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Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max. is loves gave Jennas grandfather ____ Max to her. Her grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter. found
SIMPLE PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
IRREGULAR VERBS
SIMPLE FORM
SIMPLE PAST
PAST PARTICIPLE
(a) I have worked very hard this year. (b) The students have worked hard. (c) Alex has worked very hard.
STATEMENT: have/has + past participle
(d) Ive/Youve/Weve/Theyve gone home. (e) Shes/Hes gone home. (f) Its been hot all week.
CONTRACTION : pronoun + have = ve
(g) I have not gone home yet. (h) Fatima has not gone home.
NEGATIVE: have/has + not + past participle
(g) I havent gone home yet. (h) Fatima hasnt gone home.
NEGATIVE: have/has + not + past participle NEGATIVE CONTRACTION:
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(j) Has Marcy gone home? (k) How long have you worked there?
QUESTION :
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(l)
SHORT ANSWER:
have/havent
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(m)
SHORT ANSWER:
has/hasnt
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PRESENT PERFECT
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PRESENT PERFECT
touch never
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PRESENT PERFECT
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PRESENT PERFECT
Yes, he ___. He saw one near Cape Town, has South Africa.
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MEANING #1 (a) Tyler has already taken his first steps. (b) Zoe hasnt walked by herself yet. (c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl? occurred before now or sometime in the past
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MEANING #1 (a) Tyler has already taken his first steps. (b) Zoe hasnt walked by herself yet. (c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl?
now before now time?
X
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MEANING #1
(d) Mary has painted portraits many times.
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MEANING #1 (d) Mary has painted portraits many times. (e) Her students have painted portraits twice.
now before now
XXX
X
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MEANING #2 (f) Weve been working since 8 oclock. (g) I have played the violin for six years. I learned to play six years ago, and I still play it. present perfect + past present
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since for
MEANING #2:
x
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OR ?
MEANING #2: A situation began in the past and continues to the present.
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OR ?
MEANING #2: A situation began in the past and continues to the present
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OR ?
MEANING #2: A situation began in the past and continues to the present
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SIMPLE PAST
unspecified time
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SIMPLE PAST
unspecified time
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SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT PERFECT
since last Monday. (f) Eli has been camping for 9 days. for / since activity began & continues
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SPECIFIED OR
UNSPECIFIED TIME
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SPECIFIED OR
UNSPECIFIED TIME
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SPECIFIED OR
UNSPECIFIED TIME
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since noon. since Wednesday. since April. since 2006. since May 9, 2007. since yesterday. since last week.
Since
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(g) Jim has played many sports since he tried soccer. Since time clause
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for fifty minutes. for five hours. for ten days. for about six weeks. for almost two months. for many years. for a long time.
For
length of time
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3 hours she was six Mary has been playing the piano she was six since ___________. Mary has been playing the piano three hours for ___________.
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for since I have driven a taxi _____ 2006. since My uncle has driven a taxi ____ thirty years. for
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(a) Dee has been working since 6 oclock. (b) She has been working for ten hours.
STATEMENT:
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(e) Mary has been playing since noon. (f) Mary has been playing for an hour.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(g)
(h) INCORRECT: It is belonging to Amy. (i) CORRECT: She has owned it for one month.
non-action verbs
progressive tenses
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use
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dance
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go
going Where are you _______for the summer holiday? going I am ______ to the beach. have been going I ______________ to the beach every summer since I was a child.
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These guys are hiking. They have been hiking for several days.
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(a) My cousin is hiking with his friends. They have been hiking for several days.
duration of present activities, action verbs PRESENT PERFECT
(b) My cousin has hiked many mountains. (c) INCORRECT: My cousin has been hiking many mountains.
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(d) The guys have known each other for ten years.
(e) INCORRECT: The guys have been knowing each other for ten years.
duration of present activities, non-action verbs
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(h) Rolf has been running every day since he was a child. OR Rolf has run every day since he was a child.
OR
Ive studied Spanish ever since I visited Mexico.
PRESENT PERFECT
live
How long has your family ______ here? ___ lived We __________ here for ten years. have lived
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live
been living How long has your family _________ here? ___ have been living We _____________ here for ten years.
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ALREADY
(a) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago. I already fed the dog.
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YET
(b) I usually feed the dog, but I havent fed him yet.
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STILL
(c) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago. He is still hungry. He still wants to eat.
(d) I liked classical movies when I was in college. I still like them. (e) It hasnt rained all week. It still isnt raining.
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STILL
(c) I fed the dog thirty minutes ago. He is still hungry. He still wants to eat. (d) I liked classical movies when I was in college. I still like them. (e) It hasnt rained all week. It still isnt raining.
situation continues to exist Position: midsentence
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ANYMORE
(f) I used to be a teacher, but I retired. I dont work anymore. does not continue Position: end of sentence
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ALREADY (a) I already fed the dog. YET (b) I havent fed him yet. ANYMORE (f) I dont work anymore. STILL (c) He is still hungry. (e) It still isnt raining.
She doesnt have any money. She _______ spent it all. already
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We used to be friends, but we had an argument. We dont like each other ________. anymore
already yet still anymore
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(b) The store had already closed when they arrived. FORM: had + past participle
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(c) Itd closed. Shed gone home. Hed gone home. Theyd gone home. Wed gone home. Youd gone home. CONTRACTION: I / you / she / he / it / we / they + d
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PRESENT PERFECT
before now now
PAST PERFECT
before noon
X noon X
(d) Im not cooking now. Ive already ordered pizza. occurred before now, at an unspecified time
(e) I was not cooking at noon. I had already ordered pizza. occurred before another time in the past
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he came home
PAST PROGRESSIVE
began waiting pizza arrived
PAST PERFECT
pizza arrived
I had already gone to bed when it started snowing. a. it started snowing ____ 2nd b. I went to bed ____ 1st
1st 2nd
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I tried to go shopping, but the store had closed. a. store closed ____ 1st 2nd b. tried to go shopping ____
1st 2nd
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A friend called to suggest a good movie. She had seen it last Friday. a. the friend saw the movie ____ 1st b. the friend called ____ 2nd
1st 2nd
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PHOTO CREDITS
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