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Lecture 1
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe Taibah University College of Computer Science & Engineering Information Systems Department
Learning aim
Explain an approach that an organisation may follow to formulate its strategic business objectives Discuss how information systems may be used to assist in achieving these objectives Distinguish between a business strategy and an information systems strategy Identify responsibility for the ownership of the IS strategy
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
Changing Contemporary Business Environment Four powerful worldwide changes have altered the business environment. The first change is Globalisation Transformation of the Enterprise Transformation of Industrial Economies Emergence of the Digital Firm
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
Globalisation
Management and control in a global marketplace Competition in world markets Global work groups Global delivery systems
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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Understand the role and relevance of an information system aids to decision making. Identifying and evaluating appropriate information systems. Managing the process of information gathering, processing, storage and retrieval Managers make decisions using the information available to them at the time.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011. 18
System emphasizing a fair degree of integration view; Information stressing on processed data which it is used by end users; Management focusing on the ultimate use systems for managerial decision making.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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is Concept
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Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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Functional Uses of IS
Enhance : Quality of our operations Quality of our services We achieve : Efficiency Transparency Speedy Decision making
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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Information as Critical
The information we have is not what we want, The information we want is not the information we need, The information we need is not available.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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Strategic Uses of IS
Precise development of strategies, planning, forecasting and monitoring Problem solving Decision-making Separate work from location
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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Life-blood of the organisation (cont) To ensure effective and efficient decision making leading to prosperity of the Organisation. Information as Resource It is scarce It has a cost It has alternative uses There is an opportunity cost actor involved if one does not process information
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011. 26
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Why IS?
Right Information To the right person At the right place At the right time In the right form At the right cost
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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Planning: Planning requires a knowledge of the available resources, possible time-scales and the likely outcome under alternative scenarios. Controlling: Information is required to assess whether it is proceeding as planned or whether there is some unexpected deviation from the plan. It may consequently be necessary to take some form of corrective action.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011. 29
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Decision making: Just as decision making can be analysed into three levels, so information necessary to make decisions within an organisation can be analysed in the same way.
Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering, Taibah University Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Taibah University, KSA, 2011.
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Definitions of information
Data that has been interpreted, translated, or transformed to reveal the underlying meaning; (www.nrcan.gc.ca/cfsscf/science/prodserv/kmglossary_e.html) Data that have been processed and presented in a form suitable for human interpretation, often with the purpose of revealing trends or patterns. (www.gtscompanies.com/glosscomp.html
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Reference
Laudon, K. & Laudon, J. (2006): Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 9th ed. Prentice Hall BPP, Information Systems, Study Text, Paper 2.1, BPP Professional Education, United Kingdom. Abdisalam Issa-Salwe, Lecture Notes, Thames Valley University, 2008. Lachlan M. MacKinnon, Information: Types of Information System Systems, http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~lachlan/dbislectures/le ctures/types.ppt,
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Topic Questions
What are the forces leading todays world economies? Explain the importance of information to organisations What is the difference between information and data What is the role of information systems in today's competitive business environment? What exactly is an information system? What do managers need to know about information systems? How are information systems transforming organisations and management? How has the Internet and Internet technology transformed business? What are the major management challenges to building and using information systems?
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