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Etiology:
Predisposing Factor: Injury to the lungs that damages Precipitating Factors:
the vascular endothelium and
• Age (75-84 endothelial lining of the alveoli • Aspiration
years old) • Drugs, Toxins,
and Therapeutic
Agents
• Infections
• Trauma and
Shock
Increases capillary
Platelet aggregation and
permeability
intravascular thrombus
formation
A
B
B
Neutrophils release
inflammatory mediators
Sx:
• Crackles
Pulmonary edema and Dx Test:
• Dyspnea
hemorrhage • Chest X-Ray
Mgt.:
• Diuretics If unmanaged If managed FAIR PROGNOSIS
Mgt.:
S/Sx: • Use of PEEP
Decrease pulmonary ventilation and • Anxiety
compliance mechanical
• Severe dyspnea ventilator
• Arterial hypoxemia • Supplemental
oxygen
Hyaline membrane forms
Assessment:
C • ABG Analysis
C
Fibrosis progressively
obliterates the alveoli,
respiratory bronchioles, and
interstitium
Pulmonary
hypertension
Multi-organ failure
D E
D E
Hemorrhagic
Shock
DEATH