WEEK 10

The thinning of the ozone layer is an environmental issue which is always being discussed. Describe the effect of the thinning of the ozone layer on the environment and living organisms on the earth. Suggest different ways to solve this problem. [10 marks] The effect: P1 - More UV rays / ultraviolet radiation reaches the earths surface. P2 - Increase of temperature. P3 - UV ray will deteriorate ones body immunity system. P4 - An increase in the number of people suffering from skin cancer and cataract. P5 - High UV rays destroy microorganisms and phytoplankton (the producer of marine food chain). P6 - Rate of photosynthesis decrease. P7 - High level of UV rays can damage the eggs of certain amphibians. Steps to solve the problem: P8 - Reduce / stop using CFCs. P9 - Replace CFCs with HCFCs. P10- Use wrapping papers instead of polystyrene boxes. P11- Patch up the holes in the ozone layer by firing frozen ozone balls into the atmosphere.

The global warming phenomenon give a great impact on the environment, human health and the economy. Can we save this world from the impact of the global warming? Discuss your opinion. [10 marks]

Opinion: Yes Steps to minimize the global warming: F1 - Avoid cutting down trees / deforestation. E1 - Plants are needed to absorb CO2 in the atmosphere. F2 - Replanting. E2 - To absorb CO2 by plants. F3 - Avoid open burning / burning in incinerator. E3 - To avoid the release of CO2 into the atmosphere. F4 - Use public transport / LRT / car pool. E4 - Less vehicles producing CO2. F5 - Use alternative energy from natural source (such as solar, wind, water flow) E5 - To decrease the release of CO2 by using fossil fuels as the energy source.

(b) Table 1.2 shows a daily food intake by Alia. Breakfast Full cream milk Fried egg Fried sausage Lunch Fried noodles Fried chicken Ice cream Carbonated soft drink Table 1.2 (i) Suggest two health problems which Alia could have if she continuously taking the above menu for a long time. Explain your answers. [3 marks] Synthesis Sample Answer: P1 - Chronic heart disease and constipation. P2 - Her diet contains large amounts of oil and cream and it causes arteriosclerosis / atherosclerosis / heart problem / cardiovascular disease. P3 - Lack of fruit and vegetables / fibre leads to constipation. (ii) Suggest ways to improve Alias daily food intake stating the reasons for your choice of food. [7 marks] Evaluation Sample Answer: Breakfast: P1 - Drink skim milk/low fat milk and eat a boiled egg to reduce the cream and fat from her diet P2 - Replace sausage with an orange to increase her fruit intake Lunch: P3 - Drink fresh fruit juice because it has lower sugar content and more vitamins P4 - Eat steamed rice and steamed chicken to lower cholesterol intake P5 - Eat vegetable salad to increase the amount of roughage Dinner: P6 - Drink clear soup to reduce the cholesterol P7 - Use tomato sauce with her pasta because it contains less fat and more fibre. P8 - Eat a slice of watermelon/any fruits to increase her intake of fibre to prevent constipation Dinner Pasta with cream sauce Cream of mushroom soup Cake