PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL SATELLITE BAYAMBANG CAMPUS BAYAMBANG, PANGASINAN EVA D. SARMIENTO MAED-ECED BENITO S.

JUNIO DR. AMADO C. RAMOS PROFESSOR

EDF 202: Socio Anthropological Foundation of Education TOPIC: CULTURE & SOCIETY

WHAT IS CULTURE? (Ember , 1999) set of learned behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals that are characteristics of a particular society or population. (Calhoun, et al ,1994), learned of norms, values, knowledge, artifacts, language and symbols that are constantly communicated among people who share a common way of life. (Allan Johnson, 1996) the sum total of symbols, ideas, forms of expressions and material products associated with a collective way of life reflected in such things as beliefs, values , music, literate, art, dance, science, religious ritual and technology. (E.B. Taylor, ) a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals , law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. (Leslie A.), white refers to culture as an organization of phenomena which include the following. - patterns of behavior ( acts). - tools and things made by tools ( objects ). - beliefs, knowledge ( ideas). - attitudes , values ( sentiments) (Hunt et al, 1998) culture means the entire way of life of people and everything learned and shared by people in society. ( Hofstede 1997) culture consist of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behavior acquired and transmitted by symbols constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups. CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE 1. Culture is learned. 2. Culture is shared by a group of people. - thought or action to be considered cultural. It must be commonly shared by some population or group of individuals. 3. Culture is cumulative. - knowledge is stored and passed on from one generation to generation to the next and new knowledge is being added to what is existing. 4 .Cultures changes.

- --all cultural knowledge does not perpetually accumulate.

5. Culture is dynamic. - characteristics of culture that stems from its cumulative ever in a permanent state. It is constantly changing. quality. No culture is

6. Culture is ideational. - Culture is an ideal pattern of behavior which the members are expected to follow. Man assigns meanings to his environment and experiences by symbolizing them.

7. Culture is diverse. - The sum total of human culture consist of a great many separate cultures, each of them different. 8. Culture gives us a range of permissible behavior patterns. - Every culture allows a range of ways in which men and women can be women. Culture also tells us how different activities should be conducted . COMPONENTS OF CULTURE

1.COMMUNICATI ON Language Symbols

2. COGNITIVE Ideas Knowledge Beliefs Values Accounts

BEHAVIORAL

MATERIAL

Norms Mores Laws Folkways Rituals

Tools, Medicines Books

Transportation

Technologies

HOW IS CULTURE TRANSMITTED? Culture is transmitted through: 1. Enculturation 2. Acculturation 3. Assimilation

IMPORTANCE AND FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE

1. Culture helps the individual fulfill his potential as a human being. 2. Through the development of culture, man can overcome his physical disadvantages and allows him to provide himself with fire, clothing, food and shelter. 3. Culture provides rules of proper conduct for living in a society. 4. Culture also provides the individual his concepts of family, nation, and class.