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Tutorial 1

In this Tutorial we will Review:


Main Ship Terms and Definitions. Form Coefficients (Cb, Cw, Cm, Cp) TPC

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

ship is a floating marine unit which follows Archimedes


law of flotation; When a body is floating in equilibrium in still water there is a force acting upwards equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the weight of the body.

The term waterline generally refers to the line where the hull of a ship meets the water surface. Displacement () is the weight of the water that a ship displaces when it is floating. Displacement is measured in tonnes.

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Volume of Displacement () is the Volume of the water displaced by the ship. Volume of Displacement is measured in m.

Buoyancy is the term given to the up thrust exerted by the water on the ship, If a ship floats freely, the buoyancy is equal to the weight of the ship.

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Main Ship Terms & Particulars

After Perpendicular (AP): A perpendicular drawn to the waterline at the point where the aft side of the rudder post meets the summer load line. Where no rudder post is fitted it is taken as the center line of the rudder stock. Forward Perpendicular (FP): A perpendicular drawn to the waterline at the
point where the foreside of the stem (bow) meets the summer load line. Length Between Perpendiculars (LBP): The length between the forward and aft perpendiculars measured along the summer load line. Amidships: A point midway between the after and forward perpendiculars.

Length on WaterLine (LWL) : is the length on the waterline, at which the ship
happens to be floating, between the intersections of the bow and after end with the waterline. If not otherwise stated the summer load (or design) waterline is to be understood Length Overall (LOA): Length of vessel taken over all extremities.

Base Line: A horizontal line drawn at the top of the keel plate. All vertical

moulded dimensions are measured relative to this line. Moulded Beam: Measured at the midship section is the maximum moulded breadth of the ship. Moulded Draft: Measured from the base line to the summer load line at the midship section. Moulded Depth: Measured from the base line to the heel of the upper deck beam at the ships side amidships.

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Extreme Beam: The maximum beam taken over all extremities. Extreme Draft: Taken from the lowest point of keel to the summer load line.
Draft marks represent extreme drafts.

Freeboard: The vertical distance measured at the ships side between the

summer load line (or service draft) and the freeboard deck. The freeboard deck is normally the uppermost complete deck exposed to weather and sea which has permanent means of closing all openings, and below which all openings in the ships side have watertight closings. Sheer: Curvature of decks in the longitudinal direction. Measured as the height of deck at side at any point above the height of deck at side amidships. Camber (or Round of Beam): Curvature of decks in the transverse direction Measured as the height of deck at center above the height of deck at side.

Tumblehome: The inward curvature of the side shell above the summer
load line. Flare: The outward curvature of the side shell above the waterline. It promotes dryness and is therefore associated with the fore end of ship.

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Parallel Middle Body: The length over which the midship section remains
constant in area and shape. Gross Tonnage (GT) is a measure of the enclosed internal volume of the vessel (originally computed as 100 cubic feet per ton i.e 1ton = 100 ft.) while Net Tonnage (NT) is intended to give an idea of the earning or useful capacity of the ship.

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Form Coefficients ( Coefficients of Fineness)

Coefficients of form are dimensionless quantities used to relate the general shape of a ships hull through ratio's.. Block Coefficient (Cb ) Waterplane Area Coefficient (Cwp ) Midship Sectional Coefficient (Cm ) Prismatic Coefficient (Cp )

1.

2.

3.

4.

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Block Coefficient (Cb)

The block coefficient is the ratio of the volume of Displacement divided by the multiplication of the maximum Waterline length, beam and draft. Cb= /LBT where is the Volume of Displacement of the vessel L is Length of Ship at water line B is Beam of Ship at water line T is Draft of Ship at water It is an indication of hull fullness. A box shapped Vessel has a block Coefficient of 1

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Block Coefficient (Cb)

The Submerged Hull

The definition of the block coefficient Cb

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

The Midship sectional Coefficient is the ratio of the Immersed Transverse mid ship sectional area of the ship to the multiplication of the water line beam and draft. Cm= Am/BT Where AM is Immersed transverse Ship Area at Amidship B is Beam of Ship at water line T is Draft of Ship at water

Midship Sectional Coefficient (Cm)

The definition of the mid Ship Sectional Coefficient Cm

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

12

Water Plane Area Coefficient (Cw)


The waterplane area coefficient is the waterplane area divided by the multiplication of the length and the breadth of the ship at waterline. Cw= Aw/LB Where Aw is Waterplane area L is Length of ship at water line B is Beam of Ship at water line

The definition of the waterplane area Coefficient Cw

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Prismatic Coefficient (Cp)

The Prismatic coefficient is the ratio between the volume of displacement and the Multiplication of midship section and the ships length. It can also be defined as the ration between the block coefficient and the midship sectional coefficient Cp= /L*Am Where is the volume of displacement L is Length of ship at water line Am is the midship sectional area

Cp = Cb /Cm Tonnes per centimetre immersion (TPC): This is the mass required to increase or decrease a ship's mean draft by 1cm. TPC

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

100

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Form Coefficients ( Coefficients of Fineness)

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

Thank You

Tarek M. Hassan

26-Sep-12

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