Difference between Money market and Capital market

In order to understand what the differences between things are you first need to understand what each of the items is. In this case before you can understand the difference between capital markets and money markets you are going to need to understand what capital markets are and what money markets are. Once you understand the two items are it will be easier to see what the difference or differences are between the two markets. What is capital market? Basically the capital market is a type of financial market, it includes the stocks and bonds market as well. But in general the capital market is the market for securities where either companies or the government can raise long term funds. One way that the companies or the government raise these long term funds is through issuing bonds, which is where a person buys the bond for a set price and allows the government or company to borrow their money for a certain time period but they are promised a higher return for allowing them to borrow the money, the higher return is paid through interest that accrues on the money that the government or company borrows. Another way that the companies or government can raise money in the capital market is through the stock market, most of the time you don't see the government as a part of the stock market, but it can actually happen so we need to include them. But how the stock market works is that the companies decide to sell shares of their stock, which is basically ownership in the company, to ordinary people and other companies, as a way to raise money. The people who buy the stock are usually given dividends each year, if the company has agreed to pay out dividends, so that is another possible return on their investment. The capital market actually consists of two markets. The first market is the primary market and it is where new issues are distributed to investors, and the secondary market where existing securities are traded. Both of these markets are regulated so that fraud does not occur and in the United States the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is in charge of regulating the capital market.

What is the money market?

Basically the money market is the global financial market for short-term borrowing and lending and provides short term liquid funding for the global financial system. The average amount of time that companies borrow money in a money market is about thirteen months or lower. Some of the more common types of things used in the money market are certificates of deposits, bankers' acceptance, repurchase agreements and commercial paper to name a few. Basically what the money market consists of is banks that borrow and lend to each other, but other types of finance companies are involved in the money market. What usually happens is the finance companies fund themselves by issuing large amounts of asset backed commercial paper that is secured by the promise of eligible assets into an asset backed commercial paper conduit. Your most common examples of these are auto loans, mortgage loans, and credit card receivables. What is the difference? Basically the difference between the capital markets and money markets is that capital markets are for long term investments, companies are selling stocks and bonds in order to borrow money from their investors to improve their company or to purchase assets. Whereas money markets are more of a short term borrowing or lending market where banks borrow and lend between each other, as well as finance companies and everything that is borrowed is usually paid back within thirteen months. Another difference between the two markets is what is being used to do the borrowing or lending. In the capital markets the most common thing used is stocks and bonds, whereas with the money markets the most common things used are commercial paper and certificates of deposits.

Money market is distinguished from capital market on the basis of the maturity period, credit instruments and the institutions: 1. Maturity Period: The money market deals in the lending and borrowing of short-term finance (i.e., for one year or less), while the capital market deals in the lending and borrowing of long-term finance (i.e., for more than one year). 2. Credit Instruments:

The main credit instruments of the money market are call money, collateral loans, acceptances, bills of exchange. On the other hand, the main instruments used in the capital market are stocks, shares, debentures, bonds, securities of the government. 3. Nature of Credit Instruments: The credit instruments dealt with in the capital market are more heterogeneous than those in money market. Some homogeneity of credit instruments is needed for the operation of financial markets. Too much diversity creates problems for the investors. 4. Institutions: Important institutions operating in the' money market are central banks, commercial banks, acceptance houses, nonbank financial institutions, bill brokers, etc. Important institutions of the capital market are stock exchanges, commercial banks and nonbank institutions, such as insurance companies, mortgage banks, building societies, etc. 5. Purpose of Loan: The money market meets the short-term credit needs of business; it provides working capital to the industrialists. The capital market, on the other hand, caters the long-term credit needs of the industrialists and provides fixed capital to buy land, machinery, etc. 6. Risk: The degree of risk is small in the money market. The risk is much greater in capital market. The maturity of one year or less gives little time for a default to occur, so the risk is minimised. Risk varies both in degree and nature throughout the capital market. 7. Basic Role: The basic role of money market is that of liquidity adjustment. The basic role of capital market is that of putting capital to work, preferably to long-term, secure and productive employment. 8. Relation with Central Bank: The money market is closely and directly linked with central bank of the country. The capital market feels central bank's influence, but mainly indirectly and through the money market.

9. Market Regulation: In the money market, commercial banks are closely regulated. In the capital market, the institutions are not much regulated.