Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MAY 2002
When electricity is transmitted over long distances, energy is wasted. How can the wasted energy be kept as small as possible? A B C D Keep the current in the transmission lines as large as possible. Keep the power supplied to the transmission lines as large as possible. Keep the resistance of the transmission lines as large as possible. Keep the voltage supplied to the transmission lines as large as possible.
30 turns 12 V a.c.
a.c. voltmeter
NOVEMBER 2002
Which graph shows the output of a simple a.c. generator? A e.m.f. 0 time e.m.f. 0 time B
time
When the electric current in wire XY is in the direction shown, there is an upward force on the wire. X current force magnet N magnet S
Y If the north and south poles of the magnet exchange positions, in which direction will the force on the wire act? A B C D downwards upwards to the left to the right 2
magnet
solenoid V
Which of the following would give a zero reading on the voltmeter? A B C D 6 holding the magnet stationary inside the solenoid moving the magnet away from the solenoid moving the magnet towards the solenoid moving the solenoid towards the magnet
The diagram shows a transformer with an alternating voltage of 100 V applied to the primary coil.
What is the voltage produced across the secondary coil? A 50 V B 100 V C 200 V D 8000 V
NOVEMBER 2003
How is electricity transmitted over large distances and why is it transmitted in this way?
why for safety to reduce energy loss for safety to reduce energy loss
MAY 2004
8
A straight wire carrying a current produces a magnetic field. Which diagram shows the correct shape of the field?
A current
B current
C current
D current
A student carries out an experiment to see the effect of a magnetic field on a wire carrying a current. The wire moves upwards as shown.
wire moves upwards
N
direction of current
What should the student do to make the wire move downwards? A B C D change the direction of the current move the poles of the magnet closer together send a smaller current through the wire use a stronger magnet
NOVEMBER 2004
10 The diagram represents a transformer.
input voltage
output voltage
Which arrangement could be used to make the output voltage higher than the input voltage? number of turns on primary coil P A B C D 100 100 50 50 number of turns on secondary coil S 50 50 100 100 type of input a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c.
contact
core
spring
Which metal should be used to make the core? A B C D aluminium copper iron steel
MAY 2005
12 Which graph shows the output voltage from a simple a.c. generator?
voltage A 0 time
voltage B 0 time
voltage C 0 time
voltage D 0 time
13 A transformer has 50 turns on its primary coil and 100 turns on its secondary coil. An a.c. voltage of 25.0 V is connected across the primary coil.
What is the voltage across the secondary coil? A 12.5 V B 50.0 V C 175 V D 200 V
14 Two circuits are set up as shown. The iron rods are placed close together, and are free to move.
What happens to the size of the gap at X when switch S is closed? A B C D It decreases. It decreases then increases. It increases. It does not change.
NOVEMBER 2005
15 The diagrams show a straight wire carrying a current into the paper. Which diagram shows the magnetic field pattern due to this current? A B C D
wire
wire
wire
wire
iron core
iron core
a.c. input
output
d.c. input
output
iron core
iron core
a.c. input
output
d.c. input
output
17 A magnet is suspended from a spring so that it can move freely inside a coil which is connected to a sensitive centre-zero ammeter.
MAY 2006
18 A current-carrying coil in a magnetic field experiences a turning effect.
How can the turning effect be increased? A B C D increase the number of turns on the coil reduce the size of the current reverse the direction of the magnetic field use thinner wire for the coil
What are suitable numbers of turns for coil X and for coil Y? number of turns on coil X A B C D 240 240 240 960 number of turns on coil Y 60 240 960 60
NOVEMBER 2006
rotation
magnet S
battery What is this electrical device? A B C D a d.c. motor an a.c. generator a magnetising coil a transformer
10
time
time
11
MAY 2007
22 A coil is rotated steadily between the poles of a magnet. The coil is connected to an oscilloscope, which shows a graph of voltage output against time.
N contact
S contact
oscilloscope
12 V a.c.
12
NOVEMBER 2007
24 How is electricity transmitted over large distances and why is it transmitted in this way? how A B C D at high voltage at high voltage at low voltage at low voltage why for safety to reduce energy loss for safety to reduce energy loss
25 Which parts of an a.c. generator slide past each other when the generator is working? A B C D brushes and coil coil and magnets magnets and slip rings slip rings and brushes
MAY 2008
26 The wire XY shown in the diagram is connected to a sensitive voltmeter with a centre zero. XY is then moved quickly once through the magnetic field.
X
S
V
N
movement
What is observed on the voltmeter? A B C D The needle moves briefly in one direction and then returns to the centre. The needle moves quickly in one direction and stays deflected. The needle vibrates rapidly from side to side whilst XY is moving. The needle stays still.
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240 V a.c.
What is the potential difference across the secondary coil of the transformer? A 30 V B 120 V C 240 V D 480 V
NOVEMBER 2008
28 Two different systems are used to transmit equal amounts of electrical power from one building to another. One system uses low voltage and the other uses high voltage. Both systems use identical wires. Which line in the table is correct about which system wastes least energy and why? least energy wasted A B C D high voltage system high voltage system low voltage system low voltage system why the current in the wires is bigger the current in the wires is smaller the current in the wires is bigger the current in the wires is smaller
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29 When the electric current in wire XY is in the direction shown, there is an upward force on the wire.
Y
If the north and south poles of the magnet exchange positions, in which direction will the force on the wire act? A B C D downwards upwards to the left to the right
MAY 2009
30 A transformer has 50 turns on its primary coil and 100 turns on its secondary coil. An alternating voltage of 25.0 V is connected across the primary coil.
25.0 V primary coil 50 turns secondary coil 100 turns
What is the voltage across the secondary coil? A 12.5 V B 50.0 V C 175 V D 200 V
15
31 A wire perpendicular to the page carries an electric current in a direction out of the page. There are four compasses near the wire. Which compass shows the direction of the magnetic field caused by the current?
NOVEMBER 2009
32 Which device is designed to allow a small direct current (d.c.) to control a large direct current (d.c.)? A B C D a generator a motor a relay a transformer
16
100 V
10 V
primary coil
secondary coil
What are suitable numbers of turns for the primary coil and for the secondary coil? number of turns on the primary coil A B C D 100 200 400 800 number of turns on the secondary coil 1000 110 490 80
MAY 2010
34 A coil is connected to a battery and a soft iron bar is hung near to it.
coil
soft iron
The current is then reversed by reversing the battery connections. How does the soft iron bar behave in the two cases? with the battery as shown A B C D attracted to the coil attracted to the coil repelled from the coil repelled from the coil with the battery reversed attracted to the coil repelled from the coil attracted to the coil repelled from the coil
17
35 A transformer has 15 000 turns on its primary coil and 750 turns on its secondary coil. Connected in this way, for what purpose could this transformer be used? A B C D to convert the 8000 V a.c. output of a power station to 160 000 V for long-distance power transmission to convert the 160 000 V d.c. supply from a power line to 8000 V for local power transmission to use a 12 V d.c. supply to operate a 240 V razor to use a 240 V a.c. mains supply to operate a 12 V motor
NOVEMBER 2010
36 A coil is rotated steadily between the poles of a magnet. The coil is connected to an oscilloscope.
N contact
S contact
oscilloscope
37 A village has to be supplied with electricity from a power station that is a long way from the village. Which type of current should be used, and at which voltage? type of current A B C D alternating current alternating current direct current direct current voltage high voltage low voltage high voltage low voltage
18
MAY 2011
38 Which graph shows how the output voltage varies with time for a simple a.c. generator?
time
time
39 A magnet is suspended from a spring so that it can move freely inside a coil. The coil is connected to a sensitive centre-zero ammeter.
stationary coil
What does the ammeter show when the magnet repeatedly moves slowly up and down? A B C D a reading constantly changing from left to right and right to left a steady reading to the left a steady reading to the right a steady reading of zero
19
40 The diagram shows a simple step-down transformer used to decrease a voltage. Which part is the primary coil?
NOVEMBER 2011
41 Which diagram represents the direction of the magnetic field around a straight wire carrying a current out of the page?
20
output voltage
With the coil in the position shown, the output voltage is +10 V. When does the output voltage become 10 V? A B C D when the coil has turned 90 when the coil has turned 180 when the coil has turned 270 when the coil has turned 360
core
input
output
From which material should the core be made? A B C D aluminium copper iron steel
21
MAY 2012
44 The diagram shows a coil connected to a battery and a switch. Two unmagnetised iron bars hang freely near opposite ends of the coil.
coil
X iron bar
Y iron bar
What happens to the iron bars when the switch is closed? A B C D Both X and Y move away from the coil. Both X and Y move towards the coil. X moves towards the coil, Y moves away from the coil. Y moves towards the coil, X moves away from the coil.
45 A wire passes between the poles of a horseshoe magnet. There is a current in the wire in the direction shown, and this causes a force to act on the wire.
magnet
current wire
N S
force
Three other arrangements, P, Q and R, of the wire and magnet are set up as shown.
P Q R
Which arrangement or arrangements will cause a force in the same direction as the original arrangement? A P, Q and R B P and Q only C P only 22 D R only
Electromagnetic Effects
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 D C A A A C B D A C 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 C D B A B A A A A A 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 D A C B D A B B A B 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
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