Example of work for assignment 1

Title: Disadvantages of Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is the latest advancement in the world of sciences. It refers to the constructing and engineering of the systems ion function at very micro level or we can say at atomic level. It is used to advance the present systems by implementing the new concepts related to the particular field. It uses bottom up approach to build high performance products as compared to the current market products. it is also called as general purpose technology because it has a significant influence in almost all the industries of the society in different manner. It diversifies the current extensions of the developed objects to the next level of development. Nanotechnology in spite of recent development in the scientific world has huge historical background. The core concepts were introduced in early fifties. The first ever concept was presented in 1959.by the famous professor of physics Dr. Richard P.Feynman while explaining the creation of molecular machines with accurate atomic precision. Although there were conflicts about the early theories by different scientists but later on experimental paradigms changed the minds of researchers. So in this way the idea for the new technology was born to facilitate the scientific research. After the birth of nanotechnology it has covered a long distance to get properly introduced in the modern era in 1974 another Japanese scientist named Tanigushi used term nanotechnology in his research paper on ion sputter machine. In 1977 drexler originated the official concept of nanotechnology at MIT and in 1981 first technical paper on molecular nanotechnology was written which was an inspiration for building a machine using atomic precision. STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscopy was invented which was the first machine developed using nanotechnology in its construction. STM allows scientists to see and manipulate individual atoms. In 1985 bucket wall another device was introduced and finally the first ever panel of researchers which was later on converted to an organization was formed in 1986.in the same year first book on nanotechnology titled (Engines of Creations the coming era of nanotechnology) was published and was also given away as the first Feynman prize in early nineties. In 1988 nanotechnology became a part of course for the first time at university of Stanford. International business machine (IBM) spelled in the form of individual atom to represent the very idea was presented in 1989 and the concept was declared original and practical in national conference of engineering in 1989.

After the success of nanotechnology journal in 1990 the Japans STA started sponsoring and funding the nanotech projects which provided ease and confidence to the developers to better develop their projects. In 1991 the bottom up approach was announced by MITI Japan and the institute also committed $200 million at carbon nanotube discovery during the routine projects of nanotech. In 1992 the textbook for students and testimonials published also supported the concept very well; engineering

students started thinking atomically with the publication of the textbook. In 1995 first military application think tank was conceptualized by a panel of military engineers.196 grand prize 0f $250,000 was announced for the most genius machine developed by using nanotechnology. NASA begins working with its computational project on nanotech. First robot using nanotech systems was designed in 1997 which took the concept of nanotechnology a step ahead.

It was scientifically observed for the first time by the creation of the robot that nanotechnology and artificial intelligence can be combined to construct the best ever stimulation of human like machine. After the appearance of first report US government started officially supporting the nanotech development teams and implemented the concept even on regional basis in the continent of United States of America.

With the start of new century the nanotechnology provide the world the high advancements in the field of biology, chemistry, technology, medicine, literature, electronics and many others. The very recent development of nanotechnology is the bimolecular nanotechnology which holds great importance in the fundamental research in bio physics and computational improvements. In future the nanotechnology will play great role in discovering the new components and to enhance the existing technologies and this technology will last longer as its the latest one in the field of sciences. Although nanotechnology has significant impact in all fields of life, but it also has some major disadvantages that cannot be neglected. One of the biggest disadvantage that world is facing because of nanotechnology is the lack of employment in the fields of traditional farming and manufacturing and industrial sector because of the vast development in the nanotechnology (Kutcher, 2012). Nanotech devices and machines have taken place of human to work faster and accurately which has lessen the importance of men power in the field of practical work(this is where your explanation comes in).

# The underlined sentence is actually Kutchers words taken from one of the books he wrote in 2012 entitled, Nanotechnology: History and challenges. The book was published by Moores Publishing based in New York. # There are two ways of citing peoples words; you transfer it directly to your writing or you paraphrase it first before you use it in any of your writing. Either way, you have to acknowledge the writer (by mentioning his name, just like shown to you above). # Once you are done citing peoples words, dont just leave it hanging, do care to explain it a bit further so each of the idea/sentence in your writing could be connected(coherence/flow of writing). # Each of the name you have appear in your writing would have to be acknowledge again in your list of references. Please follow the handout given to you. # The above used citation will appear in your list of reference as: Kutcher, A. (2012). Nanotechnology: History and challenges (pp. 47-56). New York: Moores Publishing.

Note: When citing the sources, give the authors last name*(surname) or given name* or full name** and the year of the study or publication, and the page number if there is a direct quote. *Western or Chinese name: Use the authors last name(surname), for example(the above), (Kutcher, 2012) for Ashton Kutcher; (Yap, 2012) for Yap Ah Loy. **Indian name: Use the authors first name(given name), for example, (Sathiya, 2012) for Sathiya s/o Arasu. **Malay name: Use the authors full name or otherwise follow the authors citation of his/her name, for example, (Asri Tahir, 2012) for Asri Bin Tahir.

# Do provide a short/sufficient introduction for your writing before you proceed with your focus/actual content of your writing. # Good luck with your assignment 1!