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Study Of Crack Pattern And Strength With Replacement Of Natural With Artificial Fine Aggregate In Concrete
Posted in Concrete Engineering, Research Papers | Email This Post

Submitted By Vinayak Ravindra Supekar. (National Institute Of Construction Management And Research Center, (Nicmar))

ABSTRACT: Now days the construction industry in the India is facing one of the major problem that is natural fine aggregate. And court awarded that totally band on excavation of fine aggregate from river because they affect on environment and changing the river direction. (fig.5). Thus the more natural fine aggregate are highly needed to replace with artificial fine aggregate. This paper presentation the study of crack pattern of concrete slab, each size is (500*300*50) mm and replacement of natural fine aggregate with artificial fine aggregate by 20%,40% 60% 100% and also finding the compressive Strength of that concrete cube. And these experiment is carried out maintain temperature 32 0cAnd the according to experimental result show that the replacement of natural sand by artificial sand up to 60% and gives best result that is maximum strength and minimum area of crack. Key words: - Concrete slab, natural fine aggregate, artificial fine aggregate (grit), crack pattern. INTRODUCTIONThe use of the artificial fine aggregate in concrete has increased rapidly in last few year because of more reduction in natural fine aggregate in river due to tremendous excavation. And also band on excavation from river (fig5) form court. Concrete is the most widely used construction material because of its flow ability in most complicated from i.e. it is ability to take any shape while wet and its strength development characteristics when it hardens. Concrete requires consumption of virgin materials. It requires cement, water, and suitable aggregates. Its production involves a number of operations according to prevailing site condition. The ingredients of widely varying characteristics can be used to produce concrete of acceptable quality. The strength, durability, and other characteristics of concrete depend upon the properties of its ingredients. In concrete fine and coarse aggregate constitute about 75% of the total volume. It is therefore important to obtain right type and good quality aggregate at site. The aggregates from the main matrix of concrete of mortar. Fine aggregate (smaller than 4.45) play a very important role in controlling the properties of fresh concrete. They help to improve cohesiveness of fresh concrete, improve workability and prevent segregation and bleeding of concrete. So fine Aggregate is an essential component of concrete. The most commonly used fine aggregate is natural river or pit sand. The global consumption of natural sand is very high due to extensive use of concrete. In particular the demand of natural sand is quite high in developing countries owing of rapid infrastructural growth. In this situation developing countries are facing shortages in supply of natural sand. Natural sand deposits are being depleted and causing serious threat to environment as well as the society. Increasing extracting of natural sand from river beds is causing many problems loosing water retaining sand strata Deeping of the river courses and causing bank slides, loss of vegetation on the bank of river, exposing the intake well of water supply schemes etc are few examples. River sand is becoming a very scare material sand mining from our river becomes objectionable. Is has now reached a stages where it is killing all our rivers of our country from total depth. Also dams are constructed on every river hence these resources are erasing very fast. Now day good quality sand is not readily available so it is a need of the time to find some substitute to natural river sand some alternative material have already been used a a apart natural sand for examples fly ash slag and lime stone and siliceous stones powder were used in concrete mixtures as a partial replacement of natural sand. On this basis the present study has used manufactured sand in concrete mixtures as a partial replacement of natural sand. Manufactured sand is a process controlled cursed aggregate produced from quarried stone by crushing or grinding and classification to obtain a controlled gradation product that completely passes the 4.75 mm sieve. I n this particle shape is influenced by the physical properties of the parent rock and by method of production. Manufactured sand generally contain more angular particles with rough surface textures and flatter face than natural sand that are more rounded as a result of weathering overtime some investigation have shown that angular particles, rough surface of manufactured sand influences the workability finish ability in fresh concrete. In most cases some improvement in bond with cement past is obtain as surface roughness, increases and strength of hardened concrete. Manufactured sand have to satisfy the technical requisites like workability and strength of concrete since the on this aspect of concrete using manufactured sand is scarce it is necessary to investigate the concrete produced with manufactured sand. EXPERIMENTAL WORKMaterial characteristicsFor this experiment each 20 % replacement of natural fine aggregate by artificial fine aggregate i.e. 0% ,20%, 40%, 60%, 80% &100% casted the three slab for each percentage that total 18 slab were casted and tested of crack pattern . The size of slab was (500*300*50)mm and six cube for each percentage thats 54 cube were casted and size of cube was 150mm*150mm*150mm it was cast and tested of the compressive strength of cube. The

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concrete is made with mix design. The compositions of the concrete consisting of the ordinary Portland cement, coarse aggregate, definite proportion of natural and artificial fine aggregate and water. The coarse aggregate used in concrete mix with artificial fine aggregate i.e. grit . size of coarse aggregate was used 20mm and the water cement ratio used was 0.5. all of the slab and cube were cast at one time with steel slab and cube mould respectively in the laboratory. The cube were cured in good water available in the laboratory at room temperature32 0c. And crack pattern were tested after hardening of the slab i.e. avgas .period after 6 to 7 hr. Test setup and test procedureThe size of concrete slab was (500*300*50) mm and it was started the finding the cracks after slab was hardening i.e. period of after 6 to 7 hr. During observation all the cracks were marked on the transparent paper for finding the area of crack and measurement done with help of hand held microscope. The fig of the slab test is shown in fig 3 least count of microscope is 0.001mm. crack spacing is measured within all the slab. And the cube was tested with compression machine at the age of 28 days up to failure. The fig of the cube test is shown in fig 4 and finds the compressive strength of concrete. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:RESULTS OF FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES:The results of the slump test carried out on the fresh concert gives a good indication of workability of concrete. However the slump test is limited I its applications and better indication of workability as given from compacting factor also summary of fresh concrete TEST RESULTS SHOWING FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES Suggested mix proportion Percentage replacement of natural sand by artificial sand 0 20 40 60 80 100 Slump test (mm) 40 48 50 56 54 45 0.91 0.92 O.90 0.90 0.90 0.87 Compaction factor Flow table test (%) 27.16 25.70 9.32 11.33 7.68 9.12

1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275

RESULTS OF HARDENED CONCRETE PROPERTIES; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH & CRACK AREA; FOR this test crack patter area finding from table name SHEET A1 to table name SHEET F3 and according to experimental result it is states that Replacement of natural fine aggregate by 60% artificial fine aggregate is the best result because of maximum strength and minimum area of crack. And the compressive strength of concrete was determined by testing concrete cube of size (150*150*150) mm The test were carried out on the concrete at 28 days to determine rate of gain of strength The compressive strength of concrete is determined by the following formula F=P/A Where, F= Compressive strength of concrete. P= maximum road measured during testing A=Area of specimen being tested. Test result of comp. strength of concrete (cube specimen) and area of crack. For w/c ratio=0.5 Suggested mix proportion 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 1:1.583:3.275 Percentage replacement Area of crack of natural sand by artificial sand 0 20 40 60 80 100 13.33 2.59 2.22 1.21 3.23 5.22 Compressive strength (N/mm2) 23.48 27.12 31.38 35.16 33.28 33.27

TEST RESULTS USED FOR MIX DESIGN FOR MAKING CONCRETE:A) TESTS ON NATURAL FINE AGGREGATE:SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF NATURAL SAND-G= 2.7 WATER ABSORPTION =6% SIEVE ANALYSIS OF NATURAL SAND= FINENESS MODULUS:- 2.9(ZONE II) MOISTURE CONTENT OF NATURAL SAND=1% B) TESTS ON MANUFACTURED (ARTIFICIAL) FINE AGGREGATE:SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF MANUFACTURED (ARTIFICIAL) FINE AGGREGATE=2.97 WATER ABSORPTION OF MANUFACTURED (ARTIFICIAL) FINE AGGREGATE= 6.5% SIEVE ANALYSIS OF MANUFACTURED (ARTIFICIAL) FINE AGGREGATE= FINENESS MODULUS:-2.84 (ZONE II) MOISTURE CONTENT= 1. CONCLUSION:1) Replacement of natural fine aggregate by 60% artificial fine aggregate is the best result because of maximum strength and minimum area of crack. 2) When the replacement percentage of artificial sand is increases more than 60% the compressive strength decreases and area of crack increases. 3) Replacement of natural sand by manufactured fine aggregate improve the cube compressive strength of the matrix.

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4) Replacement of natural sand by manufactured fine aggregate improves the workability of the matrix. Showing the all the result of test Suggested mix proportion Percentage replacement of natural sand by artificial sand 1:1.583:3.275 0 1:1.583:3.275 20 1:1.583:3.275 40 1:1.583:3.275 60 1:1.583:3.275 80 1:1.583:3.275 100 Slump test (mm) (%) 40 48 50 56 54 45 0.91 0.92 O.90 0.90 0.90 0.87 27.16 25.70 9.32 11.33 7.68 9.12 Compaction Flow table factor test Compressive Area of crack strength (mm2) (N/mm2) 23.48 27.12 31.38 35.16 33.28 33.27 13.33 2.59 2.22 1.21 3.23 5.22

REFERENCES:BOOKS:1) M.S.SHETTY concrete technology s.chand Co.Ltd. (2004). 2) M.L.Gamhir, concrete technology, Tata McGraw hill publishing co. ltd (2006) JOURNALS: 1) Hudson B.P.( 1997) Manufactured sand for concrete- The Indian concrete journal (may1997), pp 237-240 2) Nagaraj T.S. Zahinda Banu ( 1996) Efficient utilization of rock dust and pebbles as aggregate in Portland cement concrete- The Indian concrete journal jan.1996, pp.53-56 3) Misra V.N. (1984) Use of stone dust from crushers in cement sand motors the India concrete journal ,august 1984,pp 219-223 4) Lukkarila jay (2006) preparing a path for manufactured sand concrete international, June 2006 pp 66-67 5) Babbie E.& mounton j. The practice or social research, Soutt African edition .Cape TOWN: oxford university press, 2005. LIST OF REFERRED IS CODES: 1) IS 10262:1982: Recommended Guidelines for concrete mix design. 2) Sp 23: 1982 ; Handbook on concrete mixes 3) IS 383: 1970 Indian standards specification for coarse and fine aggregate from nature source for concrete 4) IS 12269-1987 Specification for 53 grade ordinate Portland cement. 5) IS 1199:1959 Method of sampling and analysis of concrete 6) IS 2386 : 1963 (PART I AND VIII) Methods of test for aggregate for concrete. WEBSITE:1) http://oa.upm.es/8501/2/INVE_MEM_2010_83506.pdf 2) http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/34636 FOLLOWING TABLES ARE RESULT OF CRACKC OBERAVATION IN CONCRETE SLABTABLES OF MEASURMENT OF CRACKS (USE TRANSPERNET SHEET) SHEET NO -A1 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL SHEET NO A2 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TOTAL SHEET NO B1 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 LENTH 35 36 32 33 WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 AREA 0.35 0.36 0.32 0.33 LENTH 140 75 64 84 160 134 65 61 WIDHT 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 AREA 4.20 2.25 1.28 1.68 3.20 4.02 1.30 0.61 LENTH 65 74 50 79 81 8.13 WIDHT 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 AREA 1.95 1.48 1.50 1.58 1.62

18.54 AVERAGE-13.33

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5 6 TOTAL 2.59

39 51

0.0165 0.01

0.64 0.51

SHEET NO B2 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 TOTAL SHEET NO B3 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 TOTAL AVERAGE:-2.59 SHEET NO -C1 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 TOTAL SHEET NO C2 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 TOTAL SHEET NO C3 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 TOTAL AVERAGE:-2.22 SHEET NO -D1 SR.NO 1 LENTH 40 WIDHT 0.01 AREA 0.40 LENTH 20 21 24 28 18 24 2.52 WIDHT 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 AREA 0.40 0.42 0.24 0.28 0.18 0.24 LENTH 34 30 29 48 48 34 2.52 WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 AREA 0.34 0.30 0.58 0.48 0.48 0.34 2.40 LENTH 30 35 33 32 48 30 WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 AREA 0.30 0.35 0.33 0.64 0.48 0.30 LENTH 28 27 63 38 48 31 2.96 WIDHT 0.0133 0.0133 0.01 0.0133 0.0167 0.01 AREA 0.37 0.35 0.63 0.50 0.80 0.31 LENTH 43 64 26 30 20 26 2.30 WIDHT 0.01 0.0133 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 AREA 0.43 0.85 0.26 0.30 0.20 0.26

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2 3 TOTAL SHEET NO D2 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 TOTAL SHEET NO D3 SR.NO 1 2 3 TOTAL AVERAGE: 1.21 SHEET NO -E1 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL 1.61 SHEET NO E2 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOTAL 5.48 SHEET NO E3 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL 2.61

31 32 1.03

0.01 0.01

0.31 0.32

LENTH 24 35 23 32 1.14

WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

AREA 0.24 0.35 0.23 0.32

LENTH 34 51 46 1.47

WIDHT 0.01 0.0133 0.01

AREA 0.34 0.61 0.46

LENTH 27 38 24 34 38

WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

AREA 0.27 0.38 0.24 0.34 0.38

LENTH 37 27 60 37 36 41 52

WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03

AREA 0.37 0.27 0.60 0.37 1.08 1.23 1.36

LENTH 54 25 35 30 63

WIDHT 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

AREA 1.08 0.25 0.35 0.30 0.63

AVERAGE:-3.23

SHEET NO F1 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LENTH 81 38 32 46 76 107 44 70 56 WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.0133 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 AREA 0.81 0.38 0.43 0.92 0.76 1.07 0.44 0.70 0.56

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TOTAL SHEET NO F2 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TOTAL SHEET NO F3 SR.NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. TOTAL 5.02 AVERAGE 5.22

6.07

LENTH 63 90 54 42 66 54 40 49 4.58

WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

AREA 0.63 0.90 0.54 0.42 0.66 0.54 0.40 0.49

LENTH 52 68 48 57 32 58 49 46 46

WIDHT 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02

AREA 0.52 0.68 0.48 0.57 0.32 0.58 0.49 0.46 0.92

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We at engineeringcivil.com are thankful to Er. Vinayak Ravindra Supekar for submitting his research paper on Study Of Crack Pattern And Strength With Replacement Of Natural With Artificial Fine Aggregate In Concrete to us. More Entries : Concrete Mix Design M60 Grade Of Concrete (OPC 53 Grade) Concrete Mix Design M70 Grade of Concrete (OPC 53 Grade) Mix Design For M35 Grade Of Concrete Mix Design M-40 Grade Mix Design M-50 Grade Concrete Mix Design M 20 Grade Of Concrete In concrete pavement, why is the requirement of 95% by mass of quartz grains are specified in contract? Project on Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Powder Comments abhijit jadhav September 12, 2012 at 10:42 pm nice topic , i like very much, pelease select for in your journal for publication Reply Link Quote Post a comment Name Email Website

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