Computational fluid dynamic assignment

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
A cold fluid at 20 C flows into the pipe through a large inlet, and mixes with a warmer
fluid at 40 C tha t enters through a smaller inlet located at the elbow. The pipe
dimensions are in inches, and the fluid properties a nd boundary c o n d i t i o n s are given
in SI units. The Reynolds number for the flow at the larger inlet is 50,800, so a turbule nt
flow model will be required.

Density:
Viscosity:
Conductivity:
Specific Heat:

= 1000 kg/m3
4

= 8 x 10 Pas
k = 0.677 W/mK
Cp = 4216 J/kgK

8"

4"

Ux = 0.4 m/s
o
T = 20 C
I = 5%

1"

4" Dia.
3"

1" Dia.

8"
Uy = 1.2 m/s
T = 400C
I = 5%

1|Page

1. 3D HEXAHEDRAL MESH FOR THE MIXING ELBOW:

Figure 1.1 3d Mesh Of Mixing Elbow

NUMBER OF ITERATION:

Following iteration are among number of iteration, continuity, x-velocity, yvelocity, z-velocity, energy,
k-epsilon, saqib, time/iteration
respectively.
turbulent viscosity limited to viscosity ratio of 1.000000e+005 in 221 cells
1 1.0000e+00 1.4065e-04 1.5201e-03 5.6267e-05 4.9537e-05 5.7275e-01
4.9413e-01
0:02:29 149
reversed flow in 4 faces on pressure-outlet 5.
2 1.0000e+00 6.3325e-02 2.6475e-01 3.0492e-02 4.5967e-05 1.3892e-01
2.3123e-01
0:01:58 148
reversed flow in 42 faces on pressure-outlet 5.
3 6.2990e-01 1.8402e-01 4.6129e-01 4.4751e-02 1.5927e-04 2.1360e-01
8.3993e-01 2.9703e+02 0:01:34 147
reversed flow in 76 faces on pressure-outlet 5.
4 2.7692e-01 8.6354e-02 1.3143e-01 3.6950e-02 1.5693e-04 1.4609e-01
4.1270e-01
0:01:44 146
reversed flow in 29 faces on pressure-outlet 5.
5 1.2736e-01 3.0789e-02 7.1294e-02 2.7901e-02 1.5772e-04 8.5588e-02
2.2064e-01
0:01:23 145
reversed flow in 4 faces on pressure-outlet 5.
6 6.6542e-02 3.0088e-02 5.1839e-02 1.3986e-02 8.7053e-05 5.2260e-02
1.2518e-01 2.9789e+02 0:01:34 144
7 4.0803e-02 2.3982e-02 3.6332e-02 7.7569e-03 4.0775e-05 3.7077e-02
8.6660e-02
0:01:15 143
8 2.6338e-02 1.7925e-02 2.4196e-02 4.9896e-03 1.9647e-05 2.7818e-02
5.7827e-02
0:01:28 142
9 1.7189e-02 7.3202e-03 1.0446e-02 4.0899e-03 1.1792e-05 2.2185e-02
4.0130e-02 2.9607e+02 0:01:10 141
10 1.2175e-02 5.5145e-03 8.5316e-03 3.1936e-03 8.6280e-06 1.8642e-02
3.5647e-02
0:00:56 140
11 9.5657e-03 4.6924e-03 7.3481e-03 2.5993e-03 6.6414e-06 1.6083e-02
3.2428e-02
0:01:12 139

iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity

saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

12 7.4381e-03 3.9873e-03 6.0719e-03 2.2065e-03 6.1238e-06 1.4144e-02

2.8654e-02 2.9634e+02 0:00:57 138
13 5.8629e-03 3.4345e-03 5.0978e-03 1.9034e-03 5.7920e-06 1.2638e-02
2.5485e-02
0:00:45 137
14 4.8460e-03 3.2339e-03 4.5615e-03 1.6884e-03 5.3161e-06 1.1532e-02
2.3048e-02
0:01:03 136
15 4.1357e-03 3.0505e-03 4.2045e-03 1.5377e-03 5.0381e-06 1.0638e-02
2.0635e-02 2.9634e+02 0:00:50 135
16 3.5333e-03 2.9762e-03 3.9450e-03 1.4146e-03 4.9947e-06 9.9577e-03
1.8785e-02
0:01:07 134
17 3.1358e-03 2.8711e-03 3.7049e-03 1.3132e-03 4.8737e-06 9.4542e-03
1.7232e-02
0:00:53 133
18 2.7901e-03 2.7452e-03 3.4766e-03 1.2257e-03 4.5612e-06 9.0539e-03
1.5906e-02 2.9630e+02 0:01:08 132
19 2.4856e-03 2.5829e-03 3.2614e-03 1.1391e-03 4.3196e-06 8.7331e-03
1.4791e-02
0:00:54 131
20 2.2768e-03 2.4294e-03 3.1520e-03 1.0638e-03 4.2021e-06 8.4349e-03
1.3831e-02
0:00:43 130
21 2.1392e-03 2.3222e-03 3.0544e-03 9.9462e-04 4.0219e-06 8.1436e-03
1.2945e-02 2.9627e+02 0:01:00 129
22 2.0190e-03 2.2482e-03 2.9485e-03 9.3844e-04 3.7897e-06 7.8695e-03
1.2137e-02
0:00:48 128
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

23 1.7830e-03 2.1625e-03 2.8321e-03 8.8668e-04 3.6689e-06 7.6244e-03

1.1410e-02
0:01:03 127
24 1.6911e-03 2.0996e-03 2.7364e-03 8.4143e-04 3.6322e-06 7.4058e-03
1.0753e-02 2.9628e+02 0:00:50 126
25 1.5524e-03 2.0543e-03 2.6380e-03 8.0170e-04 3.3960e-06 7.2122e-03
1.0142e-02
0:00:40 125

26 1.4539e-03 1.9887e-03 2.5629e-03 7.6623e-04 3.2616e-06 7.0343e-03

9.5900e-03
0:00:56 124
27 1.3639e-03 1.9244e-03 2.4972e-03 7.2943e-04 3.1325e-06 6.8716e-03
9.0880e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:45 123
28 1.2757e-03 1.8671e-03 2.4371e-03 6.9674e-04 3.0003e-06 6.7226e-03
8.6431e-03
0:01:00 122
29 1.1955e-03 1.8010e-03 2.3804e-03 6.6514e-04 2.8701e-06 6.5858e-03
8.2564e-03
0:00:48 121
30 1.1187e-03 1.7363e-03 2.3313e-03 6.3760e-04 2.7608e-06 6.4572e-03
7.9229e-03 2.9629e+02 0:01:02 120
31 1.0547e-03 1.6777e-03 2.2850e-03 6.1054e-04 2.6359e-06 6.3424e-03
7.6360e-03
0:00:49 119
32 9.9635e-04 1.6178e-03 2.2436e-03 5.8541e-04 2.5380e-06 6.2407e-03
7.3858e-03
0:00:39 118
33 9.4504e-04 1.5653e-03 2.2007e-03 5.6155e-04 2.4443e-06 6.1560e-03
7.1775e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:54 117
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

34 8.9509e-04 1.5142e-03 2.1591e-03 5.3948e-04 2.3532e-06 6.0867e-03

7.0134e-03
0:00:43 116
35 8.4720e-04 1.4693e-03 2.1182e-03 5.1796e-04 2.2668e-06 6.0271e-03
6.8874e-03
0:00:57 115
36 8.0276e-04 1.4266e-03 2.0778e-03 4.9709e-04 2.1942e-06 5.9762e-03
6.8074e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:45 114
37 7.5929e-04 1.3868e-03 2.0372e-03 4.7720e-04 2.1334e-06 5.9312e-03
6.7535e-03
0:00:36 113
38 7.2134e-04 1.3520e-03 1.9981e-03 4.5852e-04 2.0635e-06 5.8929e-03
6.7167e-03
0:00:51 112
39 6.8707e-04 1.3237e-03 1.9598e-03 4.3983e-04 2.0114e-06 5.8605e-03
6.6923e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:40 111
40 6.5904e-04 1.2958e-03 1.9214e-03 4.2291e-04 1.9544e-06 5.8338e-03
6.6779e-03
0:00:54 110

41 6.3389e-04 1.2654e-03 1.8863e-03 4.0711e-04 1.8927e-06 5.8138e-03

6.6709e-03
0:00:43 109
42 6.0685e-04 1.2345e-03 1.8519e-03 3.9063e-04 1.8407e-06 5.8005e-03
6.6706e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:34 108
43 5.8159e-04 1.2070e-03 1.8176e-03 3.7481e-04 1.7930e-06 5.7952e-03
6.6760e-03
0:00:48 107
44 5.5936e-04 1.1814e-03 1.7833e-03 3.5977e-04 1.7485e-06 5.7960e-03
6.6857e-03
0:00:38 106
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

45 5.3894e-04 1.1598e-03 1.7489e-03 3.4496e-04 1.7196e-06 5.8029e-03

6.6979e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:51 105
46 5.2256e-04 1.1381e-03 1.7143e-03 3.3111e-04 1.6911e-06 5.8136e-03
6.7106e-03
0:00:41 104
47 5.0549e-04 1.1146e-03 1.6806e-03 3.1758e-04 1.6568e-06 5.8281e-03
6.7221e-03
0:00:32 103
48 4.8931e-04 1.0905e-03 1.6491e-03 3.0433e-04 1.6260e-06 5.8453e-03
6.7320e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:46 102
49 4.7357e-04 1.0656e-03 1.6184e-03 2.9199e-04 1.6134e-06 5.8652e-03
6.7402e-03
0:00:36 101
50 4.5886e-04 1.0423e-03 1.5878e-03 2.7977e-04 1.5876e-06 5.8853e-03
6.7464e-03
0:00:49 100
51 4.4287e-04 1.0153e-03 1.5594e-03 2.6844e-04 1.5807e-06 5.9048e-03
6.7503e-03 2.9629e+02 0:00:39 99
52 4.2925e-04 9.9138e-04 1.5306e-03 2.5738e-04 1.5513e-06 5.9220e-03
6.7516e-03
0:00:31 98
53 4.1498e-04 9.6481e-04 1.5026e-03 2.4721e-04 1.5293e-06 5.9367e-03
6.7494e-03
0:00:44 97
54 4.0306e-04 9.3993e-04 1.4754e-03 2.3752e-04 1.5289e-06 5.9487e-03
6.7432e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:35 96
55 3.9179e-04 9.1188e-04 1.4495e-03 2.2830e-04 1.5297e-06 5.9577e-03
6.7333e-03
0:00:46 95

iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity

saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

56 3.7961e-04 8.8823e-04 1.4244e-03 2.1921e-04 1.5394e-06 5.9648e-03

6.7188e-03
0:00:37 94
57 3.7030e-04 8.6172e-04 1.4008e-03 2.1101e-04 1.5659e-06 5.9681e-03
6.7001e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:29 93
58 3.6089e-04 8.3345e-04 1.3787e-03 2.0311e-04 1.5769e-06 5.9699e-03
6.6790e-03
0:00:41 92
59 3.5210e-04 8.0538e-04 1.3573e-03 1.9573e-04 1.5868e-06 5.9697e-03
6.6572e-03
0:00:33 91
60 3.4349e-04 7.7746e-04 1.3365e-03 1.8880e-04 1.5944e-06 5.9675e-03
6.6346e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:44 90
61 3.3705e-04 7.5176e-04 1.3154e-03 1.8271e-04 1.6087e-06 5.9644e-03
6.6116e-03
0:00:35 89
62 3.2986e-04 7.2505e-04 1.2948e-03 1.7650e-04 1.6213e-06 5.9603e-03
6.5872e-03
0:00:27 88
63 3.2474e-04 6.9861e-04 1.2734e-03 1.7104e-04 1.6280e-06 5.9566e-03
6.5611e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:39 87
64 3.1778e-04 6.7107e-04 1.2518e-03 1.6545e-04 1.6351e-06 5.9534e-03
6.5330e-03
0:00:31 86
65 3.1273e-04 6.4635e-04 1.2288e-03 1.6078e-04 1.6397e-06 5.9513e-03
6.5026e-03
0:00:41 85
66 3.0685e-04 6.1987e-04 1.2066e-03 1.5614e-04 1.6446e-06 5.9501e-03
6.4695e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:33 84
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

67 3.0040e-04 5.9624e-04 1.1835e-03 1.5198e-04 1.6455e-06 5.9515e-03

6.4354e-03
0:00:26 83
68 2.9405e-04 5.7184e-04 1.1594e-03 1.4881e-04 1.6487e-06 5.9555e-03
6.3978e-03
0:00:37 82
69 2.9130e-04 5.4988e-04 1.1346e-03 1.4511e-04 1.6471e-06 5.9619e-03
6.3571e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:29 81

70 2.8899e-04 5.2945e-04 1.1086e-03 1.4243e-04 1.6444e-06 5.9713e-03

6.3125e-03
0:00:39 80
71 2.8979e-04 5.1144e-04 1.0816e-03 1.4003e-04 1.6444e-06 5.9838e-03
6.2656e-03
0:00:31 79
72 2.9284e-04 4.9549e-04 1.0537e-03 1.3758e-04 1.6327e-06 5.9993e-03
6.2170e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:24 78
73 2.9859e-04 4.8061e-04 1.0250e-03 1.3530e-04 1.6317e-06 6.0177e-03
6.1688e-03
0:00:35 77
74 3.0450e-04 4.6909e-04 9.9503e-04 1.3341e-04 1.6284e-06 6.0389e-03
6.1234e-03
0:00:27 76
75 3.0882e-04 4.5853e-04 9.6545e-04 1.3143e-04 1.6218e-06 6.0642e-03
6.0847e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:37 75
76 3.1167e-04 4.4908e-04 9.3480e-04 1.2987e-04 1.6213e-06 6.0936e-03
6.0568e-03
0:00:29 74
77 3.1234e-04 4.4047e-04 9.0377e-04 1.2833e-04 1.6309e-06 6.1278e-03
6.0468e-03
0:00:23 73
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

78 3.1114e-04 4.3320e-04 8.7308e-04 1.2698e-04 1.6377e-06 6.1667e-03

6.0601e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:32 72
79 3.0892e-04 4.2648e-04 8.4193e-04 1.2596e-04 1.6517e-06 6.2104e-03
6.1028e-03
0:00:26 71
80 3.0589e-04 4.2030e-04 8.1203e-04 1.2530e-04 1.6695e-06 6.2616e-03
6.1816e-03
0:00:20 70
81 3.0338e-04 4.1549e-04 7.8104e-04 1.2491e-04 1.6992e-06 6.3216e-03
6.3017e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:30 69
82 3.0224e-04 4.0959e-04 7.5181e-04 1.2477e-04 1.7412e-06 6.3912e-03 6.4628e03
0:00:23 68
83 3.0094e-04 4.0443e-04 7.2232e-04 1.2483e-04 1.8073e-06 6.4718e-03
6.6617e-03
0:00:32 67
84 3.0267e-04 3.9948e-04 6.9392e-04 1.2514e-04 1.9350e-06 6.5640e-03
6.8903e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:25 66

85 3.0306e-04 3.9293e-04 6.6518e-04 1.2558e-04 1.9467e-06 6.6682e-03

7.1421e-03
0:00:20 65
86 3.0515e-04 3.8403e-04 6.3927e-04 1.2645e-04 2.0847e-06 6.7840e-03
7.4030e-03
0:00:28 64
87 3.0652e-04 3.7450e-04 6.1437e-04 1.2782e-04 2.1222e-06 6.9122e-03
7.6641e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:22 63
88 3.1187e-04 3.6566e-04 5.9221e-04 1.2966e-04 2.2620e-06 7.1062e-03
8.0262e-03
0:00:30 62
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

89 3.1622e-04 3.5470e-04 5.7246e-04 1.3179e-04 2.3902e-06 7.3095e-03

8.3609e-03
0:00:24 61
90 3.2080e-04 3.4388e-04 5.5556e-04 1.3383e-04 2.5227e-06 7.5200e-03
8.6600e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:19 60
91 3.2567e-04 3.3313e-04 5.4026e-04 1.3589e-04 2.6630e-06 7.7362e-03
8.9205e-03
0:00:26 59
92 3.2973e-04 3.2310e-04 5.2808e-04 1.3807e-04 2.7967e-06 7.9547e-03
9.1436e-03
0:00:21 58
93 3.3293e-04 3.1357e-04 5.1786e-04 1.4114e-04 2.9297e-06 8.1744e-03
9.3246e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:28 57
94 3.3361e-04 3.0362e-04 5.1102e-04 1.4403e-04 3.0510e-06 8.3918e-03
9.4617e-03
0:00:22 56
95 3.3287e-04 2.9507e-04 5.0675e-04 1.4617e-04 3.1697e-06 8.6063e-03
9.5586e-03
0:00:17 55
96 3.3070e-04 2.8714e-04 5.0486e-04 1.4805e-04 3.2763e-06 8.8142e-03
9.6120e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:24 54
97 3.2888e-04 2.8063e-04 5.0400e-04 1.4939e-04 3.3740e-06 9.0153e-03
9.6265e-03
0:00:19 53
98 3.2695e-04 2.7338e-04 5.0413e-04 1.5081e-04 3.4627e-06 9.2067e-03
9.6042e-03
0:00:25 52
99 3.2638e-04 2.6712e-04 5.0451e-04 1.5117e-04 3.5254e-06 9.3864e-03 9.5448e03 2.9630e+02 0:00:20 51

iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity

saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

100 3.2508e-04 2.6047e-04 5.0569e-04 1.5150e-04 3.5765e-06 9.5516e-03

9.4496e-03
0:00:16 50
101 3.2286e-04 2.5469e-04 5.0739e-04 1.5119e-04 3.5995e-06 9.7008e-03
9.3156e-03
0:00:22 49
102 3.1650e-04 2.4831e-04 5.0847e-04 1.5046e-04 3.5926e-06 9.8315e-03
9.1463e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:17 48
103 3.0841e-04 2.4208e-04 5.0912e-04 1.4903e-04 3.7478e-06 9.9410e-03
8.9399e-03
0:00:14 47
104 2.9962e-04 2.3484e-04 5.0923e-04 1.4731e-04 3.6875e-06 1.0026e-02
8.5744e-03
0:00:20 46
105 2.8647e-04 2.2795e-04 5.0661e-04 1.4446e-04 3.5037e-06 1.0002e-02
8.1867e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:15 45
106 2.7347e-04 2.2072e-04 5.0339e-04 1.4152e-04 3.3771e-06 9.9600e-03
7.7926e-03
0:00:21 44
107 2.5960e-04 2.1344e-04 4.9923e-04 1.3853e-04 3.2730e-06 9.8973e-03
7.3898e-03
0:00:16 43
108 2.4544e-04 2.0654e-04 4.9491e-04 1.3518e-04 3.1587e-06 9.8092e-03
6.9751e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:13 42
109 2.3141e-04 2.0011e-04 4.8994e-04 1.3145e-04 3.1789e-06 9.6903e-03
6.5483e-03
0:00:18 41
110 2.1702e-04 1.9262e-04 4.8409e-04 1.2773e-04 3.0447e-06 9.5337e-03
6.1078e-03
0:00:14 40
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

111 2.0305e-04 1.8507e-04 4.7836e-04 1.2367e-04 2.9053e-06 9.3311e-03

5.6552e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:19 39
112 1.8991e-04 1.7782e-04 4.7236e-04 1.1912e-04 2.7653e-06 9.0726e-03
5.1921e-03
0:00:15 38
113 1.7736e-04 1.6990e-04 4.6591e-04 1.1409e-04 2.6289e-06 8.7462e-03
4.7186e-03
0:00:11 37

114 1.6538e-04 1.6208e-04 4.5809e-04 1.0873e-04 2.6115e-06 8.3412e-03

4.2366e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:16 36
115 1.5324e-04 1.5464e-04 4.4814e-04 1.0277e-04 2.4334e-06 7.8521e-03
3.7501e-03
0:00:13 35
116 1.4164e-04 1.4682e-04 4.3597e-04 9.6421e-05 2.2521e-06 7.2763e-03
3.2656e-03
0:00:17 34
117 1.3044e-04 1.3853e-04 4.2096e-04 8.9475e-05 2.0735e-06 6.6199e-03
2.7950e-03 2.9630e+02 0:00:13 33
118 1.1959e-04 1.2998e-04 4.0318e-04 8.2165e-05 1.8997e-06 5.9001e-03
2.3509e-03
0:00:10 32
119 1.0859e-04 1.2129e-04 3.8238e-04 7.4529e-05 1.7195e-06 5.1432e-03
1.9438e-03
0:00:14 31
120 9.8245e-05 1.1224e-04 3.5874e-04 6.6754e-05 1.5904e-06 4.3814e-03
1.5839e-03 2.9631e+02 0:00:11 30
121 8.8502e-05 1.0320e-04 3.3248e-04 5.9059e-05 1.3851e-06 3.6497e-03
1.2743e-03
0:00:08 29
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
time/iter

energy

epsilon

saqib

122 7.9865e-05 9.3930e-05 3.0458e-04 5.1672e-05 1.1951e-06 2.9775e-03

1.0165e-03
0:00:12 28
123 7.1673e-05 8.4951e-05 2.7550e-04 4.4758e-05 1.0177e-06 2.3856e-03
8.0694e-04 2.9630e+02 0:00:09 27
124 6.3831e-05 7.5884e-05 2.4630e-04 3.8536e-05 8.6005e-07 1.8829e-03
6.4315e-04
0:00:12 26
125 5.6919e-05 6.6604e-05 2.1757e-04 3.3062e-05 7.2334e-07 1.4702e-03
5.1497e-04
0:00:10 25
126 4.9997e-05 5.7549e-05 1.9016e-04 2.8315e-05 6.0043e-07 1.1381e-03
4.1284e-04 2.9630e+02 0:00:07 24
127 4.3782e-05 4.9407e-05 1.6503e-04 2.4176e-05 4.9589e-07 8.7486e-04
3.3349e-04
0:00:10 23
128 3.8508e-05 4.2344e-05 1.4240e-04 2.0616e-05 4.0846e-07 6.7009e-04
2.7288e-04
0:00:08 22

129 3.3850e-05 3.6056e-05 1.2202e-04 1.7611e-05 3.3179e-07 5.1548e-04

2.2483e-04 2.9630e+02 0:00:10 21
130 2.9654e-05 3.0714e-05 1.0423e-04 1.5079e-05 2.7198e-07 3.9897e-04
1.8658e-04
0:00:08 20
131 2.5866e-05 2.6237e-05 8.8960e-05 1.2948e-05 2.2616e-07 3.1027e-04
1.5575e-04
0:00:06 19
132 2.2607e-05 2.2169e-05 7.5842e-05 1.1154e-05 1.9141e-07 2.4291e-04
1.3018e-04 2.9629e+02 0:00:08 18
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity z-velocity
saqib
time/iter

energy

epsilon

133 1.9438e-05 1.9030e-05 6.4917e-05 9.5992e-06 1.6398e-07 1.9149e-04

1.0916e-04
0:00:06 17
134 1.6819e-05 1.6435e-05 5.5798e-05 8.2484e-06 1.4445e-07 1.5259e-04
9.1376e-05
0:00:08 16
135 1.4332e-05 1.4145e-05 4.8094e-05 7.1518e-06 1.4076e-07 1.2303e-04
7.7250e-05 2.9629e+02 0:00:06 15
136 1.2334e-05 1.2340e-05 4.1612e-05 6.1708e-06 1.2938e-07 1.0080e-04
6.5948e-05
0:00:04 14
137 1.0595e-05 1.0687e-05 3.6134e-05 5.3404e-06 1.1835e-07 8.3736e-05
5.6608e-05
0:00:06 13
! 138 solution is converged
138 9.0807e-06 9.3537e-06 3.1450e-05 4.6213e-06 1.1100e-07 7.0620e05 4.8854e-05 2.9629e+02 0:00:04 12

MASS BALANCE:
Mass Flow Rate

(kg/s)

----------------------- -------------------pressure-outlet-7

-1.9193271

velocity-inlet-5

1.6175208

velocity-inlet-6

0.30180666

---------------- -------------------Net

3.2782555e-07

FLUENT RESULTS (3D ELBOW MESH):

MASS-WEIGHTED AVERAGE TEMPERATURE:

Figure 1.2 Mass-Weighted Average Temperature

Description:
This graph show the value of average temperature at every iteration

RESIDUALS FOR THE FIRST 140 ITERATIONS:

Figure 1.3 Residuals Graph

Description:
This graph shows the values of continuity, x-velocity, y-velocity, z-velocity, energy, k-epsilon at
every iteration.

VELOCITY CONTOUR:

Figure 1.4 Velocity Contour

Description:
This contour shows the velocity distribution of cold and hot fluid in elbow. This contour also
show the velocity at mixing.

TEMPERATURE CONTOUR:

Figure 1.5 Temperature Contour

Description:
This contour show the temperature distribution of cold and hot fluid in 3D elbow and also show
the temperature at mixing of hot and cold fluid.

VELOCITY VECTORS:

Figure 1.6 Velocity Vectors

Description:
This figure shows the particle tracking or velocity vector of cold and hot fluid.

OUTLET TEMPERATURE PROFILE FOR THE INITIAL

SOLUTION:

Figure 1.7 Outlet Temperature Profile

Description:
This figure shows the temperature profile at different position of elbow. In this graph we can see
that at the inlet of cold fluid the temperature is low and at the inlet of hot fluid temperature is
high and at the mixing temperature of hot fluid is decrease.

CONTOURS OF THE DYNAMIC HEAD CUSTOM FIELD

FUNCTION:

Figure 1.8 Contours Of The Dynamic Head Custom Field Function

Description:
The hydraulic diameter Dh is defined as:
Dh =4A/Pw
This figure shows distribution of dynamic head in elbow

2. 2D MESH FOR MIXING ELBOW:

Figure 2.1 2d Mesh For Mixing Elbow

NUMBER OF ITERATION:
Following iteration are among number of iteration, continuity, x-velocity, yvelocity, z-velocity, energy,
k-epsilon, saqib(function), time/iteration
respectively.
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity

energy

epsilon

time/iter

1 1.0000e+00 9.8647e-03 4.9975e-02 6.8638e-04 9.3013e-01 1.1719e+02

0:00:00 99
2 1.0000e+00 7.3186e-02 2.2808e-01 4.0099e-04 2.6222e-01 3.9338e-01
0:00:00 98
reversed flow in 1 faces on pressure-outlet 4.
3 3.9383e-01 3.9559e-02 8.4348e-02 4.1102e-04 1.5324e-01 2.7817e-01
0:01:37 97
reversed flow in 1 faces on pressure-outlet 4.
4 3.0783e-01 2.7340e-02 6.8764e-02 1.6983e-04 7.8402e-02 1.3651e-01
0:01:17 96
reversed flow in 1 faces on pressure-outlet 4.
5 2.2013e-01 1.9211e-02 4.5994e-02 1.2674e-04 6.3204e-02 1.3620e-01
0:01:01 95
reversed flow in 1 faces on pressure-outlet 4.
6 1.6975e-01 1.6137e-02 3.1557e-02 1.2932e-04 5.2235e-02 1.1268e-01
0:00:48 94
7 1.2542e-01 1.2142e-02 2.3579e-02 1.1111e-04 4.1064e-02 8.5360e-02
0:00:38 93
8 9.5388e-02 9.8555e-03 1.8672e-02 9.2260e-05 3.3905e-02 6.5252e-02
0:00:30 92
9 7.2431e-02 8.3726e-03 1.5432e-02 8.6051e-05 2.7686e-02 4.8873e-02
0:00:24 91
10 5.3169e-02 7.2336e-03 1.2454e-02 8.1434e-05 2.3696e-02 3.8670e-02
0:00:19 90
11 3.9654e-02 6.4450e-03 1.0308e-02 7.6655e-05 1.9373e-02 2.9946e-02
0:00:15 89
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity

energy

epsilon

time/iter

12 3.0459e-02 6.0502e-03 8.6418e-03 7.1652e-05 1.6666e-02 2.5010e-02

0:00:12 88
13 2.5459e-02 5.4785e-03 7.5949e-03 6.5558e-05 1.4626e-02 2.1350e-02
0:00:09 87

14 2.1471e-02 4.7505e-03 6.9641e-03 6.0726e-05 1.2703e-02 1.7847e-02

0:00:07 86
15 1.7754e-02 4.0384e-03 6.4583e-03 5.6734e-05 1.0894e-02 1.4568e-02
0:00:06 85
16 1.5988e-02 3.2741e-03 6.1235e-03 5.4939e-05 9.3341e-03 1.1630e-02
0:00:05 84
17 1.4411e-02 2.7896e-03 5.6807e-03 5.3282e-05 8.2460e-03 9.4320e-03
0:00:04 83
18 1.2479e-02 2.5607e-03 5.2647e-03 4.9614e-05 7.8743e-03 8.2256e-03
0:00:03 82
19 9.2524e-03 2.1606e-03 4.7713e-03 4.4639e-05 7.8327e-03 7.3817e-03
0:00:02 81
20 8.3138e-03 1.7581e-03 4.3880e-03 3.9393e-05 8.2685e-03 7.2455e-03
0:00:02 80
21 8.1084e-03 1.4191e-03 4.0563e-03 3.4128e-05 8.2882e-03 6.7759e-03
0:00:01 79
22 7.6789e-03 1.2277e-03 3.7499e-03 3.0085e-05 8.4380e-03 6.6290e-03
0:00:17 78
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity

energy

epsilon

time/iter

23 7.0021e-03 1.0992e-03 3.4400e-03 2.6774e-05 8.5814e-03 6.6061e-03

0:00:13 77
24 6.1450e-03 9.8860e-04 3.1175e-03 2.4821e-05 8.6692e-03 6.5224e-03
0:00:10 76
25 5.5237e-03 9.2293e-04 2.8492e-03 2.2850e-05 8.5511e-03 6.1599e-03
0:00:08 75
26 4.8900e-03 8.2805e-04 2.5904e-03 2.4357e-05 8.1380e-03 5.6574e-03
0:00:06 74
27 4.1830e-03 7.7797e-04 2.3269e-03 2.3887e-05 7.7255e-03 5.2285e-03
0:00:05 73
28 3.4148e-03 7.3534e-04 2.0449e-03 2.2710e-05 7.2095e-03 4.8691e-03
0:00:04 72
29 2.6277e-03 7.0467e-04 1.7881e-03 2.0192e-05 6.6730e-03 4.4931e-03
0:00:03 71

30 1.9970e-03 6.0871e-04 1.4692e-03 1.6145e-05 6.0439e-03 4.0575e-03

0:00:03 70
31 1.4903e-03 4.7556e-04 1.1688e-03 1.2041e-05 5.1767e-03 3.4627e-03
0:00:02 69
32 1.1543e-03 3.5620e-04 8.6628e-04 8.5054e-06 3.9618e-03 2.7140e-03
0:00:02 68
33 8.6537e-04 2.5650e-04 6.2154e-04 5.6570e-06 2.8448e-03 2.0482e-03
0:00:01 67
iter continuity x-velocity y-velocity

energy

epsilon

time/iter

34 6.6735e-04 1.8156e-04 4.1732e-04 3.8956e-06 1.9014e-03 1.4412e-03

0:00:01 66
35 4.9494e-04 1.2684e-04 2.6409e-04 2.6807e-06 1.1736e-03 9.3789e-04
0:00:01 65
36 3.6698e-04 8.6278e-05 1.6933e-04 1.8599e-06 7.3844e-04 6.0889e-04
0:00:01 64
37 2.6228e-04 5.5695e-05 1.1944e-04 1.2936e-06 5.1808e-04 4.3600e-04
0:00:00 63
!

38 solution is converged

38 1.8726e-04 3.7810e-05 9.5569e-05 9.4217e-07 3.6667e-04 3.0317e-04

0:00:00 62

MASS BALANCE:
Mass Flow Rate

(kg/s)

-------------------------------- -------------------inflow1

81.279999

inflow2

101.59999

outflow

-0

---------------- -------------------Net

182.87999

FLUENT RESULTS (2D ELBOW MESH):

RESIDUAL:

Figure 2.1-1 Residuals Graph

Description:
This graph show the values of continuity, x-velocity, y-velocity, z-velocity, energy, k-epsilon at
every iteration

VELOCITY CONTOUR:

Figure 2.2 Velocity Contour

Description:
This contour shows the velocity distribution of cold and hot fluid in elbow. This contour also
show the velocity at mixing

TEMPERATURE CONTOUR:

Figure 2.3 Temperature Contour

Description:
This contour show the temperature distribution of cold and hot fluid in 3D elbow and also show
the temperature at mixing of hot and cold fluid.

VELOCITY VECTOR:

Figure 2.4 Velocity Vector

Description:
This figure shows the particle tracking or velocity vector of cold and hot fluid.

TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AT THE OUTLET:

Figure 2.5 Temperature Distribution

Description:
This figure shows the temperature profile at different position of elbow. In 2d elbow the
temperature is realistic because at the mixing temperature of hot fluid is not decrease.

PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION ALONG THE OUTSIDE WALL OF THE

BEND:

Figure 2.6 Pressure Distribution

Description:
This figure shows the pressure profile at different position of elbow.

CONTOUR OF CUSTOM FIELD FUNCTION DYNAMIC HEAD:

Figure 2.7 Contour Of Custom Field Function Dynamic Head

Description:
The hydraulic diameter Dh is defined as:
Dh =4A/Pw
This figure shows distribution of dynamic head in elbow.
COMPARISION OF 3D AND 2D ELBOW:

3D ELBOW MIXING

2D ELBOW MIXING

VELOCITY CONTOUR

Velocity distribution in 3d elbow mixing is

well distributed or realistic distributed.

Velocity distribution in 3d elbow mixing is not

well distributed or non-realistic distributed.

TEMPERTURE CONTOUR
Temperature distribution in 3d elbow show
good mixing of two fluids mean that
temperature of two fluid at the outlet become
same as shown in fig.1.5.

Temperature distribution in 2d elbow show bad

mixing of two fluids mean that temperature of
two fluids at the outlet is not same as shown in
fig.2.3.

VELOCITY VECTOR
Velocity vector shows realistic particle
tracking and velocity distribution of two fluids
as shown in fig.1.6.

Velocity vector shows non-realistic particle

tracking and velocity distribution of two fluids
as shown in fig.2.4.

TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AT THE OUTLET

Fig1.7 shows the good mixing because
temperature is decrease at outlet of elbow

Fig2.5 shows the bad mixing because

temperature is same as hot fluid at outlet of
elbow

CONTOURS OF DYNAMIC HEAD

Fig.1.8 shows the normal distribution of
dynamic head in elbow

Fig.2.7 shows the abnormal distribution of

dynamic head in elbow

CONCLUSION:
In the end we conclude that velocity, temperature and dynamic head distribution of 3d elbow is
calculate accurately than 2d elbow,