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INTERMEDIO 1

(2007-2008)

Opinar sobre algo - Dar una opinin: I think / In my opinion - Pedir una opinion: What do you think? / Whats your opinion? - Asentir o disentir de una opinion: En frases afirmativas: Ej. I like english si estoy de acuerdo (+): Me too (slo al hablar, informal) / I agree / So + auxiliary + I Ej: So do I si no estamos de acuerdo (-): I dont agree / I disagree / I auxiliary + not Ej: I dont En frases negativas: Ej. I dont like films si estamos de acuerdo (-): Me neither (informal) / I agree / Neither + auxiliary + I Ej: Neither do I si no estamos de acuerdo (+): I dont agree / I disagree / I + auxiliary Ej: I do Nota: el auxiliary que se utiliza depende del verbo usado en la frase. Ej: I didnt like the film. Neither did I / I can swim. So can I / Im not hungry. Neither am I Ive been to Spain. So have I / I wouldnt like to go there. Neither would I

Subtitution: so and not - Se usa so para evitar repetir parte de una oracin despues de verbos de "pensamiento" (assume, believe, expect, guess, hope, imagine, presume, suppose, think) y tambin despus de be afraid, appear/seem and say. Ej: Will you be working on Saturday? I suppose so, unless we get everything done tomorrow - Se usa +verb + not en frases negativas con verbos: be afraid, assume, guess, hope, presume, suspect Ej: Do you think it'll rain tonight? I hope not - Se usa verb + so en frases negativas con los verbos: believe, expect, imagine, and think Ej: The children may be back, but I don't think so

Its fun: es una cosa que nos divierte: I have a good time o I enjoy myself Its funny: es una cosa que hace gracia, cmica I laugh

Think of y think about

A veces hay muy poca diferencia entre think of y think about Im thinking about/of going abroad for a year. I am thinking about/of buying a new washing machine. Se usa solo think about cuando significa considerar por ejemplo: Do you want to go to the cinema or the theatre? Im not sure. Can I think about it for a few minutes? Se usa solo think of cuando significa recordar, tener un idea opinion I cant think of the word in Spanish. What do you think of classical music? Ive thought of title for the new book!

I would like + to infinitive

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Hard, hardly I work hard: yo trabajo duro I hardly work: apenas trabajo

Been, gone Son participio del verbo go Shes been to Paris: ha estado en Pars (ha ido y vuelto de Pars) Shes gone to Paris: ha ido a Pars (est en Pars)

Much more than Mucho ms que Much more slowly

Across, down Horizontal, vertical (indicaciones para crucigramas)

Just Slo. Va antes del verbo principal. Ej: I just have something light at home (slo tomo algo ligero en casa)

Already, just Ive already had lunch (ya he comido) / Ive just had lunch (acabo de comer)

Yet, already - Yet: sin embargo (en frases afirmativas) ya (en frases interrogativas) y todava (en frases negativas). Va al final de la frase. Ej: Yet in countries such as Brazil children ... / Have you eaten yet? / I havent eaten yet - Already: ya, se utiliza en frases afirmativas para indicar que algo ha sucedido antes de ahora o de lo que se esperaba. Va antes del verbo principal. Ej: Do you want to see this film? No, Ive already seen it three times Shall I buy a newspaper? No, Ive already bought one

Todava, ya afirmativo ya todava Already I have already finished Still Im still working negativo Any more I dont have these any more Yet I havent finished yet interrogativo Yet Have you finished yet? Still Are you still working?

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Action and non-action verbs - Los verbos que describen acciones pueden usarse en presente o presente continuo (action verbs) - Los verbos que describen estados o sentimientos no se usan en presente continuo (non-action verbs) Ej: agree, be, relieve, belong, depend, forget, hate, hear, know, like, love, matter, mean, need, prefer, realize, recognize, seem, suppose. Tambien son non-action verbs los verbos bsicos sobre los sentidos (hear, see, smell, feel and taste). Con estos se usa el verbo can para referirnos algo que sucede en ese momento. Ej: I can hear a noise downstairs Nota: Hear y see pueden actuar como action verbs en forma continua pero con un significado diferente. Ej: Ive been hearing good things about you recently = I have been receiving information Im seeing James tonight = I have arranged to meet him

Present simple: I live, he works Usos: - Para hablar de hbitos, aficiones, opiniones, informacin personal, habilidades, hechos o situaciones permanentes. - Tiene significado futuro cuando se habla de horarios o agendas prefijadas Ej: We leave at midnight / What time does the train arrive? Nota: Los adverbios de frecuencia van antes del verbo principal (salvo con el verbo to be, que van despus)

Present continuous: be+verb+ing Usos: - Se utiliza para acciones en progreso en el momento de hablar. Ej: Im waiting for a friend - para arreglos o planes futuros ya fijados en tiempo o lugar, es decir, que estn ya cerrados o son definitivos (enfatiza cuando los hemos realizado nosotros) Ej: / We are meeting at six - para acciones repetitivas, con always, forever, continually para mostrar que encontramos la repeticin molesta o curiosa. Ej: You are forever forgetting your keys! - Para describir cambios y desarrollo en las cosas. Ej: Simons growing up / Hes getting taller and taller - Con el verbo be se puede utilizar para describir un comportamiento temporal. Ej: Youre not being very helpful. In fact, I think youre being very rude. Nota: Otras maneras de expresar arreglos o planes futuros: - Be due to + infinitive: para decir que algo est dispuesto o se espera (no hace falta aadir infinitive) Ej: My sister is due to arrive at 7.30 / The next train is due in five minutes - Be about to + infinitive: para decir que algo va a suceder muy pronto. Ej: My sister is about to have a baby. - Be on the point of + gerund: el significado es similar al anterior pero un poco ms formal e inmediato. Ej: It is believed that the chancellor is on the point of resigning - Be + to + infinitive: para hablar sobre arreglos o planes oficiales. Ej: It has been announced that the Prime Minister is to visit Malaysia next month

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Present perfect: have/has + pp Se utiliza para hablar de experiencias pasadas (recientes o antiguas) cuando no decimos exactamente cuando sucedieron. Tambin para situaciones que empezaron en el pasado y continan en el presente. Ej: My brother hasnt found a new job yet Nota: Se utiliza a menudo con ever (en frases interrogativas=alguna vez y en negativas=nunca) y never (en frases afirmativas=nunca). Van antes del verbo principal. Ej: Have you ever been to London? / I havent ever been to London / He never talks to anyone Se usa con yet en frases interrogativas (ya) y negativas(todava) Ej: Have you finished yet? No I havent finished yet Se usa con for para indicar perodos de tiempo (Ej: for two years) y con since para indicar un punto en el tiempo (Ej: since 1990) Se usa con How long para preguntar por la duracin de una accin o estado hasta la actualidad Ej: How long have you lived here? I have lived here since 1980 En este caso no se puede utilizar el present simple (How long do you live here? I live here since 1980)

Present perfect continuous: have/has been+verb+ing Se usa para hablar de acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y que an continan (salvo non action verbs) (Ej: I,ve been having this book since March) Tambin para acciones que han estado sucediendo y que acaban de terminar, para enfatizar su duracion o que es una accin temporal o enfatizar que an continua. Ej: He`s been working here since April / Have you been crying? No, Ive been cutting onions / Ive been waiting here all morning / Ive been staying in a hotel for the past month Nota: se utiliza con for y since en verbos de accin. Expresiones de tiempo con las que se utiliza: all day, all morning, for days, for ages, lately, recently Con live y work se puede usar el present perfect o present perfect continuous

Past simple: worked, stopped Se utiliza para acciones pasadas finalizadas cuando especificamos cuando sucedieron. Ej: They got married last year Nota: se utiliza con How long y for para hablar sobre un perodo de tiempo ya finalizado. En este caso no se puede usar since. En su lugar se utiliza from...to... Ej: How long was Hitchcock a director? He was a director for 50 years. He was a director from 1934 to...

Past continuous: was/were+verb+ing Se utiliza para describir una accin en progreso en el pasado Ej: What were you doing at six oclock last night? I was watching TV

Past perfect: had+past participle Se utiliza cuando se est hablando de una accin pasada y queremos hablar de algo anterior a sta Ej: When they turned on the TV, the match had finished

Future form (be going to+infinitivo) Usos: - para intenciones o planes futuros (no tienen caracter definitivo) Ej: They are going to buy a new car - para predicciones (en exclusiva cuando son evidentes o muy probables) Ej: Its going to rain (the sky is very dark) Nota: con el verbo go se puede suprimir el infinitivo. Ej: Im not going (to go) to New York

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Future simple: will/shall+infinitive Usos: - decisiones tomadas al hablar Ej: The phone is ringing. Ill answer it. - promesas, ofrecimientos, sugerencias Ej: I wont tell anybody were you are / Shall we eat out tonight? - predicciones o expectativas (no hay seguridad de que se cumplan) Ej: I dont think they will win. - Hechos futuros Ej: the sun will rise at 6.30 tomorrow morning - Intenciones (muy pensadas o meditadas) Ej: When Loreta retires, Ill definitely apply for her job Nota: se utiliza shall obligatoriamente con I y we al preguntar sugiriendo u ofreciendo una cosa.

Who, whom, which, that, where, whose (quien, quien (formal), que, quien/que, donde, cuyo/a) Se utilizan como pronombres relativos para personas, cosas/animales o lugares y como posesivo. Funciones: 1. Identifican a una persona o cosa. Este tipo de oraciones se llaman identifying relative clauses Ej: He is the person who/that I spoke about / The bag which/that you gave me 2. Proporcionan ms informacin sobre una persona o cosa previamente identificada. Este tipo de oraciones se llaman: non-identifying relative clauses. Van entre comas. No se puede omitir el pronombre relativo. Ej: Mr. Smith, who is one of my best friends, is in London / The book, which I hadnt read, was here / John, whose wife is a doctor, is my best friend Notas: - Se puede utilizar that en lugar de who o which excepto despues de una preposicin y de coma ( no se usa en las non-identifying relative clauses) Ej: This is the car (that/which) I paid 2000 for / This is the car for which I paid 2000 - Se puede omitir who, which o that cuando los verbos de la oracin principal y en la subordinada (relativa) tienen diferente sujeto. Ej: Hes the man (who) I met in the plane - Whom sustituye a who cuando es un complemento directo o despus de una preposicin. En general, whom se considera excesivamente formal y se utiliza poco. Ej: This is the person to whom I sold my car (formal) / This is the person who I sold my car to (speech) The man with whom I arrived (formal) / The man who I arrived with (speech)

Questions without an auxiliary No se utiliza el verbo auxiliar en preguntas en las que la palabra objeto que se pregunta acta como sujeto de la frase. Ej: Who came here? / How many people died?

Because, so Se utiliza because para indicar la razn de una accin y so para la consecuencia.

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But, although, though, even though, however, nevertheless, despite / in spite of Se usan para mostrar el contraste de dos hechos was raining Ej: It but we went to the beach (but=pero) Although it was raining, we went to the beach (although, though, even though=aunque) It was raining. However / Nevertheless, we went to the beach (however / nevertheless=sin embargo) noun phrase Ej:...the rain we went to the beach verb+ing or not verb+ing (si es frase negativa) Ej:...being raining we went to the beach clause Ej: ...it was raining we went to the beach

Despite / In spite of + Although Even though Despite / In spite of + the fact that +

Nota: although puede ir al principio o en medio de la frase. Although (formal), though(coloquial), even though (enftico)

There is/are, I can El futuro de cada forma es: there will be y Ill be able to

I think / I dont think...+ will verb Para realizar una prediccin futura en positivo (I think) y si es negativa negamos el verbo think no el verbo en futuro. Ej: I dont think he will pass the exam. NOT I think he wont pass.

(Not ) as as - We often use the modifiers almost, just, nearly and half, twice, three times, etc Ej: Our new flat is twice as big as our old one. NOT Our flat is twice bigger than our old one However, three times, etc. can be used with a comparative adjective or adverb. Ej: The holiday cost three times more than I d expected - You can use so instead of the first as in negative sentences Ej: Shes not nearly so difficult as people say - After asas we can either use a subject pronoun + auxiliary verb, or an object pronoun Ej: Shes as tall as I am or shes as tall as me

Comparative adjetives Se utilizan para comparar personas y cosas Reglas de construccin: - 1 slaba: +er (si acaba en vocal+consonante se duplica la consonante y si acaba en consonante+y se cambia y por i) Ej: bigger, lazier - Los de dos slabas que terminan en er, y, le y ow y los que tienen el acento (prosdico) en la ltima slaba forman tambin el comparativo con -er. Ej: cleverer, lazier, narrower - 2 o ms slabas: more+adjetive - Irregulares: good (better), bad (worse), far (further, farther)

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Comparative adverbs Se utilizan para comparar acciones Reglas de construccin: - Regulares: quickly, slowly... More/less + adverb + than - Irregulares: hard (harder), well (better), badly (worse), friendly (friendlier) Notas: - We use far, much, or a lot (informal) + comparative adjective or adverb for a big difference. Ej: The Frech wine is far more expensive than the South African one - We use (much / many or far or a lot more) + uncountable / plural countable noun for big differences Ej: She earns much more money than I do - We use slightly, a little, or a bit (informal) + comparative adjective or adverb for a small difference Ej: Shes a little better than she was yesterday - We use (a little / a few or slightly or a bit more) + uncountable / plural countable noun for small differences Ej: Weve only got a few more minutes before the show starts - We sometimes repeat a comparative adjective or adverb for emphasis. When the comparative is formed with more, the adjective / adverb is only used after the second more Ej: The taxi driver drove faster and faster / Its getting more and more difficult to buy a flat nowadays

Superlatives Reglas de construccin: - 1 slaba: the + adj+ est (si acaba en vocal+consonante se duplica la consonante y si acaba en consonante+y se cambia y por i) Ej: the biggest - Los de dos slabas que terminan en er, y, le y ow y los que tienen el acento (prosdico) en la ltima slaba forman tambin el superlativo con -est. Ej: laziest, cleverest, narrowest - 2 o ms slabas: the most + adj (en lugar de the se puede usar adjetivos posesivos. Ej: my best friend) - Irregulares: good (the best), bad (the worst), far (the furthest), friendly (the friendliest) Nota: - We often use by far, much, easily, nearly, almost, etc. to modify superlative adjectives or adverbs Ej: It was by far the nicest of all the hotels / Shes much the prettiest of the three children

Thethe + comparatives - We can use comparative with thethe to say that things change or vary together. When the verb in the first part is be, it can be left out. We often use more + noun in this structure. Ej: The more dangerous a sport (is), the more exciting it is to watch - When the second comparative is better, a reduced structure can be used. Ej: When do you want me to do it? The sooner the better

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Sports: play, go, do - Play: + a ball (deportes que se jueguen con una bola u otra herramienta) baseball, basketball, badminton, soccer, billiards, bowls, (table) tennis, games, chess, darts, cards, dominoes - Do: indoors sports (deportes bajo techo) aerobics, judo, gymnastics, karate, weight lifting - Go: + ing (deportes al aire libre) bowling, cycling, fishing, swimming, jogging, skiing, surfing Notas: - Cuando se asiste a clase de alguna actividad tambien se puede decir: I go to aerobics/judo/yoga/karate - You do or play sport (NOT make sport) / You play computer or other games (NOT do games) / You go skiing (NOT make skiing) / You do activities (NOT make or practise activities) - You have or play a (football) match / game (of football) - Cuando se entrena algo con intencin de mejorar se utiliza el verbo practise. Ej: I practise taking a penalty Vocabulario: To achive a personal best (conseguir marca personal) / to attend/do five training sessions a week (entrenar cinco veces por semana) / set/ break a record (establecer/batir un record) / blow a whistle (sonar el silbato) / achieve your ambitions (lograr tus objetivos) / bring on a substitute (sacar un reserva) / drop a player (sustituir a un jugador) / train hard (entrenar duro) / fail a drug test (dar positivo) /enhance your performance (mejorar su rendimiento) / enter a competition (entrar en competicin) / take the lead (ponerse por delante) / to gain/get a place in the next stage/round (pasar de ronda) / a home or away match (partido en casa o fuera) / to tackle an opponent (hacer una entrada a un contrario) / to foul an opponent (hacer falta a un contrario) / to take a penalty or a free kick (lanzar un penalti o una falta) / home ground (campo local)

Pronunciacin del pasado en los verbos Para decir el pasado de un verbo se le aade el sonido consonante /t/ o /d/ (no se le aaden slabas a la pronunciacin del presente) salvo a los verbos acabados en t y d (al pronunciar) /id/ Regla general: terminacin del infinitivo (al pronunciar) /terminacin del pasado/ (sonidos sordos) (sonidos vibrantes) (acabado en t o d) /t/ /d/ /id/ f Laughed Loved wanted p Stopped tried landed k Walked S Finished tS Watched s Missed

Cundo se duplica la consonante de los verbos Regla general: cuando son de la forma consonante+vocal+consonante Ej: get-getting

Cmo se pregunta por la apariencia, personalidad o los gustos - Appearance: se pueden usar lor verbos look y look like. Ej: What does she look like? Look + adjetive (or an age). Ej: You look tired. He looks 100 years old Look like + a noun or pronoum. Ej: He looks like me - Personality: what is she like? - Likes: what does she like? Nota: para preguntar qu opinas sobre una cosa: How do you like the office? (qu opinas de la oficina?)

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Say, tell - Say sth: decir, exponer algo, opinar, creer, expresar (sin dirigirse expresamente a alguien) - Tell me sth: decir, contar, informar de algo a alguien (una historia, noticia, hecho)

Fifteen-year-old Si va como adjetivo se pone en singular year y no years

Reflexive pronouns Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves Se usan cuando el objeto del verbo es el mismo que el sujeto. Van a continuacin del verbo. Ej: Ive hurt myself / He looked at himself in the mirror Nota: Si se utilizan para enfatizar van al final de la frase. Ej: Hes redecorated his house himself

Each other (el uno al otro) Se utiliza para dar a entender que A hace algo a B y B hace lo mismo a A Ej: We only see each other once a month

What do you call a...? Cmo llamas a...

Describing a person - Hes a bit / quite / very, really / incredibly + adjetive (de menos a ms) - He likes / loves /doesnt mind + verb + ing - He is good at + verb + ing

Distintas formas de referirse a los viajes: trip, journey, travel, tour, voyage, cruise, flight - Trip: viaje (toda la duracin de un viaje, desplazamiento y estancia) - Journey: viaje (se refiere al desplazamiento de un sitio a otro) - Travel: se utiliza como verbo (Ej: l like travelling) y como sustantivo incontable sin artculo (Ej: I like travel). Tambin para hechos histricos o picos (Ej: The travels of Marco Polo) - Tour: viaje (organizado) - Voyage: viaje (en barco o nave espacial) - Cruise: crucero - Flight: vuelo

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Saying numbers, decimals, fractions, percentages and money - cero: zero (en matemticas y hechos cientficos), nil (en deportes), love (en tenis), o (al decir un nmero), nought (UK y para nmeros decimales) - cien: a/one hundred (one es ms especfico) - 750: seven hundred and fifty - 1,500: one thousand five hundred - 75,000: seventy-five thousand - 750,000: seven hundred and fifty thousand - 1,000,000: a/one million - 7,500,000: seven and a half million - 0.5: nought point five - 3.9: three point nine - : a half - 1/3: a third - : a quarter - : three quarters - 6: six and a half - 50%: fifty per cent - 2.50: two pounds and fifty pence - $8.99: eight dollars and ninety nine cents - 3.20: three euros and twenty cents Nota: para separar los millares se utiliza la coma (comma) y para los decimales el punto (point) Vague expressions for numbers in excess of / k ses/ Somewhere in the region of Give of take Approximately / pr ks m tli/ Or so Quite a few A smattering of /smt r / A dash About / around A dollop / d l p/ Lashings / l / Oodles / u dl z/ Ms de Alrededor de (formal) Ms o menos (informal) Aproximadamente (bastante formal) O as (informal) Muchos (para indicar sorpresa o desagrado) Unos pocos Una pizca Alrededor de Pequea cantidad (cucharada) Montones Un montn (normalmente comida)

n ordinales 1st 2nd first second

3rd third 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth

21st twenty-first 22nd 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th twenty-second thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth

101st hundred and first 200th 1.000th 10.000th two hundredth thousandth ten thousandth

million, hundred, thousand Se usan en singular para decir cualquier nmero de personas o millones. Ej: one million, two million... Se usan en plural cuando queremos decir un n indefinido: Ej: millions of people, hundreds of ways...

Singular, plural irregulares: man, woman, child, person definicin hombre mujer nio persona singular man woman child person plural men women children people

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Adjetivos compuestos Hay varias maneras de formar en ingls adjetivos compuestos: a) Sustantivo + adjetivo. Ej: Blood-thirsty / Sediento de sangre Sky-blue / Azul celeste b) Adjetivo + adjetivo. Ej: Dark-Blue / Azul oscuro c) Adjetivo (o adverbio) + participio presente. Ej: Good-looking / Buen aspecto e) Sustantivo + participio presente. Ej:Hard-working / Trabajador Heart-rending / Descorazonador f ) Sustantivo + participio pasivo. Ej: Well-dressed / Bien vestido g) Adjetivo + sustantivo + ed. Ej: Well-mannered / De buenos modales Fair-haired / de pelo rubio Long-haired / de pelo largo Blue-eyed / de ojos azules Open-mouthed / con la boca abierta

Strong adjetives (ungradable) gradable angry bad big, large clever cold difficult dirty frightened, afraid funny good happy hot hungry important interesting old rare sad small surprising tasty tired ungradable furious awful enormous, huge brilliant freezing impossible filthy terrified hilarious great, fantastic delighted boiling starving crucial fascinating ancient unique miserable tiny astonishing delicious exhausted

To talk about the duration of a journey Take(+ person) + time + (+to get to)... Ej: How long does it take you to get to school? It took me just 30 minutes to get to school Ej: the bus took 30 minutes Nota: by car, by bus/underground, on foot (andando)

Cuando usamos un verbo como sujeto de una frase se pone en gerundio Ej: Travelling by car is safer than travelling by bike. Knowing this is important

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Position in the family: the oldest child, a middle child, the youngest child, an only child El hermano mayor, hermano mediano, el hermano menor, hijo nico

Para graduar un adjetivo a bit quiet very/really incredibly un poco (+ negative adjective) bastante muy increblemente

Anna is

untidy

Request (para pedir o solicitar algo), Permission (permiso) Request Would you mind + ing...? Ej: Would you mind sending me those emails? Could you + infinitive...? Ej: Could you help me? Do you think you could + infinitive...? Ej: Do you think you could send me the request by email? Can you + infinitive...? Ej: Can you come and see me when you have a moment? Permission Is it ok if I +verb (do something)...? Ej: Is it ok if I take tomorrow off? Response Of course not Sure Yes, of course Yes, of course

Yes, of course / Im sorry but...

Date (fecha) - En ingls se utilizan los nmeros ordinales (first, second, third, etc.) para expresar las fechas, a diferencia del espaol en que se emplean los nmeros cardinales (uno, dos, tres, etc.). Ej: Today is the 2nd of June / hoy es el 2 de junio - Para expresar los das utilizamos la preposicin 'on'. En cambio, para expresar meses o aos se utiliza la preposicin 'in'. Ej:You came on the 12th of May / viniste el 12 de mayo. You came in May / viniste en mayo You came in 1995 / viniste en 1995 - En ingls, a diferencia del espaol, los meses y los das se escriben con mayscula. Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December - Las estaciones del ao son: spring, summer, autumn (U.K.) fall (USA), winter - Normalmente, las fechas se escriben en el siguiente orden: mes / da / ao Ej:June, 20th 1997 / 20 de junio de 1997 March, 3rd 2001 / 3 de marzo de 2001 Podemos omitir las letras de orden (-st, -nd, -rd, -th) Ej: September 2, 1999 - Cuando leemos 14th May 1928 diremos: On the fourteenth of May 1928 - Al igual que en espaol, las fechas pueden escribirse nicamente con nmeros refiriendo mes, da y ao. En este caso, hay que tener presente que el formato de fecha USA es mes/da/ao mientras que el formato de fecha U.K. (Gran Bretaa) es, como en espaol, da/mes/ao Ej:20 de junio de 1999 USA= 6/20/1999 UK= 20/6/1999 Trminos relacionados: date = fecha calendar = calendario weekday = da de la semana working-day = da laborable holiday = festivo, vacaciones (si se refiere a un conjunto de vacaciones: holidays) day = da month = mes year = ao yesterday = ayer tomorrow = maana

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Have to, have got to, must (obligation, necessity) - Have to: se utiliza para obligaciones externas (reglas y leyes) o recomendaciones importantes Ej: I have to wear a shirt and tie at work - Have got to: se utiliza para obligaciones especficas (no generales o repetitivas) sobre todo en el hablar informal y en ingls escrito. Ej: Ive got to make a quick phone call (specific) and I have to wear a suit to work (general) - Must: para obligaciones personales o especficas impuestas por el hablante o recomendaciones importantes Ej: I must buy a new shirt, this one is too old now / you must do your homework tonight - Dont have to: cuando no hay obligacin o necesidad Ej: You dont have to go to the party if you dont want to - Mustnt / cant / be not allowed: para prohibiciones Ej: You mustnt drive along this street. Its prohibited Nota: must is a modal verb. The only forms are must and mustnt. Have to is a normal verb and it exists in all tenses. Have got to is often used instead of have to in spoken English. En este caso no se debe contraer have o has. Ej: I have to go. NOT Ive to go

Should (advice or opinion) - Should / shouldnt / ought to / ought not to / had better: cuando pensamos que una cosa se debe hacer o no (consejo u opinin). Had se suele contraer. Ej: You should take an umbrella with you / I dont think you ought to go / I think youd better talk to your teacher about it

Need (necessity) - Need / don't need + to + infinitive: para decir que algo es necesario o innecesario. Se usa para necesidades habituales, generales o especficas. Ej: You usually need to check in at least two hours before a flight leaves / I don't need to take a jacket. It's going to be hot today - Needn't + infinitive without to: cuando queremos decir que algo es innecesario slo en una ocasin especfica. Ej: You needn't lock the car. Nobody will steal it in this village. - Needn't have + past participle / didn't need to + infinitive: para decir que hicimos algo que no era necesario. Ej: We needn't have booked / didn't need to book a table. The restaurant is empty! - Didn't need to: para decir que no hicimos algo porque no era necesario. Ej: We had plenty of petrol so we didn't need to stop, which saved time.

Must, may, might, cant (deduction) - Must: cuando se esta seguro de que algo es verdad. Ej: She must have a lot of money. She drives a Porche. - May / might: cuando piensas que algo es posible. Ej: Shes not at home. She may be working - Cant: cuando ests seguro de que algo no es posible. Es lo contrario de must, no se usa mustnt Ej: He cant be ill. I saw him at the gym

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Can, could, be able to (ability or capacity and possibility) Can: es un verbo modal. Slo tiene la forma presente (can), pasado y condicional (could). Can tambin puede utilizarse con significado futuro. Para las otras formas se utiliza be able to (tiene un significado ms formal en el presente y en el pasado) Ej: I can speak spanish very well / She cant come tonight. Shes ill. / I love being able to sleep late at weekends

Describing people age Hes about 20 Hes in his forties Hes in his mid-thirties Hes in his late sixties Hes in his early seventies

=19, 20, 21 =between 41 and 49 =between 34 and 36 =between 67 and 69 =between 71 and 73

So, such - So + adj/adv...that...and the result Ej: The film was so good that l went to see it again - So + much/many + noum (uncountable/countable) = such a lot of + noum (uncountable/countable) Ej: There was so much noise (that) the players couldent concentrate / There were so many people outside the stadium (that) we couldent find each other / I had such a lot of work /such a lot of things to do - Such + a/an + adj + noum (singular countable) that... / such + adj + noum (plural or uncountable) that... Ej: It was such a good film that l went to see it again / They were such difficult exercices that... - We often use so + adjective and such + noun or noun phrase without that clause as exclamations Ej: Shes so mean! / It was such a lovely day! / Theyre such nice people! - We can use so + adj /adv at the beginning of a clause for emphasis. Subject and verb are inverted. Ej: So successful was the first night that people flocked to see the play - Such as = for example Ej: He loves winter sports, such as skiing and skating

Adjectives: -ed / -ing Forms El adjetivo acaba en "-ing" cuando alguien, o algo, es causante de la situacin a la que alude el adjetivo, mientras que acaba en "-ed", cuando algo, o alguien es el sujeto pasivo de esa situacin. Ej: Tom is interested in politics / Tom finds politics interesting He is always very tired / He has a tiring job

Future time clauses: when, as soon as, until, before, after, unless Se usan con el present simple con un significado futuro. Ej: Ill call you as soon as I arrive / Ill have lunch before l leave / You wont pass unless you study

Zero conditional: If + present simple ... present simple Se utiliza para hablar de cosas que son siempre ciertas. Ej: If I have time, I go to the gym

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First conditional: if / unless / when / as soon as + present simple ... will / wont + infinitive Se usa para situaciones reales o posibles. Se usa unless con significado de if not (a menos que) Se usa when para indicar que algo es 100% seguro. Se usa as soon as para enfatizar que un hecho sucede inmediatamente. Ej: If you dont do more work, youll fail the exam / I wont go unless she invites me / When I wake up tomorrow I will make breakfast / Ill tell him as soon as I see him Nota: se puede usar un imperativo / can / should / may, en lugar del futuro. Ej: See us next week if you have time / If you miss the bus, you can get a taxi

Second conditional: if + past simple ... would / wouldnt + infinitive Se usa para situaciones hipotticas o imaginarias en el presente o en el futuro y sus consecuencias. Ej: If l had more money, Id buy a bigger house Notas: - Podemos usar might o could en lugar de would para decir podra. Ej: If he spoke English, he could get a job in a hotel - El pasado del verbo BE puede ser were en todos los casos (obligatorio en consejos) Ej: If l were you, ld buy a new computer

Third conditional: if + had + past participle, would + have + past participle Se usa para situaciones hipotticas o imaginarias que no sucedieron en el pasado y sus consecuencias ( de haber sucedido) Ej: If I hadnt gone to that party, l wouldnt have met my wife Notas: - al hablar se hace la contraccin de would have: ~/gudev/ Ej: If one of us had stayed at home we would have met - la contraccin de had es d

May / might y may not / might not (en negativo) Se utilizan para hablar de una posibilidad futura Ej: It might / may rain Nota: En negativo no se suelen contraer. Tambien se puede utilizar para pedir permiso. Ej: May I use your phone?

Will, past simple, used to / didnt use to , would - Will se usa para hbitos actuales. Tambien se utiliza usually + present simple Ej: I usually cook in the evenings / Every day Dan will come home from work and turn on the TV - Past simple y used to se utilizan para hablar de hbitos o acciones habituales en el pasado. Ej: I had long hair when I was a child / I used to have long hair - Would se utiliza slo para acciones habituales en el pasado Ej: The servants would tie a napkin around their necks / NOT his family would have a house in Bilbao

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Be/get used to - Be used to se utiliza para hablar de situaciones o acciones a las que estamos acostumbrados. Ej: Im used to doing things by myself - Get used to se utiliza para hablar del proceso de acostumbrarse a una situacin o accin Ej: It took me quite a long time to get used to going to bed so late. Nota: el verbo que sigue acaba en ing

Passive: be + past participle - Se usa la pasiva cuando no se conoce o no es importante quin hace o hizo la accin. Se puede hacer en pasado, presente o futuro. Para decir quin hizo la accin se utiliza by Ej: Risotto is made with rice / Guernica was painted by Picasso / My car was stolen last week He cleaned the room He had cleaned the room He has cleaned the room He was cleaning the room He was going to clean the room He cleans the room He is cleaning the room He is going to clean the room He will clean the room The room was cleaned The room had been cleaned The room has been cleaned The room was being cleaned The room was going to be cleaned The room is cleaned The room is being cleaned The room is going to be cleaned The room will be cleaned

- Tambien se utiliza de manera formal en noticias de prensa, tv, etc con los verbos agree, announce, assure, believe, consider, decide, expect, explain, hope,know, report, say, suggest, tell, think, undertand, etc. Ej: They think that the company may close (creen que la compaa puede cerrar) manera informal It is thought that the company may close (se piensa que la compaa puede cerrar) manera formal - Algunos verbos como give, ask, offer, send..., a menudo tienen dos objetos (directo, indirecto) y cualquiera de ellos puede ser el sujeto de la oracin pasiva. Ej: The boss offered Mark the job: The job was offered to Mark / Mark was offered the job - Something / somebody is said to + infinitive: se dice que algo o alguien... Ej: She is said to be friendly / have been friendly (expresa anterioridad) / be smiling She was said to sing / have sung (expresa anterioridad) / be singing The company is thought to be planning a new advertising campaign

Word order of phrasal verbs Un phrasal verb es: verb + particle (preposition or adverb) - algunos no tienen objeto (no se pueden separar verbo y partcula). Ej: come in / sit down - otros tienen objeto y se pueden separar. Ej: put on your coat OR put your coat on - cuando el objeto es un pronombre va siempre entre verb y particle (salvo los que son inseparables). Ej: Heres your coat. Put it on. NOT Put on it - otros tienen objeto y son inseparables. Ej: Im looking for my keys / I look into the problem / I looked after my litle sister / I asked for it - los que tienen varias partculas son inseparables. Ej: I dont get on with my sister / Im looking forward to the party

Command, request - Command: order someone to do something (orden) - Request: ask someone to do something (peticin)

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Reported (or indirect) speech - Se usa para decir lo que otra persona dijo. Hay que cambiar el tiempo verbal - El uso de that despus de said y told es opcional - Algunos tiempos verbales no cambian: could, might, should, mustnt (aunque must>had to) Ej: You mustnt touch it. She said I mustnt toucht it - Tambin se cambiaran otros tiempos y lugares segn el contexto en el que hagamos el reported speech: now, then>at that time, today>that day, yestarday>the day before, tomorrow>the next/following day, last week>the week before, here>there, this>that... - Despues de said no se usa pronombre objeto pero si despues de told - Cuando una pregunta comienza por un verbo se utiliza asked + person y se aade if o whether - Cuando se trata de imperativos slo se puede utilizar told + person + (not) infinitive with to (no se puede utilizar said) - Cuando se trata de peticiones slo se puede utilizar asked + person + (not) infinitive with to - Other reporting verbs: agree, beg, encourage, invite, offer, promise, refuse, remind, threaten Ej: I'll give you the address. She offered to give me the address - Los siguientes verbos van seguidos de that: Add, admit, agree, comment, claim, comment, claim, complain, deny, explain, insist, mention, promise, remind, suggest Ej: Why dont you visit Boston? She suggested that I visited Boston Ej:
Direct speech I like shopping Ill phone tomorrow I met a girl here Ive broken my leg I can help you I may be late I must go What do you want? Do you like the music? Where did you go last year? Go away Dont worry Can/Could you help me? Help me, please Would you mind helping me? Do you think you could help me? Dont try to get a job You shouldn't go I'm sorry I asked you so many questions Tense change Present>past Will>would Past simple>past perfect Present perfect> past perfect Can>could May>might Must>had to question question question command command request request request Request Warning Advise Apologize for Reported speech She said (that) she liked shopping He said he would phone the next day He told me he had met a girl there He said he had broken his leg He said he could help me He said he might be late He said he had to go He asked me what I wanted He asked her if she liked the music He asked me where I stayed last year He told him to go away He told me not to worry I asked him to help me I asked him to help me I asked him to help me I asked him to help me She warned me not to try to get a job She advised me not to go She apologized for asking / having asked so many questions

Making suggestions - Why dont we... Ej: Why dont we take her to Ntre Dame? - How about... Ej: How about taking her on a boat trip? - Shall we... Ej: Shall we have lunch after that? - Lets go... Ej: Lets go somewhere really nice - What about... Ej: What about La Renaissance?

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Quantifiers Large quantities - The whole significa todo en el sentido de completo. Ej: The whole world - All (todo, todos) Hace referencia a todos los elementos de un grupo (tres o ms elementos). Va sin of antes de adjetivo+nombre. Se le puede aadir of antes de the/my/your...this/that... Obligatorio of antes de it/us/you/then Si va junto a un verbo se pone justo antes del verbo principal, despues de un verbo auxiliar (will, have,can... y de are y were) Ej: All birds lay eggs / All (of) your books are expensive / I didnt eat all of it / The trains all stop at Cardif / We usually all work on Saturdays / The visitors have all arrived / You are all late / All day (from morning to night) - Every (cada/todo, todos) Hace referencia a todos los elementos de un grupo (tres o ms). Tambin para expresar frecuencia en algo. Slo se utiliza delante de un sustantivo en singular. Ej: Every man has his price / I go to school every day (from monday to friday) - Each (cada) Hace referencia a cada elemento de un grupo de forma individual (dos o ms). Se puede utilizar como pronombre. Ej: Joe was carrying two cases,one in each hand /Each partner has an office /They each cost 30 - Too: (demasiado). Se utiliza con adjetivos. Si se utiliza con nombres hay que aadir much / many segn sean contables o incontables. Ej: I dont like this city. Its too big / Theres too much traffic / There are too many tourists - Most (la mayor parte de...). Es el superlativo de much y de many y se usa con sustantivos incontables o en plural. Delante de pronombres o cuando el sustantivo al que precede lleva 'the' o un adjetivo posesivo o demostrativo se usa 'most of'. Ej: Most people have a car / Who has most money? / Most of the country is forest - A lot of / lots of / a lot . Se puede utilizar ambos tanto para contables (verbo en plural) como incontables (verbo en singular) Ej: A lot of his work is good / Lots of his work is good / A lot of his ideas are good / Lots of his ideas are good / He eats a lot - Much (mucho). So much (tanto). Too much (demasiado). How much? (cuanto?) Se utiliza 'much' o 'a lot of' cuando el sustantivo es incontable. Ej: How much is it? / Thank you very much / As much as you can Pueden tambin emplearse expresiones como 'a great deal' (of...) y 'plenty' (of...) con el significado de 'much' Ej: I need a great deal of money to travel - Many (muchos). Su significado vara en funcin del sustantivo al que acompaa o sustituye. En frases afirmativas se utiliza 'a lot of', mientras que en frases interrogativas y negativas se utilizan alternativamente 'many' o 'a lot of'. Ej: He has been here a lot of times / He hasn't many friends 'A great many'... (muchsimos) Siempre precede a un sustantivo en plural. Ej: I have a great many friends in Madrid - Some se usa en frases afirmativas y en interrogativas cuando esperamos o queremos que nos respondan s. Ej: I have bought some bread / Would you like some biscuits? - Any se usa en frases negativas e interrogativas, en frases afirmativas con sentido negativo (despus de never, hardly, without) y en if clauses. Ej: I have not bought any bread / Have you bought any bread? / We never go anywhere / If there is anything to do, just call me En frases afirmativas significa cualquier. Ej: Bring me any book you can find - Several (varios) Ej: I have seen him several times - Enough significa bastante, en el sentido de suficiente. Cuando acompaa a un adjetivo, a un adverbio, a un participio o un verbo siempre se coloca detrs de los mismos. En cambio, cuando acompaa a un nombre se coloca delante de ste. Ej: He is strong enough / She doesnt eat enough / He has enough money

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Both / both of, neither / neither of, either / either of - Usamos both/neither/either cuando queremos decir algo de dos cosas. Ej: Both restaurants are good (not the both restaurants), Neither restaurant is expensive, We can go to either restaurant (cualquiera de los dos) - Con both of.../neither of.../either of..., necesitamos the/these/those/my/your/his/Toms... etc. Tambin se pueden usar con us/you/them. Ej: Both of these restaurants are good, Neither of the restaurants was (or were) expensive, Can either of you speak spanish? - No se necesita of despues de both pero si es necesario antes de us/you/them Ej: Both my parents are from London or Both of my parents..., Both of us were tired (both us) - Despus de neither of...el verbo puede ir en singular o plural Ej: neither of the children wants (or want) to go to bed - Se pueden usar solos both/neither/either Ej: Do you want tea or coffee? Either. I dont mind. - Both... and...: tanto... como..., tan... como... Ej: Both Ann and Tom were late, I was both tired and hungry when I arrived home - Neither...nor...: ni... ni... Ej: Neither Liz nor Robin came to the party - Either...or...: o... o... Ej: Hes either Spanish or Italian - Either/neither/both: cualquiera, ninguno, ambos, se utilizan para dos cosas y any/none/all para ms de dos. Ej:There are many good hotels. You can stay at any of them

Small quantities - Little: Tiene un sentido negativo (poco) mientras que a little tiene un sentido ms positivo y equivale a 'algo de...'. Se utiliza siempre con sustantivos incontables. Ej: We have little time left / I have a little money Adems little significa pequeo, y tambin se emplea para formar los diminutivos Ej: A little child / un nio pequeo (de edad) Cuando nos referimos en cambio al concepto de pequeo en dimensiones, empleamos 'small' Ej: This is a small child / es un nio pequeo (de estatura) - Few: Tiene un sentido negativo (pocos). 'A few' tiene un sentido ms positivo y equivale a 'algunos' o unos cuantos. Siempre seguido de un sustantivo en plural. Ej: There are few books on the table / Give me a few cigarettes Very little and very few (muy poco) Ej: Hurry up. We have very little time / I have very few close friends Zero quantity - No/ none: se usa en frases negativas cortas o en frases afirmativas con sentido negativo. En frases negativas se usa any en su lugar. A continuacin de no va un nombre (no money, no children) Ej: Who is in the bathroom? Nobody / Nobodys in the bathroom I bought no potatoes yesterday / No compr patatas ayer How much money do you have? None. / There isnt any room in the car people things places somebody someone something somewhere anybody anyone anything anywhere nobody no one nothing nowhere

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Articles: the, no article El ingls tiene una sola forma de artculo determinado: the man, el hombre; the girls, las chicas. 1. Este artculo no se contrae con ninguna preposicin: The door of the hall, la puerta del vestbulo. 2. Su pronunciacin presenta diferencias: a) Antes de consonante se pronuncia de: the lamp, la lmpara (de lmp) b) Antes de vocal se pronuncia di: the enemy, el enemigo (di nemi) 3. Se usa: a) Cuando hablamos de algo que ya hemos mencionado: I saw a man with a dog, and the dog... b) Cuando una cosa es nica: The moon goes round the sun c) Cuando esta claro a lo que nos referimos: He opened the door d) Con sitios en una ciudad (cinema, theater...): Im going to the cinema 4. Se omite: a) Con plurales e incontables cuando se habla en sentido general: Women talk more than men b) Con las partes del cuerpo y los objetos de uso personal. En su lugar se utilizan los adjetivos posesivos (my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their): Give me your hand / He put his tie on c) Delante de nombres de materia: Glass is transparent, el cristal es transparente. d) Delante de los nombres de las estaciones, los meses los das de la semana y comidas: Winter in Bariloche is wonderful / I am giving a party next Sunday / We have tea at 5 o'clock e) Delante de nombres abstractos: Life is beautiful (pero, en cambio: The life of Napoleon) f) Con nombres propios y ttulos seguidos de nombres: King Louis / Queen Elizabeth II g) Idiomas, fiestas, deportes (tomados en sentido general): I speak Spanish / I like Christmas h) Antes de next / last + days, week, etc: See you next Friday

i) Con algunos nombres: home, work, school, church despus de at / to / from: She is at home

Article: a / an El ingls tiene una sola forma de artculo indeterminado: a book, un libro; a table, una mesa. 1. Adopta la forma an delante de palabras que empiezan con sonido voclico: an apple, una manzana; an orange, una naranja. 2. Existen, no obstante, palabras que empezando con vocal piden el artculo a por presentar esa vocal un sonido semivoclico: a University, una universidad; a European magazine, una revista europea. 3. Existen 4 palabras que comienzan con h muda y llevan el artculo an: an hour, una hora; an heir, un heredero; an honour, un honor; an honest boy, un muchacho honesto. Para los derivados de estas 4 palabras se aplica la misma regla. 4. El plural o, si se quiere, la idea de varios, se expresa con los indefinidos some y any: I see some books, veo unos libros. 5. Se usa: a) La primera vez que se menciona una cosa: I saw a man with a dog b) Cuando se dice como es una cosa: Its a nice house c) En nombres de religin, nacionalidad y profesin: Helen is a catholic / George is an Englishman, Charles is a doctor. 6. En expresiones de frecuencia: three times a week

Stop fighting: dejar de luchar Stop to fight: parar para luchar

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Dcadas: 1960s (the sixties) ,1970s (the seventies), 1980s (the eighties)... Para referirnos por escrito a los 60 o a la dcada de los 60: 1960s o the sixties Ej: Its set in the 1960s (est ambientado en los sesenta)

Movies (pelculas) Movie genres Cartoon Comedy Documentary Erotic Historical Horror Mistery Musical Political Romantic Science-fiction Thriller War Western Dibujos animados Comedia Documental Ertico Historia Terror Misterio Musical Poltico Romntico Ciencia ficcin Policiaco Guerra Oeste

- Para preguntar que actor protagoniza una pelcula: (actors) Ej: Whos in it? It / the film stars Brad Pitt (la protagoniza Brad Pitt) - Para preguntar cuando o dnde est ambientada: (time / place) se utiliza el presente Ej: When is it set? Its set in the 1950s / Where is it set? Its set in New York - Para preguntar cuando o dnde est filmada se utiliza el pasado Ej: When / where was it filmed? Its was filmed on location in Sicily - El verbo star tiene dos significados: presentar como protagonista, protagonizar una pelcula (star in) Ej: Kill Bill stars Uma Thurman / Uma Thurman stars in Kill Bill

Try + infinitive / try + gerund - Try + to + infinitive sugiere que la accin del infinitivo is difcil y es posible que la persona no llegue a realizar la accin: Ej: Try to open the window. I can't because I'm not very strong and it has recently been painted. - Try + gerund sugiere que la accin del gerundio no es compleja pero desconocemos si la consecuencia de esa accin ser lo que buscamos o deseamos: Ej: A: Phew! It's hot in here! B: Try opening the window. Although it's probably just as hot outside!

Miss / lose Miss: perder (transporte, oportunidad, familiar) Lose: perder (objeto)

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Have/get something done - have/get somebody to do something - Have/get something done: se utiliza cuando te hacen un trabajo o servicio. Ej: Mark usually has his suits cleaned at Superclean / You should have your car serviced regularly / Susan is having a new garage built / Mary is having a new cooker installed / I had my hair cut (me cort el pelo) / I got my car mended (repar el coche) / Wher did you have your hair cut? / Mark doesnt have his suits cleaned - For unpleasant happenings: cuando sufres o te sucede algo. Ej: She had her house broken into / Tim had his arm broken playing rugby - Have/get somebody to do something: se utiliza cuando consigues que alguien te haga algo solicitado. Ej: They got the government to introduce tougher laws / He got the directors to agree to help / I got my company to pay the bill

Mr / Ms / Mrs (tratamientos) Miss [m s].- Srta (soltera) Mrs ['m s s].- Sra (casada) Ms [m z, m z].- Sra ( no especifica si est casada o no) Mr ['m st ].- Sr (no especifica si est casado o no)

Have/has got - I have (I've) got" y "I have" significan exactamente lo mismo: Yo tengo, t tienes , l tiene, etc. No confundir esta estructura con el "present perfect", en este caso, es el "presente" del verbo "tener". - La estructura "have/has got" slo se puede utilizar en el tiempo "the simple present". Para el pasado y otros tiempos verbales hay que utilizar necesariamente el verbo "have". Ej: I dont have = I havent got / I didnt have a dog pero no I hadnt got a dog

- Cuando "have" se utiliza como verbo "tomar/desayunar/comer, etc." tampoco se puede utilizar "have/has
got". Por ejemplo se dice: "I have dinner" pero no "I have got dinner"

Friend of (mine, yours...): amigo mo, amigo tuyo... ojo: no se dice friend of me, friendo of you

Professions -er leader composer designer footballer painter photographer presenter lawyer plumber teacher writter -or actor conductor director inventor sculptor doctor professor tailor -ian politician musician librarian electrician paediatrician -ist physicist cyclist guitarist scientist violinist economist artist chemist journalist psychologist typist others accountant chef cook policeman milkman postman

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Sitting at the desk / at the table Sentado en el escritorio / a la mesa

In the beginning, ...

At the beginning of sth, ...

Luck Hard luck Little bit of luck Pushing luck Good luck Bad luck To strike it lucky Lucky star To take pot luck Down of luck To try luck Mala suerte (referida a un conjunto de cosas) Poquito de suerte Tentando la suerte Buena suerte Mala suerte Tener un golpe de suerte Buena estrella Echarlo a suerte Desafortunado Probar suerte

What (relative pronoun) A menudo se usa como pronombre relativo con el significado de lo que (la cosa o cosas las cuales) Ej: I cant hear what youre saying

Making adjetives and adverbs from nouns Noum + adjetive - adjetive Luck Fortune Comfort Patience care Lucky Fortunate Comfortable Patient Careful Unlucky Unfortunate Uncomfortable Impatient Careless

+ adverb Luckily fortunately comfortably Patiently Carefully

- adverb unluckily Unfortunately uncomfortably Impatiently carelessly

Question tags Se utilizan para confirmar algo que hemos dicho. Tiene el significado de no es as? o verdad? Ej: Your names Maria, isnt it? / Theres some milk in the refrigerator, isnt there?

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Indirect questions ( Could you tell me... ? / Do you Know...? / Can you remember...? Es una forma educada de preguntar. Si la pregunta comienza con un verbo auxiliar se aade if o whether despus de Could you tell me...? / Do you know...? Ej: Could you tell me where the bank is? / Do you know if this train goes to Victoria? Nota: el orden del sujeto y el verbo cambian respecto a una direct question. Ej: Wheres the bank? (direct question) / Could you tell me where the bank is? (Not:...where is the bank?) Does this train go to Victoria? (direct question) / Could you tell me if this train goes to Victoria?

Purpose (for, to, so that, in order to) - For: se utiliza para describir un propsito cuando va seguido de un nombre (especialmente con verbos de accin) Ej: I went to the shop for some milk - To: se utiliza para describir un propsito cuando va seguido de un verbo. Ej: Jim went to the station to meet his parents - So (that) + (present simple or can): para describir un propsito habitual Ej: Bill wears thick socks in bed so that his feet dont get cold I leave the window open so that the cat can get in and out - So (that) + (will or present simple): para describir un propsito futuro Ej: Well take an umbrella so that we wont get wet / Well take an umbrella so that we dont get wet - So (that) + [(would or past simple) or could]: para describir en el pasado un propsito futuro Ej: We took an umbrella so that we wouldnt get wet / We took an umbrella so that we didnt get wet Dora left class early so that she could go to the dentist - In order to: se utiliza al hablar formalmente y al escribir. Ambos verbos deben tener el mismo sujeto. Ej: The President made a speech in order to explain the policy Notas: - cuando los verbos tienen diferente sujeto no se puede utilizar el infinitivo de propsito (to). En este caso se utiliza so (that) + can/could Ej: Helen played the piano to entertain her friends (mismo sujeto) Helen played the piano so that everyone else could dance (diferente sujeto) - la negacin de in order to es in order not to

INTERMEDIO 2

(2008-2009)

Hope, expect, wait - I'm hoping [that] you come = deseo/ojal que puedas venir (esperanza, deseo) - I'm expecting you to come = cuento con que vengas (expectativa, previsin) - Im waiting for you to come = estoy esperando a que llegues/vengas (accin de esperar)

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Humour, mood - Humor is the sense of humor one has. Ej: The English humor differs greatly from the spanish sense of humor - Mood is a temporary state. Ej: I am in a bad mood today

Program, programme - Program: programa (informtica) - Programme: programa (radio, television)

Deal with problems - Whats the matter?: Qu pasa? - Whats the problem?: Cul es el problema?

Future possibility (certain, probable, possible) - Certainly/definitely: + New technology will certainly/definitely change our lives - New technology certainly/definitely wont solve our problems - Probably: + It will probably arrive in Japon first - It probably wont be cheap

- May/might/could: + Customer may/might/could find it difficult to use

- They may not/might not understand it Nota: en las frases afirmativas los adverbios van detrs del auxiliar y en las negativas por delante

Prefixes un = not re = again ex = previous mis = wrong dis = not uninteresting, unusual, unsatisfied, undecided, unfair rearrange, review ex-boyfriend mispronounced, misheard, misunderstanding dislike, disappear, disobedient, dissatisfied

Uncountables - News: va con el verbo en singular (incontable). Ej: The news is on (estn dando las noticias) - Police: va con el verbo en plural (nombre plural). Ej: The police are coming (viene la polica)

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Time linkers - As soon as: (tan pronto como) Ej: As soon as they met, they fell in love Cuando queremos indicar que algo sucede durante un intervalo de tiempo se utilizan while o as. - While: (mientras) Ej: Kate phoned while you were having a bath - As: (mientras) Ej: As I was driving to Cornwall, the countryside became more beautiful and green Cuando queremos indicar que algo sucede en acciones simultneas o en un determinado momento se utilizan by the time, when o the moment. - When: (cuando) Ej: I thought of it (just) when you opened your mouth - The moment: (en el momento) Ej: The moment I found the bag, I phoned the police - By the time: (por el tiempo) Ej: I was ill by the time he left his old job

Stuff, thing Cuando nos referimos a algo sin nombrarlo, como cosa, se utilizan stuff (incontables) y thing (contables) Ej: Its the stuff you find under the grass (mud=tierra) Its something you use for cleaning the house (vacuum cleaner)

Relationship (couples) - Boyfriend girlfriend: novio novia (al salir juntos) - Fianc fiance: prometido prometida (cuando hay compromiso) - Bridegroom bride: novio novia (el da de la boda) - Husband wife: marido mujer (una vez casados)

Verbs followed by the infinitive - Afford, agree, arrange, ask, appear, attempt, choose, decide, expect, happen, help, hope, intend, learn, manage, need, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, threaten Notas: Van seguidas de infinitivo: - Expresiones con cuantificadores: enough, too much, a lot, plenty of, etc. - Adjetivos: amazed, certain, difficult, disappointed, easy, free, glad, happy, likely, pleased, possible, simple, sure, surprised Ej: The recipe is simple to follow - Despus de something, anywhere, etc. - Despus de superlativos y first, second, last. Ej: Who was the first person to walk on the moon? - Cuando nos queremos referir al sujeto del verbo en infinitivo se usa: for + person or object pronoun. Ej: Its very difficult for me to decide Van seguidos de infinitivo sin to: - Had better, let, would rather - Make somebody do something

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Verbs followed by ing - Admit, Avoid, be worth, cant help, cant stand, consider, deny, dislike, enjoy, fancy, imagine, involve, keep, mind, miss, practise, prevent, recollect, regret, report, resist, risk, suggest - All the verbs that means like or dislike: love, like, hate, dislike... - Verbos con el significado de empezar, acabar, continuar, parar, posponer, retrasar: start, beging, finish, continue, go on, keep, stop, postpone, delay, put off, give up - Verbos de percepcin: see, watch, notice, feel, hear, smell cuando se expresan como parte de un hecho. Ej: I noticed a man acting in a strange way - Se usa el gerundio despus de algunas expresiones que contienen it o there. Ej: Theres no point asking him / Its no use worrying Excepciones: - Start, begin, continue pueden ir seguidos del infinitivo, especialmente si estan en forma continua, para evitar dos verbos seguidos con ing. Ej: It is starting to rain - Stop, go on, van seguidos de infinitivo cuando una actividad se termina o continua para hacer otra Ej: She went on to become a doctor / Roger stopped to have a cup of tea - Verbos de percepcin anteriores van seguidos de infinitivo sin to cuando expresan un hecho en su totalidad. Ej: I heard my sister come in at 1 a.m.

Like, mind, fancy - Like: va seguido de verbo+ing excepto cuando se usa auxiliar que va seguido de to +verbo Ej: I like playing football / I would like to play football - Mind y fancy: siempre van seguidos de verbo+ing Ej: I dont mind playing football / I wouldnt mind playing football / Would you fancy going to the cinema? Nota: cuando se expresa no lo que a uno realmente le gusta o desagrada, sino lo que uno considera ms razonable o prefiere, no se utiliza el gerundio sino el infinitivo. Ej: I like to go to the dentist once a year

Verbs followed by either infinitive with to or ing with change of meaning Verb Forget Mean Regret Remember Stop Try Infinitive with to Obligacin personal que hay que hacer Tener la intencin de Sobre algo que tienes que hacer La accin a recordar es posterior Parar una accin para hacer otra cosa Hacer un esfuerzo para conseguir algo -ing Sobre un hecho pasado o una promesa Implicar, significar Sobre un hecho pasado Sobre un hecho pasado Dejar de hacer algo Sugerir hacer algo, experimentar

I prefer working to relaxing: prefiero trabajar que descansar I would prefer to work than to relax: preferira trabajar a descansar

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To fit, to suit, to look good/awful on sb (clothes) - Fit: quedar bien en el sentido de valer. The dress doesn't fit very well - Suit: sentar bien, favorecer. Ej: That doesn't fit you, but the color certainly suits you! - Look good/awful on sb: sentar bien/mal a alguien. Ej: Would these sunglasses look good on someone with a round face?

Expresiones que llevan el verbo DO activities a job business crosswords exercise ones duty repairs science, law the ironing the shopping the washing up well your homework positive things your best a favour justice wonders some one good (help) well a service negative things damage harm worse / worst evil wrong

Expresiones que llevan el verbo MAKE report in words a confession an excuse an offer a speech a request enquires demand guess deciding or plannig an appoinment preparations arrangements plans decisions a choice advancing progress an effort the best of the most of a difference to a success of a profit money friends with negative things a mistake work for others trouble for attacks on a fuss activities the bed a trip / journey voyage a search for

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Alone, by yourself, on your own, lonely - Alone: slo (sin ms compaa) Ejm: I live alone - By yourself: implica hacer algo por t mismo, slo. Ejm: I usually do my homework by myself - On your own: por tu cuenta Ejm: I am an indepent person. I do all on my own - Lonely: solitario, slo (es un sentimiento) Ejm: He was a lonely person

Aisle, corridor (pasillo) - Aisle: en una iglesia, avin, supermercado - Corridor: en un edificio, oficina

Do the shopping, go shopping, go window shopping - Do the shopping: hacer la compra (supermercado, pescado...) - Go shopping: ir de compras (ropa, muebles...) - Go window shopping: ir de escaparates

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Instructions to get to a place: indicaciones Para preguntar How can I get to...? Could you tell me where ... is? Would you mind telling me the way to... Para responder Go straight on Keep going down the street Go down the street Go past ... Turn left/right at ... Take the firs/second/... turn left/right When you get to... Go across (the river, bridge...) Go round The street that runs along this one on the left / right Round the corner Near / close to... By / next to... Opposite In front of Take the road (by car) Intersection Zebra/pedestrian crossing Side street Seguir todo recto Seguir por la calle Seguir por la calle Pasa... Torcer a la izquierda/derecha en ... Coger la 1/2... bocacalle a la izquierda/derecha Cuando llegues a... Cruzar Rodear La calle que corre paralela a esta a la izquierda A la vuelta de la esquina Cerca de... Junto a... En frente de Delante de Coger la carretera Cruce Paso de peatones Calle lateral

In hospital, in the hospital, at hospital - In hospital (enfermo) - In the hospital / at hospital (de visita) Nota: in American English- in the hospital (enfermo)

Make, let, allow - Make: obligar a alguien a hacer algo: make + person + verb Ej: Semco makes the workers take holidays - Let: permitir hacer algo a alguien: let + person + verb No se puede usar en forma pasiva Ej: Semco lets its workers use the companys machines - Allow: permitir hacer algo a alguien: allow + person + to + verb Ej: Semler allowed the workers to set their own salaries

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Adverbs - Adverbs of manner: modifican a los verbos. Describen la forma en que algo sucede. Ej: She talked quietly / Drive carefully! - Adverbs of frequency / probality: describen la frecuencia o probabilidad de que algo suceda. Ej: She usually comes to my house on Fridays / She will probably arrive at six oclock - Adverbs of degree: suavizan o enfatizan al verbo. Ej: I really want to leave now / Im completely confused - Adverbs to describe your attitude Ej: Interestingly, she didnt phone back / Surprisingly, he waited until the bus had left (not) surprisingly (un)fortunately actually basically clearly completely definitely hopefully obviously personally probably really Exactly possibly Certainly sorprendentemente desafortunadamente realmente fundamentalmente claramente completamente definitivamente con un poco de suerte obviamente personalmente probablemente verdaderamente exactamente quizs, posiblemente desde luego
[s 'pra z ['f :t ['kt

l ]

soprasinli ftchinat-li tchuli bisikli cleli complit-ly dfinit-li jopfuli bviusli pesonali prbebli Reli igskly Psibli setenli

n tl ] l]

['be s kl ] ['kl

l ]

[k m'pl :tl ] ['def n tl ] ['h [' bv

pf l ] sl ]

['p :s n l ] ['pr b bl ] ['r

l ]

[ g'zktl ] ['p s bl ] ['s :t nl ]

Containers bunch packet jar can bottle carton tin bar box tube ramo paquete tarro, bote lata botella cartn, tetrabrik lata (conservas) tableta caja tubo
a bunch of flowers

a packet of cigarettes a jar of honey a can of coke a bottle of orange squash a carton of milk a tin of biscuits a bar of chocolate a box of chocolates a tube of toothpaste

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Brand, make - Brand: se utiliza para ropa, comida... - Make: se utiliza para coches, electrodomsticos...

In the sea, in the sky, on the land

Linking words On the whole, generally speaking For example, for instance Unfortunately, sadly Except for, apart from Of course, obviously Another point in its favour, a further advantage Although, even though Actually, in fact However, on the other hand Also, in addition A further disadvantage, another drawback Despite, in spite of Taking everything into consideration, all things considered As I see it, personally speaking I think, I believe To conclude, in conclusion En general Por ejemplo Desafortunadamente Excepto, aparte de Por supuesto Una ventaja ms Aunque De hecho Sin embargo Tambin Otro inconveniente A pesar de Teniendo en cuenta todo Personalmente Creo En conclusin Generally speaking, people in... ...leeds or liverpool, for instance Sadly, people spend... ...,apart from the occasional... Obviously, the cultural... A further advantage is the cheap... Although there are... In fact, a holiday... ..., however, we will try... ...can also be better... Another drawback is the fact... But despite these things... All things considered, the city... ..., but personally speaking, it... I think any holiday can... In conclusion, to gain...

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UK and US English UK bill chips film flat football holiday lift mobile phone motorway / main road pavement petrol post return ticket secondary school shopping centre toilet underground US check fries movie apartment soccer vacation elevator cell phone freeway /high way sidewalk gas mail round trip high school mall restroom subway cuenta (restaurante) patatas fritas pelcula piso ftbol vacaciones ascensor telfono mvil autopista acera combustible correo billete de ida y vuelta enseanza secundaria centro comercial cuarto de bao metro

I wish / If only - wish + past simple: cuando hablamos de cosas imaginarias que nos gustaran en el presente. Ej: I wish I was/were stronger / He wishes he had a sister - wish + past perfect: cuando hablamos de cosas imaginarias que nos habran gustado en el pasado. Ej: I wish I had gone to bed early yestarday - wish + could: cuando hablamos de habilidades que nos gustara tener. No se suele usar en negativo. Ej: She wishes she could drive - wish + would: cuando nos gustara que algo o alguien cambiara. A menudo para mostrar enojo o enfado. No vale para uno mismo. Ej: I wish they would be quiet! / I wish the bus would come / I wish I would... - if only: se puede utilizar en lugar de I wish cuando se quiere enfatizar. Ej: If only I could dance! / If only you hadnt left your bag on the bus!

Phrases with change Change of heart To change career To change the subject To change my/your/his.../ mind To make a change For a change Cambio de opinin Cambiar de trabajo Cambiar de tema Cambiar de opinin Ser un cambio Para variar, cambiar

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Food fish&seafood
anchovy bream clam cod hake lobster mussel oyster prawn salmon sardine shark squid trout tuna anchoa besugo almeja bacalao merluza langosta mejilln ostra gamba salmn sardina tiburn calamar trucha atn apple apricot banana blackberry cherry cranberry fig grape grapefruit kiwi lemmon lime melon olive orange peach pear pineapple plum raspberry strawberry tangerine watermelon

fruit
manzana albaricoque banana mora cereza arndano higo uva pomelo kiwi limn lima meln aceituna naranja melocotn pera pia ciruela frambuesa fresa mandarina sanda bacon beef chicken cold meat duck ham hamburger lamb pork rabbit sausage turkey veal

meat
bacon vaca pollo embutido pato jamn hamburguesa cordero cerdo conejo salchicha pavo ternera bean

vegetables
aubergine cabbage carrot cauliflower celery courgette cucumber garlic green bean leek lettuce mushroom onion pea pepper potato spinach tomato berenjena alubia berza zanahoria coliflor apio calabacin pepino ajo vaina puerro lechuga champion cebolla guisante pimienta patata espinacas tomate

Taste and texture (food) taste bitter bland salty spicy sweet tasty amargo soso salado pcante dulce sabroso chewy creamy crisp crunchy greasy slimy texture gomoso cremoso crujiente triscante grasiento viscoso

AVANZADO1

(2009-2010)

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Cleft sentences (and pseudo cleft) The usual word order for a sentence in english is: sub ject I verb like object your sense of humour (adverbial phrase) (most of all)

However, in order to emphasize that we like his sense of humour (more than anything else about him), we can use a cleft sentence that begins with: - it+ be + emphasized tem + relative clause Ej: It is your sense of humour that I like most about you - a what clause + the verb be+ emphasized item Ej:What I like most (about you) is your sense of humour If the emphasized item is a clause we introduce the words the fact that: Ej: It was fhe fact that they called the police that upset us What upset us was the fact that they called the police Cleft sentences It + be + spotlighted information + that or who The spotlighted information can be: - subject: Julia phoned us on Saturday It was Julia who phoned us on Saturday - adverbial: Julia phoned us on Saturday It was on Saturday that Julia phoned us (when or where instead of that in informal English) - direct object: Julia phoned me on Saturday It was me that Julia phoned on Saturday - indirect object: You gave the file to Mary It was to Mary that you gave the file It was Mary (that) you gave the file to - sub clause: We phoned them in order to cheer up Julia It was in order to cheer up Julia that we phoned them NEVER verb: It was (to) cheer up Julia that we phoned them Pseudo-cleft sentences Question word + information + be + spotlighted information - What-clauses: (=the thing) The spotlighted information can be: - subject: What drove us crazy was the noise - direct object: What he needs is a good shake up - complement: What she really feels is profound disappointment - verb: What she did was (to) call her boss, what I meant to do was to post... - What happens is.../ What happened was...: (to emphasize an event or sequence of events) - What happens is (that) you do a test and then you have an interview - All clauses: (= the only thing) - All I want is to travel / All I did was touch it - Clauses with other question words: - adverbial: The day when you may see him is on Sunday The place where you can see him is his office - subject: The person who phoned us was Julia - indirect object: Who you should really give the gardening prize to is Peter The person (who/that) you should really give the gardening prize is Peter - subordinate: The reason why we came late was that / because we had to finish the work ourselves (Why we came late is because we had to finish the work ourselves)

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damage / harm / hurt / injure / wound (verbs) Damage: It is things that are damaged, not people. Damage is the physical harm that is caused to an object. More abstract qualities, such as reputations and the economy can also be damaged. Compare the following: - When he got home, he discovered that the vase he had bought had been damaged. - If he continues drinking like that, his reputation as a defence lawyer will be damaged. Harm: People OR things can be harmed or physically damaged: - The bank robbers were anxious not to harm anyone. - Without doubt, the burning of fossil fuels harms the environment in which we live. Hurt: If part of your body hurts, you feel pain there. If you hurt someone, you cause them to feel pain. Note that verbs that refer to physical feelings (hurt, ache, etc) can often be used in simple or progressive tenses with no difference in meaning: - Have you been knocked over? Tell me where it hurts / it's hurting. ~ My arm hurts. - You're hurting my arm. Ouch! Don't touch me. That hurts! Injure: In the sentence describing people suffering from shock above, hurt could be replaced by injured. If you injure somebody, you cause physical damage to part of their body usually the result of an accident or through fighting: - A number of bombs have exploded, seriously injuring scores of people. - The demonstrators injured a number of innocent people when they started throwing stones. Wound: If you wound somebody, you inflict physical damage on part of their body, especially a cut or a hole in their flesh caused by a gun, a knife or some other weapon, often in battle. - There was no escape. They were mortally wounded by the enemy fire. - The driver of the Red-Cross ambulance was wounded by the shrapnel.

At first..., First... - at first: se traduce como Al principio... tiene un carcter temporal y sirve para contrastar una situacin o la consecuencia de ello. Ej: At first, I thought she was german but now I know she is english - first: sirve para enumerar u ordenar una secuencia de acciones, instrucciones, etc Ej: First, you will open your books

Posicin de los adverbios y expresiones dentro de las frases - adverbios como: eventually, finally, initially, subsequently, etc, se pueden poner en la posicin A,B,C. - expresiones con preposicin como: At first, at the beginning, etc, pueden ir en A en C. Ej: (A) I (B) said no (C)

Cuando no conocemos la identidad de una persona y queremos decir el posesivo Utilizamos their en lugar de his o her (aunque sea 3 persona singular) Ej: Which speaker began their (his or her) collection at university? If a person has lost their bag...

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Beginning and ending a letter

- If you know the person you are writing to very well or are on friendly terms, begin simply with the first

name, Dear Mary or Dear Henry and finish it with Kind Regards or Best wishes.
- If you don't know the person you are writing to so well, but know of him as a named individual, start with

title and surname: Dear Mr Potter or Dear Dr Baker or Dear Miss Taylor or Dear Mrs Cook or Dear Ms Barber. If you are not sure which of the last three titles is appropriate in any particular case, it is probably best to stick to Ms.
- Finish this type of letter with Yours sincerely. It is not necessary to insert a comma after beginnings or

endings. If you know the person you are writing to well, it may be appropriate to insert a closing formula, such as With very best wishes, before the ending itself.
- Sign the letter with your first name, if you are on first-name terms, or with your full name, if it needs to be a

little more formal, but without any title. Your full typewritten name and designation (on separate lines) should appear beneath your handwritten signature. - If you do not know the name of the person you are writing to, begin with Dear Sir or Dear Sir or Madam or Dear Madam and end your letter with Yours faithfully, followed by your full name and designation.

Avoid, prevent - To avoid: esquivar, eludir, evitar algo cuando se presenta. Ej: You should avoid seeing her - To prevent: prevenir, impedir, evitar que algo se pueda realizar Ej: You should prevent her from seeing you

Another, other - Another is used with singular nouns, other with singular or plural. Ejs: There are other jobs you could try / Where's the other packet of cereals? / Is there any other bread? / Have another cup of tea.

This, these, that, those singular this plural these that those

close to the speaker more distant to the speaker (in space or time)

Keep + verb + -ing Se utiliza para hablar de comportamientos repetitivos. Ej: Your newspaper keeps publishing this type of sensationalist journalism

Excepciones de verbos + to + ing Object, admit, confess, be used, get used, look forward to Ej: I got used to driving on the left

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Be/get used to - Be used to se utiliza para hablar de situaciones o acciones a las que estamos acostumbrados. Ej: Im used to doing things for myself - Get used to se utiliza para hablar del proceso de acostumbrarse a una situacin o accin Ej: It took me quite a long time to get used to going to bed so late. Nota: el verbo que sigue acaba en ing

Relative clauses (defining & non-defining relative clauses) Hay dos tipos de oraciones de relativo: 1. Defining relative clauses (oraciones de relativo especificativas) Identifican o describen al sujeto de la oracin principal y son necesarias para que sta tenga sentido. - Para referirse a personas utilizamos los pronombres relativos who o that. Ej: You are the only one who gets upset about it. - Para referirse a cosas o animales utilizamos which o that. Ej: The book which was on the desk is mine - Se usa that despues de: superlativos all, something, someone, anyone, everything, etc Ej: Everything that I have is yours - El pronombre relativo actua como sujeto u objeto en la oracin relativa. Cuando actua como objeto se puede omitir. Ej: She is the girl (that / who) he met in the pub - Podemos unir oraciones con whose para sustituir a his, her o its: Ej: Look at that girl. Her brother is a footballer. -> - Look at that girl whose brother is a footballer. - Para referirse a lugares utilizamos adverbio relativo where. Ej: This is the station where (=at which) we get off. - Para referirse a un punto en el tiempo utilizamos el adverbio relativo when. Ej: There were one or two days when (=on which) they found themselves prisoners in the cottage. - Se usa what con el significado de 'the thing(s) that' o 'the stuff that'. What es como un nombre + un pronombre relativo juntos. No se usa what detrs de all, everything or nothing. - Ej: I gave her what she needed / Everything that I have is yours - Oraciones de relativo especificativas con el adverbio relativo why. Ej: Surely the reason why he stole the money is obvious, isn't it? - Oraciones de relativo especificativas con el adverbio relativo before. Ej: On the evening before they were due to leave, Arthur telephoned his mother. - Oraciones de relativo especificativas con el adverbio relativo after. Ej: It began to rain during the week after they arrived. 2. Non-defining relative clauses (oraciones de relativo explicativas) Dan informacin adicional sobre el sujeto de la oracin principal pero no son necesarias para que esta tenga sentido. - Se pone coma antes del pronombre relativo que nunca se puede omitir. - Para referirse a personas utilizamos who y para animales o cosas which. No se usa that. Ej: My father, who is a bank clerk, lives in Jan / Arthur went to the main hall, which was empty

Participle clauses Pueden ser de dos tipos: - -ing participle clauses: se usan para reemplazar relative clauses que tengan verbos activos. Ej: People suffering from the syndrome (=who are suffering from the syndrome) become obsessed Its incomprehensible to ordinary people living their normal lives (=who live normal lives) Hearing the shot, Mark rushes into the house (=When he hears the shot) - -ed participle clauses: se usan para sustituir relative clauses que tengan verbos en pasiva. Ej: Tv stars dropped for putting on weight often suffer greatly (=who are dropped) She has spoken about insecurities suffered by victims of BDD (=which are suffered by) Set during the First World War, it tells the story of a young soldier (= It is set) Nota: se pueden aadir adverbios al comienzo de la participle clause. Ej: Gery Halliwell, formerly known as Ginger Spice, has spoken...

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Expressions to show we are going to add extra information - at the beginning of a clause or setence modo informal neutro modo formal Besides Whats more Furthermore On top of that In addition Moreover Ej: She is beutiful. Moreover, she is clever / Hes a punk. On top of that, hes got a criminal record - To join two or more pieces of information in one setence besides + noun/gerund in addition to + noun/gerund as well as Ej: Besides being a punk, hes got a criminal record / In addition to his appearence, hes got a criminal record

So that / in order that, in order to / so as to, in case, otherwise - So that / in order that: a fin de que. Ej: We make rules so that most people will respect others - In order (not) to / so as (not) to: con la finalidad de (no). Ej: I work in order/so as to live En frases que queremos contrastar algo se usa: not (in order/so as) + to, but + (in order/so as) + to Ej: I came to see you not (in order/so as) to complain, but (in order/so as) to apologise - In case: por si. Ej: I'll take an umbrella in case it rains - Otherwise: de lo contrario. Ej: if it doesn't rain I'll wash my car otherwise I'll wait a few days Notas: So that (uso informal), in order that (uso formal), in case, otherwise van seguidas de oracin y in order to y so as to de infinitivo.

Prefixes: un- , inNo hay una regla general para su uso aunque se suele cumplir: - un-: palabras que terminan en ing, en ed, -able y las que comienzan con in-. Tambien las palabras que en espaol llevan los prefijos negativos: il, im, in, ir Ej: unloving, unexpected, unintelligible, unjust, unpopular - in-: palabras que terminan en ant, -ent, -ible. En este caso puede haber variantes de in: il, im, ir Ej: insignificant, impatient, invisible (Excepcin: unpleasant)

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Conectores Comienzo Firstly In the first place To begin with First of all One reason For a start Above all Primarily Continuacin Secondly Second In the second place Another reason In addition More importantly Again Also Too Next Then Equally Similarly What is more Ejemplo For example For instance E.g. (exempli gratia) I.e. (id est) That is That is to say Opinin Personally (un) fortunately It is clear that Clearly In my opinion I think/feel/believe (that) I agree/disagree (that) It seems to me As I see it From my point of view To be honest Frankly I feel certain I am sure that I am in favour of I am against Conclusin In conclusion Lastly Last but not least Finally In summary To sum up In short Clearly Therefore Thus It is clear that It is obvius that All in all On the whole

Ante todo

Creo con certeza

adems Lo que es ms importante

Por ltimo
Por ltimo pero no menos importante

igualment Asimismo, de igual forma

En resumen en resumen en pocas palabras Evidentemente Por lo tanto Por lo tanto

Esto es Es decir

En conclusin En general

Future continuous Para construir su forma afirmativa se utiliza el futuro simple del verbo auxiliar TO BE y el verbo principal con la terminacin ING. Usos: - para hablar de una accin que estar sucediendo en un momento futuro. Ej: At 9.15 tomorrow, well be watching the mach - para hablar de una accin concertada en el futuro. Ej: ...and after his speech the President will be having dinner with local Vips - para hablar de algo que suceder sin que sea necesario concertarlo previamente. Ej: I'll be going to the supermarket later do you want anything? - Para preguntar de manera educada por un arreglo o plan futuro Ej: Will you be meeting us at the airport?

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EOI Laredo

Future perfect Para su forma afirmativa se utiliza el futuro simple del verbo auxiliar TO HAVE y el verbo principal en participio. Se usa para hablar de una accin que habr finalizado en un momento futuro. Ej: By 10.00 tomorrow, the match will have finished Expresiones comunes con las que se utiliza son: By one oclock / dinner time By this time tomorrow / next week / next month / next year By the end of the week / month / year / century By the time we get home / Im thirty / I retire / I go to bed

Modals of speculation / deduction, possibility and probability certain (+) Must less certain may might could certain (-) cant

- Para especular sobre el presente o el futuro: modal verb + infinitive or be + -ing Ej: It could be dangerous / You must be joking - Para especular sobre el pasado (infinitivo perfecto): verb + have + past participle Ej: She cant have been very well / He may not have understood - Tambin se pueden usar expresiones: certain/sure likely/probable/possible unlikely/improbable/imposible % probabilidad expresin Be sure to +++ Be bound to Will definitely Be highly likely Be likely ++ Will probably Could/might/may + well + Could/might/may Doubt that / if / wether Dont supose Might not/may not Be unlikely Probably wont -Be highly unlikely --Definitely wont Its Nota: Well cambia el significado de posible a probable: That could well might well may well be true that Ej: Its certain that she wasnt very well Pero no: Its bound that they will get married ejemplo He is sure to know the answer Its bound to rain, dont forget your umbrella Ill definitely have the answer by then They are highly likely to get married The concerts likely to finish late Shell probably ring me later That may well be true He left there early so he might get here soon I doubt that shell be here before ten oclock I dont supose they will win We may not finish by six Its unlikely hell come They probably wont win They are highly unlikely to get married You definitely wont enjoy that film

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Id rather (I would rather) / Youd better (You had better) / It's time - I would rather + subject + (past tense / infinitive): means I would prefer. Ej: Id rather go = Id prefer to go / I'd rather not go = I'd prefer not to go (there is not change of subject) Id rather you went / I'd rather you didn't go NOT I'd rather you not go (there is change of subject) - You had better + infinitive: is used to give advice. Ej: Youd better go = you shoud go - It's time + subject + past simple: is used to say that something has to be done now or in the near future Ej: It's time you found a job (we specify the subject) It's time to go now (we don't specify the subject) It's hig time you did your homework (we use high for emphasis)

AVANZADO 2

(2010-2011)

Distancing expressions Se utilizan para dar informacin sin asegurar (marcando distancias) que sea exacta o ajustada a la realidad - It seems / appears + that + clause Ej: It seems /appears that the less children sleep, the more likely they are to behave badly - Subject + seen / appear + to + infinitive Ej: Mark seems / appears to have aged a lot over the last year - It would seem /appear + that + clause (sirve para distanciarnos ms de la informacin que damos) Ej: It would seem / appear that someone has been stealing personal items from the changing rooms - It + passive verb + that + clause (verbs: agree, announce, believe, expect, hope, report, say, suggest, think, and understand) Ej: It has been announced by a White House spolesman that the President has been taken to hospital - Subject + passive verb + to + infinitive (verbs: believe, expect, report, say, think and understand) Ej: The company director is expected to resign in the next few days - There + passive verb + to + infinitive Ej: There are said to be more than five million people living in poverty in this country - Apparently, according to, may / might Ej: Apparently, Maurice and Yvette have separated / According to new research, the idea is a myth / Dinosaurs may have died out due to extremely rapid climate change.

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Sounds and the human voice (describing sounds) sounds bang buzz click crash creak crunch drip hiss hoot hum rattle roar screech slam slurp sniff snore splash tap tick whistle
[b [b z] [kl k] [kr ] [kr :k] [kr nt ] [dr p] [h s] [h :t] [h m] ['rt l] [r : ] [skr :t ] [slm] ]

ruido fuerte zumbido clic estrepito, choque crujido (madera) crujido goteo siseo bocinazo tarareo cascabeleo rugido chirrido portazo sorbo 'sorbeteo' ronquido chapoteo 'golpeteo' tic-tac silbido

giggle groan mumble scream sob sigh stammer whisper yell

the human voice risita tonta ['g g l]

[gr

n]

gruido murmullo grito sollozo suspiro tartamudeo susurro alarido

['m mb l] [skr :m] [s b] [sa ] ['stm ] ['w sp ] [jel]

/sl :rp/
[sn f] [sn : ] [spl ] [tp] [t k] ['w s l]

Adding emphasis: inversion In formal English, especially in writing, we sometimes change the normal word order to make the sentence more emphatic or dramatic. - This structure is common with negative adverbial expressions such as: Not only, Not until, Never, No sooner than (= a formal way of saying as soon as) When we use inversion after the above expressions, we change the order of the subject and (auxiliary) verb. Ej: Not only is my brother lazy, (but) hes also very selfish / Not until you can behave like an adult will we treat you like an adult / Never have I heard such a ridiculous argument / No sooner had the football match started that it began to snow - In the present simple and past simple tense, rather than simply inverting the subject and verb we use do /does /did + subject + main verb. Ej: Not only did you forget to shut the window, (but) you also forgot to lock the door! - Inversion is also used after the expressions: Only then, Only when, Hardly / Scarcely when, and Rarely Ej: Only when you leave home do you realize how it is / Hardly had I sat down when the train began to move / Rarely have I met a more irritating person

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Discourse markers: adverbs and adverbial expressions (conectores discursivos) Talking of By the way, / incidentally, Actually / In fact / As a matter of fact In any case / Anyway At least As I was saying, On the whole, All in all, After all, Besides, Basically, Obviously I mean, In other words, Otherwise As far as something is concerned, As regards / Regarding That is to say, On (the) one hand, / On (the) other hand To change the direction of a conversation To introduce something To introduce additional information To return to the main topic To introduce a positive point To return to a previous subject To generalize To take everything in consideration To introduce a strong argument To add additonal information To introduce the fundamental point To introduce a fact that is very clear To make things clearer To say something again in another way To say what the result would be To introduce a new topic To introduce a new topic To introduce an explanation To balance contrasting fact or points

Word building : adjectives, nouns and verbs adjective strong long deep short wide high weak thick flat noun strength length depth shortness width height [ha t] weakness thickness flatness verb strengthen lengthen deepen shorten widen ['wa d n] heighten weaken thicken flatten

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EOI Laredo

Prepositions of place and direction Preposition above across after against along among around at behind below beside between by close to down from in front of inside into near next to off On onto opposite out of outside over past round through to towards under up Use higher than sth. (position, grade) from one side to the other side one follows the other directed towards sth. in a line; from one point to another in a group in a circular way In a place (point) at the back of lower than sth. (position grade) next to sth./sb. is on each side near near from high to low the place where it starts Delante de (normalmente de espalda) opposite of outside entering sth. close to beside away from sth. Next to moving to a place Enfrente de (cara a cara) leaving sth. opposite of inside above sth./sb. (implica movimiento) going near sth./sb. in a circle going from one point to the other point towards sth./sb. (lugar de llegada) in the direction of sth. below sth. from low to high Examples The picture hangs above my bed. You mustn't go across this road here. There isn't a bridge across the river. The cat ran after the dog. After you. The bird flew against the window. They're walking along the beach. I like being among people. We're sitting around the campfire. Turn left at the lights Our house is behind the supermarket. Death Valley is 86 metres below sea level. Our house is beside the supermarket. Our house is between the supermarket and the school. He lives in the house by the river. Our house is close to the supermarket. He came down the hill. Do you come from Tokyo? Our house is in front of the supermarket. You shouldn't stay inside the castle. You shouldn't go into the castle. Our house is near the supermarket. Our house is next to the supermarket. The cat jumped off the roof. I live on the main road The cat jumped onto the roof. Our house is opposite the supermarket. The cat jumped out of the window. Can you wait outside? The cat jumped over the wall. Go past the post office. We're sitting round the campfire. You shouldn't walk through the forest. I like going to Australia. Can you come to me? I've never been to Africa. We ran towards the castle. The cat is under the table. He went up the hill.

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EOI Laredo

In / at inside / outside (place and movement) - In: se suele traducir como "en" con el significado de "dentro de" cuando la persona o cosa est dentro de un espacio cerrado, como un edificio; o en otro sitio, que aun sin ser cerrado, est delimitado, por ejemplo, una calle, una ciudad, un pas, etc. No puede ir slo actuando de nombre en mitad de la frase (Ej: we ate in because it was cold) Ej: Michael is in the garden / Mary works in a bank Mary / I live in Lancaster Street / We live in London / They're in Greece Ellos estn en Grecia / Paul is in hospital - At: At se suele traducir tambin como "en" cuando la persona est en algn sitio realizando una actividad de ocio, de estudios, o de trabajo, como en el teatro o el cine; en un lugar de visita, como en el hospital; o cuando se da una direccin completa; tambin se utiliza para decir que se est en casa - at home. Ej: Peter is at work / They are at the cinema (viendo una pelcula) / Mary isn't (is not) at home / He lives at 25 Minster Road / Paul is at the hospital - Inside /outside: en el interior / exterior de algo cuando se quiere dar la idea de ubicacin fsica dentro o fuera de algo. Tambien actua de nombre. - Ej: We decide to eat inside because it was cold on the terrace / Let's meet outside the cinema

Into, onto (place and movement) Se utilizan en lugar de in y on cuando se quiere dar idea de movimiento. Ej: She went out onto the balcony / Put the box onto the table Notas: - si no hay un nombre a continuacin se utiliza in y on. Ej: Come in / He went out - out of se utiliza en oposicin a into Ej: Take your hands out of your pockets

Above / below - over / under (place and movement) - Above / below: at a higher or lower elevation than another thing , in a higher or lower position of authority than another person, higher or lower in amount or degree , higher or lower than zero when speaking of temperatures (the word zero is often omitted) Ej: That city is only 250 feet above sea level / A sergeant is below a captain / Unemployment was above 6% in 1994 / It was ten below last night - Over / under: over and under usually indicate higher or lower in a straight line; is used for crossing land, mountains, etc; under can mean below the surface of something; when something is covered or hidden by what is over it. Ej: I could see the flag flying over the embassy / The planes flew over the city / How long can you swim under the water without coming up for air? / I think the cat is under the bed.

Off / away (place and movement) - Off: We use off when talking about movement directed away from a given surface. Ej: I fell off of my bike and cut my knee - Away: moving from one place to another, further place. It is often used with verbs of movement. Ej: The thief ran away with her camera, She walk away from me, and didnt look back

Across / through (place and movement) - across: when talking about movement from one side of a surface to another. Ej: He was walking across the road on a zebra crossing when he was hit by a car - through: when talking about movement from one side of a given space to the other. Ej: He was driving through a tunnel.

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Along / past / round (place and movement) - along: when talking about movement from one end of a given oblong (alargada) surface to the other. Ej: He walked along the corridor until he reached the door - past: indicates movement in front of and beyond a place Ej: If you go past the supermarket, the church is on your left. - round: indicates movement or position in a circle or a curve. Ej: They sat around the fire

To / towards (place and movement) - to: a un sitio que se considera de llegada. Ej: Jane has gone to the hairdresser's - towards: en direccin a un sitio que sirve de referencia pero no que tenga que ser de llegada. Para indicar la orientacin de una accin. Ej: If you walk towards the beach, you'll see him.

Verbs of the senses - See / hear: + an object + verb in infinitive: you saw or heard the whole action. + an object + verb in gerund: you saw or heard an action in progress or a repeated action Ej: I heard the girl play a piece by Chopin / I saw the man hitting his dog La misma distincin se hace con los verbos despus de watch y notice - Look, feel, smell, sound, taste: when we talk about the impression something or someone gives us through the senses. After this verbs we can use: + adjective: You look tired / This music sounds awful + like + noun: You look like your mother / It sounds like thunder + as if / as though + clause: She looked as if / as though she had been crying - Smell / taste: It tastes / smells of garlic = it has the taste / smell of garlic It tastes / smells like garlic = it has a similar taste / smell to garlic, but it probably isnt garlic - Seem: we use it when something / somebody gives us an impression of being or doing something through a combination of the senses and what we know, but not purely through one sense. Ej: You seem worried = I get this impression from the way you are behaving in general (voice, actions) You look worried= I get this impression from your face After this verb you can use: + adjective: You seem worried + infinitive (simple or perfect or continuous): The waiter seems to have made a mistake with the bill + like: It seemed like a good idea at the time, but in fact it wasnt + as if / as though: It seems as if / as though every time I clean the car it rains

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Verb + preposition - Simon insisted on paying for everything when we went out. - The exam consists of speaking, writing, listening, reading, and English in use papers. - I can't concentrate on what I'm doing with all that noise outside. - His ex-wife took revenge on him by cutting up all his suits. - The government was heavily criticized for not acting faster. - I need to translate this document into German. Can you help me? - My brother is a lawyer who specializes in criminal law. - We're still waiting for Laura to apologize for her awful behaviour last night. - Everyone blamed me for the mistake, even though it wasn't my fault. - The police have accused her of stealing from her employer. - I'm so hard up I'm going to have to borrow some money from my sister. - It's often not a good idea to lend money to a friend. - We have succeeded in reducing unemployment to less than 5% of the workforce. - I think the film is definitely aimed at people under 25. I didn't enjoy it at all. - I was named after my grandmother, who died before I was born. - I know I can rely on you to keep a secret. - We need to divide this into four equal parts. - I'm going to complain to the manager about this. Noun + preposition - There doesn't seem to be an easy solution to the problem. - The reason for the delay was the late arrival of the incoming flight. - I have quite a lot of difficulty in remembering names and faces. - There is an urgent need for qualified teachers to work in developing nations. - The police have reported a sharp increase in crimes involving identity theft. - I have absolutely no intention of resigning. - There is going to be a full investigation into the causes of the accident. - I'm sure there is going to be a lot of protest against the new law. - Jack has a lot of respect for his grandfather's achievements. - There's no point in getting angry about it. It's too late now. - The rescue services say that there is no hope of finding any more survivors. - My boss has asked me to write a report on / about the new computer system. - The lack of water is becoming a very serious problem in some countries. - The new managing director has a reputation for being very ruthless. - I think the government's attitude to / towards single-parent families is changing.

HACIA C1

(2012)

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Ways of looking - Cast: If you cast your eyes or cast a look in a particular direction, you look quickly in that direction. - gape: to stare at sb/sth with your mouth open because you are shoked or surprised - gaze: to look steadly at sb/sth for a long time, either because you are very interested or surprised, or because you are thinking in sth else. - glance: to look quickly at sb/sth She glanced at her watch glance at/down/over/through sth to read sth quickly and not thoroughly I only had time to glance at the newspaper - glare: (at sb/sth) to look at sb/sth in an angry way He didn`t shout, he just glared at me silently. - glimpse: to see sb/sth for a moment, but not very clearly He had glimpsed her through the window as he passed. - Look: to turn your eyes in a particular direction - Ogle: To stare in an impertinent, flirtatious, or amorous manner. - observe: to see or notice sb/sth Have you abserved any changes lately? (according to oxford dictionary this patter is only used in the passive) to watch sb/sth carefully, especially to learn more about them I felt he was observing everythig I did. - peep: to look quickly and secretely at sth, especially through a small opening we caught her peeping through the keyhole. - peer: to look closely or carefully at sth, especially when you can not see it clearly. We went to the window and peered out - stare: to look at sb/sth for a long time Stare, gaze, peer and glare can be used as nouns, the act of looking at sb/sth in a way that is unfriendly or that shows surprise: She gave him a blank stare - watch:to look at sb/sth for a time, paying attention to what happens (there must be an action) to watch television, a football game

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The continuous aspect An aspect is a way we look at something. With verb forms there are three aspects: simple, continous and perfect. The continuous aspect focuses on the action ad its duration, rather than the result. It is used to show that an activity is temporary and its duration is limited. Use the continuous aspect to talk about: actions that we see happening over a period of time. Ex: Theyve been waiting here for an hour. Actions in progress when another thing happens. Ex: John was crying when I arrived. Temporary or incomplete situations. Ex: Hes living with his parents until he can find a house. Repeated actions (tha may be annoying). Ex: Shes always playing music loudly Situations in the process of changing. Ex: The economy is getting worse. Plans (often using the past continuous). Ex: I was thinking of going home this weekend. Tentative ideas (to avoid being too direct with a request). Ex: I was wondering if I could borrow some money Actions in progress at a particular time. Ex: Everyone seems to be working at the moment.

Idioms for people a yes-man Whiz-kid busybody Chatterbox Pain in the neck Dark horse Old hand Set in her ways Black sheep Life and soul of the party wetblanket Good mixer Party crasher Wallflower Social climber Femme fatale Don Juan / kla m r / / fmf tl / d nd u n
['bl k t]

Que todo le parece bien, pelota Nio prodigio / b zi/ cotilla charlatn Lata, incordio, puetero Tapado, caja de sorpresas perro viejo (veterano) Rutinario (que tiene hbitos muy definidos) Oveja negra El alma de la fiesta aguafiestas sociable Intruso, colado en una celebracin Pasmarote, sujetacolumnas Trepa Mujer fatal Don Juan

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Traits of character (rasgos de personalidad) Agressiveness ambition arrogance compassion courage Creativity Dishonesty Frankness generosity Humility Hypocrisy Imagination Meanness modesty obstinacy passion Patience Pettiness Pomposity Possessiveness Rashness Self-assurance selfishness sensitivity Shyness sincerity snobbishness stubbornness timidity tolerance vanity Vivacity ['st b nn s] /t m d ti / / t l r ns / / vn ti/ [v 'vs t ] / res vn s / n/ ns/ Agresividad Ambicin arrogancia Compasin Coraje Creatividad falsedad Franqueza Generosidad Humildad hipocresa n/ Imaginacin Tacaera Modestia terquedad Pasin paciencia Mezquindad Pomposidad Actitud posesiva Imprudencia r ns] Confianza en uno mismo Egosmo Sensibilidad timidez Sinceridad esnobismo Tozudez Timidez Tolerancia vanidad Vivacidad

/m b / r

/k m p n/ / k r d / / krie t v ti/ /d s n sti / s ti / / frkn s / / d en r /h p /hju m l ti/ kr si/ ne / md / m /

/ mi nn s / d sti / bst n si / ns/ s ti/

/ p n/ / pe /p / petin s / mp /p zes vn s/ ['r n s] [self ' / self n s / / sens t v ti/ / a n s/ /s n ser ti/

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Intensifying adverbs In English there are lots of other ways of saying very or very much. For example, we can use words such as highly, utterly, bitterly, deeply. These alternatives collocate strongly with specific words, and other combinations often sound unnatural. Highly: is used with some probability word such as (un)likely, profitable, successful, effective, competitive, unusual controversial and recommended. With the exception of highly controversial it usually combines with very positive words. Extremely can also be used with all the opposite adjectives except recommended e.g: It's highly unlikely that I can meet him again Absolutely, utterly (sightly more formal): combine with adjectives with very extreme meanings where we can't use very, such as: stupip, impossible, wrong, alone, miserable, devastated, convinced, appalled e.g: It was such an absolutely stupid comment to make The whole area was utterly devastated after the earthquake Bitterly: carry a feeling of deep sadness, used sightly more in writing than in conversation, can be combined with disappointed/disappointing, regret, complain, critisise, cry, weep, resent (feel annoyed) e,g: I was bitterly disapointed when I failed the exam Deeply: collocates mainly with words associated with feelings, used sightly more in writing than in conversation, can be combined with ashamed, shocked, concerned, committed, moved, affected, hurt, regret, care, unhappy, religious e.g: I was alway deeply committed to my student Ridiculously: suggests sth with extreme, which seems unbelievable or unreasonable, combined with: high, low, cheap, expensive, long, short, small, large, early... e.g: The food was ridiculously expensive. I think we'll never go there again Strongly: collocates with verbs, especialy with verbs that relate to having an opinion, such as: oppose, influence, condemn, believe, recommend, deny, support, suggest, feel, argue, object... e.g: This is the fantastic film that I strongly recommend

Suffixes to form nouns burial denial survival Disappoinment Achievement involvement Sincerity Flexibility Generosity Pregnancy Fluency accuracy Fondness / beri l/ [d 'na l] [s 'va v l] / d s p ntm nt / t i vm nt/ [ n'v lvm nt] /s n ser ti/ [fleks 'b l t ] / d en r / flu nsi/ ['kj r s ] / f ndn s / s ti/ ['pregn ns ] entierro denegacin supervivencia decepcin logro participacin sinceridad flexibilidad generosidad embarazo fluidez precisin cario Failure Departure procedure Existence Occurrence obedicence Sadness Tiredness Seriousness Absence Patience intelligence ['fe lj ] /d p / rt r / ] [pr 's :d [ 'k r ns] [ 'b :d ns] / sdn s / / ta rdn s / / s ri sn s / / bs ns/ / pe ns/ nt / / n tel d fallo partida procedimiento existencia acontecimiento obediencia tristeza cansancio seriedad ausencia paciencia inteligencia

z st ns/

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Traits of character (rasgos de personalidad) Agressiveness ambition arrogance compassion courage Creativity Dishonesty Frankness generosity Humility Hypocrisy Imagination Meanness modesty obstinacy passion Patience Pettiness Pomposity Possessiveness Rashness Self-assurance selfishness sensitivity Shyness sincerity snobbishness stubbornness timidity tolerance vanity Vivacity ['st b nn s] /t m d ti / / t l r ns / / vn ti/ [v 'vs t ] / res vn s / n/ ns/ Agresividad Ambicin arrogancia Compasin Coraje Creatividad falsedad Franqueza Generosidad Humildad hipocresa n/ Imaginacin Tacaera Modestia terquedad Pasin paciencia Mezquindad Pomposidad Actitud posesiva Imprudencia r ns] Confianza en uno mismo Egosmo Sensibilidad timidez Sinceridad esnobismo Tozudez Timidez Tolerancia vanidad Vivacidad

/m b / r

/k m p n/ / k r d / / krie t v ti/ /d s n sti / s ti / / frkn s / / d en r /h p /hju m l ti/ kr si/ ne / md / m /

/ mi nn s / d sti / bst n si / ns/ s ti/

/ p n/ / pe /p / petin s / mp /p zes vn s/ ['r n s] [self ' / self n s / / sens t v ti/ / a n s/ /s n ser ti/

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The suffix ish In modern English, ish is added to nouns and to other adjectives to form adjectives with these meanings: 1. somewhat (as in oldish); 2. like a (as in childish); 3. like that of a (as in girlish); 4. of or having to do with (as in English); 5. tending to (as in bookish) or inclined to be a (as in thievish); 6. near, but usually somewhat past (as in fortyish).

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Vocabulary
english Lid alligator amphibian animal ant ape bark (to) bat beak bear bee bite (to) breed (to) cage calf (pl calves) camel cattle cock crocodrile deer donkey duck duckling elephant feather flap (to) flea flock fox Frog fur furry goat goose (pl. geese) guinea pig harmless herd hide hive iguana kangaroo kennel Tapa caimn anfibio animal hormiga mono, simio ladrar murcilago pico (pjaro) oso abeja morder, picar criar jaula ternero camello ganado (vacuno) gallo cocodrilo ciervo burro pato patito elefante pluma aletear pulga bandada zorro Rana piel (animal) peludo (animal) cabra ganso conejillo de indias, cobaya inofensivo manada, rebao piel (animal) enjambre iguana canguro perrera ['l ge t ] spanish pronunciation [l d] ligueito topic Alimentos animales animales nimal ant baak bat animales animales animales animales animales animales bea animales animales animales briid animales animales caaf cmel ctel kok crocodal dia donki dak ] dak-lin lefant feda flap fli flok foks animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales animales Animales fee
]

c 6 5

[m'f b n]
['n m l] [nt] [e p]
[

b :k]

[bt]

[b :k]
[

be

[b :]

[ba t]
[br :d]
[

ke d

[k :f] ([k :vz]) ['km l]

5 5

['kt l]
[

k k] ] k ]

6 5

['kr k da l]

[d
['d
[

d k]

['d kl ['fe ] [flp] [fl :] [fl k] [f ks] [fr g] [f : ]

[

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 5

['el f nt]

animales animales animales animales animales

'f :r

feurri gout

[g

t]

[g :s] / [g :s]
['h :ml s] /h :rd /
[ha d] [ha v] jamles jerd jaid

5 5

animales animales animales animales 6

[ 'w :n ]
['k

iguna cngoru

animales animales animales 5 6

g 'r :]

[['ken l]

56

EOI Laredo
kitten leopard lice lizard monkey mosquito nest offspring on a lead / leash Paw pelican pet pup puppy rabbit reptile school seagull shed sheep shoal snail Sparrow spring squirrel stable stray tail tank Toad turkey turtle wag (to) whale wild willdlife wing worm zebra appliance cable clog (to) crash (to) device gatito leopardo piojo lagarto, lagartija mono mosquito nido prole con correa Pata pelcano mascota cachorro cachorro, perrito conejo reptl banco (peces), grupo (ballenas) gaviota cobertizo oveja banco (peces) caracol Gorrin brinco, salto ardilla establo callejero, vagabundo (animal) cola pecera Sapo pavo tortuga menear, mover (la cola) ballena salvaje, naturaleza salvaje fauna y flora ala gusano cebra electrodomstico cable Atascarse, obstruirse fallar, colgarse (ref. informtica) aparato, mecanismo [ ed] [ :p] [ ['k t n] ['lep d] [la s]) ['l z d] ['m kiten lpet lais animales animales animales animales manki animales animales animales ofsprin liid / liis Paa plican animales animales Animales animales animales pap papi rbit animales animales animales animales scuul sig animales animales animales animales ssol sneil ] sperou animales animales Animales animales squirol animales animales animales animales 6 6 5 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 5 6 5

k ] ]

[m s'k :t
[nest]

mosquito

[' fspr ]
[l :d] / [l : ] [p : ]

['pel k n] [pet]
[p p] ['p p ]
[

'rb t]

['repta l]
[sk :l]

l]

[sne l] ['spr

[spr

['skw r l] ['ste b l] [stre ]

[

te l] k] d]
]

[t [t
[ [

tenk

animales Animales

6 6

't :k

toki taatel

animales animales animales 6 5

't :t l]

[wg] [we l]
[

geil gaid

animales animales animales animales

wa ld] ]

['wa ldla f] [w
[w :m] ['zebr ]
[ [

gem zsebra aplaians keibol

animales animales aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos

5 5

'pla ns] 'ke b l]

[kl g]
[kr ]
[

d 'va s]

57

EOI Laredo
drill earpiece fan Faulty function (to) gadget hand-held handset hook in (to) light bulb Machinery overload (to) plug in (to) power (to) provide (to) rewind (to) shut down slot storing memory vacuum cleaner abstract art art critic art dealer art fair art gallery classical music collection curator depict (to) exhibition figurative installation landscape /seascape oil painting patron of the arts poetry portrait sculpture sketch still life watercolour waxwork attractive bald beard taladro auricular ventilador Defectuoso funcionar artilugio, chisme de bolsillo auricular enganchar bombilla Maquinaria sobrecargar enchufar impulsar, propulsar suministrar rebobinar apagarse ranura memoria de almacenamiento aspiradora arte abstracto crtico de arte marchante feria de arte galera de arte msica clsica coleccin encargado de museo, conservador representar exposicin arte figurativo montaje , instalacin (artstica) paisaje (de campo) / marino leo mecenas poesa retrato escultura bosquejo, boceto bodegn, naturaleza muerta acuarela figura de cera atractivo calvo barba

[dr l]

aparatos iapis fan aparatos aparatos Aparatos fanksion gachit aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos balb aparatos aparatos ouvelud plag
]

5 6 6 6

[[
[

p :s]

fn] 'f k n]

['f :lt ]
[

['gd t]
[

6 6 5

'hndset]

[h k] [b lb] [m ' :n r ]

6 6

[
[ [ [

v 'l

d]

aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos aparatos

pl g] 'pa pr 'va d]

pua provaid rigaind

[r 'wa nd] [sl t] ['vkj ['kr t k] ['d :l ] [fe ] [ :t] ['gl r ] ['kls k l] [k 'lek
[

m]

vkium

aparatos arte arte 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

['bstrkt]

dila fee aat gleri clsicol colkson

]

arte arte arte arte arte arte arte arte arte

n]

kj

're t

kiureita dipkt

[d 'p kt] [eks 'b

n] n]

eksibison

['f g r t v] [ nst 'le [ insteleison oill pitron poetri prtret ] scalcha

arte arte arte arte arte arte arte arte arte

l] tr ]

['pe tr n] ['p ['p :tr t] ['sk lpt [sket ] ['w :t k l ]

guotacala guasguok etractif boold bied

arte arte aspecto aspecto aspecto

/'wksw :rk/ [ 'trkt v] [b :ld] [b d]

58

EOI Laredo
beautiful blonde / blond build comb (to) curly cute dark dilapidated dye (to) fair fat fringe good-looking grey handsome height hideous moustache overweight plain ponytail pretty scruffy shiny skinny slender slim straight stubble Turn-off ugly wavy well built highlight raise (to) remove (to) rise (to) corkscrew Handful loads of quite a few cistern faucet vase guapo, bello rubio (pelo hombre) / rubio (pelo mujer) tipo, fsico, constitucin peinarse rizado guapo, mono moreno (pelo) deteriorado, ruinoso teirse rubio (pelo) gordo flequillo (pelo) guapo gris guapo altura espantoso, horroroso bigote gordo, obeso poco atrativo cola de caballo guapo desaliado brillante flacucho esbelta delgado (buen tipo) liso, recto barba incipiente Desagradable, poco deseable feo ondulado fornido, consticin fuerte resalte, reflejo, lo ms destacado levantar, alzar extraer, quitar, despedir subir, aumentar sacacorchos Puado montones de bastantes cisterna grifo jarron ['s st n] ['f :s t] fsit

['bju:t f l] [bl nd] [b ld] [k m]

biutiful blond

aspecto aspecto aspecto

cum

aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto 6

['k :l ] /kju:t/ [d :k]

coorli
kiut

[d 'lp de t d]
[da ] [fe ] [ft] [fr nd ] [gre ] ['hns m] [ha t] ['h d s] [m 'st : ] [ ['p v 'we t] n te l] [ple n]
ponitel fee fat

aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto

frinch

jansom
jait jdios

aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto aspecto 5 5

mostash
ovegeit

['pr t ] ['skr f ]
[' a n ] ['sk n ]
[

prti

'slend

slenda

aspecto aspecto aspecto

[sl m]
[stre t]

['st b l] [' gl ] ['we v ] [b lt]

['ha la t] [re z] [r 'm :v] [ra z] ['k :kskr :] ['hndf l]

stbol

aspecto Aspecto 6

gli

aspecto aspecto aspecto

jailait reis rimuuf rais cok-scruu

bsico bsico bsico bsico bebidas Cantidad cantidad cantidad casa casa casa 6 5

[v :z] 59

EOI Laredo
accommodation apartment armchair attic balcony bathtub bedside table bedspread blanket block of flats bread knife brick cellar chair chest of drawers chimney city centre coffee table cooker cottage couch country cramped crib cushion dam decorate (to) desk detached house dishwasher double glazing Draught drive dull estate estate agency fence fireplace floor flush the toilet (to) fridge furnish (to) furniture ground floor guest-house hallway alojamiento apartamento (usa) silln, butaca tico, desvn balcn baera mesilla de noche colcha manta bloque de apartamentos cuchillo de sierra ladrillo stano, bodega silla cmoda chimenea (exterior, tiro) en el centro mesa de centro cocina (electrodomstico) casa de campo sof campo estrecha, pequea cuna almohada, cojn, proteccin presa decorar, adornar, pintar, empapelar escritorio chalet individual lavavajillas doble cristal Corriente (de aire) entrada (para coches en una casa) aburrido (ambiente) finca, propiedad agencia inmobiliaria cerca, valla chimenea (dentro de casa) planta, suelo tirar de la cadena (bao) frigorfico amueblar muebles planta baja pensin vestbulo, recibidor [ k m 'de
[ [

n]

acomodeison eptment armcher tik blconi baztab

casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas

'p :tm nt] ' :mt e

]

['t k]

['blk n ]

['bl [bred] [br k] ['sel ]

[

k t]

blanket

sla chee
]

casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas

t e

't mn

chimni sente cker cotich cauch cntri crampt

['sent ] ['k k ]
[

ka t

['k ntr ]
[krmpt]
[

kr b] n]
cson

['k

casas casas casas casas 5

[dm]
[

'dek re t] d 'tt t] 'd w

[dr :ft]
]

[desk]
[ [

ditacht dsgoser gleisin

casas casas casas Casas casas 5 6

[d l] [ 'ste t] [fens]

dal esteit

casas casas casas casas 5

['fa ple s] [fl : ] [fl ] [fr d ] ['f :n ]

[

fiapleis

casas casas casas 5

frich fenish
]

casas casas casas casas casas casas 5

'f :n t

feniche

['h :lwe ]

jolgei

60

EOI Laredo
hometown hostel household hut indoors inhabitant insulation kitchen landmark lavatory Leak (to) lightning conductor lively living room mattress move (to) old-fashioned open-plan outdoors outskirts paintbrush piece of furniture pillow playground plug plumbing porter posh residential area roof room rug scissors semidetached house set of cutlery settle (to) shack sheet shelf shower sink sleeping bag small town socket sound-proof ciudad natal albergue, residencia, hostal hogar, familia cabaa dentro (de casa), a cubierto habitante aislante cocina (lugar) monumento, lugar muy conocido cuarto de bao, servicio, inodoro Filtrarse, gotear pararrayos animado (ambiente) saln colchn trasladarse tradicional, anticuado sin tabiques (una casa) fuera (de casa), al aire libre afueras pincel, brocha mueble almohada patio de recreo enchufe (macho) caeras, instalacin de agua portero, maletero elegante (hotel, casa), pijo area residencial techo, tejado sitio, espacio, sala alfombra tijeras casa adosada juego de cubertera acomodarse, instalarse choza, chabola sbana, hoja balda ducha fregadero saco de dormir pueblecito enchufe (toma) insonorizado

/'h

m'ta n/
jstel

casas casas casas jat indrz injbitent inszleison quchin casas casas casas casas casas casas lvetri casas Casas condakto casas casas casas mtres muuf ouldfsiont autdrz otskerts pinbras ] piis / feniche pilou casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas casas plag casas casas casas casas casas ruuf casas casas casas ssos semiditch casas casas casas stel casas casas siit self casas casas casas casas casas casas skit casas casas 5 6 5 5 5 6 5

['h st l] ['ha sh [ h t]

ld]

[ n'd :z]
[

n'hb t nt] n] 'k t n]

[ nsj 'le
[

['lndm :k]

/'lv tri/
[l :k] [k n'd kt ]

['la vl ]
['mtr s]

[m :v] /' ld'f nd/

[a t'd :z]
['a tsk :ts] ['pe ntbr ['p l [pl g] ]

[p :s] ['f :n t ] ['ple gra nd]

['pl m
['p :t ] [p
[

plamin poter posh

rez 'den l] r :m]

[r :f]
[

[r g]
['s z z] [sem d 'tt t] ['k tl r ] ['set l] [ k] [ :t]

[ elf]
[ [

' a s k]

saua

['s k t]

61

EOI Laredo
spacious square store room storey / story suburbs suite sweep (to) tap tent terrace terraced house Toiletries vacancy village wall-unit warehouse washbasin water- proof well wiring achievement discovery knowledge adventure alien audience award (to) blockbuster cast character comedy costume director double up (to) drama dub (into) (to) extra film (to) film crew film set film strip hero in character nominate (to) espaciosa, amplia plaza despensa piso (planta) barrio en las afueras habitacin de hotel barrer grifo tienda de campaa, carpa terraza casa en hilera Artculos de aseo habitacin libre pueblo (grande) aparador, mueble prefabricado almacen lavabo impermeable pozo cableado, instalacin elctrica logro , xito descubrimiento conocimiento aventura extraterrestre pblico, auditorio (espectadores) conceder, otorgar superproduccin, exito de taquilla reparto personaje comedia traje, disfraz director doblar (hacer de doble) drama doblar (a) extra rodar equipo de rodaje plat cinta, tira de pelcula hroe, protagonista en imitacin (actuando como alguien) designar, proponer, nominar ['spe

s]

spisos scu

casas casas casas

[skwe ]

['st :r :m] ['st :r ]

[ [

stori sabeebs suit suiip

casas casas casas casas casas casas

's b :b] sw :t]

[sw :p]

[tp]
[

'ter s] l tr z]

trras trrast

casas casas Casas 6

['ter st] ['t ['ve k ns ]

[

vicansi

casas casas casas

'v l d

['we ha s]
[

gejaus gosbeisen

casas casas casas casas 5

'w

be s n]

[pr :f] [wel]

['wa r

]
echvment discveri nlich ] advncha elian odiens egd blockbaste

casas ciencia ciencia ciencia cine cine cine cine cine cine kricte cmidi cstum
]

[ 't :vm nt] [d 'sk v r ] ['n l d ] [ d'vent

[ [

'e l n] ' :d ns]

[ 'w :d] ['bl kb st ]

[

k :st]

['kr kt ]
['k m d ]
[ [ [ [ [ [ [ [

cine cine cine cine cine cine cine cine cine cine cine cine

'k stj :m] d(a) 'rekt 'd b l] 'dr :m d b] 'ekstr f lm] kr :]

] ]

dairktor dabol drama dab

[str p]
['h

jrou kricte

cine cine cine 5

['kr kt ]
[

'n m ne t]

62

EOI Laredo
on location part Period film play (to) plot portfolio premiere review role romantic scene sci-fi / science-fiction screen Screen (to) script sequel shoot (to) soap opera soundtrack special effects spot (to) spotlight star star (to) subtitles tribute bake (to) baking tray be on a diet (to) beat eggs (to) beef beer beverage biscuit boil (to) bottle bread brown bread butter can cereal chips chocolate choke on (to) chopping board chopstick en escenarios reales, exteriores papel Pelcula de poca interpretar, hacer de argumento muestra (catlogo de artista), carpeta estreno crtica papel romntico escena, escenario ciencia-ficcin pantalla Emitir, proyectar guin secuela, continuacin rodar culebrn banda sonora efectos especiales descubrir (a un actor) foco estrella, protagonista presentar como protagonista subttulos homenaje cocer al horno bandeja de horno estar a dieta batir huevos carne de vaca cerveza bebida galleta cocer, hervir botella pan pan integral mantequilla lata cereales patatas fritas (caseras) (bolsa usa) chocolate atragantarse tabla de picar palillo chino
[ [ [

[ [

'ke r d]
]

n]

lookison

cine cine Cine cine cine 6

p :t] ple

['p
[ [

pl t] p :t'f r 'vj :] r r l] 'mnt k] l

] nombre

potfliou prmia rivu roul roumntik

cine cine cine cine cine cine

5 5

'prem e (r)
[ [ [ [

s :n]
sai-fiksion

['sa fa ]
[

cine cine Cine 6 cine

skr :n] skr pt] 's :kw l] :t] p] 'sa ndtrk] 'fekt]
sicuel suut soup sandtrack ifkt spot

cine cine cine cine cine cine cine 5 5

[s
[ [

[sp t]
['sp tla t]
[

st : ] 's bta t l] 'tr bj :t]

] [tre ]

staa

cine cine

[st : ]
[ [

sbtaitol trbiut

cine cine comer comer comer comer comer 5 6 6

['be k [b :t]
[ [

] ]

bia bbrech biskit btel bred

comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer 6

'bev r d

'b t l]

sirial

['t
t /'t

k l t]
p [b :d] pst k/

choc-let

chpstik

comer

63

EOI Laredo
crisp cucumber cut down on (to) daily products dairy products dessert diet diet coke disgusting dish drain (to) eat at (to) fat feed (to) flavouring flour fork fountain french fries fruit fry (to) frying pan garlic glass grill (to) half / full board heat sthg in the microwave (to) heat up (to) help oneself (to sthg) to home-made honey jam juice junk food knife lettuce live on (to) loaf of french bread lobster lodging main course marmalade meal meat medium menu mix the ingredients (to) mushroom napkin, serviette patatas fritas (de bolsa) pepino reducir el consumo de productos diarios productos lcteos postre dieta cola light (se utiliza diet y no light) asqueroso, repugnante plato escurrir comer en (un lugar) grasa dar de comer a condimento, aderezo harina tenedor fuente patatas fritas (caseras) fruta freir sartn ajo vaso asar a la parrilla media pensin / pensin completa calentar algo en el microondas calentar servirse (algo) casero miel mermelada zumo comida basura cuchillo lechuga alimentarse de barra de pan langosta alojamiento platos principales mermelada (de ctricos: naranja, limn) comida (el tiempo cuando se come) carne en general hecho normal (comida) men mezclar los ingredientes seta, champion servilleta [l
[ [ [

cocamber

comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer

'de l pr d kt] 'de r

]

prodact dari disech daiet

d 'z :t] k]
]

['da t]

[k
[

d s'g st

disgstin

comer comer comer comer comer comer 6

[d ] [dre n]

[f :d]
fle v r ]
flaua

comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer 5

'fa nt n]

faunten french fraizs fruch frai

['fra

pn]

[b :d] [h :t]

bood

comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer

6 6 5

diuss naif ltis

f]
]

lof lobste lodyin mein coos maameleid

['l d

[m :l] [m :t] ['m :dj m] ['menj :] [m ks] mdiom mniu

comer comer comer comer comer 6

['m r :m]
['npk n]

64

EOI Laredo
nice noodles nut overcooked packet peel (to) pepper pint of lager plate portion pot potato pour (to) prawn put on weight (to) rare raw recipe roast (to) salad salt saucepan sausage seafood seaweed semi-skimmed side dish simmer (to) slice slice of toast snack soft drink soup soy spice spicy spoon spoonful spring rolls starter steak steam (to) stew stir a sauce (to) suck sugar swallow (to) tablecloth tablespoon takeaway rico (comida) fideos fruto seco demasiado cocido paquete, bolsa pelar pimienta caa de cerveza plato racin olla patata verter, servir gamba ganar peso poco hecho (comida) crudo receta (cocina) asar ensalada sal cacerola salchica marisco alga marina semidesnatado guarnicin, acompaamiento hervir a fuego lento trozo (de pastel) rebanada, tostada tentempi refresco (sin alcohol) sopa, caldo soja (usa) especia picante cuchara cucharada rollitos de primavera primeros (plato) filete, bistec cocer al vapor estofado, guiso revolver una salsa chupar, sorber azucar tragar mantel cucharon comida para llevar

[na s]
[

comer nudol nat pquit pepa paint... comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer ] poteito poo comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer suup soi (plural:spisis) espaisi comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comer 5 6 5 6 6

'n :d lz]

[n t]
[ [

'pk t] p :l]

'p : n]

poosion

[p t ]
[p 'te t

[p : ]

rea roo

['res p ]
[

rsipi roust sled

'sl d]

['s :sp n] ssich ['s :w :d] smi-skimd ['s m ] slais [sla s]

[ [ [

s :p] s
]

spa s]

esteik estiu [st : ]

[

stee sak suuga

s k] ]

['sw l
[kl
[

esguolou teibolcloz

'te b lsp :n]

65

EOI Laredo
taste tomato vegetable vegetarian well done whole grain bread wholemeal yoghurt chewing gum cracker nourishment scrambled eggs scraps shell As like bag bakers / bakery bargain basket be just looking (to) be worth (to) branch butchers carrier bag changing room checkout chemist collect (to) compensation complain about (to) consumption customer delivery department store fake goods guarantee hand back (to) mall / shopping mall manager market memorabilia newsagents on credit online gusto, sabor tomate verdura vegetariano bien hecho (comida) pan integral integral yogur chicle galleta salada alimentacin, nutricin huevos revueltos sobras cscara (huevo, fruto seco) Similar a bolsa panadera ganga cesta estar echando un vistazo, estar curioseando valer, merecer la pena (dinero, tiempo, esfuerzo) sucursal carnicera bolsa vestuario, probador caja (supermercado) farmacia recoger compensacin quejarse de consumo cliente entrega, envo grandes almacenes falsificacin artculos, mercancias, bienes garanta devolver (una cosa) centro comercial (usa) director, gerente, jefe, encargado mercado, mercadillo objetos de inters, de recuerdo quiosco (peridicos, revistas) a crdito en linea

[te st]
[t 'm :t

comer

tomto veschtebol velletrian

comer comer comer comer comer comer comer comida comida comida comida comida comida Comparacin 5 5 5 5 5 5 6

[ved 'te r n]

yoget

[g m]
['krk ] ['n r m nt] ['skrmb ld]

gam
craka nrisment scrambeld

[skrps] [ el]
[bg] baag bikes / bekeri brgen bsket

compras compras compras compras compras

['be k ] ['be k r ] ['b :g n] ['b :sk t]

[w : ] [br :nt ]

goz braanch bcher

compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras 5 5

['b t
[

]
]

'kr

carria

['kem st]
[k 'lekt] [k mpen'se [k m'ple n]
[

kmist colkt

n]

compensison complein

k n's mp n]

comsonson
cstome dilvery dipatment

['k st m ] [d 'l v r ]

[d 'p :tm nt]

[fe k] [g d] [gr n't :]

guz grentii mol, maal mnelle mket ] memorabilia

compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras 5 5

[m :l, ml] ['mn d ['m :k t]

[mem r 'b l

['nj :ze d

nt]

66

EOI Laredo
packaging pharmacy pop in (to) purchase queue (to) receipt for refund release (to) repair (to) sales service shoe shop shop assistant shop window shopping centre stall estate agents stationers stock supermarket till trader travel agents trolley vat (value added tax) washing powder ad advertise advertisement article broadcast (to) celebrity editor front page hang up (to) headline interview issue (to) journalist lead-in media network news item pick up (to) piece of news envoltorio, embalaje farmacia entrar un momento, pasar por compra hacer cola recibo, tique de devolucin, reembolso estrenar, sacar a la venta reparar, arreglar rebajas servicio zapatera dependiente, empleado de tienda escaparate centro comercial puesto, caseta inmobiliaria papelera existencias supermercado caja (registradora) comerciante agencia de viajes carrito (de compra) iva (impuesto sobre el valor aadido) detergente en polvo anuncio anunciar (peridico, revista) anuncio artculo emitir famoso director (peridico, revista) portada colgar (el telfono) titular entrevista emitir, hacer pblico periodista introduccin medios de comunicacin cadena, red noticia, artculo descolgar (el telfono) noticia ['pk d ] pkellin famasi petchis resit riifnd compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras ripe seils sevis essten snte stool compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras compras spermaket compras compras compras compras trli compras compras pder compras comunicacin dvetais edvetisment rticol brodcaast silbriti edita comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin

['f :m s ]
['p :t s] [kj :]

[r 's :t] ['r :f nd]

[

r 'l :s]

[r 'pe ]

[se l]
['s :v s]

[ 's st nt] ['sent ] [st :l] ['ste

[st k]

n ]

stesoner

['s :p m :k t] [t l]
['tre d ]

['tr l ]
[

v :e 't :, vt]

['pa d ] [d]

['dv ta z]
[ d'v :t sm nt]

/' :rt k l /
['br :dk :st]

[s 'lebr t ] /'ed t r / [h ]
['hedla n]

jan

comunicacin comunicacin

[' nt vj :]
[' j :]

nteviu isii ynalist

comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin 5

['d :n l st] /led/ ['m :d ]

['netw :k]

miidia netwok item

comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin 5 5

['a t m] /pi:s/

67

EOI Laredo
report report (to) section tune in to (to) Above all actually after a while after and hour or so along with although as a result as for at first at once better still consequently even better even though eventually finally first of all fortunately generally in fact inmediately it was not long before naturally next other than otherwise previously regarding straight away surprisingly therefore whatsoever whilst assault (to) burglar hijacking hurt kidnapping make off with (to) mugging murder outlaw robber reportaje informar de, presentarse, denunciar seccin sintonizar Sobre todo realmente, en efecto despues de un rato despus de una hora o as junto con aunque como resultado en cuanto a al principio de inmediato, en seguida an mejor por consiguiente an mejor aunque (enftico) finalmente por ltimo en primer lugar, lo primero afortunadamente generalmente de hecho inmediatamente, directamente no pas mucho antes que por supuesto luego, despus aparte de de lo contrario antes, previamente respecto a inmediatamente sorprendentemente por lo tanto en absoluto (al final de frase negativa) mientras asaltar ladrn (de casas) piratera aerea herida (dao emocional) secuestro robar atraco, asalto asesinato fugitivo atracador ['k ns kw ntl ] cnsikuenly comunicacin

[r 'p :t] /'sek n/ [tj :n]

[ 'b v] ['kt

ripoot skson chun

comunicacin comunicacin comunicacin Conector 5 6

l]

atchuli

conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector 5

'l

alon
rislt

[r 'z lt]

[ 'vent
[

l ]
]

ivnchueli

'fa n l

['f :t

n tl ]

footchinat-ly ynerli imdiat-ly nchurali

conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector conector 6

['d enr l ]

[ 'm :d tl ]
['nt

r l ]

' wa z] sl ]
]

odegaiz prviosli

['pr :v [r 'g :d

[s 'pra z ['e f : ]
[

l ]

sorprasinli dfo

conector conector conector conector crimen crimen crimen crimen crimen crimen 5 5 5 6 5

w ts 's :lt] 'b :gl h :t]

'ev

guotsoeve
galst est

[wa lst]
[ [ [ [ [

bglar

'ha d kin] 'k dnp 'm g 'm :d 'a tl :] 'r b

] ] ]

jaiyakin
jeet

[ [ [ [

maguin
maada

crimen crimen crimen crimen

autlo
rber

68

EOI Laredo
run over (to) serial killer smuggling Stab (to) strangle (to) thief trial be given a clean bill of health (to) bleed (to) bleeding blemish blood breast breath breathe (to) bruise build up (to) bulging eyes calf / calves (pl) chin clean-shaven curve elbow eye eyebrow eyelash eyelid finger flesh foot (plural feet) forearm forehead full figure grit my teeth (to) hacking cough hair gel head of hair heel hiccup hip jaw kidney Limp (to) atropellar asesino en serie contrabando apualar estrangular ladrn (en general) juicio, proceso ser encontrado en buen estado de salud (anlisis mdico) sangrar hemorragia imperfeccin, mancha sangre pecho aliento, respiracin respirar moratn desarrollar, fortalecer ojos saltones pantorrilla, gemelo barbilla, mentn bien afeitado curva codo ojo ceja pestaa prpado dedo de la mano carne (de persona, animal) pie antebrazo frente cuerpo muy contorneado rechinar/apretar mis dientes tos seca gomina cabellera taln hipo cadera mandbula rin Cojear
[ [

crimen

's r l] 'sm gl
]

sirial

crimen crimen crimen 5

smaglin

[stb]
[ [ [

'str g l] :f] 'tra l]

strangol ziif traial

crimen crimen crimen cuerpo 5

[bl :d]
[

blid
]

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo 5 5 5

'bl :d

blding blemis blad

['blem ] [bl d]

[brest]
[bre ] [br :]
[ [

brez briz bruuz bild bolching

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

br :z] b ld]

[b ld ing] [k :f] / [k :vz])

[t n]
[

chin

cuerpo cuerpo

'kl :n' e v n]
cuf elbau ai aibrau ailas ailid fnga

[k :v]

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo

['elb ]
[

['a bra ] ['a l ] ['a l d] ['f g ] [fle ] [f t] [f :t]) ['f :r :m] ['f r d, us 'f :hed]
['f g ]

5 5 5 5 5

foram frid fga

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo

5 5 5 6 5 5 5 5

[gr t]
[

'hk

][

k f]

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo jil jcap jip yoo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo Cuerpo

[d el]

[h :l]
[

'h k p] :]

[h p] [d
['k dn ] [l mp]

69

EOI Laredo
lip lump lung migraine mouth nail neck nose nostril palm plait pop-up eyes queasy rundown runny scar scratch scratch (to) shin shoulder sight skin skull sole spot sprain (to) stiff stomach sweat (to) swelling tattoo thigh throat throbbing headache thumb toe tongue twist (to) upset stomach waist weight wig wrist ace labio bulto pulmn migraa, jaqueca boca ua cuello nariz fosa nasal palma trenza ojos saltones mareado agotado que moquea, lloroso cicatriz araazo rayar, araar, rascar espinilla hombro vista piel (humana) craneo, calavera planta grano, mancha torcerse, hacerse un esguince de endurecido, agarrotado estmago sudar hinchazn tatuaje muslo garganta dolor de cabeza punzante pulgar dedo del pie lengua torcerse, retorcer malestar estomacal cintura peso peluca mueca as, campen

[l p]
[l mp] [l
[

cuerpo cuerpo lang mgrein mauz neil cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo

5 5 5

]
]

['m :gre n, us 'ma gre n]

ma nek]

[ne l]
[

[n

z]

nouz nostril pam

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

['n str l] [p :m]

[plt]
[ [ [

'kw :z 'r n

cuisi

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo

'r nda n]
]

[sk : ] [skrt ] [skrt ]

sca

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo

[ n]

sin

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo

['

ld ]

souda sait

[sa t]
[sk n]

[sk l] [s l] [sp t]
[spre n]
[

scol soul

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo 5 5

st f]
stomak sget
]

['st m k]
[ [

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

swet] 'swel

suelin tatu zai

[t 't :]

[ a] [ r
[

t]
]

zrout

' r b m] ]

zrobin
zam tou tan

[ [t

/t /
[tw st]

[we st] [we t] [w g]

[r st] [e s]

geist geit gig

cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo cuerpo deporte

70

EOI Laredo
athlete athletics beat (to) bluff bodybuilding bounce (to) captain championship cheer (to) circuit climb (to) club coach course court crowd cup cyclist dealer discus diving pool draw event fit gear get fit (to) goalkeeper hiking hippodrome hoop in shape injury jacuzzi javelin lead-up net performance pitch race referee sauna score shoot (to) slope atleta atletismo ganarle (a una persona, equipo...) farol culturismo rebotar (baln), hacer (re)botar capitn campeonato aplaudir, ovacionar circuito escalar, ascender palo (golf) entrenador recorrido cancha, pista multitud, pblico copa ciclista repartidor de cartas disco pileta de saltos (piscina) empate prueba en forma equipacin, ropa ponerse en forma portero ( de un equipo) senderismo hipdromo aro en forma lesin, herida jacuzzi jabalina perodo preparatorio red actuacin, rendimiento campo, terreno de juego (deporte) carrera rbitro sauna marcador lanzar, disparar, chutar, tirar ladera, pendiente (pista de esqu)

[ [

' l :t] 'let k]

zliit azltiks

deporte deporte deporte

[b :t] [bl f]
[

blaf
]

deporte deporte deporte

'b d b ld

[ba ns]
['kpt n]
[

kaptin

deporte deporte

't mp n p]
] chia sirkit

[t

deporte deporte deporte

['s :k t] [kla m]

[kl b]
[k

clob couch coos coot craud cap

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte

t ]

[k :s] [k :t]

[kra d]
[k p]
[

'sa kl st]
diila discos daivin puul droo

['d :l ]
[

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte

'd sk s]

[dr :]
[

'vent] g
guia

[f t]
[ ]

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte 5 5

['g

lk :p ] m]

glkiper jaikin jpodrom juup

[ha k ]
[ [

'h p dr h :p] ' nd r

]

nyeri yacusi yvelin liidap

[d 'k :z ]
[ [

'd v l n] 'l :d p] p 'f :m ns] re s]

[net]
[

pefomans

deporte deporte deporte

[p t ]
[

[ref 'r :]

refer sona scoo suut sloup

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte

['s :n ]
[sk : ]

[
[

:t] p]

sl

71

EOI Laredo
spectator sport facilities stroke supporter swim cap- swimming cap swimming pool track train (to) trainers training trekking trophy warm up (to) whistle win (to) wrestling challenge checker criticism espectador instalaciones deportivas estilo (natacin) hincha gorro de bao piscina pista entrenar zapatillas de deporte entrenamiento senderismo trofeo calentar pitido, silbato ganar (un partido, medalla...) lucha reto, desafo pen (ajedrez) am crtica pen (ajedrez) bt campo a travs rival, adversario flexiones (ejercicio) raqueta abdominales (ejercicio) zancada Sudor cinta de correr caminata hacer ejercicio entrenamiento cuadrcula mucho ruido y pocas nueces acomodado poder pagar, permitirse el lujo de activo, recurso apostar por fianza (evitar carcel) estar sin blanca, no tener un duro vivir en la miseria estar sin un duro estar valorada apostar (sobre algo en general) billete (usa) despilfarrar corredor de apuestas
[

[spek'te t ]
[

espek-titor strouk soprter

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte

str

k]

[s 'p :t ] [kp]
[

trk] 'tre n 'tre n

] trines
]

[tre n]
[ [ ]

deporte deporte deporte 5

[trek ['tr

f]

trufi gisel

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte

['w s l]
[

'resl

['t l nd ] ['t ek ] ['kr t s z m] ['dr :ftsm n] [ 'p

chlench checa crtisizem droftsman opunent

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 5 5 6 5 6 5

draughtsman
off road opponent press-ups racquet / racket sit-ups stride sweat tredmill trek work out (to) workout grid much ado about nothing affluent afford (to) asset back (to) bail be broke (to) be on the bread line (to) be without a penny to your name (to) be worth (to) bet (to) bill blow (to) bookmaker / bookies

n nt]

['pres ps] ['rk t] [stra d]

/swet/
['tredm l]
[

suet

deporte deporte deporte deporte deporte dibujo

trek]

['w :ka t] [gr d]

/ 'du:/
['fl [ 'f :d]

adu

dicho dinero

nt]
efood

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero 6 5 5 5 5

['set]
[ [

bk] be l]

bet]
] blou

dinero dinero dinero dinero 5

[b l] [bl

['b kme k ]

72

EOI Laredo
['b k ] boost (to) borrow from (to) bounty hunter break-in budget can afford (to) can not make ends meet cash cash box cash machine Cashpoint card change change pounds into euros (to) charge for (to) cheque claim coin consumer society correct money cost (to) cost of living costly credit card currency Debit card deposit discount donation downturn draw (to) earn (to) exchange (to) exchange rate fare fees fiasco Financially fine for free fund (to) funding fund-raising gamble (to) good value for money grand aumentar, empujar hacia arriba pedir prestado cazador de recompensas robo presupuesto poder afrontar no poder llegar a fin de mes dinero en efectivo caja para el dinero cajero automtico Tarjeta de cajero automtico cambio cambiar libras en euros cobrar, cargar por cheque, taln reclamacin moneda sociedad de consumo dinero exacto costar coste de la vida costoso tarjeta de crdito moneda (de un pas), divisas Tarjeta de dbito entrada, depsito descuento donativo descenso, baja rifar ganar (dinero) intercambiar tipo de cambio tarifa (transporte) cuotas , honorarios fracaso Econmicamente multa gratis, de manera gratuita pagar, financiar, patrocinar financiacin, fondos recaudacin de fondos, colecta apostar (implica dinero) buena relacin calidad-precio mil dolares
[ [

bu:st] 'ba nt ] ['h nt

]

buust

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero Dinero

5 5 6 6

baunti
badchit efood

['b d t] [ 'f :d]

[t e nd ]

cheinch

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero 6 5

chaach

t ek] n]

chek

[kle m] [k

[k n'sj :m ] [k 'rekt] corrkz

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero

6 5

['k

stl

['k r ns ] ['deb t] [d 'p z t] ['d ska nt] [d

crensi

dinero Dinero dinero 6 6 6

dscaunt

dinero dinero

'ne

n]
daun-ten dro een ikscheinch

['da nt :n]

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero 6 6 6 5 6 6 5

[dr :]
[ :n] [ ks't e nd ] [ ks't e nd ] [fe ] [f :]
[

f 'sk
[fa n]

dinero

[fa 'nn

l ]

Dinero dinero dinero fand dinero dinero dinero gambol dinero dinero dinero

[f nd]

/'f nd / /'f nd're z /

[

'gmb l] grnd]

73

EOI Laredo
grant greedy Hard up heritage high stakes imbalance in debt in the red income inflation inherit from (to) instalment interest interest rates introduction invest (to) invoice it costs a fortune jackpot lend to (to) lives beyond their means loan lump sum millonaire money money / time to spare Money-wise mortgage note outgoings overdraft owe (to) pay back (to) pay by credit card (to) pay for (to) pay in cash (to) pay me back pay off (to) peniless period piggy bank pocket money pound priceless profit purse beca codicioso (dinero) Pobre, apurado (de dinero) herencia apuestas grandes, de alto riesgo desequilibrio endeudado en nmeros rojos ingresos, rentas inflacin heredar plazo (cuota), entrega inters tipos de inters presentacin, lanzamiento invertir factura cuesta una fortuna premio gordo prestar a vive por encima de sus posibilidades crdito, prstamo pago nico, suma total millonario dinero dinero / tiempo de sobra En cuanto al dinero hipoteca billete (uk), nota gastos descubierto deber devolver pagar con tarjeta de crdito pagar por pagar en efectivo devulveme el dinero cancelar, pagar una deuda sin un cntimo, sin dinero perodo hucha dinero suelto libra incalculable, que no tiene precio beneficio monedero
[

[gr :nt]
[

dinero griidi jritech dinero Dinero

6 6

'gr :d

'her t d

dinero dinero 5 5 6 5 6

[ste k] [ m'bl ns] [det] [' nk m] [ n'fle incom imbalans

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero

n]
injrit instlment ntrest

[ n'her t] [ n'st :lm nt]

dinero dinero dinero dinero 6 6

[' ntr st]

[' ntr st] [ ntr 'd k
[

n]

introdokson

dinero dinero

n'vest] s]
nvois yakpot

[' nv

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero

['d kp t] [b 'j nd]

6 6 6

[l

n]

loun

dinero dinero

[l mp] [s m] [m lj 'ne ] ['m n ] [spe ] ['m :g d ] [n [' [ milioner mni sper mguich nouch

dinero dinero dinero Dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero 6 6

t] v dr :ft]
]

ou

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero

6 6

/'penil s/ ['p r d] /'p gi/

['p k t] [pa nd] pokit... paund praisles prfit pors priod

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero 5 5

/'pra sl s /
['pr f t]

/p :rs /

74

EOI Laredo
raise (to) rate rent (to) repayment rip off (to) rip-off royalties save (to) savings Scrounge (to) share shareholder spend money like water (to) spend on (to) stake standard of living stock market succeed (to) success take out (to) tax tip trade in (to) turnover Utility bills waste (to) wealth wealthy well-off will worthless High absence art author background biology boarding school bookshop bookworm brainwave brush up on (to) chemistry comprehensive school degree recaudar tipo, tasa alquilar pago timar timo, estafa derechos de autor ahorrar ahorros Gorronear accin (bolsa) accionista gastar dinero como agua gastar en participacin (en un negocio) nivel de vida bolsa tener xito, triunfar xito sacar impuesto propina, consejo, punta comerciar en movimiento, facturacin Facturas de servicios (gas, electricidad, etc) despilfarrar, derrrochar riqueza rico acomodado, pudiente testamento, voluntad sin valor Colocn ausencia, falta arte autor formacin biologa internado librera ratn de biblioteca idea genial refrescar, reestudiar para recordar qumica ies en u.k. (acceso libre) ttulo, carrera ['bs ns] [ :t] [' : ] absens aat oza [ste k]

[re z] [re t] [r :'pe m nt]

[

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero

'r p f] lt ] s]
see rialti

['r

dinero dinero dinero Dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero 6 6 6 6 5 5 6 6

[se v] ['se v [' e ] [' e h [skra nd ]

ld ]

seeholder

[s k's :d] [s k'ses]

soksid sokss

dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero

[t p]
[tre d] ['t :n

tip

v ]
weist

dinero Dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero dinero guezles dinero Drogas educacin educacin educacin educacin bailolli educacin educacin educacin bkguom educacin educacin brs educacin educacin
compri-hnsiv

[j :'t l t ]
[

wel

gelz

[wel' f]
[w l]

5 6 5 6

/'w :rl s /

['bkgra nd] [ba ' l d ]

[

'b :d

['b k

p]

['b kw :m]

['bre nwe v]
[br
[

]
]

'kem str

[k mpr 'hens v]

educacin educacin

[d 'gr :]

75

EOI Laredo
discipline duster exam geography gifted give sb a hand (to) grade graduate grammar school have not got a clue (to) head-teacher history know sth inside out (to) language learn by heart (to) lecture library literature make a wild guess (to) mark marking maths memorize/ise (to) music notice board nursery school phd philosophy physics pick up (to) post-graduate primary school private school professor pupil religious school result revise (to) revision school report disciplina borrador, bayeta examen geografa talentoso, dotado echar una mano a alguien grado licenciado ies en u.k. (prueba de acceso) no tener ni idea director historia conocer algo a fondo, completamente idioma, lengua, lenguaje aprender de memoria profesor de universidad biblioteca literatura responder a la ligera, a locas nota puntuacin matemticas memorizar msica tabln de anuncios guardera doctor (ttulo acadmico) filosofa fsica aprender sobre la marcha master, post-graduado escuela de primaria colegio privado catedrtico alumno (nios pequeos) colegio religioso resultado repasar repaso boletn de notas

'd s pl n]
dsta igsm llgrafi

educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin

['d st ]
[

g'zm]

[d ' gr f ]
['g ft d]
[ [

gre d] 'grdj t]
grlluet grma

educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin

['grm ]

['h st r ]

jstori

['l ['lekt

gw d ] r ]
]

lngich lkcha laibrei ltricha

educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin 5

['la br r ]
['l t r t

/'m :k / [m s]
['mem ra z] ['mj :z k]
[ [

makin mazs mmorais misik

'n

t s] [b :d]
]

'n :s r

neeseri

educacin educacin

[p :e t 'd :]
[f 'l s f ] filsofi

educacin educacin educacin

['f z ks] ['grdj

[ [ [

t]
]

grlluet

educacin educacin educacin

'pra m r 'pra v t] pr 'fes r 'l d r 'z lt] 'va z] n]

]

profso pipo rilllos rislt

educacin educacin educacin educacin educacin

['pj
[ [

:p l] s]

[r

[r 'v

revson ripot seconderi / scondri

educacin educacin

[r 'p :t] ['sek nd r ]

secondary school set (to) spelling stage

escuela de secundaria mandar (deberes) ortografia etapa, fase

'sek ndri/
['spel [ste d ] ]

educacin educacin educacin

steich

educacin

76

EOI Laredo
state school stick to (to) strict student subject Take/sit an exam (to) teachers pet tell-tale term thoroughly timetable tutor uniform ballot paper constituency fight elections (to) Overturn (to) poll polling station run for (to) step aside (to) surface (to) turnout wrongdoing [nervous] breakdown distress awkward bland flow humble neatly quirky smooth staccato tidily ...a week by and large give a piece of one's mind (to) hardly ever start afresh (to) take pride in sthg (to) a fast life style a number of times a ten- minute-walk A while back abide by the law (to) colegio pblico atenerse a estricto estudiante, alumno asignatura, asunto hacer un examen el favorito del profesor acusica, chivato trimestre, perodo a fondo, concienzudamente horario profesor particular, tutor (univ.) uniforme papeleta electoral circunscripcin electoral presentarse a elecciones dar la vuelta votacin colegio electoral presentarse para apartarse salir a la superficie Participacin, asistencia mala conducta, falta crisis nerviosa malestar, angustia dificil, pesado, torpe soso fluidez modesto claramente, ntidamente extravagante suave, liso entrecortado ordenadamente, pulcramente ...a la semana en conjunto cantarle las cuarenta casi nunca empezar de nuevo enorgullecerse de algo un estido de vida rpido varias veces un paseo de diez minutos Hace un tiempo acatar la ley [ 'ba d] ebid
[ [

educacin

[st k]
[

educacin educacin stiudent sobyecz educacin educacin educacin educacin

str kt] :d nt]

['stj

[tel-te l]
[

educacin teem zreli educacin educacin educacin chita llnifoom educacin educacin elecciones elecciones elecciones elecciones 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5

t :m] r l ] 'ta mte b l] 'j :n f :m] 'bl t] k n'st tj fa t] v 't :n] p 'p l] l
]

['
[

['tj :t ]
[ [ [ [ [ [ [

balot ns
]

constituensi

poul poulin

elecciones elecciones elecciones elecciones elecciones elecciones

[ [ [ [

's :f s] 't :na t] 'wr d

]

seefis

elecciones enfermedad enfermedad estilo estilo estilo estilo estilo kueki smuuz estilo estilo estilo estilo expresion

'n :v s bre kda n] neevos

distres okgued

[d 'stres] [' :kw d] [blnd] [fl ] ['h mb l] ['n :tl ] ['kw :k ]

[sm :] /st 'k :t /'ta d i /

[

l :d

lach

expresion expresion expresion

'fre

efres

expresion expresion expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin

pra d]

6 6

77

EOI Laredo
above all according to act on sth (to) advice column afraid of again and again against the odds ahead of schedule all over the world all through along with also an hour and so on / etc anyway / anyhow apart from as a matter of fact as far as as far as (person/thing) be concerned as many as as regards as well as well as at hand at the end at the expense of mine at the meeting at times awhile back and forth bad at / good at badly enough be beat (to) Be bound to (to) be down in the dumps (to) be fed up (to) be friends with (to) be hooked (to) be hopeless at (to) be in (to) be in the limelight (to) be intent on (to) be keen on (to) be kind to sb (to) be liable to (to) be like (to) be likely to + verb (to) be on (to) + posesivo + own be out of date (to) sobre todo segn actuar conforme a algo consultorio (columna peridico) temeroso de una y otra vez contra pronstico antes de lo previsto por todo el mundo durante todo junto con tambin (en mitad de la frase) por hora etctera de todas maneras aparte de de hecho hasta en lo que a alguien o algo respecta tantos como en lo que se refiere tambin (al final de la frase) al igual que, as como entre manos al final (de algo) a costa ma en la reunin a veces un rato de un lado a otro malo en, bueno en suficientemente estar agotado Ser seguro que estar en un pozo estar harto , alicado ser amigo de estar enganchado ser negado para algo estar de moda ser el centro de atencin estar decidido a estar interesado en, aficionado a ser amable con alguien ser probable que decir (cuando se cuenta algo dicho por alguien imitndolo despus) ser probable que estar slo obsoleto, caducado
[

[ 'b v]

ebav

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin 5

['k l m]

clom

[ dz]

[ 'l
[

]
]

expresin olsou expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin maata expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin expresin expresin 5 5

' :ls

'en we ] ['en ha

['mt ]

[k n's :nd] [r 'g :d]

conseend rigadz

[ 'wa l]

5 5 6 6

b :t]

[d mp]

[h kt]

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

5 5

['la mla t]

n'tent]

['la b l]

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

78

EOI Laredo
Be related (to) be scared of (to) be walking distance (to) because of become friends with (to) Beforehand bite my tongue Black sheep blade of grass book worm bound to breakthrough by all means bygone Can I get past? cant help +verb +ing (to) carry out (to) cause for concern change ones tune (to) change ones mind (to) cheers! clap of thunder clear the air (to) click with someone (to) close up colon come off it! comfort zone count on (to) cross ones mind (to) Date back to/from dear sir / madam devote oneself to sthg/ing (to) different from Do not see eye to eye dos and donts draw the line (to) drift apart (to) due to either...or... enforce the law (to) enter a place (to) ever since every now and then every other day Fact or fiction? fall out (to) Family get-together Estar relacionado tener miedo de estar a unos pasos a causa de hacerse amigo de De antemano morderme la lengua Oveja negra brizna de hierba ratn de biblioteca destinado a gran avance por supuesto, faltara mas de otro tiempo, pasado Me deja pasar no poder evitar llevar a cabo, realizar razn para preocuparse cambiar de opinin cambiar de opinin salud! (brindis) trueno calmar los aires, templar los animos conectar con alguien primer plano dos puntos venga ya! entorno (vida establecida) contar con, confiar en pasarse por la cabeza Datar de, remontar a estimado seor / seora dedicarse a algo diferente de Opinar de manera muy diferente lo que se debe y no debe hacer no tolerar, marcar el lmite distanciarse debido a o...o... hacer cumplir la ley entrar a un lugar desde entonces de vez en cuando das alternos verdadero o falso? pelearse Reuniones familiar [f :l] [dr ft] ['md m] [d 'v ['kr ]
[

[r 'le t d] [ske t] skert

Expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin

6 5

6 6 6

[ba t] [t [ble d]

expresin Expresin expresin expresin expresin

['bre k ru:] ['ba g n]

expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin expresin

5 6

k :z] [k n's :n]

kos conseen
chuun chiis

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

[tj :n] [t ]

[klp]

'kl

s p] l n]
clon

['k

expresin expresin expresin

5 6 6 6

['k mf t]
[ka nt] cunt

expresin expresin Expresin expresin

t]

divout

expresin expresin Expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

5 6 5

[dj :]
[ n'f :s] enfos

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin pv Expresin

6 6

79

EOI Laredo
fast-paced fill sb in on (sth) (to) flip a coin flip side for ages for one another for one thing For the sake of it four out of ten / four in ten from the looks of it from the outset get a kick out of (to) get a taste of (to) Get hold of (to) get in touch with get involved (to) get ones own back on someone (to) get round to (to) get sthg bug (to) give a lift (to) give birth (to) give sb a hand (to) give sb the creeps (to) give someone a hard time (to) give something a go (to) give sth a try (to) go dutch (to) go nuts (to) Go with your gut feeling (to) goings-on happen to see (to) have a good time (to) have a laugh (to) have a say (to) heat exhaustion high five hit it off (to) hold on a second hopefully how long... however I cant be bothered to + verb I will get back to you i.e. (id est) I m off immediately in a hurry / rush in a row vertiginoso, de rtmo acelerado poner a alguien al corriente de algo echar una moneda al aire la otra cara durante aos, una eternidad el uno para el otro por un lado, para empezar Por si acaso 4 de diez por lo que parece desde el principio disfrutar de probar, saborear Hacerse con (obtener) ponerse en contacto con involucrarse vengarse de alguien sacar tiempo para hacer algo obsesionarse con algo dar una vuelta, llevar a alguien (coche) dar a luz echar a alguien una mano dar a alguien escalofros, repels hacer pasar un mal rato a alguien dar una oportunidad a algo intentar hacer algo pagar a medias volverse loco Seguir tu instinto chanchullos ver por casualidad pasarlo bien echar unas risas tener algo que decir golpe de calor chcala, choca esos cinco caerse bien espera un segundo (al telfono) con un poco de suerte cunto tiempo... sin embargo, no obstante Me da pereza te contestar esto es, es decir me voy al momento con prisa seguido [g [kr :ps] [t t ] [ n'v lvd] toch invud expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin 6 5 6 5

5 6

5 5 6

b g]

bag

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

5 6 5

[d t ] [n ts]
nats

expresin expresin Expresin 6

z' n]

expresin expresin expresin lof expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin 6 5

[l :f] [h :t] [ g'z :st

n]

egzstion

'h

pf l
]

jopfuli jaueve

ha 'ev

/'a 'i:/
[ 'm :d
[

expresin expresin

tl ] r ]

imdiat-li jri / ras

expresin expresin expresin

'h r

]/[

80

EOI Laredo
in a sense in both in brackets in case in colour in hope in joint in return for in search of in the daytime in the end in the long run in the shade in turn in two months in twos indeed indulge yourself! instead of interested in it is worth it its my fault its the other way round its up to you just in case keep going (to) kind of last will lastly leave for (to) leave out (to) lifelong little by little live happily ever after (to) look forward to+ ing (to) look out lying around make a living (to) make a reservation (to) make an appoinment (to) make or break make resolutions (to) make the most of (to) midday miss the point (to) more or less most likely mr mrs ms en cierto modo igual, tanto entre parntesis por si de color espero en conjunto a cambio de en busca de de da finalmente (como conclusin) a la larga a la sombra a su vez, sucesivamente en dos meses en parejas en realidad date un capricho en vez de interesado en merece la pena es mi culpa es al revs tu eliges por si acaso continuar ms o menos , como ltima voluntad por ltimo, finalmente ir a omitir de toda la vida poco a poco vivir felices por siempre tener ganas de, esperar cuidado! ojo! a la vista ganarse la vida hacer una reserva ['brk t] ['k l ] [h [d cola expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin seech expresin expresin expresin expresin sid expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin ] vida expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin C1 5 6

p] nt]

[s :t ]
['de ta m]

e d]

indid [ n'd ld ] indolch

[ n'sted]

...fout

['l :stl ] [l :v]

['la fl

[rez 've

n]

recevison

expresin expresin expresin 5 5

pedir una cita [ 'p lograrlo o morir (la hora de la verdad) hacer propsitos aprovechar medioda no captar la idea, no entender ms o menos lo ms probable seor (soltero o casado) seora (casada) seora (soltera o casada)

ntm nt]

[rez 'l :

n]

rezoluson

expresin expresin

[m d'de ]

expresin expresin expresin expresin mster msis mess expresin expresin expresin

'la kl

['m st ] ['m s s] [m z, m z]

81

EOI Laredo
name but two/a few (to) never ever next next up no longer no way no wonder not at all Not to be on speaking terms not to my knowledge noun phrase on holiday on ones behalf on the go on the negative side on the other hand on the run oncoming one between two opinion on out loud out of shape overall overhanging part of speech plenty of pluck up the courage to (to) pretty much the same put in (to) quiet a lot of quite a bit rather than refuse point-blank remind sb of sth reward and punishment right now rings under eyes Run in one's family run out of sth (to) secondly semi-colon sense of relief set a goal set the trend (to) short for short list single-handed sit around (to) six out of ten Skeleton in the cupboard slow down (to) por nombrar dos/algunos nunca jams luego, despues el prximo, siguiente ya no de ningn modo no es de extraar de nada, en absoluto No hablarse (por estar enfadados) que yo sepa no grupo nominal de vacaciones en nombre o de parte de uno en marcha en el lado negativo por otro lado a la carrera, deprisa y corriendo que se acerca (en sentido contrario) uno entre dos opinin de en voz alta fuera de forma en conjunto saliente, que sobresale parte de la oracin ms que suficiente, de sobra armarse de valor para ms o menos lo mismo dedicar, disponer, invertir ms que de sobra bastante ms que negarse en redondo recordar a alguien algo recompensa y castigo en este momento ojeras Que se da en la familia de uno (caracterstica) quedarse sin algo en segundo lugar punto y coma sensacin de alivio marcarse una meta marcar estilo abreviatura de preseleccin de candidatos (lista) a solas quedarse sentado sin hacer nada 6 sobre diez Esqueleto en el armario hacer algo ms despacio, reducir ['n l d ] nlich expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin laud expresin expresin expresin expresin spiich expresin expresin expresin prti expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin rigud expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin
[

5 6

5 6

6 5

[b 'h :f]

6 6

[la d] ['

v r :l]

[sp :t ]

[ [

pl k] ['k r d 'pr t
]

[r 'fj :z] [p nt'bl k]

rifiuz

[r 'ma nd]
[r 'w :d] ['p n m nt]

'sek ndl
[sem 'k

scondli

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin 6 5

l n]

semiclon rilf goul

[r 'l :f] [g

l]

[s

g l'hnd d]

82

EOI Laredo
small talk so far so far so good so much so that sort of speak your mind speed dating speeding spelling mistake Shopping spree start someone off on sthg (to) Steer clear of (to) stick to your guns (to) straight on straight up strengths and weaknesses such as take an advise (to) take care of (to) take it easy (to) take revenge (to) take the eyes off (to) tell a lie (to) tell the truth (to) thats it the bubble burst the following day the more... the less the next day the opposite of the same...as... there is no point (in) doing three times running be off the ground (to) have it in for someone (to) have surgery (to) name after (to) to some extend to this day touch a raw nerve (to) unlike up ahead up to use by date very advanced age wait around (to) what a shame! when it comes to whereas charla, conversacin informal hasta ahora de momento bien tanto de modo que, para que como, de cierta manera di lo que piensas cita rpida, encuentro corto exceso de velocidad falta de ortografa Compra compulsiva, a lo loco iniciar a alguien en algo, inducir a alguien Mantenerse alejado, evitar mantenerse firme en sus ideas en linea recta, todo recto derecho hacia arriba fortalezas y debilidades tal como seguir un consejo atender a, ocuparse de tomrselo con calma tomar venganza apartar los ojos de... mentir decir la verdad basta, hasta aqu la burbuja explot el da siguiente cuanto ms... menos el da siguiente lo contrario lo mismo...que... no sirve de nada tres veces seguidas despegar (nacer, el origen) Tenrsela jurada a alguien operarse tomar el nombre de hasta cierto punto hasta el da de hoy tocar un tema sensible a diferencia de ms adelante hasta fecha de caducidad muy avanzada edad esperar, perder el tiempo qu vergenza! cuando se refiere mientras que
[

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

['sp :d
['spel [spr :] ]

expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin 5 6 6

[ d'va z]

edvis

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin 6

[r 'vend ] [la ] [tr : ] ['b b l] truz babol

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin Expresin 5

5 6 6

['s :d

r ]

sedyeri

expresin Nombres expresin expresin C1 6 6 5

[n :v]
[

neef

expresin expresin

n'la k]
ejed

[ 'hed]

expresin expresin expresin

d'v :nst]

edvanst

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

we r'z]

gerez

83

EOI Laredo
which is why wind sb up (to) wine and dine sb with each other world fair youre wellcome your interest may fade your mouth waters yours faifthfully yours truly Crowning moment pull your socks up think hard (to) an only child aunt Breadwinner brother cousin extended family father Father figure grandparents great-grandparents great-great-grandparents half-brother (sister) in-laws Kin large family mother nice parents relatives sibling single-parent family sister Spouse step-brother (sister) Step-mother (father) uncle fancy dress pageant parade celebrate (to) christmas eve gift give away (to) marquee mass lo cual es por lo que quedarse con alguien, tomar el pelo llevar a alguien a un buen restaurante el uno con el otro, mutuamente exposicin universal de nada tu inters puede decaer se te hace la boca agua atentamente atentamente (carta) Momento cumber ponte las pilas pensar detenidamente hijo nico ta Sostn de la familia (persona) hermano primo-a clan familiar (familia en sentido amplio) padre Figura paterna abuelos bisabuelos tatarabuelos hermano de sangre familia poltica Familiares, parientes familia numerosa madre sobrina padres parientes hermano o hermana familia monoparental hermana Cnyuge hermanastro madrastra to disfraz desfile desfile celebrar, festejar nochebuena regalo regalar carpa misa
[

expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin expresin

/fe d/
['fe

expresin expresin

f l]

expresin expresin Expression expression expression familia familia Familia familia czen familia familia 6 6 6

/ kra n /

[ :nt] ['bredw n ] ['br ] ['k z n]

['f : ] ['f g ] ['grnpe r nts]

familia Familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia familia Spaus Familia familia familia familia 6 6 6

[' nl :z] [k n] ['m ]

[n :s]
['pe r nt] ['rel t v]

['s bl ]

[spa s]

['

k l]
]

'fns

fiesta

5 5

/'pd

nt/

payent perid slebreit

fiesta fiesta fiestas fiestas fiestas fiestas

/p 're d/
[

'sel bre t] g ft]

[m :'k :] [ms]

maqui

fiestas fiestas

84

EOI Laredo
santa / santa claus Nativity scene pap noel, santa claus nacimiento, beln

['snt 'kl :z]

[s :n]

santa cloz

fiestas fiestas

service oficio (religioso) The three kings / the three wise men) los reyes magos wedding reception Banquete de bodas bar emblem grid square triangle from time to time now and then off and on apricot apple banana cherry grape orange peach plum strawberry ally arrow blow up (to) bow break out (to) bullet cannon capture (to) casualty ceasefire civil war civilian coup declare (to) defeat (to) force loot (to) machine gun missile Morale overthrow (to) refugee retreat (to) barra emblema rejilla, cuadrcula cuadrado, casilla tringulo de tanto en tanto, a veces de vez en cuando de vez en cuando albaricoque manzana pltano cereza uva naranja melocotn ciruela fresa aliado flecha explotar

['s :v s]
[wa z] [b : ] ['embl m] [gr d]

sevis

fiestas fiestas fiestas

baa mblem

forma forma forma 5

[skwe ]
['tra

scu

forma forma frecuencia frecuencia frecuencia fruta

g l]

triangol

['e pr k t]
[ [

'p l] b 'n :n
[gre p]
]

pol banana

fruta fruta fruta fruta

' r nd
[p :t ] [pl m]

rench

fruta fruta fruta

'str :b r
] ] ]

estroberi alai arou

fruta guerra guerra guerra 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

['la ]
['r [bl

arco [b desatarse, estallar (violencia, guerra) bala caon capturar, apresar vctima alto el fuego guerra civil civil golpe de estado declarar derrotar fuerza saquear ametralladora misil Moral, estado de nimo derrocar (gobierno) refugiado retirarse

bou bulit cnon ] capcha cshuelti sisfaia

guerra guerra guerra guerra guerra guerra guerra guerra

['b l t] ['kn n] ['kpt ['k j [s :s'fa [s 'v lj n] [k : ] [d 'kle ] [d 'f :t] [f :s]
[

lt ]
]

['s v l] [w : ] sivilien kuu

guerra guerra guerra guerra

foos

guerra guerra guerra guerra Guerra

l :t]

lut
macssin

[m ' :n] [g n] ['m sa l] [m 'r :l] [

v ' r

ouvezrou refuyii

guerra guerra guerra

[refj 'd :] [r 'tr :t]

85

EOI Laredo
revolution shell (to) shield siege Slaughter (to) sniper spear surrender (to) survivor sword treachery treaty troops withdraw (to) access (to) computer look through internet (to) city council town hall butt in (to) counter flip a coin (to) heads or tails Play tag (to) Rite splash (to) Thrill toss a coin (to) dall command hyphen ie (i.e. id est) object phrase prompt register request subject typo another Hand down (to) other rinse (to) desert roadside overnight straightforward revolucin bombardear escudo sitio Masacrar francotirador lanza rendirse superviviente espada Traicin tratado tropas replegarse acceder a ordenador mirar, echar un vistazo por internet ayuntamiento (institucin) ayuntamiento (edificio) interrumpir ficha echar a rodar una moneda cara o cruz Jugar al corre que te pillo Rito chapotear Emocin, ilusin echar a cara o cruz mueca orden guin es decir objeto expresion, locucin Apunte (recordatorio) registro, modo idiomtico peticin, solicitud sujeto errata otro Transmitir, legar otro, otros enjuagar (la boca) desierto borde de la carretera repentino sencillo [rev 'l : [ el]

n]

revelucson shel siild siidch

guerra guerra guerra guerra Guerra

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

[ :ld]
[s :d ] ['sl :t ] ['sna p ]

snaipe spia serenda sevaive sood

guerra guerra guerra guerra guerra Guerra

[sp

[s 'rend ] [s 'va v ] [s :d] ['tret ['tr :t ] [tr :ps] [w 'dr :] ['kses]

[

r ]
triiti

guerra guerra

gizdro kses
]

guerra informtica informtica informtica institucin institucin interrumpir

k m'pj :t

compiuta siti caunsel

[b t] ['ka nt ] caunta

5 5 5 6 6 6 6 5 5

juegos juegos juegos Juegos Juegos

/hedz/
[ra t]
[

spl

juegos Juegos juegos dol comand jaifen bllet freis juguetes lengua lengua lengua lengua lengua lengua
]

[ r l] [t s] [d l]

[k 'm :nd]
/'ha f n/

[' bd kt]
/fre z/
[pr mpt]
[

5 6

'red st

redyista ricust sbllet taipo anada ada

lengua lengua lengua lengua lenguaje Lenguaje lenguaje limpieza

[r 'kwest]
['s bd kt] [ 'n ] [' ]

5 5 6 5 5

[r ns]
['dez t] ['r [ dzet

lugar lugar

dsa d] v 'na t]
ouvenait streitfguod

manera manera

5 5

[stre t'f :w d]

86

EOI Laredo
unlike bait coastline fishing rod hook life belt life jacket line reel seafront seaside starfish cardboard landfill linen rubber rubble throwaway wax bug swine flue lead choir drum lyrics jewish bank blossom (to) layer overlooking rock saltwater sunrise sunset / sundown terrain a / one hundred accuracy chart kilometre love metre mile multiply by (to) nil nought a diferencia de cebo costa, litoral caa de pescar anzuelo flotador salvavidas chaleco salvavidas sedal carrete (caa) paseo martimo costa, costero, playa estrella de mar cartn basurero lino goma escombros desechable cera virus gripe porcina plomo coro tambor letra (de una cancin) judo orilla (ro) florecer capa con vistas a roca de agua salada salida del sol puesta de sol terreno cien (one es ms especfico) exactitud cuadro, tabla, grfico (informacin) kilmetro cero (tenis) metro milla multiplicar por cero (deportes), nada cero (para decir decimales obligatorio)

n'la k]
beit kostlain

manera mar mar mar juk mar mar yaket mar mar mar sifront mar mar mar kaadbod material material material rba rbol material material material material medicina medicina metal ] cuaia musica msica msica yuis nacionalidad naturaleza blosom leia naturaleza naturaleza naturaleza naturaleza soltgota naturaleza naturaleza naturaleza terin jndred akiurasi chat naturaleza nmeros nmeros Nmeros nmeros nmeros nmeros nmeros mltiplai nmeros nmeros nmeros

5 5

[be t] ['k [r d] [h k]

stla n]

5 5

[belt] /'d k t/
[la n] [r :l] ['s :fr nt] ['s :sa d]

5 5 5 5

['st :f ] ['k :db :d]

[['l n n] ['r b ]

5 5 5

['r b l] [' r
[wks] [b g] [swa n] [led] ['kwa

5 5 5 5 5 5

we ]

zrouegey gaks bag suain

[dr :]
['l r k]

dram

/'d u: /
[b

k] ]

5 5 5 5

['bl s m]

['le
[r k]

['s :ltw :t ]
['s nra z] ['s nset] [t 're n] ['h ndr d] ['kj r s ]
[ [

6 6

t k l

:t] 'm :t
] ]

kilomite mite

[ [

'm :t ma l]

['m lt pla ] [n l] [n :t]

87

EOI Laredo
o odds per cent ratio statistics threesome up to zero gripping haunting heavy-going implausible intringuing moving thought-provoking italian kingdom norwegian affectionate aggressive agile airhead ambitious (un-) angry assertive bigheaded bigoted bold boring bossy brave caring cautious charming cheerful clever clumsy committed competitive conceited confident conscientious could-blooded crazy cruel cunning cero (al decir un nmero) probabilidades por ciento proporcin, ratio estadsticas trio hasta (numeros) cero (matemticas, ciencias) apasionante emocionante, inquietante duro de seguir inverosmil intrigante emotivo, conmovedor estimulante, que hace pensar italiano reino noruego carioso agresivo, violento gil cabeza hueca ambicioso enfadado enrgico, autoritario creido intolerante audaz, valiente, negrita (color) aburrido mandn valiente bondadoso prudente, cauto encantador alegre inteligente patoso, torpe comprometido, entregado competitivo engreido, presuntuoso seguro aplicado, serio despiadado, cruel loco, disparatado (idea) cruel astuto
[ [

nmeros nmeros pea sent reisio nmeros nmeros nmeros zruisam nmeros nmeros nmeros ] ] opinin opinin opinin opinin opinin opinin 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5

[ dz]
[

p : ] [sent]
]

['re
[

st 't st ks]

[ r :s m]
['z r ['gr p ['h :nt ]

[ m'pl :z b l] [ n'tr :g ['m :v [ ] ]

:tpr 'v

] itlian kndom

opinin paises paises paises personalidad agrsif yaill personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

[ 'tlj n]

['k d m]
[n :'w :d
[ 'fek n t]

n]

noorgchen

[ 'gres v]
['d a l] [m'b ['
[

5 5

s]

ambsus ngri eseetif

gr ]

's :t v]
[b g'hed d]

'b g t d] ld]

biguetid
boud

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

5 5

[b

['b s ]

bre v] s] :m f l]
clmsi ] coosus

/'ker /
['k : ['t ['t

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

['klev ] ['kl mz ]

/k 'm t d /
[k n's :t d] ['k nf d nt] consitid

personalidad personalidad personalidad

[k n 'en s]
/k ld'bl d d/
coulbladid cruul cnin ['kre z ] [kr : l] ['k n ]

6 5 5 5

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

88

EOI Laredo
dashing dazzling determined devious disobedient domineering drag dumb easygoing eccentric elegant extravagant extrovert fashionable ferocious fibber foolish freakish friendly (un-) fussy generous grumpy happy-go-lucky hard-working honest (dis-) imaginative (un-) indecisive independent inquisitive insane insecure insincere introvert jealous kind (un-) lazy like-minded mad manipulative mean moody mystirious nervous nuts obnoxious optimistic organized (dis-) outgoing oversensitive elegante, gallardo deslumbrante resuelto, decidido artero, taimado desobediente dominante pesado, latoso tonto, bobo de trato fcil, afable excntrico elegante derrochador, extravagante extrovertido de moda, elegante feroz cuentista estpido, tonto inusual, raro amable quisquilloso, exigente generoso grun despreocupado trabajador honesto imaginativo indeciso independiente muy curioso loco, demente inseguro falso, poco sincero introvertido celoso, envidioso amable, simptico perezoso concienciado, de la misma opinin loco, demente manipulador tacao variable, caprichoso, malhumorado misterioso nervioso chiflado, loco odioso optimista ordenado sociable hipersensible
[

'd

dasin ]
ditemind dvios

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

5 5

['dzl
[

d 't :m nd] s] nt]

]

['d :v

[d s 'b :d
[ [ [

disobdient dominiring

d m 'n r drg] d m]
]

5 5 5 5 6 5

dam isigoing eksntrik legant kstravagant xtrovet fersos

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

[ :z 'g ['el g nt]

[ k'sentr k] [ k'strv g nt]

[f 'r

s]

['f b ]
['f :l ] fules friks

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

5 6

['f s ] ['d en r s] llneros grampi

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad 6

['gr mp ]

[ 'md n t v] /' nd 'sa s v/

[ n'kw z t v] [ n'se n] [ ns 'kj ]

imllinatif indesaisif incuisitiv insein

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad 5 5

[ ns n's
[' ntr ['d el s]

insinsr ntrovert

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad 5 5

v :t]

'la kma nd d]
maad

[md]

personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad

['n :v s]
[ [

neevos nats

5 5 5

n ts] b'n k s]

obnoksos
ganaiz

[' :g na z]

89

EOI Laredo
overwhelmed patient (im-) pessimistic playful proud punctual quiet reckless reliable (un-) responsible (ir-) rude self-assured self-centred self-confident selfish (un-) self-sufficient sensible sensitive (in-) show-off show-off (to) shy silly sociable (un-) spoilt stark stunning stupid talkative tame tasteless terrified tidy (un-) tight-fisted timid tolerant trickster trouble-maker understanding unfaithful unpleasant vain Vengeful vindictive warm-hearted abuse (to) acquaintance aim at (to) alike appeal (to) agobiado paciente pesimista juguetn orgulloso puntual callado imprudente, temerario de fiar responsable maleducado, grosero seguro de s mismo egocntrico seguro de s mismo egoista autosuficiente sensato sensible fanfarrn, fantasma Farolear, jactarse tmido tonto sociable mimado, malcriado loco de atar deslumbrante estpido hablador manso, domesticado sin gusto aterrado ordenado tacao tmido tolerante embaucador alborotador comprensivo infiel desagradable, antiptico vanidoso, presumido vengativo vengativo afectuoso, carioso insultar, maltratar conocido dirigir hacia parecido, semejante atraer ['ple f l] ouvegelmt pisent personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad praud personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad ruud personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad ] stanin tokativ [te m] personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad teis-les trrifai tidi personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad tmid tlerant personalidad personalidad personalidad personalidad ] andstandin personalidad personalidad amplesent vein personalidad personalidad Personalidad personalidad personalidad abiuz ecuntens personas personas personas personas epil personas 5 6 5 6 5 5 5 6 5 6 5 5 5 6 5 6 5 5

[pra d]
['p

ktj

l]

pnchual cuayet rekles

['rekl s] [r 'la b l] [r 'sp ns b l]

[r :d]
[

self '

d]

selfisd selfsntred

[self'-sent d]

'selfs 'f

nt/

sai

['s
[st :k] ['st n

b l]

ssebol

'te stl s/
[

'ter fa

[ta t'f st d]
[

't m d]

['t l r nt]

/'tr kst r /
[ nd 'stnd [ n'fe [ve n] ['vend f l]

f l]

[ n'plez nt]

[v n'd kt v] [w :m'h :t d] [ 'bj :s]

[ 'kwe nt ns]

[e m]
[ 'la k]

[ 'p :l]

90

EOI Laredo
argue (to) argument arrange (to) autograph be fond of (to) be Xyears sb junior (to) behind my back biased blush (to) bride burst out laughing (to) citizenship clash complement confess (to) + ing congratulate on (to) counterpart craze dare (to) debate deceive (to) deed disabled discuss (to) discussion draft dump (to) dweller elderly Entice (to) faint (to) fall apart (to) Fall for (to) feminine fianc fiance forget about (to) foster frenzy gang Getting even girlfriend glance (to) Go for sb (to) groom discutir discusin, pelea arreglar, concertar autgrafo tener mucho cario a Ser Xaos ms joven que alguien a mis espaldas tendencioso, parcial ruborizarse novia (boda) echarse a reir ciudadana enfrentamiento halago, cumplido confesar (hacer algo) felicitar por homlogo, equivalente locura, moda atreverse, osar debate, discusin engaar hecho, acto minusvlido hablar de, debatir debate borrador, anteproyecto dejar, abandonar a una persona morador anciano Atraer, seducir desmayarse fracasar (una relacin) Enamorarse de femenino prometido (oficial) prometida (oficial) olvidarse (de algo) adoptivo frenes, histeria banda, pandilla Ajuste de cuentas novia, amiga (de mujer) echar un vistazo Ir en busca de novio (boda)
[ [

[' :gj :]
[

agui aguiument errinch tograf

personas personas personas personas personas Personas personas 5 5 5 6 6 6 5

' :gj m nt]

[ 're nd ] [' :t gr :f]

[

f nd] :nj ]

fond

['d

['ba st]
[bl
[ [ [

baiet blas braid best

personas personas personas personas personas personas

bra d] b :st] ||/'l :f / 's t z n p]

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 5

[kl ] ['k mpl m nt] cmpliment

personas personas personas personas personas personas

[k n'fes] [k n'grtj le t]
['ka nt p :t] [kre z] [de ] [d 'be t] [d 's :v]
[

dibit

personas personas personas personas

d :d]
discas

[d 'se b ld]
[d 'sk s]

personas personas personas personas

/d s'k
[dr :ft] [d mp]

n/

discason

5 6 6

dwel r ['eld l ]
[ n'ta s]

duela lderli

personas personas Personas personas

6 5 5 6 5

[fe nt]
[f :l] fool

personas Personas

'fem n n] nse / n se /
fians fiansi fosta frensi gueen

personas personas personas personas personas personas personas Personas personas personas Personas

/fi / fi

5 5 6 6 5 6

['f st ] ['frenz ]
[g ]

[gl :ns] gr :m]

personas

91

EOI Laredo
guy harass (to) hazard hop (to) human being Intimacy late life expectancy lifetime lookalike man / men mayor mistress Mourn (to) nag (to) nervousness noble object to + ing (to) On behalf of outsider overcome (to) overdo (to) partnership peer pen pal portrayal prevent from (to) puberty rave (to) rejection rely on (to) Resemble (to) riot run about (to) scold (to) Scold (to) scribble (to) self-esteem selft-doubt Settlement shiver (to) sidestep (to) signature silhouette sniff (to) spit (to) to, tipo acosar riesgo, peligro brincar, dar saltitos ser humano Intimidad difunto esperanza de vida vida doble (persona muy parecida a otra) hombre / hombres alcalde seora, amante Llorar, lamentar fastidiar, dar la lata nerviosismo noble oponerse a En nombre de desconocido, forastero superar, vencer exagerar vida en comn par, igual amigo de correspondencia retrato, caracterizacin prevenir de, evitar pubertad delirar rechazo confiar en parecerse a

ga

personas jares jazed jop personas personas personas personas Personas personas personas personas lkalaik maan / men mee mistris personas personas personas personas Personas nrvosnes personas personas personas 6 6 5 5 5 6 6 5 5 5 5 6 5 6 5 6 5 5

['hr s] ['hz d] [h p]

['hj :m n] ['b :
[' nt m s ] [le t] [ k'spekt ns ]

jiumen biin

/'l k la k/
[

mn] [men]

[me ]
['m str s]

m :n]
[ng]
['n
[

b l] obyect

b'd ekt]

personas Personas personas

[a t'sa d ] [ [ [p

v 'k m] v 'd :] p]

ouvecam

personas personas

['p :tn ]

paatnesip

personas personas personas personas

/'penpl/
[p :'tre
[

l]
privnt pibeti reif

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 5 5 6 6 5 5 5 6 5

pr 'vent]

personas personas personas personas

['pj :b t ] [re v] [r 'd ek [r 'la ]

n]
rilai rissmbol

personas personas personas personas

[r 'zemb l]
t] ld] ld]

disturbio ['ra corretear, andar de un lado para otro regaar Regaar garabatear autoestima falta de confianza asentamiento tiritar, temblar esquivar firma (manuscrita) silueta oler (persona), olfatear (animal) escupir
[

sk

scould

personas Personas personas

[sk

['skr b l] [ 'st :m] [self'da t] ['set lm nt] estiim selfdaut

personas personas Personas

[' v ]
[

siva

personas personas personas personas personas personas

'sa dstep]
]

saistep
sgnicha silut

['s gn t [s l :'et]
[

sn f]

[sp t]

92

EOI Laredo
stunt suspect take to (to) Track (to) Trait tremble (to) trust (to) turn (to) Unwittingly well-regarded widower woman / women worship (to) youngster anchovy bream cod hake salmon sardine sole tuna crop leaf (plural leaves) pest plant sunbathe (to) sunbed tan boycott campaign freedom liberty regain (to) Inner upside down other add up (to) altogether angle for (to) Apply to (to) ask around (to) ask out (to) be bored with (to) be prone (to) truco sospechoso coger cario a, tomar gusto a Seguirle la pista a rasgo, caracterstica (personalidad) temblar (nervios, emocin) confiar en cumplir (aos) Sin querer, sin darse cuenta bien considerado viudo mujer / mujeres adorar, venerar chico, jovencito anchoa besugo bacalao merluza salmn sardina lenguado atn cultivo, cosecha hoja plaga planta tomar el sol cabina de rayos uva bronceado boicot campaa libertad libertad (concepto abstracto) recobrar, recuperar Interior, interno al revs, boca abajo otro sumar, tener lgica totalmente estar a la caza de algo, andar detrs de Referirse a invitar a casa invitar a alguien a salir estar aburrido de ser propenso
[

st nt]

stant
sspekt

personas personas personas Personas personas

['s spekt]

[te k]
[tre t] ['tremb l] [tr st] trembol trast tenn

5 6 6 6 5 5 6 5

personas personas personas Personas personas

[t :n]
[ n'w t
[r

l]
] gidoue guoman / gimin

'g :did]

['w d
[

personas personas personas 5

'w m n] ['w m n] st ] v ]

['w : p] ['j llnste nchovi brim cod jeik smen saadin soul chuna ['nt [k d] [he k] ['sm n] [s :'d :n] [s

personas pescado pescado pescado pescado pescado pescado pescado pescado plantas plantas plantas plantas 5 5

l]

['tj :n ] [kr p]

[l :f] (plural [l :vz])

[pest] [pl :nt] ['s nbe ] ['s nbed]
[ [

sanbeid sanbed

playa playa playa 5 5 5 6 5 5 5 6 5

tn] 'b k t] 'fr :d m] 'l b t

]

bicot

poltica poltica

[km'pe n]
[ [ [

fridom lbeti riguein

poltica poltica poltica Posicin posicin

r 'ge n]

[' n ]

/' psa d/
[' ] [d] [ :lt 'ge ] [' oltugueda ango da

pronombre pv pv pv Pv pv pv 5 6 5

g l]

b :d] n]

bood
proun

pv pv

5 5

[pr

93

EOI Laredo
break down (to) break in (to) break up (to) bring back (to) bring up (to) brush aside (to) bump into someone (to) call off (to) calm down (to) carry on (to) catch up with sb (to) chase up (to) check on (to) check out (to) chop up (to) clear up (to) come across (to) Come close to (to) come down with (to) come into (to) come on (to) Come over (to) come round (to) come up against (to) come up with (to) consist of (to) cope (with) (to) cut back (to) cut down (to) cut off (to) cut out (to) do away with (to) do up (to) draw up (to) drop off (to) drop out (to) eat out (to) essay fall for (to) feel like + ing (to) Freak out (to) get around (to) get away with (to) get by (to) get hold of (to) Get on (to) get out of (to) get sth down give away (to) give in (to) Give out (to) averiarse, quedarse tirado forzar la entrada romper, terminar (relacin) traer a la memoria educar, plantear dejar de lado pv pv pv pv pv

/br /

bros

pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv

tropezarse con alguien (encontrarse) [b mp] desconvocar, suspender calmarse, tranquilizarse continuar, mantener coger, alcanzar a alguien averiguar verle a alguien registrar la salida, sacar (de una biblioteca), verificar picar, cortar en pedacitos esclarecer dar con Estar cerca de enfermar de heredar salir a escena Venir (a visitar) visitar, venir a casa, volver en si enfrentarse a proponer, ocurrirse (idea) constar de arreglarselas, hacer frente a reducir (gastos), disminuir reducir (gastos, consumo) aislar, dejar sin comunicacin recortar eliminar, suprimir abrocharse, atarse detenerse, parar entregar, dejar abandonar comer fuera de casa redaccin, trabajo tragarse (una mentira) apetecer Perder los papeles, ponerse frentico moverse (por un sitio) librarse de arreglarselas, defenderse pillar, contactar Hacerse viejo sacar de tener algo bajo control, dominar revelar (un secreto) entregar, ceder Repartir [dr :] droo
[

'kr

/t e s/

[t

p]

pv pv pv Pv pv pv pv Pv pv pv pv

6 5 6 5

/k n's st/
[k [k t]

pv coup pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv 5 5 5

p]

/'ese /

educacin pv pv Pv pv pv pv pv Pv pv pv pv pv Pv

[fr :k]

6 6 5 5 6

94

EOI Laredo
go about go off (to) go on (to) Go round to (to) go through (to) Hand in (to) have on sth / sth on(to) have sb on (to) have sth on (to) Help out on (to) hide out (to) hold on (to) jump out of (to) keen on sb (to) keep on (to) knock down (to) knock over (to) leave for (to) leave out (to) live off (to) live up to (to) look down on (to) look forward + ing (to) look up to (to) make out (to) make up (to) make up for (to) Make up for (to) Meet up (to) meet up with (to) mess about (to) move back (to) move in with sb (to) pass away /on (to) play up (to) plough into (to) point out (to) pull out (to) pull up (to) put in (to) put off (to) put out (to) put up (to) put up with (to) ring back (to) Roll over rule out (to) sell out (to) send off (to) Set about doing sth (to) Set out (to) set up (to) correr, circular (rumor) sonar (alarma), explotar (fuegos art.) continuar, ocurrir Pasarse por pasar por, experimentar Entregar (un trabajo) llevar (ropa) tomar el pelo a alguien tener previsto, acordado algo Ayudar, echar una mano en esconderse agarrarse bien saltar de tener cario continuar derribar atropellar partir a, marcharse a omitir vivir de estar a la altura de mirar con desprecio tener ganas de admirar a, respetar a distinguir (un sonido) reconciliarse recompensar Compensar Encontrarse, reunirse (amigos) reunirse, encontrarse fastidiar regresar, volver irse a vivir con alguien fallecer funcionar mal estrellarse contra mostrar, sealar salir, arrancar (un coche) parar, detener (un coche la polica) instalar, introducir aplazar sacar, publicar levantar aguantar, soportar volver a llamar Desistir, entregarse descartar agotar las existencias enviar, mandar Ponerse a hacer algo Proponerse montar, establecer
[

pv pv pv Pv pv pv pv pv pv Pv pv pv pv [k :n] pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv 5 5 6 5 6 6

['f :w d]

fooget

pv pv pv pv pv Pv Pv pv pv pv pv Edad pv

6 6 6

C1

[pla ] [p l] [p l]

plao

pv Pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv Pv

6 5 5

6 5

r :l]

ruul

pv pv pv Pv Pv pv

6 6

95

EOI Laredo
Sit around (to) slip up (to) sort out (to) speed up (to) start off (to) start out (to) stay in (to) swerve off (to) take after (to) take down (to) take off (to) take over (to) take up (to) tear down (to) tell off (to) try out (to) turn away (to) turn over (to) turn up (to) use up (to) walk away with (person/object) to watch out (to) work out (to) cutback (blue) jeans belt boot bracelet brand casual clothing coat colour scheme cotton dress shirt dress up (to) earring fleece formal garment glove hard hat hat high-heels housecoat jacket jewelry Quedarse de brazos cruzados cometer un desliz poner en orden, resolver acelerar, darse prisa empezar, comenzar (cuando hay varias etapas en algo) iniciar, comenzar (vida, carrera) quedarse en casa salir, virar bruscamente fuera de parecerse a, salir a anotar Quitarse (ropa), empezar a tener xito apoderarse, absorber empezar a hacer una actividad (un deporte...), ocupar (espacio,tiempo) derribar, desarmar reir probar negar la entrada, rechazar volver, ver al dorso acudir, presentarse (inesperado) agotar, gastar irse con (person/object) tener cuidado desarrollar, salir, resultar, entender, encontrar, calcular recorte vaqueros cinturn bota pulsera Marca (comida, ropa) de sport, informal (ropa) ropa abrigo combinacin de colores algodn camisa de vestir vestirse elegantemente, disfrazarse pendiente chaqueta de lana de etiqueta, formal prenda guante casco de seguridad sombrero tacones altos bata chaqueta joyas
[

Pv pv pv pv pv pv pv [sw :v] pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv pv

6 5

/'k tbk/ [d :nz] [belt]

[bu:t] ['bre sl t] [brnd] breislet brand ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa [' 5

['k j
['kl
[

l]
]

csuel cloudin cout

] [

'k l

sk :m]

cala
cton seet

['k t n]

[ :t] r
]

irrin

ropa ropa 5

[fl :s]

['f :m l]
['g :m nt] [gl v]

fomal gament

ropa ropa ropa

[ht]
[ht]
[

jat jat

ropa ropa ropa

h :l]
[k

t] : lr ]

jauscout yquit llurri

ropa ropa ropa

'd k t]

['d

96

EOI Laredo
leather miniskirt necklace outfit padding pants pattern pyjamas / pajamas scarf shirt shoe shorts silk skin-tight slipper sneakers sock stain stocking strap stripe suit (to) sweater tights tissue towel trousers t-shirt wedding dress/gown wool worn-out antibiotic as deaf as a post as fit as a fiddle asthma bandage blind blister bruise cold cremate (to) cure damage your health (to) deaf discharge from hospital cuero minifalda collar conjunto relleno pantalones (us) calzoncillo estampado pijama bufanda camisa zapato pantalones cortos seda muy ceido o ajustado zapatilla zapatillas de deporte calcetn mancha media correa raya traje, sentar bien, ajustar jersey panty, medias pauelo de papel toalla pantaln, pantalones camiseta traje de novia lana gastado, rado antibitico sordo como una tapia (equivalente) rebosante de salud asma venda ciego ampolla moratn, cardenal resfriado incinerar cura daar tu salud sordo dar de alta del hospital [w l] guol

['le ]
['m n sk :t] ['nekl s] ['a tf t] ['pd ]

lda miniesquet neckles

ropa ropa ropa ropa

padin pents pten peyamez scaf seet suu soots

ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa

[pnts] ['pt n]
[p 'd [sk :f] [ :t]
[

:m z]

:]

[ :ts]
[s lk]
[

'sk nta t]
slipa snkez

['sl p ] ['sn :k z]

ropa ropa ropa ropa 5

[s k] [ste n]
['st k [strp] ]

ropa ropa ropa suut szueta ropa ropa ropa 5 5

[stra p]
[

s :t]

['swet ] [ta t] ['t ['ta

:] l]

tsu tuel trauses tseet

ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa ropa

['tra z z] ['t : :t]

['w :na t]
[nt ba ' t k] anti-baitic

5 6 5 5 6 6 5 5 6 6 5 5 5 5 5

salud salud

[def] ['f d l]
['sm ] ['bnd d ] bendich fidol

salud salud salud salud

[bla nd]
[

'bl st ld

blista bruuz

salud salud salud

[br :z]

k [kj

[kr 'me t] ] ['dm d ] [def] [d s't :d ]

crimit kiua dmich def dischach

salud salud salud salud salud

97

EOI Laredo
(to) dose dumb first aid flu food poisoning get over (to) gp hard of hearing in plaster insomniac mute national health service pill prevention prone to (to) rash rub (to) run down (to) scan shake like a leaf (to) sleepwalker specialist stitch stretcher surgeon the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak ward x-ray sight sighting Hatred above adjoining among aside behind below side beside beyond By horizontal nowhere outer sideward sideway underneath dosis mudo primeros auxilios gripe intoxicacin alimentaria recuperarse mdico de cabecera duro de oido escayolado insomne mudo la seguridad social (equivalente) pastilla, pldora prevencin propenso a sarpullido frotar, restregar Agotarse (pila) escner temblar como un flan (equivalente) sonmbulo mdico especialista punto de sutura camilla cirujano el espritu es fuerte pero la carne dbil sala (de un hospital) rayos x vista observacin, avistamiento Odio encima de, sobre, arriba colindante, contiguo Entre (tres o ms) al lado detrs de parte de abajo al lado, junto a ms alla Al lado de, junto a horizontal ningn sitio exterior, externo lateralmente de lado debajo de ['pl :st ]

[d e d]

s]

dous dam eid

salud salud salud salud salud salud salud salud salud salud

5 5 5 6 6 5 6 5 6 5 5 5 6 5 5 5 6 5 6 5 5 6 6 5 6 5 5 6 5 6

[d m]
[

[fl :]

[ n's mn k] ['mj :t]

[p l] miut

salud salud salud

[pr 'ven n] [pr

[

prevnson

salud salud

n]
]

ras

salud salud salud salud salud salud salud salud

[r b] [skn] [l :f]

['sl :pw :k ]
['spe [st t ]

l st] ] n]
strecha seedyon

['stret
['s :d

salud salud salud

[w :d]
[eks're ]

salud salud sentido sentido sentimientos ebov situacin situacin situacin situacin situacin situacin bisid situacin situacin Situacin jorisntal ater saidwed sageiz andeniz situacin situacin situacin situacin situacin situacin

['he tr d]
[

'b v] n (st)]
]

[ 'd
[ [

edyoinin emn esaid bejaind

'm

'sa d] ]

[b 'ha nd] [b 'l

[b 'sa d] [b 'j nd] [h r 'z nt l]
[

'a t

[sa dw d]
['sa dwe ] [ nd 'n : ]

98

EOI Laredo
upper side vertical within mishap enormous giant great huge large Length lump Massive measure (to) medium short tall thick thin tight tiny vast wide worldwide call (back) / phone (to) charge (to) dial (to) parte de arriba vertical dentro de percance, contratiempo enorme gigante grande enorme grande, extenso, amplio Longitud, largo trozo, pedazo Enorme (tarea, descuento) medir medio bajo alto (talla) grueso, denso flaco ajustado, estrecho pequeito, diminuto inmenso, enorme ancho mundial llamar (volver a llamar) cargar (batera) marcar (telfono)

[' p ]
['v :t k l]
[ [

situacin vrticol msap inmos yaiant greit jiuuch laach situacin situacin suceso tamao tamao tamao tamao tamao tamao tamao Tamao meessa midiom soot tool zik tamao tamao tamao tamao tamao tamao tini tamao tamao tamao tamao tamao telfono telfono telfono 6 6 5 5

'm shp] 'n :m s]

['d a nt]
[hj :d ]

[l :d ] [le ]
[l mp] ['ms v]

lenz
lamp

['me
[ :t]
[

['m :dj m] t :l] k] n]

[ [

[ta t]
[v :st] guaid

/'w :rld'wa d /
[t

gelguid chaach

:d ] l] r]

['da

[d(a) 'rekt r ] Directory enquiries get through to (to) give a call (to) hands free hang up (to) Landline Missed call Pay phone put through (to) ring tone Send / text a message (to) Speak up (to) speed dialing switch off (to) the lines engaged / busy top up (to) voice mail sitcom slimy at the time blizzard Informacin telefnica comunicar con (por telfono) hacer una llamada manos libres colgar Linea fija (telfono) Llamada perdida Telfono pblico poner con alguien , pasar tono de timbre mandar un mensaje (de texto) Hablar ms fuerte marcacin rpida, abreviada apagar comunica, linea ocupada recargar el mvil (saldo) buzn de voz comedia de situacin viscoso en ese momento (entonces) ventisca, tormenta de nieve ['mes d ] msich [ n'kwa Telfono telfono telfono telfono telfono Telfono Telfono Telfono telfono telfono telfono Telfono telfono telfono 6 6

6 6 6

['b z ]
[

bsi

telfono telfono telfono televisin textura tiempo tiempo 5 5 6

v s] 'sla m

['s tk m]
[ ]

['bl z d]

99

EOI Laredo
bolt of lightning during Eve For up to fortnight Hindsight never, ever never-ending prior short-lived temperature entertainment aplicant be dismissed (to) be fired (to) be made redundant (to) Be off sick (to) be off work (to) be sacked (to) blow (to) bouncer bricklayer bucket builder career caretaker challenging job civil servant colleague consultant contract courier deadline demanding job dismiss (to) diy (do it yourself) downside drawback employee employer entrepreneur experience experienced felow fire (to) flextime / flexitime relmpago, rayo durante Vspera Por hasta quincena A posteriori nunca, jamas sin fin, interminable antes de, previo efmero temperature entretenimiento solicitante ser despedido (formal) ser despedido (informal) ser despedido por reduccin de plantilla (formal) Esta de baja (por enfermedad) estar sin trabajar (permiso, baja) ser despedido (informal) echar a perder, desperdiciar gorila (portero de discoteca) albail cubo albail (obrero), constructor profesin, carrera profesional portero (colegio, casa) trabajo estimulante funcionario colega asesor contrato mensajero fecha tope o lmite trabajo exigente despedir, destituir bricolaje inconveniente inconveniente empleado empleador, patrn empresario experiencia experimentado compaero echar del trabajo horario flexible [b
[

lt] r
]

boult llurin

tiempo tiempo Tiempo Tiempo

'dj

[ :v] ['f :tna t] ['ha ndsa t]

[

6 6

fornait

tiempo Tiempo tiempo 6 5 5 5 5

nev r'end ] :t'l vd]

tiempo praia tiempo tiempo tmprecha tiempo tiempo libre trabajo trabajo trabajo ridndant trabajo Trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo sevent coliig conslten cntract cria trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo emploi trabajo trabajo ontrepren iksperiens iksprienst flou faia trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo

['pra
[

/ent 'te nm nt/ ['pl k nt]

[d s'm st]

entetement

5 5 5 6 6 5 5 5

[r 'd nd nt]

['ba ns ]
['br kle ['b k t] ['b ld ]
[

bunsa brikleia bquet bilder kerre qurteiker

k 'r

['ke te k ]

['t l nd
['k l :g]

['s v l]['s :v nt]

[k n's lt nt]

['k ntrkt] ['k r ]

['dedla n]

[d 'm :nd ]
[d s'm s] [d :a 'wa ]

6 5

['da nsa d]
[empl ' :] [ m'pl ]
[ ntr pr 'n : ]

[ k'sp r ns]
[ k'sp ['fel ['fa ] ]

r nst]

5 5

/'fleksta m/

100

EOI Laredo
full-time gear guitarist hairdresser hunter in charge of increase increase (to) inventor judge (to) lawyer lay off (to) liaise (to) line manager maid make sb redundant (to) a tiempo completo herramientas, equipo guitarrista peluquero cazador a cargo de incremento, subida subir, aumentar inventor juzgar, juez abogado despedir actuar de enlace encargado criada, camarera despedir a alguien [g ] gua [g 't :r st] trabajo trabajo trabajo jdreser jnter chaach ncriis incris trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo yach trabajo trabajo trabajo 5 5 6 5 5

['he dres ]
[

'h nt

[t

:d ]

[' nkr :s] [ n'kr :s] [ n'vent ] [d [le ]

d ]

['l :j ]

/li'e z/ [me d]
[r 'd nd nt] [em'p :]
[

lieiz

trabajo trabajo trabajo

ridondant

trabajo trabajo

mp (member of parliament) diputado musician newsreader outcry oversee (to) overtime part-time pay rise paycheck perk permanent photographer playwright plumber pointless politician position presenter priest profession promote (to) prospect protest protest against (to) qualification ranch hand rehearsal rep reporter rescue worker msico locutor protesta supervisar horas extras tiempo parcial aumento de sueldo nmina, sueldo extra, ventaja fijo fotgrafo dramaturgo fontanero vano, intil poltico puesto presentador cura, parroco profesion (ocupacin) ascender, promocionar perspectiva protesta protestar contra cualificacin, capacidad pen del campo ensayo representante, agente reportero socorrista, rescatador

mj :'z

n]

miussian

trabajo trabajo

['a tkra ]
[

trabajo

v 's :] v ta m]

ouvesi

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo

['

[p :t'ta m]

[p :k]

pek pemanent fotgrafa

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo 6

['p :m n nt]
[f 't gr f ] ['ple ra t]

['pl m ]
['p ntl s] [p l 't [p 'z

plma

trabajo trabajo trabajo 5

n] n]
posson prisnta

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo 6

[pr 'zent ] /pri:st/

[pr 'fe n]
[pr 'm
['pr

t]

promout protest protst

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo 5 6 6

['pr spekt]
test] [pr 'test]

[kw l f 'ke
[

n]

cualifiqueison

r :nt

[r 'h :s l] [rep] [r 'p :t ]

rijsal

trabajo trabajo trabajo

['reskj :]

resquiu

trabajo

101

EOI Laredo
resign (to) retire (to) retirement reuse (to) running mate sack (to) salary sales rep seek out (to) self-employed shift shopkeeper staff turnover stuntman teamwork temporally track down(to) trade union traffic warden training course training experience tycoon unemployed union voluntary wage walk out (to) warden willpower work station working hours work-related visa (suit)case across air hostess aisle baggage reclaim bike boarding boarding card/pass boat border buffet bumper to bumper bus bystander dimitir, renunciar jubilarse, retirarse retiro, jubilacin volver a usar candidato a la vicepresidencia echar del trabajo sueldo, salario (pago mensual) representante (comercial) salir en busca de autnomo turno

[r 'za n]
[

risain ritie ritiment rijuz

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo 6 5 5 6 5 5

r 'ta

[r 'ta

m nt]

/'ri:'ju:z/
[sk] ['sl r ]
[

sleri

s :k]

[self m'pl d]
[ ft]

tendero [' rotacin de personal (dentro/fuera de la empresa) especialista (cine) trabajo en equipo eventual, provisional localizar sindicato, gremio controlador de estacionamiento curso de capacitacin prcticas hechas magnate desempleado sindicato voluntario, de beneficencia sueldo, salario (pago semanal) ir a la huelga guardian fuerza de voluntad puesto de trabajo horas de trabajo relacionado con el trabajo visado maleta al otro lado, a travs de azafata (termino en desuso) pasillo (tren, avin, iglesia, super) recogida de equipajes bicicleta embarque tarjeta de embarque barco frontera bar, cafeteria (en estacin de tren) en caravana (coches) autobs (ciudad) Expectador ( mirn, testigo)

pk :p ]

[st ntm n]
['t :mw :k]

stantman

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo 5 5

['temp r r ]
[

trk]
chreid guorden

[tre d]

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo

['w :d n] ['tre n ] [k :s]

/ta 'ku:n/
[ n m'pl d] ['j :nj n]

taicun inion vlunteri geich gdn

trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo trabajo 5 5 5 6 6

['v l nt r ]
[we d ] ['w :d n]
[

'w lpa

gilpaua

r 'le t d]
viisa stqueis

'v :z ]
['sj :tke s]

tranporte transporte transporte transporte

[ 'kr s]
['h [a l]

st s]
ael

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

['bg d ]
['b :d ] bout boda bufei
]

[b

t]

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

['b :d ]
['b fe ]
[ [

'b mp b s]

bamper bas

['ba stnd ]

102

EOI Laredo
cabin camp-site cancel for (to) car park carriage case chairlift check in (to) coach conductor corner corridor crash crossing cut out (to) cycle lane deck declare (to) departure gate departure launge destination Dismount from (to) divert (to) drive eat up (to) engine expedition fast lane fasten (to) flight attendant float freeway fuel garage gasoline gate get off (to) get on (to) go across (to) go past (to) harbour head for (to) Heavy good vehicle helmet hire (to) hitch (to) hitch-hiker camarote camping cancelar, anular por parking vagn ['kb n] [sa t] ['kns l] ['kr d ] cnsel carrich cbin transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte couch condctor cona crrido croas ] transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte
[

maleta [ke s] telesilla registrarse (hotel), facturar (equipaje) autocar cobrador, revisor esquina pasillo (escuela, oficina) choque travesa a travs del oceano calarse un motor carril bici Cubierta (de un barco) declarar puerta de embarque sala de embarque destino Desmontarse, apearse de desviar paseo en coche consumir (gasolina) motor expedicin carril rpido abrocharse, atar asistente de vuelo (trmino en boga) carroza autopista (usa) combustible gasolinera, taller mecnico gasolina entrada (campo ftbol), puerta (metal) bajarse, apearse subir a bordo atravesar pasar puerto dirigirse hacia Vehiculo pesado (camin mercancias) casco alquilar (coche, aparato) hacer autostop autoestopista, mochilero [k

t ]

[k n'd kt ]

['k :n ]
['k r d : ] [kr ] ['kr s

dek]
dicl ] ][la nd ] dipche dipche launch destineison

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte Transporte divrt transporte transporte transporte nllin transporte transporte transporte fasen transporte transporte flout
]

[d 'kle ] [d 'p :t [d 'p :t [dest 'ne [d s'ma nt]

n]

/d 'v :rt/ [dra v] ['end n]

[eksp 'd [le n]

n]

ekspidison

['f :s n]
[ 'tend nt] [fl
[

t] l]

transporte transporte

'fr :we
['fj

fiol garech gsolin

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

['gs l :n]
[ge t]

['h :b ]
[

jba

transporte transporte Transporte 5 6

hed]

jet

['v : k l] ['helm t] [h t ] ['h t ha k ] jchjaiker jlmet jaia

transporte transporte transporte transporte

103

EOI Laredo
hood horn identity card inline skate intersection itinerary journey land (to) lane lay-by lorry luggage luggage trolley motor motor home motorbike motorway out of gas overseas package tour parking space passenger passport pathway pedestrian area petrol station pick up (to) pile-up platform pollution Pothole power steering public transport pull over (to) quay railway station rear-view mirror return ticket ride road works roundabout runway rush hour sail on (to) schedule scooter seasick seat belt cap bocina carnet de identidad patn en lnea cruce (de carreteras) itinerario viaje aterrizar carril, camino rea de descanso camin (uk) equipaje portaequipajes motor caravana (de camping) motocicleta autopista sin gasolina extranjero, al extranjero viaje organizado sitio para aparcar pasajero pasaporte camino, sendero zona peatonal gasolinera recoger choque mltiple andn contaminacin Bache direccin asistida transporte pblico hacer parar (por la polica), detenerse (en el arcn) muelle estacin de tren retrovisor (coche) billete de ida y vuelta paseo zona de obras (carretera) rotonda Pista (aeropuerto) hora punta navegar horario vespa mareado cinturn seguridad

[h d]
[a 'dent t ]
[ske t]

jud jon aidntiti

transporte transporte transporte transporte

[ nt 'sek n]
[a 't n r r ]
[

intesekson aitnrari lleni

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

'd :n

[le n]
[

'le ba 'l g d

transporte transporte
]

['l r ]
[

lguich

transporte transporte

['l g d ]

['m

t ]

mota

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

'm

t we v 's :z]

motogei gas

[gs]
[

['pk d ]
[

pakich
]

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

'ps nd

psenller paspoot

['p :sp :t] ['p : we ]

[p 'destr

n]

transporte transporte transporte transporte pltfom polson transporte transporte Transporte paue pblik transporte transporte transporte kii transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte sdllull transporte transporte transporte transporte 6

['pa l p] ['pltf :m] [p 'l : ['p th

[

n] l]
]

'pa

['p bl k]
[

p l]

/ki:/

[ra d]

['r nwe ] ['r a ]

[se l]
[' edj :l] ['sk :t ] ['s :s k]

104

EOI Laredo
set off (to) sightsee (to) sightseeing sign spare wheel speed limit speedboat start the car (to) steering wheel stewardress stopover stroller submarine suitcase take off (to) taxi rank the tube ticket office tour tourism track traffic jam traffic lights tram tunnel turn off (to) tyre underground van vehicle voyage wheelchair windshield wreckage roving cut short (to) outing a good example a piece of advice abroad accurate achive (to) advantage advert afterwards age gap ageing partir visitar lugares de inters Turismo (to go) hacer turismo seal, letrero rueda de repuesto lmite de velocidad lancha motora arrancar el coche volante azafata escala, parada cochecito submarino maleta despegar parada de taxis el metro taquilla, ventanilla recorrido turstico turismo camin (usa) atasco semforos tranva tunel salir, dejar (una carretera) neumtico metro, subterraneo, bajo tierra furgoneta vehculo travesa en barco silla de ruedas parabrisas restos (avin, barco), ruinas ambulante, errante acortar, interrumpir excursin un buen ejemplo un consejo en el extranjero exacto, preciso, correcto conseguir, alcanzar ventaja anuncio despus, ms tarde diferencia de edad Viejo, envejecido ['sa tsi
[ [

transporte transporte ] transporte transporte

][

sa n] spe w :l] t]
][

spee gil

transporte transporte transporte transporte

['sp :db
[

'st r

w :l]

stirin gil stiuades

transporte transporte transporte

['stj ['st p
[

d s] v ] l
]

'str

strler sbmarin stkeis

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

['s bm r :n] ['sj :tke s]

[tj :b] [t
[

tua trisem track

transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte transporte

't

r z m]

[tr k]

't n l]
]

tnel taie andegraund

[ta

[' nd gra nd] [vn]

[

'v : k l] d ]

vicol voiech giilcher

transporte transporte transporte transporte

['v

['w :lt e ]

['w nd :ld]
['rek d ]
[

rquich

transporte viajar viajes viajes 5 6 6

'r

v
]

rouvin
excursin igsampo edvais ebrod quiurit echif
]

['a t

g'z :mp l]

[ d'va s] [ 'br :d]

[

'kj r t] d'v :nt d

[ 't :v]
[

edvntich

['dv :t]
[' :ft w dz] ['e d ] ftegez Edad C1

105

EOI Laredo
agree (to) agreement aid aim alibi all through allow (to) aloud although amazement amazing ancient anger annoy (to) appearance apply for (to) area arrangements ash ashamed ask about (to) ask for (to) attach (to) attack on (to) attend (to) attendence attract (to) auction available avenger average awful background backing backstage backyard balance (to) balloon ban (to) ban from (to) bare be about to (to) be aware (to) be better at(to) be set (to) estar de acuerdo acuerdo ayuda, auxilio propsito (objetivo) coartada permitir en voz alta aunque asombro, sorpresa asombroso, extraordinario antiguo enfado, ira molestar apariencia, aspecto solicitar (trabajo, informacin) rea preparativos ceniza avergonzado preguntar por (para pedir informacin) pedir algo (ayuda, dinero) adjuntar atacar contra asistir a asistencia atraer subasta disponible vengador media horrible fondo (de una escena) acompaamiento bastidores patio trasero mantener el equilibrio globo, bocadillo ( en un dibujo) prohibir excluir de desnudo estar a punto de ser consciente ser mejor (en algo) estar ambientada (pelcula) [ ' e md] eseind

'gr :]

egrii egriment

[ 'gr :m nt] [e d]
[e m]
['l ba ]
[

alibai alaut

'la :l'

[ 'la d]
[ ]

udou

[ 'me zm nt] [ 'me z

[

ameisin einsent ngue eni epirens eria errinchment

'e n nt] g ]
]

[' [ 'n

[ 'p r ns]
[ 'pla ] ['e r
[

're nd m nt]

'tt

etach

[ 'tk]
[ 'tend]

[ 'tend ns]
[

etndens etrkt ksion abilebol avenller

'trkt] n] 've l b l] 'v r d ' :f l] 'bkgra nd] ]

[' :k
[

\ - venj\
[ [ [ ]

verich oofo

['bk

[bk'ste d ]
[

bk'j :d]

backlloord balans balun baan bee ege

['bl ns]
[b 'lu:n]
[

bn]

[be ]

[ 'we ]

106

EOI Laredo
beg (to) behave (to) bell belongings bend bend over (to) bite (to) bitter blame (to) blazing blind blind (to) blow out (to) blow the horn (to) blurb blurry board bonfire bookcase bookshelf booth both bowl brazalet breathtaking brilliantly brochure broken-down brush brush (to) bunch burning burst into (to) bury (to) campaigner canteen card cargo carnival carol catch catch up (to) cause ceiling cementery centenarian rogar comportarse timbre, campana pertenencias curva inclinarse morder amargado, rencoroso echar la culpa resplandeciente persiana, cortina (plstico) cegar soplar, apagar tocar el claxon nota publicitaria en tapa de libro borroso tabla fogata, hoguera estantera, librera estante cabina ambos tazn pulsera impresionante con brillantez folleto averiado cepillo, brocha cepillar ramo en llamas irrumpir en enterrar defensor comedor tarjeta carga, cargamento carnaval villancico inconveniente, pega ponerse al da, recuperarse motivo techo cementerio centenario (edad) [beg]

[b 'he v]
[

bijeiv

bel]

['b t ] [ble m] [bla nd]

blaind blaind

\ bl rb\
\ bl r-\ [b :d]
['b kke s]
[

blorb blerri

'b k elf]
buuz bouz boul breislet

[bu:, bu: ] [b
[

] l] ]

['bre sl t] ['bre te k

/'br lj ntli/
['br

brliantli brose

[br ] [br ] [b nt ]
[ [

bras brash banch

]

'b :n b :st]

barnin baast vri campiner cantin

['ber ]
[km'pe n ]
[ [

kn't :n] k :d] ]

['k :g
['kr l] [kt ] [kt ]
[

cago krnivol

/'k :rn v l /

cach catch koos ] silin semetri sentenrian

k :z]

['s :l

['sem tr ]

107

EOI Laredo
chain store challenge chariot charity chase (to) chat cheat on(to) check (to) checkpoint childhood choice chorus chunk circus clause click (to) cliff climate climb down (to) clue come on (to) come on in (to) come out (to) comeback comfort commentator commit (to) community centre compulsory concert connect (to) contestant continue to do sth (to) control convenience convenient cool cop cosy count (to) countryside court cover cover-up crash into (to) crave (to) crayon tienda de una cadena comercial desafo carro organizacin benfica perseguir, cazar charlar engaar, hacer trampa, saltar comprobar puesto de control infancia, niez eleccin, opcin coro, estribillo cacho, pedazo circo oracin congeniar acantilado clima descender pista, clave progresar, comenzar (lluvia) entrar salir, lanzarse (un producto) regreso comodidad comentarista cometer centro social obligatorio concierto unir. conectar concursante, competidor continuar control facilidad conveniente, prctico fresco, guay poli (polica en general) acogedor contar campo tribunal, juzgado tapa, cubierta, portada (libro) encubrimiento chocar contra ansiar lpiz de colores [t e n] ['t l nd ]
[

chein chlench chriot chriti

't r t] t e s] t]

['t r t ]
[

[t

chat chit

[t ek] ['t ekp nt]

chiljud

[t t

s] k]

chois cros

['k :r s]
[

['s :k s]
[

kl :z]

clooz

[kl k] [kl f]

/'kla m t /
[kl :]

climet cluu

['k mf t]
[

cnfot
]

'k m nte t

cmenteiter

[k 'm t]

k m'p ls r ] ['k ns t] [k 'nekt]

[k n'test nt] [k n't nj :] [k n'tr l] [k n'v :n [k n'v :n
[ [

complsori cnset conct contstant contniuu contrul convinions convniont cuul

ns] nt]

k :l] k p] z ]

['k

couzi cantrisaid

[ka nt] [k :t]

[

coot
]

'k v

cva

['k v r p] [kr ]
creiv

['kre

n]

108

EOI Laredo
criticize (to) cross cross (to) crush (to) culture current currently cute cutlery dark darkness date daydream (to) deal dealer defeat (to) definitely delight delighted deliver (to) deliver (to) demanding depend on (to) deserve (to) develop (to) diary difficult difficult dig (to) disadvantages disagree (to) disappear (to) disappointed disbelief disdain disease documentary downfall downtown dozen drain drawing drinker drive off (to) drop dropout drug criticar cruz cruzar aplastar cultura actual actualmente mono, lindo cubertera oscuro oscuridad cita, fecha, compromiso soar despierto, fantasear trato, acuerdo comerciante, traficante derrotar, vencer sin duda dosis encantado rescatar, liberar, entregar repartir exigente contar con, tener confianza merecerse contraer, desarrollar diario, agenda difcil dificil cavar, excavar desventaja, inconveniente no estar de acuerdo desaparecer decepcionado incredulidad desdn enfermedad documental cada del centro (de la ciudad) docena sumidero, desage dibujo bebedor irse, alejarse (en coche) gota abandono medicamento, droga [d 'z :z] [d kj 'ment r ] crtisaiz

[kr s] [kr ]
['k lt
[ [ [

cras ] clcha crrent

]

'k r nt] 'k r ntl kj :t]

crentli kiuut ctleri? daak daknes

['d :kn s]
[

de t]
diil diler difit

/'de dri:m/ [d :l] ['d :l ]

[

d 'f :t]

['def n tl ] [d 'la t d]

[d 'l v ]
[d 'l v ] [d 'pend] [d 'z :v]
['da

dilba dilva dimaanding

diseev dvelop dficolt

r]
dficolt dise-vantich

['d f k lt]
[d g]
[

d s 'gr :]
] disapa

[d s 'p

[d s 'p nt d]
disdn disz dckiumentari

[da n'ta n] ['d z n] /dre n/ 'dr :

[dr dsen

] k ]

drooin

[dr g]

109

EOI Laredo
drunkard dry dull dusty eager easel edge education effort either embarrasse (to) enable (to) enclose (to) encourage (to) end up (to) ending endless engine enough enroll (to) entrance environment event ever everlasting evidence evil exchange (to) excitement exorbitant expect (to) explanation explanation extra eyesight face (to) facility fail (to) failure fall asleep (to) fall off (to) fall over (to) fame fancy fancy + ing (to) farmer borracho seco desafilado polvoriento ansioso, deseoso caballete borde educacin (de la escuela) esfuerzo cualquiera (de los dos) avergonzar permitir adjuntar (en un sobre) animar (a alguien a algo), fomentar terminar, acabar final, desenlace interminable motor suficiente matricularse, inscribirse entrada (cuota) ambiente, entorno suceso, acontecimiento nunca, jams eterno pruebas, evidencia mal intercambiar emocin, excitacin desorbitatado, exagerado esperar, anticipar explicacin explicacin, aclaracin extra vista mirar hacia, afrontar instalacin fallar, suspender fracaso dormirse caerse caerse fame de fantasia tener ganas de granjero, agricultor ['dr

k d]

drnked

[dra ]
[

d l]

dol

['d st ] [' :g ]
[' :z l] [ed ] ech fot aide imbras eneibol enclus encorich iga C1

['ef t] ['a , ' : ]

[ n'e b l] [ n'kl

z]

[ n'k r d ]
[

'end

/'endl s /
[

endles nllin inaf

'n f] l]

[ n'r

enrol ntrens invairement ivent eve ] videns vel

]

['entr ns]
[

n'va r nm nt]

['ev ] [ev 'l :st ['ev d ns]

[ [

' :v l] ks't e nd

ekscheinch iksitment

[ k'sa tm nt]
[ g'z :b t nt]

[ k'spekt] [ekspl 'ne n] n]

ekspleneison ekspleneison kstra

[ekspl 'ne
['ekstr ]
[

'a sa t]

[fe s]
[f 's l t ]

[fe l]
['fe lj ]
[

filya esliip fool

'sl :p]

[f :l] /fe m/ ['fns ]

['fns ] ['f :m ]

fme

110

EOI Laredo
farmhouse fate favor favour (to do a) fear feature fee feeling fellow female figures fill (to) filthy findings fireplace fireworks first name fit (to) fit in with (to) fix (to) flash (to) flat flee (to) flood flow foil fool foolproof footpath for instance forbid (to) foreground form (to) former fortunate frantic free (to) french friendliness fulfil (to) funny future gang gap gap year granja destino, sino favor favor (hacer un) temor caracterstica, rasgo tarifa, honorarios, entrada sensacin, sentimiento socio mujer (sexo) estadsticas, numeros rellenar (un formulario) mugriento, indecente conclusiones chimenea fuegos artificiales nombre de pila ser de la talla, encajar, caber adaptarse con fijar, sujetar, reparar destellar, proyectar piso (uk) huir de inundacin flujo lmina de metal, papel aluminio tonto, idiota, loco infalible sendero, camino por ejemplo prohibir primer plano formar, anterior, antiguo afortunado frentico dejar en libertad, liberar francs amabilidad, simpata llenar, colmar, satisfacer raro, curioso futuro banda, pandilla brecha, hueco ao libre (tras fin estudios universidad) [fl d] flad ['f :mha s] [fe t]
[

'fe v

fiva feiva fia fiiche cuerpo cc

['fe v ] /'fi:t r /
[f :]

['f :l ['fel 'f g

] ]
felou fimel figa

['f :me l]
[ ]

[f l]
['f l ] flzi ['fa nd

z]
faigooks

['fa w :ks]

f ks]

[fl ]

/fl

flu

/f l/

[f :l]
['f :lpr :f]
[

fuul

' nst ns]

nstans forbiet

[f 'b d]

[fgraUn d] fregraund
/f :rm /
['f :m ] ['f :t fonm foma C1

n t]
frentic

['frnt k]

[fr :]
[frent ] ['frendl n s]
['f n ] ficha [g ] french

111

EOI Laredo
gather (to) genre gentle gently get engaged get rid of (to) get to know (to) getaway give up (to) go up (to) goal goddess goodness gossip gossip (to) grab (to) grass grass graveyard greet (to) grip (to) grow out of (to) grunt guess (to) haircut half handle handling handwriting hang (to) hang on (to) hang out (to) hang out at (to) hanging hangover happiness hardly harm harvest heart-shaped heart-stopping hectic height hell helplessly hence hideaway reunirse gnero suave, ligero con cuidado, suavemente prometerse (para casarse) deshacerse de llegar a conocer huida dejar subir meta, objetivo diosa bondad cotilleo cotillear agarrarse hierba, cesped sopln cementerio saludar agarrar perder una costumbre gruido adivinar corte de pelo mitad, medio manilla, tirador gestin letra (a mano) colgar, sujetar esperar pasar el tiempo (entretenerse) pasar el tiempo en ahorcamiento resaca felicidad apenas, casi no dao cosecha con forma de corazn vertiginoso agitado, frentico (estilo vida) altura infierno inutilmente, en vano de ah, por tanto escondite

/'g r /
['
[

gder llnra yntel engeich

:nr ]

'd ent l]

[ n'ge d d]

[r d]
['get we ]

[g

l]

goul

/'g :d s /
[

'g dn s]
gsip gsip

['g s p]
['g s p] [grb] [gr :s] ['gre vj :d]
[

gr :t]

/gr p/

[gr nt]
[ges] h :f]
gues jaf jandol

['hnd l]
['hndra t ]

[h ]
[h ]

jan jaan

['h

['h

v ]

jnouver jpiness jaam

[h :m] /'h :rv st / [h :t' e pt]

['hekt k]

jektik jait jel

[ha t]
[hel]
[

hens] (h

jaidegei

112

EOI Laredo
hide-out highlight (to) high-tech hike hiking hit hold (to) hold back (to) hold on hold tight (to) hold up (to) honeymoon horrible hot house (to) house-sit (to) housewife hug hunger hungry hurt im starving ideal identity parade if illness ill-treat (to) ill-treat (to) impressive in a mess in advance in bare feet in charge in disgrace infamous ink insurance company intend to (to) intermediate international into introduce (to) isolate (to) isolated itch (to) item escondrijo, guarida destacar, realzar alta tecnologa subida senderismo golpe celebrar, llevar, tener contener, retener agarre agarrar (fuerte) sostener, aguantar luna de miel horrible, infame caliente, bueno alojar cuidar (viviendo) una casa de alguien ama de casa abrazo hambre hambriento lesionado me muero de hambre ideal rueda de identificacion si, en caso de enfermedad maltratar maltratar impresionante desordenado, revuelto por adelantado con pies descalzos a cargo en desgracia trstemente clebre tinta compaia de seguros tener la intencin de intermedio internacional en, a, con (en movimiento) presentar aislar aislado, apartado, slo picar (piel) artculo (cosa) , asunto ['a s le t d] ['h n m :n]
[

['ha la t]
[

jilait jaitk jaik jit

'ha 'tek]

[ha k]

[ha king]

'h r b l]

jorribo jot

[h t]

['ha swa f]
[

h g] g ] gr ]

jag jngue jngri jeet aidil aidentiti pereid lnes

['h ['h

[a 'd l]
[a 'dent t ][p 're d ] [' ln s] [ l'tr :t]

[ l'tr :t] [ m'pres v]

[be ]
in disgreis infeimos

[ n'

r ns]

insrans

[ n'tend]
[

nt 'm :d t]

intrmidiot intnasno ntu intro-juus aisoleit isoleitid

[' nt :]

[ t ]
[

'a t m]

aitem

113

EOI Laredo
jockey join (to) join the library (to) judgment keep (to) kid sb (to) knot label (to) laptop [computer] laught (to) launch (to) lawn laziness lead (to) leaflet lean (to) leave on (to) lecture (to) led (to) left-handed legally leisure letter life lightning likely link (to) list (to) litter live live (to) live (to) local log (to) look up (to) looking loose lose (to) loud lounly lovable lovely madness magnet major make jinete juntar, unir inscribirse en la biblioteca sentencia, fallo, opinin, criterio guardar, conservar, no dejar de tomar el pelo a alguien nudo etiquetar [ordenador] portatil reir(se) lanzar, fundar (empresa, producto) csped pereza dirigir, conducir folleto apoyarse, inclinarse dejar puesto, dejar encendido dar clases conducir, dirigir zurdo legalmente ocio, tiempo libre carta vida relmpago probable unir. vincular enumerar, hacer una lista de basura en vivo, en directo vivir vivir vecino de una localidad registrar buscar, alzar la vista aspecto suelto, holgado perder fuerte (ruido), alto (voz, msica) slo, solitario adorable, encantador preciosa, encantadora locura imn grande, muy relevante marca

'd

[d
['d [k d]

n] d m nt]

yoin llzment

[k :p]

[n t ]
['le b l] ['lpt p]

not libol lof

[ [ [

l :nt l :n]

lunch loon

'le z n s]
liiflet

[l :d] ['l :fl t] [l :n]

['lekt [l :d] ] lkche liid

[left'hnd d] /'li:g li/

['le ] lgaly lexa lte laif

['let ]
[

la f] n (pl lives [la vz])

]

['la tn ['la kl ]

likli

[l

k]
lite liv

[l st]
['l t ] [la v]

[ [ [

l v] 'l l g] k l]

liv lucol

[l :s] [l :z] ['l

[

luus luuz lud lonly lvebol

nl ]

'l v b l]

['mdn s]

['mgn t]
[

mgnet

me k]

114

EOI Laredo
make out (to) make sure male manage (to) manner markings marry (to) material matter meet (to) melt (to) metal mind (to) misbehave (to) miss the most (to) mobile mood mountain move (to) mud multiply (to) name after (to) nation nearby necessity necklace neither nickname (to) nightmare nod (to) none noun obey (to) occasion odd off offer off-putting offset (to) onlooker opt for (to) ordinary orphan orphanage out of breath outing entender asegurar varn dirigir, manejar forma, manera, modo marca, huella casarse con (dos personas) materia asunto conocer, encontrarse con, reunirse con derretirse, fundirse metal querer decir, tener la intencin de, querer portarse mal echar de menos (lo que ms) mvil humor, disposicin montaa emocionar, conmover barro, lodo multiplicar llamar as por, llamar en honor de nacin cercano necesidad collar ninguno (de los dos) apodar pesadilla asentir con la cabeza nadie nombre, sustantivo obedecer acontecimiento raro, extrao en (situacin) oferta desagradable compensar, contrarrestar curioso, mirn, espectador optar por normal, corriente, comn hurfano orfanato sin aliento excursion
[

[me l]
[

'mn d

mnich mana mrri

['mn ]
[

'mr

[m 't
['mt

r l]
]

metrial mte

[m :t]
[melt] ['met l] mtal

[m :n] [m sb 'he v] 'm b l]

moubail muud muntin

[m :d]
[ [

'ma nt n] m :v] 'm lt pla

[m d]
[ ]

mlteplai neison

[n 'ba ]
[

niebai
]

n 'ses t

['nekl s] ['na ,'n : ] /'n kne m/ ['na tme ] [n n]

[

neckles naide nombres nitme nan

na n]
equeison

[ d] [' f ] [' fp t [ f'set] ]

od fe

pt]

[' :f n]

/'a t /

115

EOI Laredo
outside outstanding overlook (to9 pacifier painting parcel particle partly pass on (to) patch patio peaceful peak peak, summit perform (to) peril permission phrase picture picturesque piece pinch (to) pity play a trick on (to) pleasure plume pocket torch polish (to) polite politeness pond pooh pool population postcard post-it poverty prefer sth to sth (to) pregnant pretend (to) printers produce (to) product proper prove (to) pull (to) pull back (to) puncture afuera, exterior destacado, sobresaliente tener vistas a chupete cuadro paquete partcula en parte fallecer pequea parcela(de terreno) patio tranquilo, pacfico cima pico, cima (montaa) actuar, interpretar peligro permiso frase foto, cuadro, dibujo pintoresco trozo, pedazo pellizcar lstima gastar una broma a placer columna (humo) linterna de bolsillo limpiar educado cortesa, educacin estanque caca charco, estanque poblacin tarjeta postal nota adhesiva pobreza preferir una cosa a otra embarazada fingir, aparentar imprenta presentar (un documento) producto adecuado probar tirar de retirar, descorrer pinchazo

[a t'sa d]
[a t'stnd ]

autsid autstndin pasifaier psel prticol paatli compras

[pQsIfaIr]
['p :s l] ['p :t k l]

[pt ] ['pt
[

ptiou pisfol pik, smit pfoom

'p :sf l]

[p :k] ['s m t]
[p 'f :m] ['per l]

[p 'm
[

n]
] pkche pikchresk piis

fre z] 'resk]

['p kt [p kt
[

p :s]

['p t ]
plessa

['p k t] [t :t ] ['p l ] [p 'la t]

[p 'la tn s] [p nd]

pket torch plish polait polatnes pond puuh

[p pj 'le

n]

popiulison

['p ['p

stk :d] st t]
pveti prg-nant

['p v t ]

[pr 'tend] proyiss

['pr d kt]

prdact prope pruus

['p

kt

116

EOI Laredo
punish for (to) push around (to) put a baby to bed (to) quick quiet a few race (to) rail random (at) range rape (to) ready real rebuild (to) reckon (to) recognition record reference reflect on (to) refuse (to) regard regret (to) relationship relax (to) release relise (to) relive (to) relocate (to) remaining remind sb to (to) reminder renew (to) reply reported request request (to) require (to) research researcher resort response rest (to) restful result resume (to) retell (to) reveal (to) ring castigar por llevar (en un carrito) llevar a un nio a la cama rpido bastantes correr deprisa, competir barandilla al azar gama, variedad violar listo, preparado real reconstruir creer, pensar (coloquial) reconocimiento archivo, documento (oficial) referencia reflexionar sobre rechazar, rehusar respeto, recuerdo, saludo arrepentirse de, lamentar relaciones, parentesco relajarse salida en libertad, al mercado poner en venta, estrenar revivir trasladarse restante recordarle a alguien algo aviso renovar contestacin, respuesta estilo indirecto peticin, solicitud pedir, solicitar requerir investigacin investigador lugar de vacaciones respuesta descansar relajante resultado reanudar volver a contar revelar, mostrar anillo, sortija

'p n

pnis

[kw k]
[

kuick

re s] 'rnd m] nd
]

[re l]
[

[re

reinch

[re p]
[

'red

rdi rial

[r l]
[

r :'b ld]
rcon recgnison rcood rfrens

['rek n] ['rek :d]

['ref

r ns]

[r 'flekt]
[

r 'fj :z]

rifuuz rigtz rileisonsip

[r 'gret]
[r 'lks] [r 'l :s] [r 'l :s] riliv rilks

'ri:l

'ke t/ ]

riloukeit

[r 'me n [r 'ma nd]

rimaind

[r 'ma nd ]

[r 'nj :] [r 'pla ] [r 'p :t d] [r 'kwest] [r 'kwa [r 's :t ]

[r 's :t
[

riplai

ricust

]
]

ricuia risech

r 'z :t] rest]

risoot rspons

[r 'sp ns]
[

['restf l] rislt [r 'zj :m]

[ [

risim ritel

r 'v :l] r
]

117

EOI Laredo
rival (to) role rough round up (to) routine row royalty rubbish rubbish bin rule rule (to) rumour rumour / rumor (us) run (to) run out (to) rush (to) sack sail sale saw saying scary scenery scheduled scream (to) send in (to) serious serve set (to) set over (to) several several shade shadow shake (to) shape shoemaker shortage short-sighted shoulder-length sick sight since sing on (to) sit still (to) site sketchbook rivalizar con papel (funcin) bravo (mar) redondear (por arriba) rutina fila, hilera realeza basura cubo de la basura regla, norma gobernar, administrar rumor rumor dirigir (una empresa) agotarse, quedarse sin darse prisa, apresurarse saco vela (barco) venta sierra refrn, dicho de miedo paisaje, escenario programado, previsto chillar, gritar enviar (documento) serio, formal servicio colocar, poner ponerse (luna, sol) varios varios sombra (en general) sombra (creada por algo) temblar, negar con la cabeza forma zapatero escasez miope, corto de vista hasta el hombro enfermo vista desde cantar en (un disco) permanecer sentado quieto emplazamiento, sitio bloc de dibujo ['ra v l]

[r [r f]

l]

rool

[r :'t :n]
[

rutin rou

['r

lt ]

rialti rbis ruul ruul ruuma rumor

/'r b /
[r :l]

[r :l] ['r :m ]
['r :m ]
[

r n]
]

[r

[sk]

[se l]
[ [

se l] s :]
]
] ]

soo

['se
[ [

'ske r 's :n r

esqueeri snari eskeyoo

[' edj :ld]

[

skr :m]
srios seev

['s r s] [set]

sbrel
[ [ [

'sev r l] e d] ' d
]

sbrel seid sadou seip

[' ['
[ [

:me k ] :t d ] :t'sa t d] ld le
srteich

'

[s k] [sa t]
[s ns] sait sins

sa t]

['sket b k]

118

EOI Laredo
skid (to) skill skip (to) slave slide (to) slightly slip snooze (to) snow capped mountain soap social network socialize (to) solve (to) source sparklers speak out (to) specific speck speech spell (to) spellcheck spelling spike spiky split split into (to) split up (to) sporty spot (to) spread (to) staff stamp (to) stand (to) stand on (to) stand out from (to) stand up (to) stand up (to) standard stare (to) starve (to) statement statue steam steep step on sthg (to) stick stick (to) resbalar habilidad, destreza saltar, saltarse (omitir) esclavo deslizar ligeramente papelito dormitar montaa nevada jabn red social alternar, hacer vida social solucionar fuente, origen antorcha, bengala hablar claro especfico, concreto mota discurso escribir, deletrear corrector ortogrfico ortografa clavo de punta (pelo) ruptura, cisma, separacin dividir en dividir, separar deportivo reconocer (descubrir a alguien) extenderse, propagarse plantilla, personal, empleados sellar soportar insistir en destacarse de estar de pie levantarse, ponerse en pie nivel, calidad mirar fijamente morirse de hambre declaracin, comunicado estatua vapor empinado pisar (algo) palo atascarse
[

[sk d]

[sk l]
[ [

sk p] sle v] 'sla tl
slait-ly

[sla d]
[ ]

[sl p]

[sn :z]
[

snuuz soup

p] la z] lv]

['s
[s

ssalais

/s :rs /

sors

sp 's f k]
spiich

[sp :t ]
[spel]

[spa k] spaiki

spl t]

['sp :t ]
[sp t]

[spred] [st :f]

[ [

stmp] stnd]

stamp

/'stnd rd / t :v] /'ste tm nt/

[

standerd sstee

'sttj :]

estachii

st :m]
[st :p]

[st k]
[st

k]

119

EOI Laredo
sticky still sting (to) storytelling stream strength strength stress (to) stretch (to) string stuff stuffed animal style suck (to) suffer from (to) suit (to) suitable suntanned superb sure surname surround by (to) survey swap (to) swearword sword sympathetic tag take a nap (to) take back (to) take down (to) take some time off (to) target (to) task taxi rank tear (to) teenager tense theory thoughtful thoughtfully threat throw away (to) throwaway thunder tick (to) tight pegajoso inmovil, silencioso picar (un mosquito) narracin chorro fuerza fuerza hacer hincampi, acentuar estirar cuerda cosa, material, producto peluche estilo chupar sufrir, padecer de convenir a, sentar bien conveniente, adecuado bronceado esplndido seguro apellido rodear por encuesta, investigacin cambiar taco, juramento espada comprensivo, compasivo, amable etiqueta echar una siesta devolver (lo recibido) desmontar, bajar (pantalones) tomarse un tiempo libre, sabtico dirigir tarea parada de taxis romper, rasgar (papel, ropa) adolescente (13 a 19) tiempo (verbal) teora atento, amable pensativamente amenaza tirar desechable trueno marcar (hacer una seal) apretado, fuerte (agarrarse)

'st k ]

[st

[str :m]

[stre
[stres]
[

]
strenz

stret

strech

[str [st f]
[

]
staft nimel

st ft] ['n m l] s k]

[sta l]
[

sak sfer such sctebol

['s f ] [s :t, sj :t]

['sj :t b l]
['s ntn]

[sj 'p :b] [

[

superb sua sneim surraund sevei

's :ne m]

[s 'ra nd] ['s :ve ]

[sw

p]
sgerword sood simpaztik

/'swerw :rd /
[ [

s :d] s mp ' et k] np]

[tg]
[

nap

/'t :rg t /| /t :sk/

[

tarllet

r k]
tee

[te ]

['t :ne d ['

['

tneidlle zieri zotful zret

edad

cc

r ] :tf l]

[' r ['
[

we ] nd ]
zanda tait

t k]

120

EOI Laredo
tip tipsy tireless to better oneself to book to dive to get on with to go mad toast (to) tongue twister toothbrush toothpaste topic tough towards towards track train in (to) translate into (to) trap (to) treat (to) trend trivial try on (to) try on (to) tube turn (to) turn around (to) turn back (to) turn down (to) turn on (to) turn out to be(to) turn round (to) turning type (to) type up (to) unbearable uncover (to) undo (to) unfair unforgettable unlike unspoilt unspoken upbringing upset use up (to) vaccinate (to) consejo achispado incansable superarse reservar sumergirse llevarse bien con volverse loco brindar trabalenguas cepillo de dientes dentfrico, pasta de dientes tema duro hacia hacia pista (deporte) entrenar (un deporte) traducir a atrapar, trampa tratar, invitar tendencia trivial, banal probarse (ropa) probarse (ropa) tubo pasar (pgina de un libro) dar una vuelta volverse, hacer regresar rechazar, bajar (volumen) encender (luz), poner en marcha resultar ser girar, dar vueltas calle, bocacalle escribir a mquina escribir a mquina insoportable destapar, descubrir deshacer injusto inolvidable diferente, distinto virgen, que conserva belleza natural secreto, interior educacin (de casa) disgustado, triste acabar, gastar, agotar vacunar ['vks ne t] vksineit [ p'set]

t p] l s]
tieles

['t ps ]
['ta

[b k]
[da v]

[t

st]

toust tuzbras

['t : br ]
['t
[

p k]
taf togoodz tugoz

t f]

[t 'w :dz] [t 'w :dz, t :dz]

[trns'le t]
[

transleit trap

trp]

/trend/
['tr v l]

tra

[t :n]

taan

[t :n]
[t :n]

teen

tanin
[

ta p]
anbrebol ancver andu anfe anforgutebol

[ta p]
[ n'be r b l]
[

n'k v

[ n'd :] [ n'fe ]
[

nf 'get b l]

[ n'la k]

apbrinin

121

EOI Laredo
valuable vanish (to) variety vary (to) view vineyard volunteer wake up to (to) walk around (to) walk on by (to) want (to) / wont wardrobe warmth warn (to) water (to) water (to) wave wave (to) weapon weird westernized wet wet wetsuit whisper (to) whoever whose widow will wisely witness witness stand wonder (to) wordly work (to) work for (to) work off (to) world worry worse worst would rather not (do sth) wound wrap (to) write down (to) writer youth valioso desaparecer variedad variar, cambiar vista viedo voluntario despertarse en pasear por pasar al lado de alguien querer / will not armario calor, cordialidad advertir regar regar ola agitar arma raro occidentalizado lluvioso mojado traje isotrmico, de buzo susurrar quienquiera cuyo, de quin viuda testamento sabiamente testigo estrado (juicio) preguntarse mundano trabajar trabajar para liberarse, desahogarse mundo preocupacin peor peor preferir no (hacer algo) herida (de bala, cuchillo) envolver anotar, apuntar escritor juventud

'vlj

b l]

vliebol

['vn ]

[v 'ra t ] ['ve r ]
[ [

verieti vrri fiu vnllad ] volenti gueik

vj :] 'v nj d]

[v l n't [we k]

wont / waunt ['w :dr

b]

guoodraub guonz guon gte weif

[w :m ]
[w :n]

['w :t ]
[we v]
[

'wep n] d]

gpon gied

[w

[wet] [wet]
['w sp ] [h :'ev ] [h :z] ['w d
[w l]

get gispa

juus

]
gil

/'wa zli/
['w tn s] ['w tn s] gitnes gitnes

[w :k]

geek

geld gees
[

w :st] w :nd]

gest gud giund

[w d]
[

[rp] [ra t] ['ra t ] [j : ]

roait ruaite lluuz

122

EOI Laredo
aficionado antique badge bear (to) discourage (to) exhaust fumes financial backing flick (to) handkerchief issue liven up (to) model mohican odds and ends postage stamp profitable recall (to) receive (to) reckon (to) relief relieve (to) sticker track (to) trigger (to) wasteland Alleviate arguably Backlash barely bizarre Blunder boast (to) Brand new bubble buzz commute Correlate (to) crowning moment Din Dread (to) Fade (to) Findings Full- blown fury Handicapped Harness (to) recordar recibir considerar, calcular, pensar, creer alivio aliviar, calmar pegatina, adhesivo seguirle la pista provocar, desencadenar pramo, tierra balda Aliviar, calmar probablemente Reaccin violenta apenas extrao, estrambtico Error garrafal, metedura de pata presumir, alardear Flamante burbuja, globo zumbido viajar al trabajo Correlacionar momento cumbre, mximo Estruendo, ruido Temer a, tener pavor a Desvanecerse Conclusiones Totalmente desarrollado furia Disminuido, en desventaja Utilizar, aprovechar (energa, recursos) ['fj [dred] [fe d] ['fa nd [bl [b
[ [

fan, entusiasta antiguo chapa, insignia soportar, aguantar desanimar gases del tubo de escape apoyo financiero mover rapidamente pauelo Asunto (problemtico) animar, animarse miniatura cresta (corte de pelo punk) cachivaches sello de correos [n't :k] [bd ] [be ] [d s'k r d ]

efisioneido antik bach

5 5 5 5

discorich

5 5 5 5

[fl k]
['h

k t :f]

jnkechiif isu laiven modol

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

[' j :]
['la v n] ['m d l]

['p
['pr

st d ] f t b l]

postich

[r 'k :l] [r 's :v] ['rek n] [r 'l :f] [r 'l :v] ['st k ] [trk] ['tr g ]

recol risiv rcon

5 5 5 5 5

stique

5 5

triga

5 5 6 6 6

'l :v e t]
[ :gj ['be l ] [b 'z : ] bisar ['bl nd ]

bl ]

agjuabli

6 6 6 6 6 bbol bazt ['k r le t] 6 6 6 6 6 [d n] 6 6 6

st]

'b b l] b z]

/'kra n /

z]

6 6 6 6 6

n]

r ]

fiuri ['hnd kpt] ['h :n s]

123

EOI Laredo
Heavy-handed In-house juggle (to) lack (to) Lessen (to) lowly Mercilessly Mild Mould (to) Nibble Onset outlook overly Override (to) Perpetue (to) Pitfall Pivotal Pledge post (to) prompt (to) proof Realization Resort Scarcely Scaremongering scattered scheme scorn (to) Severe Slip-up snapshot Soar (to) so-called Spark (to) Spat Strain struggle (to) Tackle (to) tend (to) tricky Vent (to) vintage Whereabouts Zero in on Witty Overly Mano dura, severo Interno (dentro de una organizacin) hacer malabares carecer de Disminuir, aliviar humilde Despiadadamente Ligero, leve, suave Moldear Picoteo (canaps, cctel) Comienzo punto de vista, perspectiva demasiado anular perpetuar Escollo, obstculo Fundamental Promesa, compromiso exponer, fijar (anuncios) provocar, dar lugar a prueba Comprensin (reflexin) Recurso Apenas Alarmismo disperso plan despreciar, desdear Serio, grave Metedura de pata foto instantanea Dispararse (precios, etc) presunto Estallar, desencadenar Discusin Tensin, tirantez pasar apuros, luchar Abordar, tratar tender, tener tendencia, ocuparse de [tend] Difcil, peliagudo Dar salida, dar rienda suelta aejo Paradero Dirigir la atencin a ingenioso demasiado ['w t ] [' ['v nt d ]
[we r 'ba ts

6 6

['d g l]
[lk]
['les n]

chagol lak

6 6 6 6

/'l

li/ m s l sli/
[ma ld] [m

6 6 6 6 6 6 6

ld]

['n b l]

['a tl k]
['

autluk

v l ]
[

v 'ra d] e t]

6 6 6 6 6 6 6

[p 'pet ['p tf :l]

/ p v tl /
[pled ]

[p

st]

poust

[pr mpt]
[pr :f] pruuf [r 'z :t] ['ske sl ] [ske 'm ['skt d] [sk :m] [sk :n] scon [s 'v ['snp ['s ] ['sl p p]

6 6 6 6

g r

6 6 6 6 6 6 6

t]
[s : ]

6 6 6

k :ld]
[spt] [stre n]

6 6 6

['str g l] ['tk l] ['tr k ] [vent]

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Personalidad 6 6

v l ]

124

EOI Laredo
Cool down (to) Tailor Hold on Drink up (to) Wash up (to) Fob off (to) Cheese off (to) Talk down to sb (to) Stress out (to) Burst out + verb+ ing (to) Smooth over (to) Dig up (to) Look into (to) Date back (to) Derive from (to) Mock Period Break up (to) Chilly Climate Cool hailstone Cloudless Word of mouth Out of need Bring along (to) Bid Shutter Kick-off Be shattered Let go of (to) Avenge (to) Fetch Kite Bump Clutch pedal Feel dreadful (to) Assigment Go down (to) Take on (to) Thrifty Fritter away (to) Set aside (to) Squander (to) Settle (to) Run up (to) Clear (to) Dough Enfriarse (comida) sastre no cuelgue! Terminar de beber, apurar la bebida Arrojar (por el mar) Enjaretarle a alguien con algo Sacar de las casillas a alguien hablar a alguien de forma condescendiente Estresarse Estallar, romper a Restar importancia a Desenterrar Investigar, examinar Datar de , remontarse a Derivar de Simulado, fingido Hora (de clase) Terminar el trimestre (uk) Fro Clima Fresco Granizo Despejado, sin una nube El Boca a boca Por necesidad Llevarse traerse (a un sitio) Oferta, puja contraventana Saque inicial (comienzo del partido) Estar muerto de cansancio Soltar vengar Traer, ir por cometa Golpe, sacudida Embrague Sentirse fatal (salud) Misin, tarea, destino Hundirse (empresa, barco) contratar Econmico, ahorrador malgastar ahorrar derrochar Saldar (una deuda) Acumular (deudas) Liquidar, cancelar (deuda) Pasta (dinero) ['te l ] comer Trabajo Comunicacin Pv Pv pv pv pv pv Pv Pv Pv Pv pv [d 'ra v] pv educacin Educacin educacin Tiempo Tiempo tiempo Tiempo tiempo Expresin expresin Pv Dinero Casas deportes Pv [ 'vend ] [fet ] [ka t] [b mp] [kl t ] ['dredf l] [ 'sa nm nt] pv trabajo Deporte transporte transporte Salud 6 6

[t :z]

[m k] ['p r d] ['t l ] ['kla m t] [k :l] ['he lst n] ['kla dl s]

[b d] ['

t ]

['k k f] [' t ]

/ r fti/ / fr t r /

Personalidad Dinero Dinero Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc

['skw nd ]
['set l]

Dinero Dinero Dinero Dinero Dinero

/d

125

EOI Laredo
Bail out (to) Hick This Sacks Return to the black (to) Panhandle (to) Chuckel (to) Blubber (to) Cry out (to) Roar with laughter (to) Laughtout loud (to) Work oneself up (to) Tremble with (to) Frighten the life out of me (to) Be scare to death (to) Cheer sb up (to) Get sb down (to) Yearning Game park Notably Brit / Briton Face-lift Shuttle (to) Divide up (to) Concur (to) Share out (to) Hail (to) Concern Outright Don (to) Diehard Thus Reverberate (to) Nappy Pen name Maiden name Sacar de apuros Pueblerino Esto se pone feo Saldar las deudas Mendigar Reirse Balbucear mientras se llora Llorar desconsoladamente Reir a carcajadas Reirse a carcajadas Perder el control Temblar con Darme un susto de muerte Morirse de miedo Animar a alguien Deprimir a alguien anhelo Parque natural En particular Ciudadano britnico Lifting, ciruga de cara trasladar repartirse Coincidir, estar de acuerdo Repartir (equitativamente) Saludar, aclamar preocupacin Rotundo, total ponerse Intransigente As, de este modo Resonar Paal Seudnimo Apellido de soltera [be l] expresion Personas Expresin Dinero Cc Cc Cc cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Pv Cc Cc Cc Cc Ropa Cc Cc Cc Cc Ropa Nombres Cc C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

/h k/

/ pn hndl / / t k l/ / bl b r / /r r / / lft r / /l f/ /la d/

Dinero fiesta Emocin Emocin Emocin Emocin Emocin

/ tremb l/

Emocin Emocin Emocin

/t r / / j rn / / n t bli/

Emocin Emocin emocin Naturaleza Conector Personas Medicina

/br t/ / br tn / / tl /

Transporte pv

[d 'va d] [k n'k : ] / er / [he l] / a tra t/ /d n/ rd / / da h / s/ /r v rb re t / / npi/ ['me d n] /ste d /

Personalidad Conector

Nombres Nombres Nombres

Stage name Nombre artstico Christian / first /fore / given name Nombre de pila Frumpy bombshell Yolk Ancestry I beg to differ Sever (to) Chop (to) Desaliado Bombn (mujer muy atractiva) Yema de huevo Ascendencia, abolengo Siento diferir, lamento discrepar Cortar, seccionar Cortar, rajar

['fr mp ] /b /j m el/ k/
youk

Aspecto Aspecto Comida Familia opinin

/ nsestri/ ['sev ]

126

EOI Laredo
Shades Bloke Fad Buzzword Nickname Live up to ones name Make a name for oneself Household name Put ones name forward Clear ones name Last name / surname /family name Married name Get lumped with (to) The top of the tree Be that cut and dried (to) Adviser Dim outlandish Cite (to) Aspect I was born and bred Deapen (to) Foray Profile Pet peeve Cynic Stuck-up Opinionated Anal Control freak Refined Stance Gait Freak Stalker Yes-man Hit man Whiz kid Busybody Chatterbox Middle name Would-be Catchy Control freak Womanizer Lifelong Gafas de sol Tipo, to Moda pasajera Palabra de moda Apodo Estar a la altura de mi nombre Hacerse un nombre Nombre conocido Proponer el nombre de uno Recuperar el buen nombre Apellido Apellido de casada Ser emparejado (encasquetado) La cima Ser tan definido (o claro) Consejero, asesor Nada halageo, poco prometedor Extravagante Citar, mencionar Orientacin, punto de vista Nac y me cri profundizar Incursin Perfil Cruz, fobia, cosas que molestan Desconfiado, incrdulo Estirado, creido Terco, tendencioso Obsesivo Dominante, controlador Refinado Postura Manera de andar Raro Acosador Pelota Asesino a sueldo, sicario Joven genio, nio prodigio Cotilla Charlatn Segundo nombre Aspirante Pegadizo Fantico del orden mujeriego De toda la vida

[ e d] /bl [b z] k/
Personas Costumbres costumbres nombres Nombres Nombres Nombres Nombres Nombres Nombres Nombres Expresin Trabajo expresin

C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 Aspecto C1 C1 vida C1 C1 C1 C1 vida pif C1 C1 personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

/fd/

[ d'va z ] /d m/ /a t lnd / /sa t/ ['spekt] / di p n/ / f re / / pr s n k/ / st k p/ / p nj ne t d / / e nl / /k n tr /stns / / e t/ /fri k/ / st k r/ l/ /fri k/ /r fa nd/ fa l/

Trabajo

Personalidad Personalidad Cuerpo Cuerpo Personalidad Crimen Personalidad Crimen

['b z b d ] / t t rb / m dl / ['w db :] / kt i/ /fri k/ / w m na z r / ['la fl ] ks/

Personalidad Personalidad Nombres Trabajo Arte Personalidad Personalidad Vida

C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

127

EOI Laredo
Blow a fuse Chat-up line Motormouth Bigmouth When it comes to the crunch Procrastinator Ballpark figure Owe-inspiring Be in owe of sb (to) Lone wolf Close-minded (AM) Narrow-minded (UK) Seize the day Stock phrases Obnoxious Blunt Sugar quoted way Daydream (to) Daredevil Rolling stone Battle-axe Golden boy Loophole Clash (to) Take your chances (to) Run the risk (to) Its too ridiculous a question Miss out on sth (to) Blow your nose (to) Start a family (to) Undergo a treatment (to) Pass on (to) Resourceful Intelligent Clever Smart Talented Gifted Wise knowledgeable perceptive Self-taught Witty Perder los nervios Linea de conversacin (buscar pareja) charlatn Bocazas Cuando llega la hora de la verdad Que deja todo para ltima hora Cifra aproximada Impresionante, imponente Sentirse intimidado por alguien Lobo solitario Cerrado, intolerante Cerrado, intolerante No dejes para maana lo que pueda hacer hoy Frases hechas detestable Directo, franco Versin edulcorada Fantasear Temerario Trotamundos Hacha de guerra Chico de oro, nio prodigio Resquicio legal Chocar, estar enfrentado Correr el riesgo Correr el riesgo Es una pregunta ridcula Perderse, dejar pasar (algo bueno) Sonarse la nariz Crear una familia Someterse a tratamiento Transmitir, pasar Emprendedor, ingenioso Inteligente Listo Inteligente Talentoso Talentoso Sabio Erudito, culto perspicaz Autodidacta Ocurrente, ingenioso

/fju z/

Expresin

C1 C1

Personalidad Personalidad Expresin

C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

[pr 'krst ne t ] / f / j r/ n spa r /

Personalidad Nmeros

Expresin

C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

/w lf/

Expresin Personalidad Personalidad

/si z/ /fre z/ / bn k s / /bl nt/ / de dri m/ / der devl /

Expresin

Personalidad Expresin

C1 C1 C1

Personalidad Personalidad Guerra

C1 C1 C1 C1

['l :ph /kl /

l]
Expresin Expresin Expresin Pv salud familia

C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

/ tri tm nt/ /r s rsf l/ | / n tel d / klev (r)/ /sm rt / tl nt d/ ft d/ /wa z/ ['n l d [self't :t] / w ti/ b l] /p r sept v / nt /

salud Salud Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad Personalidad

128

EOI Laredo
Mutiny Bearer Heap Gauge (to) Latter Embodiment Be tie up (to) Be put out (to) Tire out (to) Cut out of (to) Over and done with Be done for (to) Over-ambitious Apathetic Thoughtful Twentysomething Senior citizen Toddler Preteen Newborn baby A 30-year-old A middle-aged Come of age (to) He just turned 30 On the wrong side of 40 Midlife crisis Come up to (to) Get on for (to) Series On a moments notice On the market Washboard Chart (to) instalment Barrister Ill at ease sanity Undergo (to) Weathered Adolescence Minor A person aged 30 In his prime Grown-up Motn Portador Montn, pila Medir, evaluar, estimar ltimo, segundo (de dos) Encarnacin Estar ocupado (en algo) Estar muy ofendido Agotar Estar hecho para Acabado (que ya ha pasado) Estar frito (en muy mal estado) Demasiado ambicioso Aptico Atento, considerado Veintialgo Persona mayor Nio pequeo (que empieza a andar) Preadolescente Recien nacido De treinta aos De mediana edad Hacerse mayor de edad Acaba de cumplir 30 aos De ms de 40 aos Crisis de los cuarenta Llegar a Acercarse a Serie (de radio o televisin) De inmediato En el mercado (disponible) Tabla de lavar Hacer un seguimiento Entrega, captulo, episodio Trabajo Tiempo Salud Personalidad

['mj :t n ] / ber r / /hi p/ / ed / ['lt ]

[ m'b d ment]

personalidad

C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc C1 C1 C1 Cc

/ p et k/ [' :tf l]

Personalidad Personalidad Edad

/ si nj r/ s t z n/ ['t dl ] / pri ti n/ ['nj :b :n] [m d l'e d d]

Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad

['m dla f]['kra s s]

Edad Edad Edad

/ s ri z /

Televisin Tiempo Compras Casas

[t

:t]
instlment Televisin Trabajo Expresin

[ n'st :lm nt]

Cc Cc cc Cc Cc

Abogado (para tribunales superiores) ['br st ] Incmodo, a disgusto, cohibido Cordura, juicio, sensatez Experimentar, sufrir Curtido, envejecido, erosionado Adolescencia Menor (de edad) Una persona de 30 aos En su plenitud (aspecto-fsica) Adulto

['sn t ] [ nd 'g ] / we rd / [d 'les ns] / ma n r / /pra m/

salud

Aspecto Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad

Cc C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

129

EOI Laredo
Childish Mature Get on (to) Heading for retirament Over the hill Pensioner Aged Senile Old age As old as the hills In her second childhood Hes got one foot in the grave Kick the bucket (to) Bliss Parochial But for Shelf life Sponger Adamant Dispel Debunk the myth Fulfill (to) Ageism Vault Retrieve (to) Sail through (to) Let alone Supple Devise (to) Non-stop From the fringe to the norm Enhancer Foresight Wakefulness Usher (to) Infantil (comportamiento) Maduro Hacerse viejo Camino de la jubilacin De ms de 40 (estar de vuelta) Jubilado Anciano senil Vejez Ms viejo que Matusaln Demencia senil Tiene un pie en la tumba Estirar la pata, palmar Felicidad, dicha Pueblerino De no ser por Vida til Gorrn Insistente, tenaz Disipar, hacer desvanecer Desmontar el mito Satisfacer, cumplir Discriminacin por razn de edad Stano, cripta Recuperar Aprobar sin problemas Por no hablar de Flexible, gil Idear, concebir Sin parar De lo marginal a lo habitual potenciador Previsin Insomnio llevar, guiar ['f :sa t] [f l'f l] Satisfacer, cumplir Edad C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 Cc

[m 'tj

Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad Edad

/ hed / [r 'ta m nt]

['pen n ] e d d/ ['s :na l]

/bl s/ /p r ki l/
Personas Conector Aparatos

C1 C1 C1 C1 C1 C1

/ sp nd /d spel/

r/

Personalidad Personalidad

['d m nt]

Expresin

C1 C1 C1

/ e d z m/ [v :lt]
[r 'tr :v] Educacin Conector ['s p l] Cuerpo Casas

Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc Cc

/d va z/
Expresin Expresin Comer Trabajo

Cc Cc cc cc Cc cc

130