, throughput, etc

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

14

System Model
Modules
SOURCE: Generate data bits or extract data bits from pictures, videos, audio files etc. TX: Preprocess the signal and prepare for transmission. CH: Generate channel and calculate the received signal. RX: Postprocess the signal and detect the transmitted bits. Reconstruct the pictures, videos, audio files etc. SINK: Compute and show simulation results, in table format and/or graphically.

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

15

System Model
Sub-Modules TX/RX
Bit Processing Unit (BPU_T/R), e.g. encoder, interleaver. Symbol Processing Unit (SPU_T/R), e.g. modulator, precoder. Digital Radio Unit (DRU_T/R), e.g. FFT, interpolation, DAC. Analog Radio Unit (ARU_T/R), e.g. IF2RF, PA, filtering Estimation and Adaptation Unit (EAU_T/R), e.g. channel estimation, adaptive power allocation , bit-loading

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

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System Model
Sub-Modules CH Forward channel (FCH) Reverse channel (RCH) Generate channel (GCH) Estimate channel (ECH)

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

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System Model
Models
Called by Modules/Sub-modules to perform the basic signal processing. Includes a default parameter file. Common interface
[outData, model_d, model_s] = model (phase, model_d, model_s, inData)

Generic parameters
stored in the corresponding .ini file:
% Generating polynomial polynomial=[1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1] % Frame counter frameCounter = [0,1,0,0]
Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 18

scrambler.ini

Outline

Background & Motivation System Model File Structure Case Study A newer version Future work

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

19

File Structure

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

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Current status
First alpha release available (1.0alpha1) Implemented standards: 802.11a,b,g,n Ongoing: GSM, VDSL2, WiMAX, RFID Planned: WCDMA, TDD-CDMA, DVBT/H/RCT, Bluetooth2, 4G PC/*NIX+Matlab/Octave: least common denominator, coding rules, templates Licence: GNU General Public License version 2 or later: TBD
Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 21

Outline

Background & Motivation System Model File Structure Case Study A newer version Future work

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

22

Case Study

MIMO-OFDM to maximize data rate under target BER.

4x4 SVD,WF,STBC (GSTBC),BF 64 subcarriers with 48 used, 4 pilots and 12 zero carriers Adaptive modulation using M-QAM with M={0,2,4,16,64} Deterministic spatial-temporal channel model [1] Target BER 0.1%

[1] Jinliang Huang A Matlab/Octave Simulation Environment for SDR with application to OFDM and MIMO, Master thesis, IMIT/LECS, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, 2005.
Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 23

Case Study

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

24

Case Study

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

25

Outline

Background & Motivation System Model File Structure Case Study A newer version of SDR_WB Future work

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

26

A newer version
Old workbench...

One scenario is simulated: Adaptive systems with full Channel State Information (CSI) at TX Full CSIT is used to maximize the data rate Only Rayleigh fading channel is considered Data length is fixed

New one...

Two scenarios are simulated: Non-adaptive systems& Adaptive systems Adaptive systems may have partial or full CSIT Adaptive systems can minimize BER or maximize data rate Both Rayleigh and Ricean fading are included Data length is flexible

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

27

A newer version
Old workbench...

One scenario is simulated: Adaptive systems with full Channel State Information (CSI) at TX Full CSIT is used to maximize the data rate Only Rayleigh fading channel is considered Data length is fixed

New workbench...

Two scenarios are simulated: Non-adaptive systems& Adaptive systems Adaptive systems may have partial or full CSIT Adaptive systems can minimize BER or maximize data rate Both Rayleigh and Ricean fading are included Data length is flexible

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

28

A newer version
Old workbench...

One scenario is simulated: Adaptive systems with full Channel State Information (CSI) at TX Full CSIT is used to maximize the data rate Only Rayleigh fading channel is considered Data length is fixed

New workbench...

Two scenarios are simulated: Non-adaptive systems& Adaptive systems Adaptive systems may have partial or full CSIT Adaptive systems can minimize BER or maximize data rate Both Rayleigh and Ricean fading are included Data length is flexible

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

29

A newer version
Old workbench...

One scenario is simulated: Adaptive systems with full Channel State Information (CSI) at TX Full CSIT is used to maximize the data rate Only Rayleigh fading channel is considered Data length is fixed

New workbench...

Two scenarios are simulated: Non-adaptive systems& Adaptive systems Adaptive systems may have partial or full CSIT Adaptive systems can minimize BER or maximize data rate Both Rayleigh and Ricean fading are included Data length is flexible

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

30

A newer version
Old workbench...

One scenario is simulated: Adaptive systems with full Channel State Information (CSI) at TX Full CSIT is used to maximize the data rate Only Rayleigh fading channel is considered Data length is fixed

New workbench...

Two scenarios are simulated: Non-adaptive systems& Adaptive systems Adaptive systems may have partial or full CSIT Adaptive systems can minimize BER or maximize data rate Both Rayleigh and Ricean fading are included Data length is flexible

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

31

Scenario_Blind
Scenarios for non-adaptive systems
Block 1 Block 2 CH Estimation Data Transmission CH

NOTE Delay: if the RX used outdated CSI to detect the signal

No DELAY

CH Estimation

Data Transmission

Block1

DELAY

CH Estimation

Data Transmission

CH

chestimation_time

block_length

H(1)
channel_duration

H(2)

channel_duration = block_length + chestimation_time ?

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 32

Scenario_CSI
Scenarios for adaptive systems
No DELAY NOTE F: feedback CSI

CH Estimation

Data Transmission

CH Estimation

Data Transmission

CH

block_length DELAY
CH Estimation F Data Transmission CH

chestimation_time feedback_delay

H(1)
channel_duration

H(2)

channel_duration = block_length + chestimation_time... +feedback_delay ?

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 33

Data structures
Data to be transmitted at one time is a block Inside a block, data is packed into frames
Data Block transmitted at time n+1

Data Block transmitted at time n

Frame 1

Frame 2

Frame 1

Frame 2

frame_length

block_length

block_length = frame_length x nr_frame

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

34

Outline

Background & Motivation System Model File Structure Case Study A newer version Future work

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

35

Future work
Implement more algorithms and more standards VBLAST, GSM, WCDMA, WiMAX, DVB-T/H/RCT, VDSL2, RFID, 4G Add more channel models, e.g. 802.11 reference channel model Use preambler data and pilots for channel estimation Add link layer functionality -> real applications Hardware implementation of BB functions in FPGAs etc!
Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang KTH/ICT/ECS 36

Thank you for your attention!! Questions?

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

KTH/ICT/ECS

37