Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

DMG Consulting Pvt. Ltd., Noida

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

Executive Summary
Introduction Government of India (GoI) and Government of Madhya Pradesh (GoMP) have made several initiatives through various programmes to meet the growing demands of infrastructure and service delivery. Subsequently, the GoI and GoM executed various program such as City Development (a) Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT), (b) Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP), (c) the GoMP initiated DFID funded MPUSP, which links reform with investment in infrastructure for the poor, etc. Other than this, there are several programmes that have been initiated by the GoI and GoMP. Objectives and scope of the Assignment The objective of the assignment is to prepare a City Development plan (CDP) with the vision of a desired future perspective for the city and formulate a strategic framework and interventions through sectoral plans translated into actions that define on how the ULB, together with other stakeholders, intends to work towards achieving their longterm vision in the next five years. The above foremost objective is to achieve and translate into developmental outputs in the form of projects, programme and implementation process which intend to cover the following: To scale up existing urban development and poverty alleviation schemes within a comprehensive and coherent strategic planning framework in order to ensure optimal benefit from available resources for the citizens of the ULBs. To catalyze new thinking and provoke debate through a consultative stakeholder driven process. The vision and Strategic thrusts of the CDP will be built around the lessons and findings of a comprehensive and rigorous stakeholder consultation and documentation process. It is expected that the CDP will serve the requirements of the UIDSSMT and IHSDP programmes as well as JNNURM and other development schemes. To generate specific priority actions and projects that can be the basis for mobilizing funding from diverse sources. The scope of work include: a) Inception Report covering Current status, systems and procedures, reconnaissance and kick off workshop. b) Sector Analysis Report on the economic opportunity and potential for local/regional economic development with special reference to the poor, transport study with emphasis on low cost public transport and livelihoods, heritage conservation and tourism, environmental sustainability, access to housing, employment and social and environmental services by the poor, health and education services gap in the town, sectoral issues addressed under the Master Plan. C) City Profile covering assessment of the existing situation in all the sectors identified, emerging issues, SWOT analysis and projection of the present gaps and future requirements. This will be done within the framework of parameters relating to demography, economic base, finance, physical and environmental issues, infrastructure, institutions and universalisation of services especially for the poor. d) Evolving City Objectives and formulate sectoral strategies based on the stakeholders

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

consultation. e) Development strategy and Action Plan. f) Evaluation of Sectoral vision and Action Plan in consultation with the stakeholders. g) Analysis of Governance Framework & Reform Action Plans. h) Preparation of a City Investment Plan (CIP) and a Financing Strategy (Financial Operating Plan). The Draft Final Report provides (a) Introduction including scope of work, methodology adopted and consultation process of Stakeholders in project identification process b) Physical feature of the town contains location, Physiography and landform, municipal area and planning area c) Demographic profile including population projection along with other demographic indicators d) Socio - Economic profile of the town including sex ratio, literacy, WFPR, industrial activities, trade and commerce, tourism and issues, e) Physical planning and Growth management including spatial distribution, growth trends, municipal wards, status of housing and demand, study of Master Plan provisions, future growth possibilities f) status of Infrastructure including water supply, Sewerage and Sanitation, Solid waste management, Drainage and flooding, Traffic and transportation, Street lighting and Fire fighting, BPL population and Slum population, Social Infrastructure, status of Environment, tourism and Heritage conservation, g) Existing Institutional framework h) current status of municipal accounting system and financial management system, Investment Plan and Financing Strategies for revenue account, income, capital expenditure, key issues i) Investment Prioritization plan including sector wise project identification and costing, Investment plan and financial plan, j) Urban Reforms, strategy and action plan, k) City Vision. Physical Features of the Town Mangawan is a very small town situated 30kms in Northeast from Rewa Town (District Headquarter) and is a tehsil of Rewa District, which is bounded by Teonthar and Sirmour in the North, Gurh in South, Rewa in South-West, Mauganj in the East and Sirmour in the West. Town constitutes a total area of about 12.6 Sq. Km. Geographically, the city lies at 24.68 north latitude and 81.55 east longitude at an altitude of about 305m (1000 ft) above mean sea level in Bagelkhand Region. The medium deep black soils are intensively cultivated and potential. The area enjoys tropical type climatic conditions. The climate of the town has been characterized by hot and dry summers and mild winters. The town has agriculture dominant land use. Demographic profile of the town As per the Census of India, 1991 the total population of Mangawan town was about 9307 which has been continuously increased throughout the various year and has been registered 11560 in 2001 and 13,962 in 2011 with a gross population of density of 11.08 persons per hectare in 2011. In the year 2001, as per the Census of India, the total population of Mangawan Nagar Parishad (MNP) was 11,560 with a density of 9.17 persons per hectare. The decadal growth rate for the year 1991-2001 is registered as 24.20%. At present, as per the Census 2011, MNP has registered a total population of 13,962 with a decadal growth rate of 22.77%. As per 2001 Census, the average literacy rate of Mangawan town was 56.92% which has increased significantly to 65.86% as per 2011 Census and out of the total population, MNP had 19.87 % (2298 persons) of Schedule Caste (SC) and 5.08% (588 persons) of total population accounts for Schedule Tribe (ST) Population.

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

The average decadal growth rate in past decades was 22.77 %. The population growth rate of the town started declining as per Census 2011. Based on Arithmetic Progression method, the projected population for 2035 is 19548 persons. Socio-Economic Profile of the Town Socio- economic profile reflects the sociological and economical characteristics of the city. The overall economy of the town is highly localized and confined to only low-level economic activities of the hinterland. Due to the location on the intersection of two important national highways, the trade and commerce, a vital service sector did see rise in terms of dhabas and hotels and other transit-oriented development. Area along the Highways is becoming more and more dominant in shaping the economic profile of the town. As per the Census 2001, the sex ratio in the Mangawan city is 903 females per thousand males, the average literacy rate of Mangawan town was 56.9 per cent, which constitutes male literacy 67.71 per cent while female literacy rate 44.97 per cent. Total number of households in Mangawan Town as per Census 2011 is 2560. The average household size in Mangawan Town is six persons. As per the 2001 Census, the MNP has lower Work Force Participation Rate (WFPR) which is 38.25%, there are 4421 workers in the town as per the 2001 Census of India and majority of workers are engaged in tertiary activities such as trade & commerce, average dependency ratio for Mangawan Town is 61.75 %. The town has no major industries within its vicinity; however, there are industrial units within the Rewa District and in surrounding districts, which provides direct and indirect employment to resident of the town. Apart from Small Scale Household Industries within town, more than 70% of working population is engaged in tertiary activities; Mangawan Bazar and Krishi Upaj Mandi (food grains) are the only major wholesale trading areas for the town. Heritage and Tourism At town level, Mangawan do not have any heritage building and tourist destination except ponds and the natural green areas. The town has potential for the development recreation facilities in the form of existing water bodies. Physical Planning and Growth Management The spatial growth pattern clearly indicates that the town is predominantly developing along the NH-27 and NH-7, the junction being the centre of the town, with the area of 12.6 sq km. These areas have high density with mixed land use of residential and commercial development. Consequently, any new development impending in the city heed directly to the existing commercial centres to achieve maximum economies of scale. The town has approximately 30% developed area and 70% undeveloped area or agricultural land. Density varies from one ward to other and is gradually decreasing from inner core areas to the periphery areas of the town. The overall population density has increased from 9.17 persons in 2001 to 11.08 persons per hectare in 2011. With existing developed area, 23.34% of the total land use is residential. A large area (58.30% of the total land use) is under water body followed by 10.83% under circulation, 4.80% as commercial, and 2.38% as public and semipublic area while 0.35%area is under industrial use. As per 2001 Census of India, there are 1935 households in MNP with an average household size of 5.9 persons, which is

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Draft City Development Plan,

higher as compared to average national urban household sizes. At present, as per the census of 2011 the average household size in Mangawan is decline to 5.45 persons with 2560 total no. of households. Given the good climate and rainfall in the area and well connected to Allahabad & Banaras through highways, this land offers immense scope for development either for residential purpose or for commercial / agricultural activities. It has been observed that semi-permanent structures are sixty per cent of the total household. In Mangawan town, out of the total number of houses more than 64% of the houses are having roof made up of tiles. Roof in 25% of house has been made-up of bricks. Total owned houses are 97%, rented 2% and others 1% only. Infrastructure Water Supply The sources of water to Mangawan municipal town are hand pumps, taps, tube-wells and wells and also surface water in form of three ponds and an artificial canal known as Kyonti Canal. There are about 240 hand pumps in working conditions, 7 tube-wells and 3 over-head tanks (in ward 3, 4 and 6) are in working condition. Four over head tanks constructed by PHED but not handed over to the Parishad for operationalisation. Six water tankers are available with Parishad. The ground water level is high that is 200250 feet. The main source of water is through tube wells (there are seven tube wells), total number of households serving by these tube wells are 98 in number. There are 1202 hand pumps. There is no formal water supply in town. Water supply network is old and it is in dilapidated condition. Water tank are in good working condition. In addition, three ponds are available in the vicinity connected to the nearby canal known as Kyonti. Therefore, filter-system could develop the alternate source of drinking water. Water demand is met through hand-pumps mainly. Very low percentage of total households has been connected to water pipeline system, having one overhead tank. Presently the water supply to the city is 50 LPCD, where as per the UDPFI guidelines for, the water supply should be of 135 LPCD. Sewerage and Sanitation Presently the town does not have underground sewerage system to serve the residing population. The sewage from households and other commercial establishments flows along with storm water in common open drains. Taking 80% of the present water supply of 80 lpcd as sewage, the current sewerage generation for town is approximately 0.88 MLD. Sewerage and sanitation condition in the town is poor. The sewage disposal system in the town is mainly consisting of individual disposal system that includes water closet, soak pits or pit type latrines, open drains. Some residents also go for open defecation, as they do not have any proper in-house sewage disposal facility. Out of the 376 households having toilet facility, 36% pit latrine, 21% water closet and rest have other form of toilets. Drainage System

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

There is no proper storm water drainage system present in the town. Thus, the whole town faces difficulties during rainfall, as the runoff accumulates on kuchha roads and pavements. Water is accumulated on NH 27 during rainy season. The wastes generally the black matters from the nallas are taken out by the sweepers and dumped by side of the nallas, which are collected by the tractor-trolley. At present MNP is responsible for operation and maintenance of drainage system in the town. In the catchment areas of these nallahs, due to lack of sewerage system most of the sewage flow in the storm water drains. Solid Waste Management At present in the absence of any incineration unit, waste from medical/ healthcare establishments are either mixed with municipal waste or indiscriminately dumped. Waste generated in town includes - vegetable and fruit market waste, paper, polythene, packing materials, glass, metal iron crap; aluminium crap, domestic animal excreta, ash from Chula indicating that the most of the quantity of waste generated is organic in nature comes from residential and commercial uses. Presently there is no Door-to-Door solid waste collection system. There is a site of area 4.5 acres has been identified near Nehula village for the dumping of municipal solid wastes. As per the city sanitation survey conducted in 2008 by M.P. Govt. only 1.48% of households have access to places for waste disposal for < than 50 feet, 17.14% for 50 100 feet followed by 22.34% for 100 200 feet. While more than, 50% of households have to places for waste disposal for more than 200 feet. Traffic and Transportation Mangawan, turned into a class IV city recently as per population standard, does not pay much attention on traffic and transportation management even though stands on the intersection of NH-7 and NH 27. The total length of roads within the Mangawan Nagar Panchayat is approximately 6.56 kms. The lack of service roads on national highways leads to congestion and obstruction to ongoing traffic. Insignificant road width of the municipal roads (internal roads) as well as of other major roads leads to traffic and transport related problems. At present, there is no intra city public transport system exists in Mangawan. The predominant mode of travel in town is cycles followed by motorized vehicles such as two- wheeler (Scooter & Motorcycle) and private transport which includes Three Wheelers , four wheelers (Tempo, Matadors, Jeeps, cars etc.). State-transport as well as privately owned buses runs throughout Madhya Pradesh. Options in the form of local buses, semi-deluxe buses, deluxe buses etc. are available for commuting from one city/town to the other city/town. Unorganized on-street parking and informal shops leads to encroachment on the ROW and absence of footpath force the pedestrians to walk on the carriageway. There is no provision have been made for organized on-street parking and off-street parking. As per the existing condition of the town, it is necessary to develop a proper road networks with proper public transport facilities to overcome the traffic related problems. Street Lighting and Fire Fighting

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

There are around 366 street light pole and all are in working condition with CFL bulb. Almost all the wards have the provision for street light. There is one fire-fighting brigade in the town. In such anthropogenic hazards situation few water tankers being used and MNP. Education There are ten primary schools in the town. Town has six government schools and five private schools. One Primary school in ward no. 11, three middle schools in wards no 4, 12 and 15. One high school is in the ward no four of the town. The schools in the town do not have proper arrangement of basic requirement of drinking water and sanitation facility for the student. More over the physical condition of the schools are not good. In rainy seasons, it becomes impossible to carry out the educational activities in the girls school. Medical There is no medical facility provided by Mangawan Nagar Parishad. Only vaccination is arranged time to time, in rainy season or at the time of any communicable diseases like malaria or fever. It is important to initiate and strengthen the health facility services for municipal body itself to provide the effective health services to the citizens of the town. Recreational facilities and Sports Facilities At present, there is no designated and organized parks & playground and there is no stadium. Urban Poor Slums and squatter settlements are essentially products of poverty. A majority of the working population in slums is engaged in small-scale industries or work as agricultural labourers. Primary health is in poor conditions in the slums. Mainly slums are occupied on govt. lands and some private land also which belongs to the individual. Most of the slum dwellers have legal Land ownership. The land has been given to all the slum dwellers on patta under the Patta Act, 1984 & 1998. Poor people are living in kutcha houses made by mud and thatch, source of drinking water is either improper municipal supply or open well, there is no proper drainage network along the road kutcha roads, slum dwellers made temporary drainage network by digging out soil both side along the kutcha roads, generally sewage outflows during rainy season. At present, the main type of sanitation in these slum areas is the pit latrine. A few houses have water closets with septic tanks, which has been a major factor in ground water contamination. The sanitation alternatives in selected sum areas also comprises of public latrine blocks, the pour flush latrines and toilet blocks which are usually connected to septic tanks and then to nallah flowing to. There are few pockets in the slum areas where street light has not been provided, in some slums, streets light have been provided but level of provision is very low. Around 36 % (population 5026 and household no. 913) of the urban poor is residing in ward no. 1,2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 15 Some of the densely populated areas in the city are classified as slums primarily because of lack of basic services and also due to their unauthorized construction. The ward no. 7 and 8 has the largest concentration of urban poor. Environment

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

As such there is no records found regarding the flora and fauna in the study area i.e. Mangawan Nagar Parishad. The project roads run through agricultural land and settlement areas. At regional level, the region is rich of valuable minerals, forests and wild animals. There are four important forest types viz. Tropical Moist, Tropical Dry, Tropical Thorn, Subtropical broadleaved Hill forests. There is no monitoring facility for pollution level in Mangawan. The monitoring of pollution level is done by Pollution Control Board located in Rewa the District Headquarter. But the main cause of pollution to the water body is the outfall of waste water of town through two main drains. As per the existing land use 2011 the town has plenty of agricultural land but does not have any designated and organized green space or open spaces for the citizens of town. Open, unclean drainage system and improper solid waste management practices is degrading city environment. Investment Plan The revenue account comprises of two components - revenue income and revenue expenditure. Revenue income comprises internal resources and external sources of income of Mangawan. Internal sources of income, also referred to as own sources of income, comprise tax and non-tax items. The external resources come in the form of shared taxes/ transfers and revenue grants from the State and Central Governments and loans from the Financial Institutions. Revenue expenditure comprises expenditures incurred on salaries, operation & maintenance cost, contribution & donations and debt servicing. As per the Budget, the contribution of Municipal Taxes and grants is 27.89 Lakhs and Rs. 33.45 Lakhs for the year 2009-10 and 2010-11, respectively. For the same year, the third contributor is income from non-tax sources, which has a contributing of Rs. 154.2 Lakhs and 209.9 Lakhs in the FY 2009-10 and 2010-11, respectively. This source has a very high growth rate in comparison of other sources. For overall development of the city, total investment will be around Rs. 7359 Lakhs. Total investment can be done through different schemes by the central govt., state govt., and MNP in five phases. Implementation and monitoring can be done through Municipal and on PPP basis. Urban Reforms The main thrust of the development strategies is to ensure improvement in urban governance so that Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and para-statal agencies become financially sound with enhanced credit rating and ability to access market capital for undertaking new programmes and expansion of services. In this improved environment, public-private participation models for provisioning of various services would also become feasible. The proposed reforms shall broadly fall into two categories:Mandatory reforms Optional reforms All the mandatory and optional reforms shall be implemented by the State/ULB/ParaStates within the Scheme period.

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

Private Sector Participation in development, management and financing of Urban Infrastructure would be clearly delineated. Funds for identified Towns/Cities would be released to the designated State Nodal Agency, which in turn would leverage additional resources from the State Govt. Arrangement of well-equipped necessary systems for implementing reforms and improving efficiency of Nagar Parishad, which may include new methods of register maintenance, data storage and retrieval, etc. City Vision To develop a commercial town which is economically vibrant, ecologically sustainable and environmentally pleasing; a town which will meet the aspirations of the local residents as well as the tourists alike and is manageable. To achieve the Goals of CDP, it is necessary to supply all infrastructure facilities according to the population growth rate of the town. Common problems of growing Indian town are lack of basic infrastructures, employment, affordable housing and education, vehicular congestion; lack of open spaces etc. which further can support the floating population. Since Mangawan town is its initial phase of development, it can be developed to support the surrounding agricultural-region in terms of eco-friendly, economically vibrant and sustainable.

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

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Mangawan, M.P.

Draft City Development Plan,

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

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