POTASSIUM STEARATE STORAGE TANK

DESIGN DESCRIPTION A storage tank is a container, usually for holding liquids, sometimes for compressed gases (gas tank). The term can be used for reservoirs (artificial lakes and ponds), and for manufactured containers. Storage tanks are available in many shapes: vertical and horizontal cylindrical; open top and closed top; flat bottom, cone bottom, slope bottom and dish bottom. Large tanks tend to be vertical cylindrical, or to have rounded corners transition from vertical side wall to bottom profile, to easier withstand hydraulic hydrostatically induced pressure of contained liquid. Most container tanks for handling liquids during transportation are designed to handle varying degrees of pressure. DESIGN SELECTION Potassium Stearate Storage tank is a cylindrical tank selected to supply the surfactant needed by the pulping tank which is going to be used to remove the contaminants on the shredded papers.. DATA AND ASSUMPTIONS 1. The mass of potassium stearate needed is 2012.1 kg/month (Basis: Material Balance, 67.07 kg/30days) 2. The density of potassium stearate is 76808781 kg/m3. DESIGN CONSIDERATION 1. The filling capacity of the storage tank is 80%. 2. The efficiency of lap-welded joints is 80%. (Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers, 5th ed., Peters and Timmerhaus) 3. The minimum corrosion allowance is 1/16 in. (Process Equipment Design, Hesse) 4. The height to diameter ratio of the tank is 2. (Perrys Chemical Engineering Handbook 7th edition by Perry and Green)

5. Low-carbon nickel steel is used as a material of construction (Perrys Chemical Engineering Handbook, 7Th ed.) 6. The maximum allowable tensile stress for low-carbon nickel steel at temperatures up to 650 0F is 13000 psi. (Process Equipment Design, Hesse) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 1. Capacity of the tank 2. Height and diameter of the tank 3. Working pressure 4. Shell thickness 5. Head and Bottom Thickness 6. Depth of the head 7. Volume of the head 8. Surface area of the head DESIGN CALCULATIONS 1. Capacity of the Tank

V = 2.616929784 m3/month At 80% filling capacity,

V1 = 3.27116223 m3 Using 20% safety factor for future expansion, V = 3.27116223 m3 (1.20) V = 4.2525109 m3 Use 4.26 m3 for the capacity of the tank.

2. Height and Diameter of the Tank Since H = 2D;

D = 1.26649 m H = 2.53298340 m Use 1.27 m and 2.54 m for tank diameter and height respectively 3. Working Pressure

Since the tank is not vented to the atmosphere;

PT = 2.7701 psi Use 2.77 psi as the working pressure of the tank. 4. Shell Thickness Using equation 4-3, Process Equipment Design by Hesse

Where:

ts = thickness of the plate P = internal pressure D = internal diameter S = allowable working stress e = efficiency C = corrosion allowance

Using equation 4-1, Process Equipment Design by Hesse

Where:

Su = 13000 psi (Table 3.1, Process Equipment Design, Hesse) Fm = 1.00 (for high tensile strength carbon steel, Process Equipment Design, Hesse) Fa = Fr = 1.00 since radiographing and stress relieving is not required Fs = 0.25 (Table 4.2, Process Equipment Design, Hesse)

S = 2750 psi

( ts = 0.0939 in = 2.3853 mm Use 2.40 mm as thickness of the shell 5. Head and Bottom Thickness For thickness of the head:

A standard dished head was chosen for simplicity and availability,

Refer to equation 4-6, Process Equipment Design by Hesse Since: Di = 1.26649 m (49.8619 in) Do = Di +2ts Do = 50.0497 in (1.2713 m) From Process Equipment Design by Hesse, Crown Radius, L = Di 6 in L = 49.8619 in 6 in L = 43.8619 in Knuckle Radius, kr = 0.06 Do kr = 0.06 (50.0497 in) kr = 3.003in

Calculating the ratio, R = kr/L

R = 0.0685 For the value of W, from Table 4-3, Process Equipment Design by Hesse W = 1.70 Using equation 4-6, Process Equipment Design by Hesse

th = 0.0469in = 1.1924mm Use 1.20 mm for the head and bottom thickness of the tank 6. Depth of the Head From Equation 4-14, Process Equipment Design by Hesse ( )

h = 7.77431in = 197.4675 mm = 0.1975 m Use 0.20 m for the depth of the head of the tank 7. Volume of the Head From Equation 4-15, Process Equipment Design by Hesse ] V =7857.299164in3 = 0.12876m3 Use 0.13 m3 as the volume of the head

8. Surface Area of the Head From Equation 4-16, Process Equipment Design by Hesse

A = 2141.4536 in2 = 1.38158 m2 Use 1.39 m2 as the surface area of the head

DESIGN SPECIFICATION

POTASSIUM STEARATE STORAGE TANK Identification Item: Potassium Stearate Storage Tank Number of Required Unit: 1 Material Handled Potassium Stearate Function: To handle the potassium stearate for one month that is needed in the Pulping Process. Material of Construction : Carbon Steel Design Data Parameters Capacity Dimensions Diameter Height Shell Thickness Head and Bottom Thickness Depth of the Head Volume of the Head Surface Area of the Head Proposed Design 4.26 m3 1.27 m 2.54 m 2.40 mm 1.20 mm 0.20 m 0.13 m3 1.39 m2 Existing Design 0.3 m3 0.73 m 0.82 m -

Source: http://www.chemicaltanksindia.com/vertical-tanks.html

DESIGN CONFIGURATION POTASSIUM STEARATE STORAGE TANK

Head Thickness = 1.20 mm

Shell Thickness = 2.40 mm Diameter = 1.27 m Height = 2.54m

Bottom Thickness = 1.20 mm

Capacity = 4.26 m3

Depth of the Head: Volume of the Head: Surface Area of the Head:

0.197 m 0.13 m3 1.39 m3