Advanced Communication Networks

Iqbal Uddin Khan

Assignment #3

Assignment - 3
Q1. Design and describe an application-level protocol to be used between an Automatic Teller Machine, and a bank's centralized computer. Your protocol should allow a user's card and password to be verified, the account balance (which is maintained at the centralized computer) to be queried, and an account withdrawal (i.e., when money is given to the user) to be made. Your protocol entities should be able to handle the all-too-common case in which there is not enough money in the account to cover the withdrawal. Specify your protocol by listing the messages exchanged, and the action taken by the Automatic Teller Machine or the bank's centralized computer on transmission and receipt of messages. Sketch the operation of your protocol for the case of a simple withdrawal with no errors, using a diagram similar to that in Figure given below. Explicitly state the assumptions made by your protocol about the underlying end-to-end transport service.

Answer:
Card Inserted in ATM Machine Remote Server Check the bank and ask for PIN

User inserts the PIN Remote Server confirms it (GUI appeared) User request for Balance Remote Server check Balance (GUI Changed)User select desired amount Server Confirms amount and send OK to Machine. User receives the card and amount Server Receives OK and send OK User Receives Statement Session end Server receives End session signal

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Advanced Communication Networks

Iqbal Uddin Khan

Q2. Consider an application which transmits data at a steady rate (e.g., the sender generates a N bit unit of data every k time units, where k is small and fixed). Also, when such an application starts, it will stay on for relatively long period of time. Answer the following questions, briefly justifying your answer:

a. Would a packet-switched network or a circuit-switched network be more appropriate for this application? Why? b. Suppose that a packet-switching network is used and the only traffic in this network comes from such applications as described above. Furthermore, assume that the sum of the application data rates is less that the capacities of each and every link. Is some form of congestion control needed? Why?

Answer:
A - First of all we will consider that bandwidth is known and fix, so accordingly Packet Switched Network will be appropriate as long sessions could be established and streaming will be required smooth, Smoothness will be maintained by Packet Switched Network as it will change its path according to traffic and contention. B- As a Packet Switched Network is dedicated only for such application and none of the running applications are transmitting data up to their maximum bandwidth so no congestion will occur.

Q3. Using the layer model in figure given below, describe the ordering and delivery of a pizza, indicating the interaction at each level (layered approach).

Answer:
As the Guests arrive at home, host and guest mutually decide to have pizza. Host order the Pizza via telephone, so he call Pizzas cuisine, where order is received via telephone and forwarded to the cook. As the pizza is ready it is forwarded to delivery boy/Van. Now Pizza is on the way then arrived where it is order and received by the host and served to guests.

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Advanced Communication Networks

Iqbal Uddin Khan

Q4. The French and Chinese prime ministers need to come to an agreement by telephone, but neither speaks the others language. Further, neither has on hand a translator that can translate to the language of the other. However, both prime ministers have English translators on their staffs. Draw a diagram similar to diagram given in Q3, above to depict the situation, and describe the interaction at each level.

Answer:

French Prime minister French to English and English to French Translator

Chinese Prime minister Chinese to English and English to Chinese Translator

Answer:
The Chinese prime minister speak to Chinese to English translator , now Chinese to English translator will talk to French to English translator and then French to English talk to French prime minister and vice versa. Q5. In continuation to the question given above, now suppose that the Chinese prime ministers translator can translate only into Japanese and that the French prime minister has a German translator available. A translator between German and Japanese is available in Germany. Draw a new diagram that reflects this arrangement and describe the hypothetical phone conversation.

French Prime minister

Chinese Prime minister Chinese to Japanese and Japanese to Chinese Translator German to Japanese and Japanese to German Translator

French to German and German to French Translator

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