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ENGLISH AND PORTUGUESE WORD STRESS

ACENTUAO TNICA DE PALAVRAS


Just as stressed syllables in poetry reveal the metrical structure of the verse, phonological stress patterns relate to the metrical structure of a language. (Victoria Fromkin, 239) Acentuao tnica uma parte importante da pronncia. Alguns idiomas so marcadamente caracterizados pela acentuao tnica predominante das palavras. o caso, por exemplo, do francs, no qual uma forte maioria de palavras oxtona (lal, lalal, lalalal, lalal, ...). Do ponto de vista daquele que fala portugus como lngua me, cujas palavras so predominantemente paroxtonas (cerca de 70%) e muitas das que no so tm sinalizao ortogrfica indicativa, a acentuao tnica do ingls representa um srio problema, devido ao nmero maior de possibilidades, no ocorrncia de um modelo de acentuao tnica predominante e ausncia de sinalizao ortogrfica. Veja os exemplos abaixo: Word stress is an important part of pronunciation. Some languages are heavily characterized by the way words are normally stressed. This the case of French, where a very large majority of words are stressed on the last syllable (lal, lalal, lalalal, lalal, ...).

From the standpoint of the native speaker of Portuguese, whose words are predominantly (around 70%) paroxytone (stress on the syllable before the last), English word stress poses a problem because of the larger number of possibilities, the nonoccurrence of one predominant pattern, and the absence of indication in spelling. See the examples below:

PORTUGUESE oxtonas (stress on the last syllable) paroxtonas (stress on one before the last) proparoxtonas (stress on two before the last) caf, estudar, computador, refrigerador, etc. casa, modelo, Ipanema, comemorava, etc, fgado, metrpole, hemoflico, etc.

ENGLISH hotel, control, police, improve, exchange, etc. (only two-syllable words) video, English, important, united, revolution, etc. excellent, hospital, government, photograph, photographer, etc.

stress on three before the last double stress

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approximately, significantly, intelligible, objectionable, etc. approximation, refrigerator, characteristic, category, necessary, dictionary, fundamental, introductory, overnight, Vietnamese, etc. This unpredictability of word stress in English is one more argument against early contact with the written text in the teaching of English in Brazil.

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Esta imprevisibilidade do acento tnico da palavra em ingls se constitui em mais um argumento contra o contato prematuro com textos escritos no ensino de ingls como lngua estrangeira no Brasil.

Regras de acentuao tnica em ingls

No portugus, determinados sufixos caracterizam determinados tipos de acentuao tnica. Ex: estudar, escrever, dormir, estudou, escreveu, dormiu, computador, professor, jogador, astral, avental, imoral.

English word-stress rules


Certain suffixes in Portuguese indicate the stressed syllable. Ex: estudar, escrever, dormir, estudou, escreveu, dormiu, computador, professor, jogador, astral, avental, imoral.

Da mesma forma, existem em ingls algumas regras que definem a correlao entre ortografia e acentuao tnica de alguns tipos de palavras, as quais podem ser teis ao aluno iniciante que tem pouca familiaridade com a lngua falada. A) Palavras terminadas em _sion e _tion: o acento tnico recai sobre a slaba imediatamente anterior a esse sufixo. A palavra portanto ser sempre paroxtona.

The same way, in English there are useful spelling-to-sound rules that when presented to students can provide a light at the end of the tunnel. A) Words which end in _sion, _tion: stress is on the syllable before this ending (1 syllable before the last).

Ex: illusion, television, solution, satisfaction. B) Palavras terminadas em _ic: o acento tnico recai sobre a slaba imediatamente anterior a esse sufixo. A palavra portanto ser sempre paroxtona. B) Words ending in _ic: stress the syllable before this ending (1 syllable before the last).

Ex: unrealistic, static, fabric. C) Palavras terminadas em _ial: o acento tnico recai sobre a slaba imediatamente anterior a esse sufixo. A palavra portanto ser sempre paroxtona. C) Words ending in _ial: stress the syllable before this ending (1 syllable before the last).

Ex: official, artificial, confidential. D) Palavras terminadas em _ially sero sempre proparoxtonas. D) Words ending in _ially: stress the syllable before this ending (2nd syllable before the last).

Ex: officially, essentially, basically. E) Palavras terminadas em _ical sero sempre proparoxtonas. E) Words ending in _ical: stress the syllable before this ending (2nd syllable before the last).

Ex: economical, practical, political. F) Palavras terminadas em _cy e _ty sero sempre proparoxtonas. F) Words ending in _cy, _ty: stress is on the 2nd syllable before this ending.

Ex: democracy, loyalty, agency, activity. G) Verbos compostos com os prefixos over_ ou under_ tm sempre tonicidade dupla, e normalmente levam o acento tnico primrio numa das slabas aps o prefixo. G) Compound verbs with prefix over_ or under_: they always have double stress, and the primary stress is normally on one of the syllables which follow the prefix.

Ex: overgrow, overheat, overlook, oversleep, underestimate, undergo, understand.

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