Learning Objective: 1.

1 Understanding electrostatic Learning Outcomes: Describe what electrostatics is State the types of static electrical charges State the properties of static electrical charges 1. Underline the correct answer below to describe what electrostatics is. (Electrostatic / Electricity) is the study of static electrical charges. 2. Underline the correct answer below to state the types of static electrical charges a. Objects with the same type of charges (repel / attract) each other. b. Objects with different types of charges (attract / repel) each other. 3. Underline the correct answer below to state the properties of static electrical charges. a. A positively-charged object has more (protons / electrons) than (protons / electrons). b. A negatively-charged object has more (protons / electrons) than (protons / electrons). c. A (positively charge / neutral) object has the same number of protons and electrons.
4.

Complete the sentences below with correct answers. (i) _________________ is a field of study about static electrical _________________ . (ii) Static electrical _________________ are produced by _________________ and they are not __________________ . (iii) ______________________ is a device that can detect the static electrical charges. (iv) There are _________ types of electrical charges that are _______________ charge that is called ________________ and _________________ charge that is called __________________ . (v) When two same charged substances are brought near each other, they ____________. (vi) When two different charged substances are brought near each other, they _______________

Learning Objective: 1.1 Understanding electrostatic Learning Outcome: Describe ways to detect static electrical charges. 1. a. Underline the correct answer below to describe ways to detect static electrical charges. The gold leaf of an (electroscope / microscope) will (diverge / collapse) when a charged object is brought near the metal plate. b. Labeled A,B, C and D.

b. Tick the correct boxes below to show what happens to the gold leaf of an electroscope in the following situations. a. Uncharged electroscope Effect on gold leaf
Metal plate of electroscope

b.

Positively-charged electroscope Effect on gold leaf

Diverges No change

Metal plate of electroscope

Diverges No change

c.

Negative-charged electroscope

d.

Uncharged electroscope and uncharged rod

Rod

Metal plate of electroscope

Effect on gold leaf

Effect on gold leaf

Metal plate of electroscope

Diverges No change

Diverges No change

e.

Uncharged electroscope and positively-charged rod

f.

Uncharged electroscope and negatively-charged rod

Effect on gold leaf

Effect on gold leaf

Metal plate of electroscope

Diverges
Metal plate of electroscope

Diverges No change

No change

Learning Objective: 1.1 Understanding electrostatic

Learning Outcomes: Explain everyday phenomena caused by static electrical charges State the safety measure to be taken when dealing with static electricity

1.

Underline the correct answer below to explain some examples of everyday phenomena caused by static electrical charges. a. Lightning occurs when the (electrons / protons) that collect at the bottom of the cloud move to the (positively / neutral) charged areas of nearby clouds. b. Lightning also occurs when sparks (jump / stay stationary) between the clouds and the Earths surface.

2.

Underline the correct answer below to state the safety measure to be taken when dealing with static electricity. a. Tall buildings usually have (lightning conductors / lightning insulators) installed to prevent damage during lightning strike. b. A lightning conductors consists of a thick (copper /plastic) strip which is connected to a piece of copper buried in the ground. c. When lightning strikes a tall building directly, the (electrons / protons) will flow down to the ground through the (lightning conductors / lightning insulators)

Learning Objective: 1.2 Understanding electricity Learning Outcomes: Give examples of sources of electrical energy used in everyday life. State what electricity is State what is voltage and resistance Describe the directions of current and electron flow in an electric circuit

1.

The diagram below show two sources of electrical energy. Name these sources of electrical energy using the words given. Lead-acid accumulator Dry cells

a.

b.

2.

Underline the correct answer in the statement below to state what electricity is. Electricity energy is the flow of electrical charges or (electrons / neutrons) in one direction.

3.

Underline the correct answer in the statement below to state what is voltage and resistance. a. Voltage is the energy required to move electrical charges or (electrons / neutrons) from one point to another. b. Resistance of a conductor (opposes / does not oppose) the flow of electrical charges through it.

4. Label the diagram to show the directions of current and electron flow in an circuit using the words below. Electron flow Current flow

electric

b. a.

Learning Objective: 1.3 Applying The Understanding Of Measuring Electricity Learning Outcomes: Identify the instrument for measuring current Identify the instrument for measuring voltage State the unit for current State the unit for voltage State the unit for resistance 1. The diagram below shows an instrument and the circuit symbol to measure current.

Name this instrument: ___________________________________ 2. The diagram below shows an instrument and the circuit symbol to measure voltage.

Name this instrument: ___________________________________ Underline the correct answer in question 3 and 4 below. 3. 4. 5. The unit for measuring current is (volt / ampere). The unit for measuring voltage is (volt / ampere). The diagram below shows a resistor in a circuit.

Name the unit for measuring resistance: _____________________ or

Learning Objective: 1.3 Applying The Understanding Of Measuring Electricity Learning Outcomes: Measure current in an electric circuit, Measure voltage in an electric circuit. 1. The diagram below shows the reading of 0.72A on an ammeter.

Measure the current from the ammeters below.

a) Current = ______ A 2.

b) Current = ______ A

c) Current = ______ A

The diagram below shows the reading of 4.5V on a voltmeter.

Measure the voltage from the voltmeters below.

a) Voltage = ______ V

b) Voltage = ______ V

c) Voltage = ______ V

Learning Objective: 1.4

Synthesising the relationship between current, voltage and resistance

Learning Outcomes: Carry out the experiment to study the relationship between resistance and current. Describe the effects of the change in resistance on current. 1. The table below shows the result of an experiment to determine the effects of the changes in resistance on current. Resistance () 1 2 5 10 Ammeter reading (A) 5.00 A 2.50 A 1.00 A 0.50 A Brightness of bulb Very bright Bright Dim Very Dim

Answer the following questions based on the results above. a. What is the ammeter reading when the resistance is at 1 ? _ b. What is the ammeter reading when the resistance is at 10 ? _ c. What is the brightness of the bulb when the resistance is at 10 ? _ d. Underline the correct answer based on the result above. i. As the resistance in the circuit increases, the brightness of the bulb

(increases / decreases) ii. As the resistance in the circuit increases, the ammeter reading becomes (smaller / larger) 2. Underline the correct answer below to show the effects of the change in resistance on current in the experiment above. The current that flows in a circuit (increases / decrease) when the resistance in the circuit is increased.

EXERCISE : (a) Arrange the alphabets below to match with the description.

The flow of electric current in a conductor

The rate of flow of charge through a conductor curconductor

Potential difference that is needed to move charges

(b) Using ( ) draw the flow of electron in the diagram below.

(c) Fill in with the correct answers in the box provided below : Current Unit of measurement Voltage Unit of measurement

Device to measure

Symbol

Device to measure

Symbol

Resistance Unit of measurement

Symbol

Learning Objective: 1.4 Synthesising the relationship between current, voltage and resistance Learning Outcomes: Describe the effect of the change in voltage on current. State Ohms Law.

1.

The table below shows the result of an experiment to determine the effects of the changes in voltage on current. Number of dry cells 1 2 3 4 Voltmeter reading (V) 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 Ammeter reading (A) 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
V

/I = R 2 2 2 2

Underline the correct answer below to show the relationship between the voltage the current in this experiment. As the voltage increases, the current flowing through a

and

conductor

(increases / decreases) Underline the correct answer in the statement below that represents Ohms Law.

2.

Current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage if the resistance (R) is (constant / not constant).

Learning Objective: 1.5 Synthesising the concept of parallel and series circuit Learning Outcomes: Built a series circuit Built a parallel circuit Compare and contrast the arrangement of components in a series circuit and a parallel circuit. Draw a series circuit on the dotted line using all the components below.

1.

switch

bulb

bulb

ammeter

dry cell

2.

Draw a parallel circuit on the dotted line using all the components below.

switch

bulb

bulb

ammeter

dry cell

3.

Compare and contrast the arrangement of components in a series circuit and a circuit. Underline the correct answer below. Series circuit Similarities Parallel circuit

parallel

The dry cells supplies the current The switch controls the flow of current Difference Arrangement of components

One the (same / two or more) path

10

On the (same /two or more) path

Learning Objective: 1.6 Analysing current, voltage and resistance in a series circuit Learning Outcomes: Describe the current flowing through the components in a series circuit. Describe the voltages across the components in series circuit Describe the resistance in a series circuit 1. The diagram below shows the amount of current flowing through the components in a series circuit.

Based on the diagram, underline the correct answer in the statement below. The amount of current flowing in a series circuit is the (same / different) at any point. 2. The diagram below shows the voltages across the components in series circuit

Based on the diagram, underline the correct answer in the statement below. The total voltage that flows across the components in a series circuit

(equals /does not equal) to the voltage of the battery. 3. The table below show the result of an experiment. Bulbs in a series circuit Brightness Very bright Dim

Very dim

Based on the result above, underline the correct answer to describe resistance in a series circuit. The more resistance added in a series circuit, the amount of current flowing will (decrease / increase) because resistance opposes the flow of current.

11

Learning Objective: 1.6 Analysing current, voltage and resistance in a series circuit Learning Outcome: Explain the advantage and the disadvantage of series circuit.

1.

Write True (T) or False (F) for the following advantages and disadvantages of a series circuit. a. Only one is needed to control all electric appliances in a series circuit.

b. The current in a series circuit will increase if the number of dry cells connected in series is increased.

c. If one bulb blows, the other bulbs will light up in the series circuit.

d. The voltage supplied by dry cells is shared equally among all the bulbs in the series circuit. e. If more bulbs are added in a series circuit, the voltage across each bulb will decrease. f. If more bulbs are added in a series circuit, the brightness of the bulbs will decrease

12

Learning Objective: 1.7 Analysing current, voltage and resistance in a parallel circuit Learning Outcomes: Describe the current flowing through the components in a parallel circuit Describe the voltage across the component in a parallel circuit Describe the resistance in a parallel circuit 1. The diagram below shows the amount of current flowing through the components in a parallel circuit.

Based on the diagram, underline the correct answer in the statement below. The total current flowing in the circuit is (equals / does not equal) to the sum of the current passing through each bulbs. 2. The diagram below shows the voltages across the components in parallel circuit.

Based on the diagram, underline the correct answer in the statement below. The voltage that flows across each component in a parallel circuit is

(the same /not the same) as the voltage of the battery. 3. Underline the correct answer to describe resistance in a parallel circuit. When more resistance is added in a parallel circuit, the voltage

(remains the same / decreases) and the total current flowing in the circuit is (equals / does not equal) to the sum of the current passing through each bulbs.

13

Learning Objective: 1.7 Analysing current, voltage and resistance in a parallel circuit
Learning Outcomes: Explain the advantage and disadvantage of a parallel circuit Compare and contrast a series circuit and a parallel circuit in terms of current, voltage and resistance

1.

Underline the answer in the statements below to explain the advantage and disadvantage of a parallel circuit a. Parallel circuits (allows / does not allow) other components to be functional when one component is switch off or burnt out. b. Parallel circuit (allows / does not allow) more components to be added in parallel without the need for more voltage.

2.

Complete the diagram below to compare and contrast a series circuit and a parallel circuit in terms of current, voltage and resistance using the formula given. V = V1 + V2 V = V1 = V2 I = I1 = I 2

I = I1 + I 2

Series Circuit

Differences Total voltage Total current

Parallel Circuit

3. An experiment is carried out to study the effect of the length of a wire on its resistance as shown in figure below.

14

The crocodile clip is put at P. Then, it is moved slowly from P to S. The brightness of the bulb is observed. (i) At which position the bulb lights up very bright? Why? _______________________________________________________________________

(ii) At which position the bulb lights up very dim? Why? _______________________________________________________________________

4.(a) (i) Find the resistance of a resistor in an electric circuit given that the dry cell supplies 1.5 V and the current in the circuit is 0.6 A.

(ii) Calculate the reading of the ammeter.

(b) A student is carried out an experiment to determine the features of a parallel circuit as shown in the diagram below.

15

The experiment was conducted based on the following procedure : 1) Switch was closed. 2) Reading of ammeter and voltmeter were recorded. 3) Experiment was repeated with two, three and four bulbs connected in parallel. 4) The brightness of the bulb is observed each time a bulb is added.

The results of the experiment was recorded in the table below. Number of bulbs Current / A Voltage / V Brightness of the bulb (i) 1 4.0 6.0 Bright 2 2.0 6.0 Bright 3 X 6.0 Bright 4 1.0 6.0 Bright

Given that each one of the bulb has a resistance value of 1.5 Ohm. Calculate the value of X in table above.

(ii) Calculate the amount of resistance in the circuit that uses 4 bulbs.

5. (a) Match the following symbols to the electrical component stated Resistor Bulb Fuse Ammeter

Voltmeter

Cell

Rheostat

Switch

Galvanometer

16

(b) Classify the circuit below into series circuit or parallel circuit

Series circuit

Circuit A

Circuit C

Parallel circuit

Circuit B

Circuit D

Parallel Series Circuits Problem Solving 1. Series Circuit (a) What is the current on A and B?

(b)

What is the voltage on A, B and C?

(c)

What is the resistance on C?

17

(d)

What is the total resistance?

(e)

What is total current?

2.

Parallel Circuit (a) What is the total resistance, voltage, and current?

(b)

What is the voltage on A, B and C?

(c)

What is the current on A, B, C, and D?

3.

Determine the total resistance of the circuit :

18

(e )

(f)

(g )

(h )

(i)

(j)

(k )

(l)

19

4.

Determine the ammeter reading for each circuit below when switch S is closed.

(d )

(e )

(f)

20

(g )

(h )

5.

Determine the voltmeter reading for each circuit below.

What is the voltage across resistor 2 ?

21

6.

a) Draw a parallel circuit that contains a 5- resistor, a 20- resistor, and a 48-V power source (battery).

b) Determine the total resistance of the circuit.

c) Determine the current through each resistor of the circuit. I = _______ I = _______
1 2

d) What is the voltage across each resistor? V = ______ V = _______

1 2

7.

The total current in this circuit is 12 A. Determine: a) the voltage passing through each resistor

b) the total resistance

22

c) the value of resistor R3

8.

The total resistance of a three-branch parallel circuit is 76.92 . If R1 = 100 and R2 = 500 , what is the value of R3?

9.

Find the total resistance and the current for the circuit below:

25 15

10 30

6V

23