Fall 2012 History 2463 Wednesday 2-4 GRADUATE READINGS IN 20th-CENTURY AFRICAN-AMERICAN HISTORY Prof.

Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham Office: Barker Center 230 Locke Room Email: ebhiggin@fas.harvard.edu Office Hours: Mondays, 1pm to 3pm, by Appointment Contact: lchaves@fas.harvard.edu In this graduate seminar we will read books and articles on topics that reflect the diverse experiences and ideologies of African Americans in the twentieth century. We will discuss and analyze differing historical interpretations and methodologies. We will also explore a variety of historical writings, e.g., biography, intellectual history, race and gender studies, labor history, transnational history, etc. Students are required to write a short report on a recommended reading each week, in addition to being prepared to discuss the required reading. A historiographic paper will be due at the end of the term. Required Readings Baldwin, Davarian. Chicago's New Negroes: Modernity, the Great Migration, and Black Urban Life (2007) Boyle, Kevin. Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, Murder in the Jazz Age (2005) James, Winston. Holding Aloft the Banner of Ethiopia: Caribbean Radicalism in Early Twentieth-Century America (1999) Hale, Grace Elizabeth. Making Whiteness: The Culture of Segregation in the South, 1890-1940 (1999)) Holloway, Jonathan. Confronting the Veil: Abram Harris, Jr., E. Franklin Frazier, and Ralph Bunche, 1919-1941 (2002) Kelly, Robin. Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists during the Great Depression (1990) Payne, Charles. I've Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle (2007) Rolinson, Mary G. Grassroots Garveyism: The Universal Negro Improvement Association in the Rural South, 1920-1927 (2007) Self, Robert. American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland (2005) Nikihl Singh. Black is a Country: Race and the Unfinished Struggle for Democracy (2004) Weekly Topics: September 5. INTRODUCTION September 12. DEBATES, THEORY, METHODOLOGY Perspectives: Strange Career of Jim Crow in Journal of American History 75 (December 1988): 841-868: Includes David Thelen, Introduction Howard Rabinowitz, More than the Woodward Thesis: Assessing the Strange Career of Jim Crow; and C. Vann Woodward, Strange Career Critics: Long May They Persevere.

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Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita and Clarence Lang ,The "Long Movement" as Vampire: Temporal and Spatial Fallacies in Recent Black Freedom Studies, Journal of African American History 92, No. 2 (Spring, 2007), pp. 265-288 Hall, Jacquelyn Dowd. The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past. The Journal of American History (March 2005): 1233-63 Edwards, Brent Hayes, The Uses of Diaspora, Social Text 66 (Spring, 2001) 45-73 Holt, Thomas. Marking: Race, Race-making, and the Writing of History, American Historical Review 100 (February 1995):1-20 Kurashige, Scott. The Many Facets of Brown: Integration in a Multiracial Society, Journal of
American History 91 (June 2004): 56-68

Brian McCammack, "My God, They Must Have riots on those Things all the Time: African American Geographies and Bodies on Northern Urban Public Transportation, 19151940, Journal of Social History 43 (2010):973-988 Russell, Thaddeus. The Color of Discipline: Civil Rights and Black Sexuality, American Quarterly, 60 (March 2008) 101-128 Scott, Daryll Michael, Postwar Pluralism, Brown v. Board of Education, and the Origins of Multicultural Education, Journal of American History, 91 (Jun., 2004): 69-82 Sugrue, Thomas J., Crabgrass-Roots Politics: Race, Rights, and the Reaction against Liberalism in the Urban North, 1940-1964, Journal of American History 82 (Sep., 1995):551-578 Interview with Nico Slate on Colored Cosmopolitanism at: http://www.historyforthefuture.org/wordpress/?p=976 September 19. ENTER JIM CROW Hale, Grace Elizabeth. Making Whiteness: The Culture of Segregation in the South, 1890-1940 (1999)) Recommended: Brundage, W. Fitzhugh, ed. Under Sentence of Death: Lynching in the South (1997) Cecelski, David S. and Timothy Tyson, ed. Democracy Betrayed: The Wilmington Race Riot of 1898 and Its Legacy (1998) Chafe, William et. al. Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell about Life in the Segregated South (2001) Feimster, Crystal. Southern Horrors: Women and the Politics of Rape and Lynching (2011) Litwack, Leon F. Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow (1999) Logan, Rayford W. The Betrayal of the Negro from Rutherford Hayes to Woodrow Wilson (1965, 1997) McMillen, Neil R. Dark Journey: Black Mississippians in the Age of Jim Crow (1990) Oshinsky, David. Worse than Slavery: Parchman Farm and the Ordeal of Jim Crow Justice (1996) Williamson, Joel. A Rage for Order: Black/White Relations in the American South since Emancipation (1986) Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 18901940 (2009) September 26. BEHIND THE VEIL Rolinson, Mary G. Grassroots Garveyism: The Universal Negro Improvement Association in the Rural South, 1920-1927 (2007)

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Recommended: Blum, Edward J. W.E.B. Du Bois: American Prophet (2007) Fairclough, Adam. Teaching Equality: Black Schools in the Age of Jim Crow (2001) Feldman, Lynne B. A Sense of Place: Birminghams Black Middle-Class Community, 1890-1930 (1999) Gaines, Kevin Kelly. Uplifting the Race: Black Leadership, Politics, and Culture in the Twentieth Century (996) Lewis, David Levering. W.E.B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868-1919 (1994) Giddings, Paula. Ida : A Sword Among Lions : Ida B. Wells and the Campaign against Lynching (2008) Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. Gender & Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920. (1996). Harlan, Louis R. Booker T. Washington: The Wizard of Tuskegee, 1901-1915 (1986) Higginbotham, Evelyn Brooks. Righteous Discontent: The Womens Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880-1920 (1994) Hunter, Tera W. To 'Joy my Freedom: Southern Black Women's Lives and Labors After the Civil War (1998) Kelly, Blair. Right to Ride: Streetcar Boycotts and African American Citizenship in the Era of Plessy v. Ferguson (2010) Ortiz, Paul, Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920 October 3. OF GREAT MIGRATIONS James, Winston. Holding Aloft the Banner of Ethiopia: Caribbean Radicalism in Early Twentieth-Century America (1999) Recommended: Best, Wallace D. Passionately Human, No Less Divine: Religion and Culture in Black Chicago, 1915-1952 (2007) Clark-Lewis, Elizabeth, and Deborah Baker (eds). Living In, Living Out: African-American Domestics and the Great Migration (1996) Gottlieb, Peter. Making Their Own Way: Southern Blacks Migration to Pittsburgh, 1916-1930 (1987) Gregg, Robert. Sparks from the Anvil of Oppression: Philadelphias African Methodists and Southern Migrants, 1890-1940 (1998) Gregory, James N. The Southern Diaspora: How the Great Migrations of Black and White Southerners Transformed America (2005) Griffin, Farah Jasmine. "Who Set You Flowin'?": The African-American Migration Narrative (1996) Grossman, James R. Land of Hope: Chicago, Black Southerners, and the Great Migration (1991) Lemann, Nicholas. The Promised Land: The Great Black Migration and How it Changed America (1992) Sernett, Milton C. Bound for the Promised Land: African American Religion and the Great Migration (1997) Trotter, Joe William, Jr. ed. The Great Migration in Historical Perspective: New Dimensions of

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Race, Class, and Gender (1991) Tuttle, William M., Jr. Race Riot: Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919 (1996) Wilkerson, Isabel. The Warmth of Other Suns (2010) Wolcott, Victoria. Remaking Respectability: African American Women in Interwar Detroit (2001) October 10. NEW NEGRO CULTURES: Baldwin, Davarian. Chicago's New Negroes: Modernity, the Great Migration, and Black Urban Life (2007) Recommended: Cooper, Wayne F. Claude McKay, Rebel Sojourner in the Harlem Renaissance: A Biography (1996) Davis, Thadious. Nella Larsen, Novelist of the Harlem Renaissance: A Womans Life Unveiled (1996) Dagbovie, Pero G. The Early Black History Movement: Carter G. Woodson and Lorenzo Johnston Greene (2007). Duberman, Martin. Paul Robeson: A Biography (2005) Edwards, Brent Hayes. The Practice of Diaspora: Literature, Translation, and the Rise of Black Internationalism (2003) Green, Adam. Selling the Race: Culture, Community, and Black Chicago, 1940-1955 (2009) Foley, Barbara. Spectres of 1919: Class and Nation in the Making of the New Negro (2003) Hutchinson, George. Harlem Renaissance in Black and White (1996) Jackson, Jerma A. Singing in My Soul: Black Gospel Music in a Secular Age. (2004); section on Rosetta Tharpe Nadell, Martha. Enter the New Negro (2004) Rampersad, Arnold. The Life of Langston Hughes: Volume I, 1902-1941: I, Too, Sing America (1986) October 17. ON THE LEFT Kelly, Robin. Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists during the Great Depression (1990) Recommended: Davies, Carol Boyce. Left of Karl Marx: The Political Life of Black Communist Claudia Jones (2008) Carter, Dan T. Scottsboro: A Tragedy of the American South (1979) Dillard, Angela D. Faith in the City: Preaching Radical Social Change in Detroit (2007) Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. Defying Dixie: The Radical Roots of Civil Rights 1919-1950 (2009) Goodman, James. Stories of Scottsboro (1995) Honey, Michael K. Southern Labor and Black Civil Rights: Organizing Memphis Workers (1993) Naison, Mark. Communists in Harlem during the Depression (2004) Mullen, Bill V. Popular Fronts: Chicago and African-American Cultural Politics, 1935-46 (1999) Painter, Nell I., Hosea Hudson. A Narrative of Hosea Hudson: His Life as a Negro Communist in the South (1981) Shaw, Nate. All God's Dangers: The Life of Nate Shaw [compiled by] Theodore Rosengarten (reprint 2000)

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Smethurst, James Edward. The New Red Negro: The Literary Left and African American Poetry,1936-1946 (1999)7 October 24. IN THE NEW DEAL ERA Holloway, Jonathan. Confronting the Veil: Abram Harris, Jr., E. Franklin Frazier, and Ralph Bunche, 1919-1941 (2002) Recommended: Arnesen, Eric. Brotherhoods of Color: Black Railroad Workers and the Struggle for Equality (2001) Burkholder, Zoe. Color in the Classroom: How American Schools taught Race, 1900-1954 (2011) Grant, Nancy. TVA and Black Americans: Planning for the Status Quo (1990) Greenberg, Cheryl Lynn. Or Does It Explode?: Black Harlem in the Great Depression (1997) Savage, Barbara Dianne. Broadcasting Freedom: Radio, War, and the Politics of Race, 19381948 (1999) Janken, Kenneth Robert. White: The Biography of Walter White, Mr. NAACP (2003) McNeil, Genna Rae, Groundwork: Charles Hamilton Houston and the Struggle for Civil Rights (1983) Poole, Mary. The Segregated Origins of Social Security: African Americans and the Welfare State. (2006) .Pritchett, Wendell. Robert Clifton Weaver and the American City: The Life and Times of an Urban Reformer (2008) Scott, Darryl. Contempt and Pity: Social Policy and the Image of the Damaged Black Psyche, 1880-1996 (1997) Sullivan, Patricia. Days of Hope: Race and Democracy in the New Deal Era (1996) Weiss, Nancy J. Farewell to the Party of Lincoln: Black Politics in the Age of FDR (1983) Wilson, Francille Rusan. The Segregated Scholars: Black Social Scientists and the Creation of Black Labor Studies, 1890-1950. (2006) October 31. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES Nikihl Singh. Black is a Country: Race and the Unfinished Struggle for Democracy (2004) Recommended: Anderson, Carol. Eyes off the Prize: The United Nations and the African American Struggle for Human Rights, 1944-1955 (2003) Borstelmann, Thomas. The Cold War and the Color Line: American Race Relations in the Global Arena (2001) Dudziak, Mary L. Cold War Civil Rights: Race and the Image of American Democracy (2002) Gaines, Kevin K. American Africans in Ghana: Black Expatriates and the Civil Rights Era (2008) Jackson, Walter A. Gunnar Myrdal and Americas Conscience: Social Engineering and Racial Liberalism, 1938-1987 (1994) Keppel, Ben. The Work of Democracy: Ralph Bunche, Kenneth B. Clark, Lorraine Hansberry, and the Cultural Politics of Race (1995) Lentz-Smith, Adriane. Freedom Struggles: African Americans and World War I (2009) Rosenberg, Jonathan. How Far the Promised Land: World Affairs and the American Civil Rights Movement from the First World War to Vietnam (2006)

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Plummer, Brenda Gayle. Rising Wind: Black Americans and U.S. Foreign Affairs, 1935-1960 (1996) Slate, Nico. Colored Cosmopolitanism: The Shared Struggle for Freedom in the United States and India (2012) Von Eshcen, Penny. Race Against Empire: Black Americans and Anticolonialism, 1937-1957 (2001) Novemeber 7. THE URBAN CRUCIBLE Boyle, Kevin. Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, Murder in the Jazz Age (2005) Recommended: Hirsch, Arnold Richard. Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940-1960 (1998) McGreevy, John T. Parish Boundaries: The Catholic Encounter with Race in the TwentiethCentury Urban North (1998) Mumford, Kevin J. Interzones: Black/White Sex Districts in Chicago and New York in the Early Twentieth Century (1997) Sugrue, Thomas J. Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit (2005) Wolcott, Victoria W. Remaking Respectability: African American Women in Interwar Detroit (2001) ***** TBA PRESENTATION OF PAPER PROPOSALS TBA *****

November 14. LOCAL HISTORIES OF THE SOUTHERN CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT Payne, Charles. I've Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle (2007) Recommended: Carson, Clayborne. In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s (1995) Chafe, William H. Civilities and Civil Rights: Greensboro, N.C. and the Black Struggle for Freedom (1981) Cecelski, David S. Along Freedom Road: Hyde County, North Carolina & the Fate of Black Schools in the South (1994) Chappell, David L. A Stone of Hope: Prophetic Religion and the Death of Jim Crow (2004) Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi (1995) Korstad, Robert. Civil Rights Unionism: Tobacco Workers and the Struggle for Democracy in the Mid-Twentieth Century South (2003) Brown-Nagin, Tomiko. Courage to Dissent: Atlanta and the Long History of the Civil Rights Movement (2011) Tyson, Timothy B. Radio Free Dixie: Robert F. Williams and the Roots of Black Power (2001) November 21. NO CLASS November 28. RETHINKING THE NORTH AND WEST Self, Robert O. American Babylon: Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland (2005) Recommended: Biondi, Martha. To Stand and Fight: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Postwar New York City (2003)

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Countryman, Matthew J. Up South: Civil Rights and Black Power in Philadelphia (2005) Dillard, Angela. Faith in the City: Preaching Radical Social Change in Detroit (2007) Joseph, Peniel E. Waiting Til the Midnight Hour: A Narrative History of Black Power in America (2007) Felicia Kornbluh, The Battle for Welfare Rights: Politics and Poverty in Modern America (2007) Kurashige, Scott. The Shifting Grounds of Race: Black and Japanese Americanism in the Making of Multi-ethnic Los Angeles (2008) Lipsitz, George. A Life in the Struggle: Ivory Perry and the Culture of Opposition (1995) Meier, August and Elliot M. Rudwick. CORE: A Study in the Civil Rights Movement, 1942-1968 (1975) Sugrue, Thomas J. Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North (2008) Theoharis, Jeanne and Komozi Woodard, eds. Freedom North: Black Freedom Struggles Outside the South (2003) Williams, Rhonda Y. The Politics of Public Housing: Black Womens Struggles against Urban Inequality (2005) Woodard, Komozi, A Nation Within a Nation: Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones) and Black Power Politics (1999) FINAL PAPERS DUE DECEMBER 11