ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

y d ) E u t S M I f T o L e L s r U u F ( o C

For

Post Graduate Course in POWER SYSTEM

Department Of Electrical Engineering

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology

(Deemed University)

BHOPAL 462007 (M.P.)

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COURSE OF STUDY AND SCHEME OF EXAMINATION MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY

Power System
I SEMESTER (FULL- TIME)
Course No. Subject Scheme of Studies periods Per week L MTH- 504 PS-501 PS 502 PS-503 PS-511-520 PS-541 PS-542 Advanced Mathematics Power System Analysis Advanced Power System Protection Evolutionary Techniques Elective I Power System Lab Seminar I Total 15 5 3 3 3 3 3 T 1 1 1 1 1 P 3 2 5 15 5 No. of Duration of Theory Paper No. 1 1 1 1 1 Hrs. 3 3 3 3 3 L 3 3 3 3 3 Credits T 1 1 1 1 1 P 3 2 5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3 2 25 Total Credits

II SEMESTER (FULL- TIME)

PS-551 PS-552 PS-553 PS-554 PS-561-570 PS-591 PS-592 Modern Trends in Power System Operation Advanced Control System Power System Stability and Control Modelling and Analysis of Electrical Machines Elective II Computer Applications in Power System Lab Seminar II Total 15 5 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 5 15 5 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3 2 25

III SEMESTER (FULL- TIME)

PS-601 PS-602 PS-611-620 PS-648 EHV AC and DC Transmission Power System Planning & Management Elective III Project Phase I Total 3 3 3 9 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 1 1 1 3 13 13 4.0 4.0 4.0 13.0 25

IV SEMESTER (FULL- TIME)

PS-698 Project Phase II Total 25 25 25 25

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Elective-I i ii iii iv PS-511 PS-512 PS-513 PS-514 Economics of Regulation and Restructuring of Energy Industries Microcomputer & its Applications Computer Aided Power System Analysis Power Controller

Elective-II i ii iii iv PS-561 PS-562 PS-563 PS-564 Advanced Power Electronics Power System Transients Reactive Power Control and Facts DSP & its Applications

Elective-III i ii iii iv PS-611 PS-612 PS-613 PS-614 Power Quality Instrumentation Advanced Electrical Drives Power System Economics

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MTH-504 ADVANCED MATHEMATICS

Unit 1 Solution of Partial differential Equations : Application to Boundary Value Problems. Laplace and wave Equations and electrical engineering applications to boundary value problems. Unit 2 Solution of non-linear equations by Newtons, Kizners method, Jacobis and Gauss-SEIDEL iteration methods. Lagranges & Hermite interpolation, picewise interpolation, cubic splines, Two-point boundary value problems by numerical techniques for linear ODE. Unit 3 Cauchys residue theorem, evaluation of integrals by various contours, conformal mapping, Schwartz christofel transformation. Unit 4 Linear Programming : LPP formulation, simplex methods-phase I, phase II, Big M method, Duality of LPP. Non Linear Programming : Unconstrained and constrained extremal problems, and their algorithms. Unit 5 Dynamic Programming : Bellmans Principle of Optimality, Dynamic Programming Approach optimal subdivision problem, Decomposition Applications to linear programming DPP algorithms. Reference Books : 1. Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.S.Grewal 2. Operations Research by Kanti Swaroop, P.K.Gupta and Man Mohan 3. Operations Research Algorithmic Approach - Gillettee

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PS-501 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS Unit 1 Power system components and their modelling, Recent trends in Power System Analysis, Operation and Control, Power System Components, their representation & modeling. Load Flow Studies, Different basic techniques of Load flow solutions and their recent advancements, their comparison w.r.t. speed, storage, convergence & reliability, computational aspects of on-line & off line analysis, optimal load flow studies and comparison of different methods. Unit 2 Introduction of Optimal system operation, optimal operation of Generators of a Bus Bar, Optimal Unit Commitment (UC), Economic Dispatch , Classical Economic, Economic Issues and Mechanisms in the New Market Environment. Reliability consideration, Optimal, Power system security. Unit 3 Power System Management under normal & abnormal conditions, short circuit studies in Power System, Demand Side Load Management & Load Forecasting, Transmission issues and Effect in the New Market Environment Unit 4 State Estimation & Contingency Analysis : Basic concept and methods, line power flow state estimates, State Estimation and Noisy measurements, monitoring the Power System. Unit 5 Power system optimization, Emerging Modern Optimization Techniques and their application in Power Systems.

Reference Books : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Computer Methods in Power System Analysis - Glenn W. Stagg & Ahmed H. El-Abiad Computer Methods in Power System Analysis - M.A. Pai Computer Aided Power System Analysis - George L.Kusic Electrical Energy Systems - O. Elgard Advanced Power System Analysis and Dynamics - L.P. Singh Power System Analysis and Design, Third Edition by J. Duncan Glover and Mulukuta S. Sarma, Prentice Hall, Inc., 2002 7. Modern Optimisation Techniques in Power System- Yong Hua Song, Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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PS-502 ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION Unit 1 Protective Relays : Relaying review, characteristics and operating equations of relays. CTs and PTs differential relay, overcurrent relay, reverse power relay, distance relays, applications of relays. Unit 2 Static Relays : Principles of static relay comparators (Amplitude & phase comparator), Types of amplitude and phase comparators. Summation transformers, over current, differential relays, techniques in development of static relays. Unit 3 Generator and transformer protection : Protective devices for system. Protective devices for stator, rotor, and prime mover of generator, percentage differential relays protection, three winding transformer protection, earth fault protection, generator transformer unit protection. Unit 4 Busbar and transmission line protection : Distance protective schemes, directional wave detection relay. Phase compensation carrier protection. High impedance differential scheme, supervisory and check relay, Some features of 500 KV relaying protection. Unit 5 Modern trends in power system protection : Different types of digital and computer aided relays, Microprocessor based relays, autoreclosing, frequency relays, under and over frequency relays, di/dt relays.

Reference Books : 1. Power System Protection and Switchgear, B.Ram Tata Mc-Graw Hill Pub. 2. Switchgear and Protection, M.V.Deshpande - Tata Mc-Graw Hill Pub. 3. Power System Protection and Switchgear, R.Ravindra Nath and M.Chander Willy Eastern Ltd. 4. Computer Relaying for power system by Arun G. Phadke and James S.Thorp Johns willy. 5. Power System Protection by M.A.Date Bharti Prakashan Vallabh Vidya Nagar, Gujrat.

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PS-503 EVOLUTIONARY TECHNIQUES Unit 1 Model classification, Mathematical models, Physical Models, Analog Models, Estimation of Model parameters, Design of experiments, System Identification. Unit 2 Experimental Nature of Simulation, Steps involved in simulation studies, Validation of Simulation Models, Computer Simulation of continuous & discrete systems; examples. Unit 3 Introduction, different network configurations (MLP, Hopfield, Kohonen etc.), Feedforward and recurrent networks, Training algorithms static error back propagation technique and dynamic training algorithms, Computer flow charts for training, NNW applications for control, identification, pattern recognition and system modeling & state estimation. Unit 4 Concept, Fuzzy relations, membership functions, if-then-rules, matrix representation, defuzzification, fuzzy controllers, applications. Unit 5 Introduction and concept, schemata, coding, reproduction, cross-over, and mutation, scaling, fitness, applications. Neuro-fuzzy networks, Genetic algorithm in fuzzy controllers, other hybrid applications. Reference Books : 1. Geoffery Gordon, System Simulation, Prentice Hall India, 1998 2. Robert E.Shannon, Systems Simulation : Art and Science, Prentice Hall 3. J.M.Zurada, Introduction to Artificial Neural System, Jaico Publ. House, Bombay, 1994 4. G.W.Irwin, K.Warwick & K.J.Hunt[Editors], Neural Network Application in Control, Instn of Elect. Engrs, U.K., 1995 5. D.T.Pham & L.Xing, Neural Networks for Identification, Prediction and Control, Springer-Verlag, London, 1995 6. V.Rao & H. Rao, C++ Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic, BPS, Delhi, 1996 7. D.E.Goldberg, Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and machine learning, Addision Wesley Publ. Co. INC, NY.

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ELECTIVE I (i) PS-511 ECONOMICS OF REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING OF ENERGY INDUSTRIES Unit 1 Introduction to economic regulation, Introduction to key issues, Demand Supply curve and market equilibrium, Costs, Rationale for Regulation. Unit 2 Introduction to regulatory economics, principles of regulation, Monopoly, competition and its regulation. Unit 3 Traditional regulation, rate of return regulation, problems with rate of return regulation, restructuring options and understanding restructuring issues. Unit 4 Transmission Network and Wholesale Market Institutions, Retail Competition and Customer Choice, Bureaucrats in Business, The Economics and Politics of Government Ownership. Unit 5 Concept of economic regulation of energy industries, economic rationale behind restructuring of energy industries and highlighting the tariff and other policy issues related to regulation and restructuring.

Reference Books: 1. Hunt, S. 2002, Making competition work in electricity, John Wiley & Sons; 2. Hunt, S. and G. Shuttleworth, 1996, Competition and Choice in electricity, Wiley. 3. Newbery, DMG, 2000, Privatisation, restructuring and regulation of network Utilities, MIT Press 4. Viscusi, WK, JM, Vernon and JE Harrington, 2000, Economics of Regulation and Anti-trust, W. K. Viscusi, MIT Press, 3rd edition.

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ELECTIVE I (ii) PS-512 MICROCOMPUTER AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Unit 1 Programmable Peripheral Devices PPT 8255, various operating modes, fixing diagram, PIT 8253, programming and modes of operation, PIC 8259, operating modes. Unit 2 Interfacing Interfacing of peripherals, A/D & D/A converters, 8255, 8253, 8259 with 8/16 bit microprocessor/Data Acquisition system. Unit 3 Microcontroller - 8051 Architecture, Counter/Timers, Instructions, Interfacing, Applications, Comparison of 8085, 8086, 8057 etc. Unit 4 Programmable logic controller PLC Architecture, programming, Counter/Timers and its applications. Unit 5 Applications of Microcontroller and PLC for Drives Control.

Programming,

Reference Books: 1. Microprocessor Architecture programming & applications Gaonkar 2. Microprocessors & interfacing D.V.Hall 3. The 8051 Microcontroller K.J.Ayala 4. Introduction to programmable logic controller Gary Dunning

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ELECTIVE I (iii) PS-513 COMPUTER AIDED POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Unit 1 Digital computers in power system simulations, System view point, Hierarchy of transmission and distribution system, nature and scope of power system studies, Electric supply industry structure under Deregulation, Regulatory and policy developments. Power system components, representation of transmission lines. Transformers - Two winding and auto-transformers, tap changing transformer and loads. Unit 2 Oriented graph, reference direction, system graph for transmission network, concept of graph theory, loop matrix, cutset matrix, incidence matrix, Topological relations, multiport representation, Bus impedance and Bus admittance matrix formulation, bus impedance algorithm. Unit 3 Analytical formulation, methods of load flow solutions, Bus mismatch and convergence criteria, Gauss-Siedel method, Newton Rephson method, concept of decoupled methods. Unit 4 Thermal system, transmission losses, optimum scheduling of thermal plants taking losses into account, economic load scheduling of hydro-thermal plants. Unit 5 Electric utility Restructuring, Power System Restructuring Models, Market-power, Transmission pricing in a Restructured Electricity Market, Congestion Management in Deregulated Market, Role of FACTS devices in competitive Power Market.

Reference Books : 1. Electrical Energy Systems Theory by O.I.Elgerd 2. Computer Methods in Power system Analysis by A.H.El.Abiad 3. Understanding FACTS concept and Technology by Hingorani N.L. 4. Power System Restructuring and Deregulation Trading Performance and IT by L.L. Lai, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. England 5. Electricity Market Investment Performance and Analysis by B. Murrey, Mc-Hill,1998 6. Understanding Electric Utilities and Deregulation by Lorrin Phillipson & H.Lee Willis, Mareely Dekker Inc. New York, 1999 7. Power System Restructure Engineering & Economics by M.Illic, F.Faliana and L.Fink, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1998 8. Restructured Electrical Power System Operation Trading and Volatility by Mohammad Shahidhpour and Muwaffaq Almoush, Marcel Dekker, 2001

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ELECTIVE I (iv) PS-514 POWER CONTROLLER Unit 1 Various power semiconductor devices i.e. SCR, GTO, MOSFET, BJT, IGBT & MCTs & their protection, series-parallel operation, Heat sink calculations, Design of firing circuit for converters, choppers & inverters. Unit 2 Analysis & design of 1- bridge converter, 3- bridge converter with and without freewheeling diode, effect of source impedance, power factor improvement techniques, pulse width modulated converters, Dual converters, converter for HVDC application & DC drives. Unit 3 Analysis & design of voltage commutated, current commutated and load commutated choppers, multiquadrant choppers, chopper for traction application. Resonant choppers, SMPS. Unit 4 Detailed analysis of 1- VSI, 3- VSI (180 mode, 150 mode & 120 mode of conduction), various inverter commutation circuits, harmonic reduction techniques, PWM inverters, Inverters for HVDC application & AC drives. Advantages & limitation of current source inverters over VSI, 1- and 3- CSI. Resonant inverters. Unit 5 1- to 1-, 3- to 3- cycloconverter circuits, circulating current scheme, non-circulating current operation, Mean output voltage, harmonics in supply current waveform & input-power factor. Concept of power quality. Reference Books : 1. Thyristorised Power Controllers - G.K.Dubey, Doradla, Joshi, Sinha 2. Power Electronics - C.W.Lander 3. Power Electronics - Rashid 4. Thyristorised power controlled converters & cycloconverters - B.R.Pelly 5. Power Electronics - N.Mohan 6. Power Electronics Application - Vithyathil.

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PS- 541 POWER SYSTEM LABORATORY List of Experiments: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Study of Bucholz relay. To determine the characteristics of inverse time current relay. To determine the dielectric strength of transformer oil. Separation of eddy current & iron losses of single phase transformer. To perform slip test on synchronous machine and to determine d-axis & q-axis reactances. 6. To measure the direct axis subtransient reactance of synchronous machine. 7. To measure the quadrature axis subtransient reactance of synchronous machine. 8. Study of 3-phase short circuit on synchronous machine.

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PS-551 MODERN TRENDS IN POWER SYSTEM OPERATION Unit 1 Introduction Custom Power Solutions Dynamic Voltage Restorer(DVR)- Super conducting Magnetic Energy Storage(SMES)system Flywheel Energy Storage System(FES) Automatic VAR Compensator(AVC) Distribution Static Var Compensator(DSVC) Distribution Static Compensator(DSTATCOM) Application and analysis of Passive filter, Active filter and Hybrid filter. Unit 2 Introduction Deregulation of Electric Utilities Energy Generation under new environment Competitive whole sale electricity market Transmission expansion in new environment Transmission Open Access Pricing Electricity in Deregulated environment. Unit 3 Advances in online control of Power System Application of Internet and GPS in power system control. Unit 4 Distribution automation: Distribution automation Definitions Project Planning Communication, Sensors, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Consumer Information systems (CIS), Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Unit 5 Application of Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy, Neuro-fuzzy, Genetic Algorithms and Experts systems in Power System Control.

Reference Books: 1. Power System Restructuring and Deregulation: Trading Performance and Information Technology - Loi Lei Lai, John Wiley, 2001 2. Custom Power-N G Hingorani, IEEE Spectrum, June 1995 3. Proceedings of IEEE February 2000 4. Power System Economics- Steven Stoft, IEEE Press, 2002

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PS-552 ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEM Unit 1 The Design Problem, Preliminary design considerations. Basic comparators, cascade compensation in time domain and frequency domain, feedback compensation, Different types of controllers. Unit 2 State variables, state space representation, Transfer matrix, state model for linear continuous time systems. Eigen values, eigen vectors, Diagonalization, Solution of state equation, concept of controllability and observability. Pole placement by state feedback. Unit 3 Introduction to discrete time systems , Time domain, representation & transformation analysis of discrete time systems, time domain approach and z domain approach. Pulse transfer function, Controllability and observability of discrete time systems stability analysis in z plane. Unit 4 Introduction, characteristics limit cycles, singular points, Basic non linear components phase plane methods, Describing functions, Definition, D.F. for basic non linearities, Absolute stability, circle and popov criterion, Liapunov functions. Unit 5 Introduction to adaptive control system, Linear optimal regulator problem, finite time horizon, Principle of optimality, Hamilton Jacobi equation, Riceati equation (Algebraic & differential), steady state solutions (LQR), optimal state estimation, Kalman filter, Output feedback control (LQG). Reference Books: 1. Digital Control Engineering - M.Gopal 2. Adaptive and Optimal Control - A.P.Sage & Landue 3. Optimal Control - A.P.Sage 4. Discrete Time Control System - Katsuniko Ogata 5. Modern Control Engineering Nagarth Gopal

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PS- 553 POWER SYSTEM STABILITY AND CONTROL Unit 1 Power System Structure: Operating states, control problem, control loops. Hydraulic and steam turbine, Effect of exciter and governor. Excitation system requirements, functions, types and modeling of excitation systems. Unit 2 Control of Power and Frequency: Power, Frequency characteristics, control of voltage, frequency and tie-line power flows, Automatic Generation Control, Division of load, Area control, Computer control of load and frequency, under-frequency load shedding. Unit 3 Control of voltage and Reactive Power: Relation between voltage, power and reactive power, Generation and absorption of reactive power, voltage control, and voltage stability analysis. Unit 4 Stability: Concepts, steady state and transient stability, swing equation for single and multi machine system, small signal stability, excitation system, Dynamic and transient stability analysis of single machine and multi-machine systems, power system stabilizer design and analysis for stability problem. Unit 5 Transient Stability: Solution of swing equations, swing curves, stability criterion, Techniques for the improvement of stability, operation under abnormal and distressed condition. Reference Books : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Prabha Kundur, Power system stability and control, Mc-Graw Hill Inc, New York, 1993. Taylor C.W., Power System Voltage Stability, Mc-Graw Hill Inc, New York, 1993. Nagrath IJ, Kothari D.P., Power System Engineering, Tata Mc-Graw Hills, New Delhi 1994. Weedy B.M. Electric Power System John Wiley and Sons, 3rd edition. Elgerd O.I., Electric Energy Systems Theory, TMH, New Delhi, Second Edition 1983. P.S.R. Murthy, Power System Operation and Control, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, New Delhi 1984.

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PS-554 MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES Unit 1 Review : Primitive machine, voltage and torque equation. Concept of transformation change of variables & m/c variables and transform variables. Application to D.C. machine for steady state and transient analysis, and equation of cross field commutator machine. Unit 2 Induction Machine : Voltage, torque equation for steady state operation, Equivalent circuit, Dynamic performance during sudden changes in load torque and three phase fault at the machine terminals. Voltage & torque equation for steady state operation of 1- induction motor & scharge motor. Unit 3 Synchronous Machine : Transformation equations for rotating three phase windings, Voltage and power equation for salient and non salient alternator, their phasor diagrams, Simplified equations of a synchronous machine with two damper coils. Unit 4 Operational Impedances and Time Constants of Synchronous Machines : Park's equations in operational form, operational impedances and G(P) for a synchronous machine with four Rotor Windings, Standard synchronous machine Reactances, time constants, Derived synchronous machine time constants, parameters from short circuit characteristics. Unit 5 Approximate Methods for Generator & System Analysis : The problem of power system analysis, Equivalent circuit & vector diagrams for approximate calculations, Analysis of line to line short circuit, Application of approximate method to power system analysis. Reference Books : 1. Analysis of Electric Machinery - P.C.Krause 2. The General theory of Electrical Machines - B.Adkins 3. The General theory of AC Machines - B.Adkins & R.G.Harley 4. Generalised theory of Electrical m/c - P.S.Bhimbra 5. Electro Mechanical Energy Conversion - White & Woodson

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ELECTIVE II(i) PS-561 ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS Unit 1 DC-DC Switch Mode converter- Control of DC - DC Converter. BUCK, BOOST, BUCKBOOST Converters etc. Unit 2 P.W.M. Converter- PWM Techniques, Current controlled techniques, High Power Factor Converters. Unit 3 Resonant Converters - Classification, Concepts, Load-Resonant Converters, Resonance-Switch Converters, Zero voltage Switching. Unit 4 Power Supplies - Linear Power Supplies, Overview of Switching DC Power Supply, Control and Protection of SMPS. Unit 5 Switching Mode Inverters - Basic concept, 1-, 3- Inverters Switching, Schemes and applications. Reference Books: 1. Power Electronics Ned Mohan 2. Power Electronics M. H. Rashid 3. Power Electronics M. D. Singh 4. Power Electronics Joseph Vithythal 5. Power Electronics Philip Kranes 6. Power Electronics G. K. Dubey

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ELECTIVE II(ii) PS- 562 POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS Unit 1 Origin and nature of transients and surges. Equivalent circuit representations. Lumped and distributed circuit transients. Line energisation and de-energisation transients. Earth and earthwire effects. Unit 2 Current chopping in circuit breakers. Short line fault condition and its relation to circuit breaker duty. Trapped charge effects. Effect of source and source representation in short line fault studies. Control of transients. Unit 3 Lightning phenomena. Influence of tower footing resistance and earth resistance. Traveling waves in distributed parameter multi-conductor lines, parameters as a function of frequency. Unit 4 Simulation of surge diverters in transient analysis. Influence of pole opening and pole closing. Fourier integral and Z transform methods in power system transients. Bergeron methods of analysis and use of EMTP and EMTDC/PSCAD package. Unit 5 Insulation Coordination : overvoltage limiting devices, dielectric properties, breakdown of gaseous insulation, tracking and erosion of insulation, high current arcs. Reference Books : 1. Power System Transients by Vanikov 2. Power System Transients by C. S. Indulkar and D.P. Kothari 3. Power Circuit breaker theory and design by Flurscheim C.H. 4. EMTP Rulebook 5. EMTDC/PSCAD Rulebook

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ELECTIVE II (iii) PS-563 REACTIVE POWER CONTROL AND FACTS

Unit 1 Fundamental concepts in Reactive Power, requirement for compensation, objectives in load compensation. Unit 2 Dynamic Power Compensation: Thyristor-based reactive-power compensators; compensator control strategies; choice of control signals; compensator characteristics; applications of GTO Thyristors and IGBTs in STATCOM, series compensation. Unit 3 FACTS (flexible AC transmission systems): Analysis and design of FACTS based stabilizers, transient stability control with FACTS devices. The nature of AC Power system, The Theory of Steady State reactive power control in electric transmission systems, passive compensation. Unit 4 Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC): Principle of operation, configuration and control, simulation of UPFC, Steady state model of UPFC. Unit 5 Case Studies of SVC, STATCOM and UPFC Installations. Utility Perspective on Dynamic Reactive Power Control.

Reference Books : 1. Reactive Power Control in Power Systems, T J E Miller, John Wiley, 1982 2. Computer modeling of Electrical Power Systems, J Arriliga and N R Watson, Wiley, 2001 3. Understanding FACTS, N G Hingorani and L Gyugyi, IEEE Press, 2000 4. Flexible ac Transmission Systems (FACTS), Y.H. Song and A.T. Johns, IEE Press, 1999 5. Thyristor based FACTS controller for electrical transmission system, R Mohan Mathur and Rajiv K Varma, IEEE Press, Wiley Interscience, 2002

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PS -591 COMPUTER APPLICATION IN POWER SYSTEM LABORATORY

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Simulation of Magnetic Circuits and their Analysis Simulation and Measurements of Single Phase and Three Phase Circuits. Artificial Neural Network Based Load Forecasting Artificial Neural Network Based Price Forecasting Simulating Power Electronic Systems with Simulink Power system simulation by MATLAB using the Power System Blockset Energy conservation in industrial and residential areas through voltage regulation.

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PS-601 EHV AC & DC TRANSMISSION Unit 1 Long line theory, long distance transmission problems, corona power loss and audible noise. Radio Interference RIV and excitation functions, Reactive Power compensation of EHV AC lines, FACTs devices. Unit 2 Sequential impedances of AC systems EHVAC transmission overvoltages, insulation design of lightning and switching over voltages. High voltage testing of AC equipments. Unit 3 Comparison of EHV AC & DC transmission HVDC system configuration and components conversion and inversion, Analysis of three phase bridge converter and Performance equations abnormal operations of converter. Unit 4 Control of HVDC system, Principle of DC link control, current and Extinction angle control power and reactive power control, alternative inverter control modes. Unit 5 Harmonics and AC/DC filters, Influence of AC system strength on AC/DC system interaction responses to DC and AC system faults. Modelling of HVDC system. Reference Books : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Begemudre R.D., EHVAC Transmission Engineering Willy Eastern Ltd. P.Kundur Power System Stability and Control - Mc Graw Hill Publication. Arrillaga J., HVDC Transmission - Peter Peregrinus Pub. Rao S., EHV AC & HVDC Transmission Systems - Khanna Pub. Padiyar K.R., HVDC Power Transmission Systems Willy Eastern Ltd.

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PS-602 POWER SYSTEM PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Unit 1 Introduction of power planning, National and Regional Planning, structure of P.S., planning tools, Electricity Regulation, Electrical Forecasting, forecasting techniques modeling. Unit 2 Generation planning, Integrated power generation cogeneration/captive power, Power pooling and power trading. Transmission and distribution planning. Power system Economics. Power sector finance, financial planning, private participation Rural Electrification investment, concept of Rational tariffs. Unit 3 Power supply Reliability, Reliability planning. System operation planning, load management, load prediction, reactive power balance, online power flow studies, state estimation, computerized management, power system simulator. Unit 4 Computer aided planning, wheeling. Environmental effects, the green house effect, Technological impacts. Insulation coordination. Reactive compensation. Unit 5 Optimal power system expansion planning : Formulation of least cost optimization problem incorporating the capital, operating and maintenance cost of candidate plants of different types (Thermal, Hydro, Nuclear, Non-conventional etc.) and minimum assured reliability constraint optimization techniques for solution by programming. Reference Books : 1. Modern Power System Planning Edited by X Wang, J R MCDonald, MCGraw Hill 2. Electrical Power System Planning by A.S.Pabla Machmillan India Ltd. 3. Power System Restructuring Engineering and Economics by M. Tllic, F.Faliana and L Fink, Kulwar Academic Publisher 4. Power system Restructuring and Deregulation by L.L. Lie, John Willey & Sons UK 2001.

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ELECTIVE III(i) PS-611 POWER QUALITY Unit 1 Understanding Power quality, types of power quality disturbances, power quality indices, Causes and effects of power quality disturbances Unit 2 Causes and effects of harmonics, converter configuration and their contribution to supply harmonics, other sources of harmonics Unit 3 Radio interference, supply standards, elimination/suppression of harmonics, classical solutions & their drawbacks, passive input filters, high power factor pre-regulator, switching control circuit, transformer connections, Unit 4 Elimination/suppression of harmonics using active power filters topologies, and their control methods, PWM converter as a voltage source active filter, current source active filter, Unit 5 Electro-magnetic compatibility, constant frequency control, constant tolerance band control, variable tolerance band control, discontinuous current control.

Reference Books : 1. Power Quality by R.C. Duggan 2. Power system harmonics by A.J. Arrillga 3. Power electronic converter harmonics by Derek A. Paice

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ELECTIVE III(ii) PS-612 INSTRUMENTATION Unit 1 Introduction to instrumentation and control of energy systems, display instruments, recorders. Unit 2 Transducers, sensors, actuators such as pressure, temperature, velocity, speed, volume, torque and solar flux measuring devices, current, voltage and power factor. Unit 3 Gas analysers, power plants and industrial instrumentation and pollution monitoring devices. Unit4 Signal conditioning of inputs, single channel and multichannel data acquisition system, D/A and A/D converters, data loggers, supervisory control. Unit 5 Data transmission systems, Advantage and disadvantage of digital transmission over anolog. Time division multiplexing, pulse modulation, digital modulation.

Reference Books : 1. Transducers & Instrumentation by D.V.S. Murty PHI Prentice Hall 2. Electronic Instrumentation by H.S.Kalsi Tata McGraw Hill 3. Electrical and Electronics Measurement and Instrumentation by A.K.Sawhney Dhanpat Rai & Sons. 4. Instrumentation devices and systems by C.S.Rangan and G.R. Sharma Tata McGraw Hill.

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ELECTIVE III (iii) PS-613 ADVANCED ELECTRICAL DRIVES

Unit 1 Electrical Drives Introduction, Choice of Electrical Drives, Dynamics of Electrical Drives, Concept of Multi-quadrant operation, Components of load torques. Selection of motor power rating. Unit 2 D.C.Drive, speed torque, speed control. Starting, Breaking. Controlled rectified fed DC drive, chopper controlled dc drives. Close loop control of d.c. drive. Introduction of transient analysis. Unit 3 Induction Motor Drives : Three phase I.M., analysis and performance. Operation with unbalanced source voltages and single phasing, analysis of I.M. fed from Non-sinusoidal voltage supply. Starting, Breaking, Introduction of transient analysis. Speed control methods, single phase I.M. Close loop control of I.M. Drives. Unit 4 Synchronous Motor Drives, cylindrical rotor wound field motor, salient pole wound field motor, synchronous reluctance motor, Hysterisis synchronous motor, operation from fixed frequency supply, starting, breaking, synchronous motor variable speed drives, starting large synchronous machines. Unit 5 Introduction of Brushless dc motor, stepper motor and switch reluctance motor drives, solar and battery powered drives, Traction Drives, Energy conservation in Electrical Drives.

Reference Books : 1. Power semi conductor controlled drives by G.K.Dubey 2. Fundamentals of Electrical Drives by G.K.Dubey 3. Electrical Machine & Power Electronics by P.C.Sen

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ELECTIVE III (iv) PS-614 POWER SYSTEM ECONOMICS Unit 1 Objectives of deregulation, market players, alternative structures of electricity industry. Electricity marketplaces, role of spot (balancing) markets and power exchanges. Behaviour of participants, market power. Unit 2 Locational marginal pricing, impact of losses and network constraints, modelling of network constraints, concept of contract networks, locational hedging. Unit 3 Costing and pricing of transmission networks, value of transmission, need for regulation, alternative approaches to investment pricing. Unit 4 Economics and reliability, concept of customer worth of supply. Unit 5 Regulation approaches, revenue recovery and pricing of distribution services.

Reference Books : 1. Power System Economics Designing Markets for Electricity - Steven Stoft, IEEE Press, 2002 2. Fundamentals of Power System Economics the nordic electricity market av Wangensteen, Ivar 3. Power System Economics by Daniel S. Kirschen and, Goran Strbac