Country Report by Dr.

Rasool Bux Mahar

POLICIES FOR REGULATING WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN

The Government of Pakistan has taken initiative a process of reforming regulatory and institutional framework in the urban services. Solid Waste Management is one of the most significant urban services that impact the urban economy and the environment. The government has already notified Solid Waste Management Rules, under the Local Government Ordinance 2001. Since the field of solid waste management in the provinces is still not fully deployed, there is a need to provide more detailed guidelines for this important service.

POLICIES FOR REGULATING WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN

General Guidelines
Local governments shall monitor the waste generation amount annually and also collect and dispose off properly. The waste generators shall be encouraged and facilitated for proper storage at source. The waste generators shall be encouraged to follow the waste hierarchy i.e. reduce, reuse, recycle and recover.

POLICIES FOR REGULATING WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN

Operational Guidelines
Door to door waste collection from residential as well as commercial areas shall be promoted. Use of animal driven carts shall be discouraged from the urban areas. Heavily traveled roads and congested area should not be served or used during rush hours. Any risk waste or hazardous waste should not be accepted into the normal waste collection vehicles Daily records of the quantity of solid waste collected, the origin of waste, the quantity of solid waste transferred to disposal site, shall be maintained

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CURRENT WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM;

Collection of waste :
only 60% waste is collected from the collection points, left waste burnt at waste collection points Waste collected in the Bins, skips and reserved spots with 4 feet wall at various locations of the city

Transportation of waste:
Few Trucks with Hydraulic jack and compacter, Trucks , Tractor Trolleys and Animal driven carts

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CURRENT WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Solid waste Disposal Methods:
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Percenatge

Soliwaste Dispoal Methods

Improper Solid Waste Disposal Points and Vulnerable communities

Shop for Solid Waste Valuables and Discussion with Scavenging Communities

SOLID WASTE GENERATION QUANTITY

12000 10104 10000

8000 Tons /day 5889

6000

4000 2122 2000 1489 1265 1232 1196 785 607 423 366 337

Major Cities of Pakistan

SOLID WASTE COMPOSITION

Physical composition of MSW by percent
Ash, Bricks & Dirt Glass 2% 4% 1% 9% 6% 1% 30% 14% 18% 6% 2% 7% Textile cardboard Food wastes Leather paper Plastic Rubber Metals Wood Yard wastes
IEEM, MUET, Jamshoro Thursday, April 12, 2012

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CURRENT ACTIVITIES ON WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN

Solid Waste Management Guidelines (draft) prepared with the support of Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Japan. Converting Waste agricultural biomass into energy/ material source, A project by UNEP, IETC Japan. North Sindh Urban Services Corporation Limited (NSUSC). Assisting the district government in design and treatment of water supply, sanitation and solid waste management.

CURRENT ACTIVITIES ON WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN

The URBAN UNIT, Urban Sector Policy & Management Unit P & D Department, Punjab. Conducting different seminars on awareness of waste water, sanitation & solid waste management etc. Lahore Compost (Pvt.) Ltd. only dealing with the organic waste with the cooperation of city district government Lahore, Pakistan. The company is registered as a CDM project with UNFCCC. Different NGOs are involved at small scale for solid waste collection, and recycling.

NEEDS ASSESSMENT
Challenges in waste management in Pakistan Incomplete solid waste collection Mixed solid waste collection Infectious & non-infectious solid waste Improper disposal of solid waste No waste to energy recovery project No any formal recycling of solid waste Informal recycling of hazardous waste (e-waste)

Informal way of Hazardous waste recycling

PRIORITY AREAS FOR CAPACITY

BUILDING
Prio rity 1 Waste Stream Area of Capacity Building Policy and regulatory Issues No any policy and regulatory frame work exits. Policy and regulatory frame work is required to treat the organic waste in the environment friendly way i.e. composting, anaerobic digestion. Sufficient Technical and scientific understanding is available. Financial constraints People are unaware to separate the organic waste at the source. Awareness is required. Managers are not capable to handle the organic waste. Institutional capacity building is very much necessary. No any policy and regulatory frame work exits. Policy and regulatory frame work is required. Sufficient Technical and scientific understanding is available. Financial constraints People are unaware to utilize the WAB. Awareness is required. Particularly no any organization is available to deal with the WAB in Pakistan, so there is need to have a regulatory authority to deal with WAB management issues.

Organic Waste

Technical and scientific understanding Financial Social Institutional 2

Waste Agricult ural Biomass (WAB)

Policy and regulatory Technical and scientific understanding Financial Social Institutional

PRIORITY AREAS FOR CAPACITY

BUILDING
Prio rity 3 Waste Stream Area of Capacity Building Policy and regulatory Issues No any policy and regulatory frame work exits. Policy and regulatory frame work is needed for expert of e-waste. No any policy of take back is introduced by companies in Pakistan. Insufficient Technical and scientific understanding. Needs Technical and scientific understanding . Financial constraints Lot of used computers and other electronic equipment are being used in Pakistan, which are imported from different developed countries. They have very short life and then people has disposed off which is adding in e waste. Informal recycling is done by the poor people without any skill under vulnerable conditions Institutional capacity is not sufficient to handle e-waste. . Institutional capacity building is required.

E-Waste

Technical and scientific understanding

Financial Social

Institutional