274

30a9-b7 Appendix
Analysis of 30a9-b7 in style of Bailly 2003. At each level, main verb in green, subject in red font. , , Main clause Indirect speech dependent upon , begun but suspended for: Appositional conjunction to , naming these four. We know already from 23c4-5 that the first three genera are also present in all things. The participial phrase adds the comment that that Cause, too, is present, fourth, in all things. An alternative interpretation of is that it claims that Cause is present in the genera Bound and Boundless as well as Mix (Delcomminette 2006: 268). I reject this alternative on the grounds that it is at odds with propositions 94.2-3 (=27a8-12) and 94 (= 27b1-2). Demonstrative pronoun in apposition to its antecedent, , beginning an appositional phrase that is suspended for: Conjunction of participial phrases (expressing actions performed by the subject, , that cause the action of the main verb of the appositional phrase, ) begun but suspended for: Genitive absolute construction expressing circumstances (a body stumbling) causing the action of the implied main verb of the third conjunct, . Conjunction of participial phrases resumed and completed. Appositional phrase resumed and completed.

[] '

275
' , , Genitive absolute construction expressing circumstances causing the action of the main verb, , of the indirect speech begun above and completed below. The demonstrative pronouns most immediate and natural antecedent is []. The genitive absolute construction prohibits the antecedent from being (as Bury 1897: 55 states). Restated with a finite verb, the participial phrase reads t d' at tat stin , kal elikrin. These same bodies [as are found at our level, that is, bodies composed of fire, water, air, and earth lying together in a unity] are in the whole sky in big parts, which are surpassingly fair and pure. Indirect speech dependent upon resumed and completed. The most immediate and natural antecedent of the demonstrative pronoun is . In these [big, sky bodyparts] those four genera have achieved the nature of the finest and most valuable things [i.e. soul, mind, and wisdom]. We know from the fourfold division that these four genera are present in all things in the spatial-temporal world. The four genera achieve the nature of the finest things in different ways: Boundless by receiving bounds; Bound by binding boundless things; Mix by bearing the finest nature; and Cause by causing the mixes to come to bear that nature. There is no reason to change the subject of to the fourth genus alone (as does Stallbaum, followed by for example Bury 1897: 55 and Hackforth 1945: 56, making the entire sentence 30a9-b7 ungrammatical: an anacoluthon). The plural form is used not because Plato wavers between a single world-soul . . . and a plurality, as Hackforth 1945: 56 states, but because the argument requires that the finest and most precious refers to three things: soul, mind, and wisdom.

'

276

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