Training on Pasolink NEO/i

Technical Center Group

NEC India

Digital Microwave Radio Maintenance Pasolink NEO/i

GENERAL

This section provides instructions for maintenance of the PASOLINK NEO/i used for 6-52 GHz SDH microwave radio system. This section provides instructions on the precautions, test setup and accessories, routine maintenance, corrective maintenance and mounting of optional modules.

PRECAUTIONS

The following precautions must be carefully observed during maintenance. The maintenance personnel should report arrival at and departure from a station to the relevant station. The following are dangers and warnings to the maintenance personnel.
Warning:

1. The 48 V DC power is superimposed on the center conductor of the coaxial cable between the IDU and the ODU. Connecting test equipment directly to this terminal may damage it and touching the coaxial cable core may cause electrical shock.
2. Persons performing maintenance must take necessary steps to avoid Electro-static Discharge (ESD) which may damage the modules on the IDU or cause error. Wear a conductive wrist strap connected to the grounded (G) jack on the front of the equipment shelf. This will minimize static build-up during maintenance.

PRECAUTIONS
3. Do not remove/connect the IF cable with the IDU power ON. Turn the IDU power OFF before connecting/ disconnecting the IF cable, or equipment may be damaged. 4. After turning ON the equipment, wait at least 1 minute before turning it OFF again. Repeatedly turning the power ON and OFF within a short interval may cause the IDU to fail. 5. Do not allow open or short circuit of ODU TX output with the TX power on conditions. Perform the TX Mute control in the Maintenance mode or turn the PWR switch off at the IDU before disconnecting cable or feeder from the ODU TX output. 6. Contact NEC before program download on the LCT is performed. Equipment may not function correctly with improper operation.

Caution :
1. In a system using the OPTICAL STM-1 INTFC, do not stare at the laser beam or look at it directly with optical instruments. Otherwise, it may hurt your eyes (Class 1 Laser Product). 2. The top surface of the IDU above MODEM is hot in operation. 3. When replacing the MODEM, STM-1 INTFC or DC-DC CONV (optional) turn off the PWR switch and disconnect all cables connected to the module which is to be replaced. 4. During maintenance, the IDU should be set to Maintenance "On" condition by the local craft terminal (LCT). 5. If each setup item of "Equipment Setup" or "Provisioning" is changed during in operation, traffic will be momentarily interrupted.

6. When the TX SW is activated, momentary traffic interruption may occurs

7. Before removing or installing the IDU/ODU, turn off the power switch on the MODEM

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
This section provides the routine maintenance procedures to ensure the satisfactory operation of the equipment. During preventive maintenance, carefully observe the precautions

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Notes: 1. If an abnormal indication appears, check Alarm/ Status, performance monitor and perform loopback test to distinguish sections of normal and alarmed. 2. RX LEV varies depending on received RF signal level. 3. Power Supply voltage at ODU varies depending on IF cable length between the IDU and ODU. 4. During total number of erroneous bits and total number of correctly received bits are calculating, Calculating is displayed.

5. 1.0E-10 is indicted equal to 1 x 10-10.

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Performance Monitoring

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
Corrective maintenance done in the field is described in this chapter.
Corrective maintenance in the field covers fault isolation, module/unit replacement and SW settings. The fault location procedures describe how to isolate module-level/unitlevel faults. Faults can be classified into those that cause deterioration of the transmission quality and those that interrupt the traffic due to a malfunction of the equipment. This chapter explains the troubleshooting procedures for equipment faults and the corresponding remedial methods.

The purpose of troubleshooting malfunctioning equipment is to restart the service by locating the faulty part and replacing it with a spare.
The faults that cause deterioration in the transmission quality are primarily originated by changes occurred in the state of propagation. Therefore, if a decline in the transmission quality or similar fault takes place frequently, the link design will have to be reviewed.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
Alarm/Status
When an alarm event has occurred, At first, check alarm indication on the front of the IDU. Continuously, connect the PC to the LCT jack on the IDU and check arm/status indication, Meter Reading on the LCT. (a) Check of the ALM LED Indications and LCT Indication A faulty part can be located by checking the ALM LED indicators and LCT Alarm indications. For the explanation of the ALM LED indication

(b) Meter Readings Based on the meter readings during periodical inspection with LCT a faulty part can be located by checking if the reading values exceed the permissible ranges. (c) Loopback In the case of an abnormal BER measurement result among the meter reading items, try to distinguish the faulty part.
The alarm and status of each module and ODU are displayed.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
ODU TX Power: Indicates the status of the transmitter in the ODU. When the transmission level is
decreased 3 dB or more from preset ATPC minimum level, Alarm is issued.

TX Input: Indicates the status of the ODU input signal from IDU. When the input signal from the
IDU is lost, Alarm is issued.

RX Level: Indicates the status of the received RF signal level of the ODU. When the level
decreased below the RX threshold level, Alarm is issued.

APC: Indicates the status of the synthesizer in the ODU. When any abnormality occurs in the
synthesizer, Alarm is issued.

ODU CPU/Cable Open: Indicates the status of the CPU in the ODU or IF cable, When any
abnormality occurs the CPU operation or IF cable is open, Alarm issued.

Mute Status: Indicates the control status of the ODU TX power output. When the TX power is set
to Mute, On is issued.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
LO REF (for XPIC): Indicates the status of reference LO signal used for V/H signal
synchronization. When the reference signal in the ODU is lost, Alarm is issued.

TX SW Status (for 1+1 configuration): Indicates the TX SW status for the No. 1 or No. 2 CH
selection.

RX SW Status (for 1+1 configuration): Indicates the RX SW status for the No. 1 or No. 2 CH
selection.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
MODEM Unequipped: Indicates the status of the MODEM existence. When the MODEM is loose
contact or it is not mounted according to the Equipment Setup, Alarm is issued.

Module: Indicates the status of the modulator-demodulator. When a failure occurred in the
modulator demodulator and as a result of a LSI failure, Alarm is issued.

LOF: Indicates the frame synchronization status. When the synchronization from DMR is
lost, Alarm is issued, Frame ID: Indicates the status of ID number against MODEM of opposite station or the other channel in Twin path configuration. When ID number assignment is improper, Alarm is issued.

High BER: Indicates the quality severe deterioration status between radio sections. When
the signal deteriorates below the threshold preset value, Alarm is issued. The settable threshold values are: 1E-3, 1E-4 and 1E-5.

Low BER: Indicates the quality unsevere deterioration status between radio sections. When
the signal deteriorates below the preset threshold value, Alarm is issued. The settable threshold values are: 1E-6, 1E-7, 1E-8 and 1E-9.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
MODEM Early Warning: Indicates quality deterioration status. When the signal deteriorates below
the preset threshold level, Alarm is issued. The preset threshold level is less than 1E-9. MOD: Indicates the operating status of the MOD. When any failure occurs in the modulator section, Alarm is issued.

DEM: Indicates the operating status of the DEM. When any failure occurs in the demodulator section, Alarm is issued.
Input Voltage: Indicates the power supply input voltage status. When power supply is exceeding the limited, Alarm is issued. Power Supply: Indicates the operating status of the power supply. When power supply is abnormal, Alarm is issued. IF Cable Short: Indicates the status of IF cable between IDU and ODU. When a short circuit is caused between ODU and the IDU, Alarm is issued.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
MODEM
Cable EQL: Indicates the status of IF cable equalizer. When equalizer characteristics control is lost, Alarm is issued. OPR: When the linearizer function is used. NO OPR: When the linearizer function is not used. In this case, TX output power decreases approx. 4 dBm from a standard value. Linearizer: Indicates the linearizer operating status. When linlearizer operation is improper in OPR condition, Alarm is issued. ATPC Power Mode: Indicates the status of ATPC operation mode. When the ATPC function is improper, stop the control and maintain the TX output level at HOLD/MAX/MIN selectable.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
INTFC (Main/Sub)
INTFC(1/2) Module: Indicates the operating status of the ( ) INTFC. When any failure occurs in the INTFC(1/2) Module, Alarm is issued. INTFC(1) Unequipped: Indicates the existence status of the ( ) INTFC. When the ( ) INTFC(1) is not equipped, Alarm is issued. INTFC(2) Unequipped: Indicates the existence status of the ( ) INTFC. When the ( ) INTFC(2) is not equipped, Alarm is issued.

INTFC(1/2) Type Mismatch: Indicates the mounted status of the ( ) INTFC. When the INTFC(1/2) type is not coincided with the inventory list, Alarm is issued.
INTFC(1) In-Phase: Indicates the received signal DADE status between No. 1 and No. 2 at STM-1 INTFC. When the received signal delay time is out of permissible range, Out phase alarm is issued.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
INTFC (Main/Sub)
STM-1(1) LOS (MUX): Indicates the input signal status of the STM-1 from MUX. When the input is disconnected, Alarm is issued. STM-1(1) LOF (MUX): Indicates the input signal status of the STM-1 from MUX. When the input signal is out of frame synchronization, Alarm is issued. E-BER(1) (MUX): Indicates Excessive-BER of the input STM-1 signal from MUX. When the signal deteriorates below the preset threshold level, Alarm is issued. The settable threshold values are 1E-3, 1E-4 and 1E-5. STM-1(1) SD (MUX): Indicates the input signal status of the STM-1 from MUX. When the signal deteriorates below the preset threshold level, Alarm is issued. The settable threshold values are 1E-6, 1E-7, 1E-8 and 1E-9.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
INTFC (Main/Sub)
STM-1(1) LOS (DMR): Indicates the signal status of the STM-1 from DMR. When the input is disconnected, Alarm is issued. STM-1(1) LOF (DMR): Indicates the status of the input STM-1 signal from DMR. When the input signal is out of synchronization, Alarm is issued. STM-1(1) E-BER (DMR): Indicates Excessive-BER of the input STM-1 signal at the Radio side. When the signal deteriorates below the preset threshold level, Alarm is issued. The settable threshold values are 1E-3, 1E-4 and 1E-5. STM-1(1) SD (DMR): Indicates the input signal status of the STM-1 from DMR. When the signal deteriorates below the preset threshold level, Alarm is issued. The settable threshold values are 1E-6, 1E-7, 1E-8 and 1E-9. STM-1(1) TF: Indicates the signal interruption status. Indicates when MS-AIS Generation is set to Disable. When STM-1 output signal of STM-1 INTFC is stopped, Under Execution is indicated.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
CTRL
CTRL Module: Indicates the operating status of the CTRL. When any failure occurs in the CTRL Module, Alarm is issued. MMC: Indicates the MMC status. When the mounted MMC is detected, On is displayed. APS SW Fail (for APS): Indicates the APS status of the APS system. When the APS switchover failure occurs, Alarm is issued. APS Online Status (for APS): Indicates online channel on the APS system.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
Loopback
When loopback condition is necessary, set the system to loopback condition. When there is an interruption of signals, use the STM/SONET analyzers and isolate the faulty section by checking the traffic signal by loopback. Setup the test quipment according to the following diagram.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
Loopback
Notes: 1. Service will be interrupted during Loopback condition. 2. Following Loopback operation is not performed simultaneously. IF Loopback Near End Loopback Far End Loopback 3. Loopback operation is not performed with an opposite station simultaneously.

CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
Loopback
IF loopback Used for localizing equipment failure to ODU or IDU. The input STM-1 signal from MUX is looped back at IF stage. If no abnormality is found in the signal after IF loopback, then the ODU has a problem. STM-1 loopback (NEAR END) Used for localizing equipment failure to MUX equipment or radio equipment. The input STM-1 signal from MUX is looped back and then output with STM-1 signal. If no abnormality is found in the signal with NEAR END loopback, then the radio equipment (IDU or ODU) has a problem. STM-1 loopback (FAR END) Used for localizing equipment failure to MUX equipment or radio equipment. Signal is looped back at the IDU of the opposite station. If no abnormality is found in the signal through FAR END loopback, then the local radio equipment (IDU or ODU) has no problem.

ODU TX Section Troubleshooting Flowchart

ODU RX Section Troubleshooting Flowchart

IDU Section Troubleshooting Flowchart

1-IF Connector Termination

1-Connector Material Check

Verify that all connector Accessories are complete as

1- Lock Nut 2- Washer 3- Gasket 4- Clamp A 5- Clamp B 6- Center Conductor 7- Insulation 8- Connector Shell

IF Cable Termination
Lock Nut
Washer Gasket

Clamp A Clamp B Insulation Center Conductor Connector Shell

IF Cable Termination

1-First, Fit the Lock Nut, Washer and Gasket on the Cable as shown

Gasket

washer Lock Nut

IF Cable Termination
2-Strip Back the cable sheath, taking care not to damage the braided shield.

Fit Clamp A

IF Cable Termination
3-Fold back the Braided shield, Separating the strands of the braid. Cut the extra length, to fit to Clamp A

IF Cable Termination
4-Cut away the insulation from the center conductor and fit the clamp B.

Be sure not to cut or scratch the conductor while stripping the insulation

IF Cable Termination
5- Cut the center conductor to fit the connector center contact (~1.2cm).
6- Mount the center contact onto the center conductor 7- Mount the Insulation onto the center contact.

Insulation

IF Cable Termination

8-Insert the cable into the connector shell

9- Tighten the Lock Nut. Insure the good tighten condition using the suitable wrench

IF Cable Termination

10- Check the connector-cable continuity using multemeter.

11- Cover the outdoor connector with rubber tape.

12- Cover the rubber tape with all weather vinyl tape.

13- The connector is ready for use.

IF Cable Termination

1.4 Cable Termination 1.4.2 Power Cable Termination

Power Cable Termination

Power Cable Termination

Power Connector

Power Cable

Socket Contact

Power Cable Termination

1-Remove 3.0 to 3.5 mm of Insulation

1
2- Set the socket contact to the following position onto the hand crimping tool

Crimping Type dia. of Cable 57026-5000 1.5 to 1.8 1.8 to 2.2 57027-5000 2.3 to 2.6 2.6 to 3.1

Position 1 2 1 2 Hand Crimping tool (57026-5000)

Power Cable Termination

3- Squeeze the handle of the hand crimping tool, insert cable into socket contact

4- Cable should fit, so insulation and bare wire are arranged as shown,

5- Squeeze the handle of the hand crimping tool until ratchet is released.

Power Cable Termination

5-Squeeze the handle of the hand crimping tool until ratchet Is released

6- Insert socket contacts to power connector till they locked and be sure it is well fixed

Power Cable Termination

Power Connector The Connector is ready to use

Local Craft Terminal (LCT)

Local Craft Terminal (LCT)

Please refer the document for NEO/i LCT setup. Before connecting the LCT, you need to install the USB driver, JAVA 2 Runtime and the Dialup. Please note that do not perform the dial-up setup before the USB driver installation has not been completed.

Local Craft Terminal (LCT)

Check that the IF Cable between the Modem and the ODU is firmly connected. Before connecting the power cable connector to the Modem, check that the SEL V input voltage is -48V (within allowable range) with the digital multimeter. Pull out the power switch lever and turn ON. Confirm that the PWR indicator on the Modem is ON.

Local Craft Terminal (LCT)

The initial setup of the IDU/ODU is performed using the PC according to the following order. Equipment setup. Date and Time.

Provisioning.
Miscellaneous (Relay / Housekeeping etc).

Local Craft Terminal (LCT)

The Equipment Setup items for the SDH systems are as follows :
User Interface

Redundancy Main (Working) Sub (Prot) APS Function * Transmission Capacity Frequency Band/Sub Band TX/RX Frequency Frame ID Transmit Power Control LAN Port Usage ** LAN Port Capacity **

Note :- * For SDH APS Only ** For LAN Transmission Only.

Local Craft Terminal (LCT)

The Provisioning Setup items for the SDH systems are as follows :
BER Threshold Setting SUB Interface * SC Assignment STM-1 Setting TX Power Control ** Condition for TX/RX SW Condition for APS *** Relay Setting TCN Threshold (15min) TCN Threshold (1 Day) PMON Select Others ****

Note :- * For WS/LAN Transmission Only ** Required to set the Power control in MTPC Mode while alignment. *** For APS Configuration Only **** Optional items

Local Craft Terminal (LCT)

Antenna Orientation :
After the initial setup has been completed, antenna orientation is performed according to the following procedure
Connect to the LCT using the standard USB cable. At each station, select Maintenance mode from the LCT menu. Turn ON the Maintenance Mode 1. Select ON the Antenna Alignment Mode from the Maintenance Menu * At each station, connect the digital multimeter to the RX LEV MON jack on the ODU. At each station, adjust the azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna alternately so that the measured voltage becomes maximum.

Note:- * In order to measure the exact performance of AGC V, it is required to set the Antenna Alignment Mode ON

Pasolink Network Management Terminal (PNMTj)

PNMTj

The PNMT is a computer-based PASOLINK Network Management Terminal system developed by NEC for management of NECs PASOLINK wireless transmission network.
The PNMT is a scaled down version of PASOLINK Network Management System (PNMS) that is designed as a maintenance tool for field engineers to locally and remotely monitor alarms, control points, generate reports, and archive data, all within a familiar graphical user interface, and all in real time. This software package remotely monitors and controls the status and configuration of an entire PASOLINK network with associated equipment as well as the performance of the actual microwave links.

PNMTj
NE-Specific Menu Bar Common Menu Bar Block Diagram

Common Tool Bar

Data Window

Login User

 Title Bar The title bar of the window is used to indicate the title of the window. Common Menu Bar The common menu bar of the window presents the System and Help options, illustrates the commands that can be executed from the various options. NE-specific Menu Bar This menu is a list of tasks that can be performed to the specific network element (NE) displayed in the PNMT. Configuration, Event Log, and Link Performance Monitor functions can be executed in the NE-specific menu bar. Block Diagram The block diagram illustrates the equipment/part of the PASOLINK wireless system. Its main purpose in the window is to display the current summary alarm state of the equipment. You can click a specific block to display the status of equipment in the data window.

Text Box

Radio Button

Command Button

Tabs

Data Window This window displays in detail the status and alarm items of a specific equipment/part of the NE. You can select the tab or the block of the specific equipment/part which you want to monitor in the data window. Tabs To view the status and alarms in the specific part of the NE, click on the tab at the bottom of the Data window. Command Button The command button is used to enter the data selected on the pop-up window into the computer. Text Box This is a standard Windows dialog box where the user inputs the desired value. Login User This indicates the user currently logged-in to the PNMT.

Configuration files Downloading

Configuration files Downloading

Configuration files Downloading

This function is used to download configuration files created by the NetConfig Tool to the PM Card in the selected NE. There are two files created for each NE MIB.cfg and Network.cfg. MIB.cfg contains file contains relevant information about the equipment (i.e. name, pm type, etc.) and housekeeping (Aux. I/O). Network.cfg contains the IP address of the target NE as well as the IP address of the opposite NE and the information about the network where the target NE is located.

Click on the CONFIGURATION FILE button under the DOWNLOAD (PC>>PMC) in the PMC window to open the Download Configuration file window.

Configuration files Downloading

Select each type of config file one by one from the type window Browse and select the path location to the file selected in the type window Click execute button to download the selected config file Repeat the download procedure for the other config file. A message window indicates the status of the download operation and it will close automatically once the operation is over.

Configuration files Downloading

Configuration files Downloading

After the successful download of the configuration files, click UPDATE button. Update Configuration File window opens. Select the appropriate box for the type of configuration file(s) that will be updated. Click OK button to start the update operation. While updating CFG file, PMC to PMC communication will be lost when PMC initializes to the new system configuration. During this time, PNMT connection to the Pasolink will be lost but will be automatically be reconnected after the PMC resets.

Thanks for your Attention. Have a nice day.