SAMPLE WORKS CITED ENTRIES Book by one author: Authors Last Name, First Name. Title of Book.

Place of Publication: Publishing Company, year of publication. Publication medium. Wilson, Frank R. The Hand: How Its Use Shapes the Brain Language and Human Culture. New York: Pantheon, 1998. Print. Book by two or three authors: Authors Last Name, First Name, First Name Last Name of second author, and First Name Last Name of third author. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publishing Company, year of publication. Publication medium. Eggins, Suzanne, and Dianne Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell, 1997. Print. Smith, William E., James Baar, and James White. Space Craft and Missiles of the World. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1998. Print. Book by more than three authors: You may name only the first author and add et al. or you may give all names in the order in which they appear. Authors Last Name, First Name, et al. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publishing Company, year of publication. Publication medium. Wysocki, Anne Frances, et al. Writing New Media: Theory and Applications for Expanding the Teaching of Composition. Logan, UT: UT State UP, 2004. Print.

OR Wysocki, Anne Frances, Johndan Johnson-Eilola, Cynthia L. Selfe, and Geoffrey Sirc. Writing New Media: Theory and Applications for Expanding the Teaching of Composition. Logan, UT: UT State UP, 2004. Print. Two or more books by the same author: The first book follows the standard format; thereafter, use this format. Three hyphens. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publishing Company, year of publication. Publication medium. - - -. The Double Vision: Language and Meaning in Religion. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 1991. Print. Book by a corporate author: Corporate Author. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publishing Company, year of publication. Publication medium. National Research Council. China and Global Change: Opportunities for Collaboration. Washington: Natl. Academy, 1992. Print. Article in a reference book: Authors Last name, First Name (if given). Title of Article. Title of Reference Book. Edition number. Year of publication. Publication medium. Mohanty, Jitendra M. Indian Philosophy. The New Encyclopedia Britannica: Macropaedia. 15th ed. 1987. Print.

Interview: Last Name, First Name of person interviewed. Type of interview. Interview Date. Johnson, Samantha. Personal interview. 22 July 1998. Johnson, Samantha. Telephone interview. 24 July 1998. Website: Authors (editors, compiler, etc.) Last Name, First Name. Title of Article. Title of the Site. Vers. version or edition used (if given). Publisher or Sponsor (use N.p. if none is given), Date of Publication or latest update (use n.d. if none is given). Publication medium. Date of access. *If you cannot find some of this information, cite what is available. Air Force One. Encyclopdia Britannica Online. Encyclopdia Britannica, 2009. Web. 22 Mar. 2009. Cold Play. Coldplaying.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2008. Eaves, Michael, ed. Symbiosis. The Manhattan Project. Vers. 2.12. U of MN, Dec. 2008. Web. 15 Jan. 2009. Mankato, Minnesota. Map. Google Maps. Google, 17 Apr. 2009. Web. 17 Apr. 2009. Databases (eLibrary, ProQuest, SIRS, Info Trac, Academic Search Premier, etc.) Begin the entry by following the recommendations listed for the print version. Then add the title of the database in italics, the publication medium, and the date of access. Newspaper or magazine article found in a database: Authors Last Name, First Name. Title of Article. Title of the Newspaper or Magazine

Date of Publication: page numbers. Title of Database. Publication medium. Date of access. *Use n. pag. when no pagination is given. Tehnthani, Raphael. Malawi Court Rejects Madonna Adoption Request. Miami Herald 3 Apr. 2009: n. pag. SIRS Researcher. Web. 23 Apr. 2009. Kramer, Otis, and Geraldine Wagner. Points of View: Decline of Reading in the U.S. Damages Our Intellectual Life. Points of View: Decline in Reading 2009: 3. Points of View Reference Center. Web. 18 May 2010. Scholarly Journal found in a database: Authors Last Name, First Name. Title of the Article. Title of Journal volume number. Issue number (date): page numbers. Title of Database. Publication medium. Date of access. Knobel, Michele. Wikis, Digital Literacies, and Professional Growth. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy 52.7 (2009): 631-634. Academic Search Premier. Web. 23 Apr. 2009. Encyclopedia article found in a database: Authors Last Name, First Name (if given). Title of Article. Title of the Encyclopedia. Date of Publication. Title of Database. Publication medium. Date of access. Facebook. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopedia Britannica Online School Edition. Web. 18 May 2010.

Documentation of Sources You must acknowledge all information gained from outside sources when writing a paper. Generally three types of information must be acknowledged to avoid plagiarism: 1. Direct quotation 2. Paraphrase or summary 3. Author's ideas In 1984, the Modern Language Association (MLA) adopted Parenthetical Documentation which uses publication information and page number within the text to distinguish it from your own writing. Use the following guidelines to document sources in your own papers: 1. Introduce the beginning of borrowed material to distinguish it from your own writing. Typically this is done with a brief introduction of the author and some reference to his/her credentials: Lynnette and Thomas Long, two of the foremost recognized experts on the trend of latchkey children, define latchkey as "...children who are regularly left during some period of the day to supervise themselves... or for whom care arrangements are so loosely made they are virtually ineffective" (17). *An ellipsis, three periods, indicates an omission within a quotation. *If you use the authors last name as an introduction, you do not need to use it in parentheses. 2. Works by one author. Give the author's last name in parentheses at the end of a sentence, followed by page numbers (Jones 58). 3. Works with more than one author. List all the last names in parentheses, or give

one last name followed by et. al. (Smith, Jones, and Wilcox 87) or (Smith et al. 87). Be consistent; if you use et al. in the Works Cited use it within the paper. 4. Works with no author listed. When citing an article that does not identify an author, in particular websites, use the title of the work or a shortened version of it. ("Robotics" 398). 5. Two works by the same author. If you use more than one work by the same author, give the title, or a shortened version, after the author's last name. (Jones, Robots 398). 6. Two authors with the same last name. Give the authors first initial. If the initials are the same, use the entire first name. (A. Peterson 16) (R. Peterson 34). 7. Material from a personal interview. Following the material from the interview, include the individual's name in parentheses. (Brooks). 15 8. Indirect quotations. When a writers or speakers quoted words appear in a source written by someone else, begin the citation with the abbreviation qtd. in. Example: Ravitch argues that high school schools are pressured to act as social services; they dont do that well (qtd. in Weisman 259). 9. Quotation within a quotation. Use single quotation marks ( ) to indicate where a quotation within a quotation begins and ends. Use this punctuation when the passage you want to quote is already enclosed in double quotation marks.

Example: Upon later being asked about his observations of flying saucers, pilot Kenneth Arnold explained, By no stretch of the imagination did I observe balloons, mock suns, ice crystals, or clouds (Reese 6). 10. Blocked quotation. A quotation of poetry or prose more than four typed lines in your paper should be indented ten spaces from the left margin. Quotation marks are not needed in this format. Introduce long quotations by a sentence ending with a colon. Example: After studying the historical record, James Horan evaluates Billy the Kid like this: The portrait that emerges of [the kid] from the thousands of pages of affidavits, reports, trial transcripts, his letters, and his testimony is neither the mythical Robin Hood nor the stereotyped adenoidal moron and pathological killer. Rather Billy appears as a disturbed, lonely young man, honest, and loyal to his friends. (158) 11. Plays. Include the act, scene and line numbers you are quoting (5.3.12-13). 12. Poems. Include line numbers and use a slash with a space on each side to indicate the separate lines. In his autobiographical poem Tupac writes, Did u hear about the rose that grew from a crack / in the concrete (lines 1-2). More than four lines should be blocked as in example 10. 13. Citations by the same author within a paragraph. If you have more than one citation from the same source within a single paragraph and no other sources intervene, you may leave out the authors last name and use a page number. Example: Digital textbooksmight become common place (Kenney 9).

However, schools must also consider the huge question of access (10).