CTFFUNCTIONCTF only receives receives the oil from GGS.

Two types of oil are received from GGStreated as well as untreated oil. Treated oil is directly dispatched to desalter plant throughdiapatch pumps,whereas untreated oil is sent to heater treater for the removal of water effluent from oil. Water cut of around 5% is maintained at CTF plant and the water cut isfurther reduced to 0.25% with the removal of salts at desalter plant. So the mainfunction of CTF is to maintain water cut of fluid to 5% and it is sent to desalter plant for further treatment. The above installation is CTF Kalol.Various operating systems of crude tank farm are as under MANIFOLDSPurpose:To receive oil from GGS in controlled manner Both treated and untreated oil are received from the manifold

STORAGE TANKSPurpose:They are used to store the treated and untreated oil from GGSThey help in taking measurements of oil collected and how much to be dispatched.HEATER TREATER Purpose:Demulsification of oil into oil and water by chemical thermal and electrical means. Itswhole process has been explained in GGS installation part.EFFLUENT STORAGE TANK Purpose :It is used for storing water effluent. These effluents are removed from heater treater andthey are directed to effluent storage tank.OIL RECOVERY PUMPSPurpose:In the effluent storage tank water effluent settles at the bottom and oil is recovered at itstop. These oil recovery pumps help in pumping the recovered oil to the dispatch pumps.EFFLUENT PUMPSPurpose:These pumps help in pumping the discharged effluent from effluent tank toETP(effluent treatment plant) for its further treatment. DISPATCH PUMPSPurpose:They are in the final stage of the whole process of CTF plant. Their main function is todispatch or pump the oil recovered to desalter plant where removal of further salts take place and water cut till 0.25%is achieved which is in accordance to the refineries normsand regulation

FUNCTIONGGS (group gathering station) is an installation which receives oil through manifoldsfrom its different assigned fields. Oil is separated here in the form of oil, gas and water.Separated oil is sent to CTF for further treatment, separated gas is sent to GCP throughGCS in order to receive back compressed gas for gas injection programme for gas liftwells. Gas from GGS is sent at 2-3 kg/m2 and received back at 41 kg/m2. Effluent water is sent to ETP and then to CWIP for its further treatment. This treated water finally fromCWIP is sent back to GGS after its treatment to impart water injection programme for different wells. Both water injection and gas injection programmes are carried out andcontrolled by GGS.This installation is GGS-II Kalol which comes under surface area 1of ONGC Ahmedabadasset.Total oil processing capacity is 200m3/dayIt receives 46,000m3/day of gas at 41kg/m2 for gas injection in gas lift wells.It receives oil from 44 wells.Crude oil is dispatched at the pressure of 5-10kg/cm2 to CTF.Cruse oil water content is reduced 50%water .i.e. water cut is 50%Various operating systems are as under:MANIFOLDPurpose:To group the wells based on their pressure .To group the wells based on quality of oil,i.e pure or emulsionTo isolate any wells for testing purpose.To divert wells to the required header through operation of valvesSEPARATOR Purpose:To flash the well fluid to separate into liquids and gas at a controlled pressure Process:Fluid enters tangentially and due to the sudden pressure drop to the set level,the fluidgets separated into lquid and gases.Baffles are fitted inside the separator to help in better separation of fluid.The fluid is given residence time to allow better separation.STORAGE SYSTEM:Purpose:To store oil before pumpingTo measure oil producedProcess:Oil from heater treater and separator is taken into overhead cylindrical tanks for measurement.OIL DESPATCH SYSTEMPurpose:To dispatch oil from GGS

to CTF.Process:Oil is pumped from storage tanks to CTF by reciprocating pumps.CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEMPurpose:To mix demulsifier chemicals into emulsion ol before it enters heater treater.Process:Demulsifier chemical is pumped into emulsion oil stream before heater treater.Toobtain optimum results proper dosing element should be injected

Purpose:Demulsification of oil into oil and water by chemical thermal and electrical means.Process:Basically there are three sections in heater treater.Heating chamber Middle chamber Electrical chamber Heating chamber- the fire tubes which extends upto this section are in a submergedcondition in emulsion oil. The heating of oil emulsion oil decreases the viscosity of oiland water and reduce the resistance of water movement. The heat further reduces thesurface tension of individual droplets by which when they collide form bigger droplets.This progressive action results in the separation of oil and free water.

 Middle chamber- the fluids from heating enter into this chamber through a fixed water.It does not allow gas pass into electrical chamber. The gas which enters heating chamber leaves from top through mist extractor. The oil in this chamber is controlled by oil levelcontroller. Electrical chamber- In this section constant level of water is maintained so that oil iswashed and free water droplets of water are eliminated before fluid proceeds towardselectrode plates. These plates are connected with high voltage supply of 10,000 to 25,000volts. When fluid passes through these electrodes the droplets are polarizes and extracteach other. This attraction causes the droplets to combine, they become large enough tosettle into oil and water layers by the action of gravity.EFFLUENT DISPOSAL SYSTEM:Purpose:To dispose effluent water from effluent handling tanks to effluent treatment plant.Process:Effluent water is disposed by pumping effluent to effluent treatment plant through pipeline.WATER INJECTION MANIFOLDProcess:To divert water in water injection wells.To monitor water injection in water injection wells.Purpose:Water coming from water injection plant is diverted to different water injection wellsthrough different lines of wells.