S p r i n k l e r - C A L C Release 7.

1 Win User's Manual and Tutorial TABLE OF CONTENTS SUBJECT PAGE

ADDITIONAL FLOWS . . . . . . . . . 4-6 AUTOMATIC PEAKING OF REMOTE AREA . 4-8 BOOSTER / FIRE PUMPS . . . . . . .4-6 BRANCH TYPE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . 5-1 C-FACTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 CONTEXT SENSITIVE HELP . . . . . . 5-1 COPY, DELETE, RE-NAME JOBS . . . . 1-2 COPY OR CUT AND PASTE PIPE DATA. .11-1 DELETING LINES OF PIPE DATA . . . 5-1 DIAMETERS. . . . . . . . . . 4-2, 4-7 EDITING . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 ERROR MESSAGES . . . . . . . . . 10-1 ESFR SPRINKLERS . . . . . . . . 13-1 FITTINGS AS EQUIVALENT FT.OF PIPE 4-7 GRID ESTIMATE . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 GRID SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 HYDRANT FLOW TEST . . . . . . . 12-1 HYDRAULIC REFERENCE POINTS . . . . 4-2 INSERTING EXTRA LINES OF PIPE DATA 5-1 IN-RACK SPRINKLERS . . . . . . . 4-11 INSTALLATION OF Sprinkler-CALC . . 3-1 JOB FILE NAME OR NUMBER . . . . . 4-3 LARGE DROP SPRINKLERS . . . . . .13-2 LARGE K FACTORS . . . . . . . . . 4-9 MAIN MENU FEATURES . . . . . . . . 1-1 MINIMUM FLOW PER SPRINKLER . . . . 4-2 MIXING K FACTORS . . . . . . . . 4-11 NON-DENSITY SYSTEMS . . . . . . . 4-4 NUMBERING OF SPRINKLERS . . . . . 4-8 OUTSIDE / INSIDE HOSE 4-4, 4-6 OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 PIPE TYPE (Selecting). . . . . . . 4-7 PRINTING A SUPPLY DEMAND CURVE . . 5-12 PRINTING INPUT DATA (Main Menu-File) PRINTING THE CALCULATION RESULTS . 5-12 RESIDENTIAL SYS.(Main Menu View\Print) SAMPLE JOB . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 SOFTWARE PROTECTION . . . . . . 2-1 STANDPIPES (Main Menu Help-View Print) SPRINKLERS SECTION . . . . . . . . 4-8 UN-INSTALLATION OF Sprinkler-CALC 2-1 VELOCITY PRESSURE. . . . . . . . . 9-1 YOUR FIRST CALCULATION JOB . . . . 5-1

CHAPTER ONE Page 1-1 MAIN MENU OF SPRINKLER-CALC The Main Menu displays a menu bar at the top of the screen with five items, each of which has a pull down feature. Whenever a pull down option is highlighted with the curser bar, you may view the function on the task bar located at the bottom of the screen. FILE: The initial display shows the first item " File " highlighted with 5 pull down options. You will note that the first character of each option is highlighted to tell the user which keyboard key to press to activate that item . The Enter key is also used to activate any of the options. The pull downs include : NEW: Select this key to open or start a new job. OPEN: To edit an existing job. Clicking this option will display a list of jobs from which to select. CALCULATE: To calculate an existing job. Clicking this option will dispay a list of jobs from which to select. PRINT INPUT DATA: Will print the input data for the specified job. EXIT: Will return you to the CALCS prompt. EDIT: By pressing the right arrow key, the cursor on the menu bar will advance to the next item which is edit, containing two pull down options: JOB: This key performs the same function as open. It allows you to select an existing job for editing. CONFIGURATION: Allows the user to change the configuration of the Program which includes: What data disk you want used for storage of data (the input data of the jobs that have been input), company name, slogan, address, color monitor and printer type , such as a laser, which includes Ink Jet printers or dot matrix. CALCULATE: Select this when a job has been input and is ready to be calculated. Performs same function as the menu item CALCULATE.

Page 1-2 UTILITIES: This item has a pull down with 5 options: GRID ESTIMATE: For determining the pipe diameters for a grid sprinkler system. HYDRANT FLOW: This Hydrant Flow test program allows you to enter a static and residual readings from a hydrant flow test, the program will calculate the flow based on the pressures entered, as well as the flow available at 20 psi. K FACTOR: This is a conversion program that will ask for a pressure and flow and will give you the K Factor, or if you enter the K and the flow it will return the pressure or given the pressure and K, will give you the flow. BRANCH: This program that allows you to calculate along a single line, with outlets, and will produce the results of the calculation and the K factor. It will not display the results on the screen, however, it will print out the the results. The user may calculate by density and pressure per sprinkler, pressure and k factor, or by a flow and pressure. The normal numbering system associated with Sprinkler-CALC is not followed with this program. Start at the end outlet with reference number one and follow sequentially until the end, at which time you will enter a zero. It is used mostly to determine the K factor at the tee on the branch line where a Sprig, riser nipple, or arm-over exists, when all drops , spring or arm-overs are typical. JOB MANAGER: This option permits the user to copy, Rendame, or Delete jobs, withut having to exit from the program.

Page 1-3 HELP: The last item has two options: VIEW \ PRINT MENU: This item has six options as follows: Dwelling Sprinkers, Residential Sprinklers, In-Rack Sprinklers, Standpipes, the User's Manual and one set of Input Forms. When viewing the Manual, it ispossible to jump to the next chapter or previous chapter by selecting on of two boxes provided for this purpose. Any of these six options may viewed, and then printed, by clicking the print button. This will offer several options such as how many copies are desired, print all or certain pages, etc. WHAT TO DETERMINE PRIOR TO CALCULATING A SPRINKLER SYSTEM 1 The authority having jurisdiction. Important because each major insurance co. has their own rules pertaining to density and area of application. The occupancy, associated density and area of operation. What type of system would best suit the conditions. Branch, loop or grid layout. The most economical spacing of sprinklers and lines, and what type of Sprinklers and what K factor to use. This is contingent on the water supply, high pressure low flow or low pressure high flow, occupancy, and in many cases the authority having jurisdiction. The location of the remote area, enter sufficient reference numbers for 3 or 4 design areas to prove the location of the most remote area. Actually the most demanding design area. In other words the design area that requires the most pressure to operate. The length of the design area. NFPA stipulates that the length of the design area shall be 1.2 times the square root of the design area, however, the HPR Highly Protected Risk insurance companies, such as FM, IRI Kemper and others, require the length of the design area for a grid system, be 1.4 times the square root of the design area. The type of pipe to be used. Schedule 5, 10, 40, X-L, etc. The starting point of the calculations. Normally at the connection to the public main, however, this may vary depending on the location of the residual reading of the hydrant flow test.

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The Water supply. Static pressure, residual pressure and flow, plus the elevation difference between the static and residual pressure readings, and the elevation difference between the residual reading and the elevation of the finished floor where the floor flange is located. The elevation difference of the static reading and residual; reading if any, and the slope of the main into the building. It is understood that the hydrant residual reading is at the same elevation as the finished floor, where the riser floor flange is located. If the riser floor flange is in the basement, then it is assumed that the residual reading is also at this same elevation. If not, then adjustments must be made in the elevation difference between the two. What standard to f ollow. This may sound unnecessary, however, there are so many standards, it is important to know which to follow. A simple statement such as, NFPA is not sufficient. We have NFPA 13, 13-D, 13-R, 231, 231-C, & D, and rules for ESFR Sprinklers as well as Quick Response Sprinklers and Extra Large Orifice sprinklers. FM , Kemper , IRI ,UL and ULC ?

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WHO OR WHAT IS ISO

ISO, Insurance services Office, is the designation of the Fire Insurance RATING BUREAU. The ISO does not make their own rules , instead follow the standards of the NFPA and Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.. Basically ISO sets the rates for properties that are insured by stock insurance companies. FM is the designation of the Factory Mutual Insurance companies, of which there are three. Allendale Insurance is the largest, followed by Arkwright Insurance ,and last is Protection Mutual Insurance, the smaller of the three. The Factory Mutual Corporation, is a FM owned organization to perform all inspections and engineering for the Factory Mutual Insurance Companies. IRI, Industrial Risk Insurers, is not an insurance company , but is an association of the stock insurance companies , that pool their resources, including profits and losses. Each of the many stock companies co ntribute in proportion to their participation. The actual Underwriting , engineering, inspections, and loss adjustments are made by IRI personnel.

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UL, is the designation of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. a national testing and listing organization, that is owned and operated by the stock insurance companies. At one time UL granted approval to items or devices that passed their high standards, however, UL now uses the term LISTED in lieu of Approval. ULC is the designation of Underwriters Laboratories of Canada. When dealing with fire protection it is important to differentiate between an item that is UL Listed and something that is UL Listed for fire protection. The listing granted by UL is for the use of the product. An example that I like to use is a wood step ladder, which bears the Listed label of UL. It may be UL Listed but you wouldn't want to use as part of a fire protection system installation. . SPRINKLER SELECTION: Selecting the correct sprinkler for the project is a critical part of the design process. Due to the rapid advancement of the technical aspects of fire protection, we now have hundreds of sprinklers to select from. The first step in the selection process is to determine what sprinkler is better suited for the particular project. The next step is to then determine what sprinkler is approved by the authority for the particular occupancy or application. The types of sprinklers presently available from one of many manufacturers, are as follows: Basic types of sprinklers: Upright & pendent, recessed, semi-recessed, flush, concealed, sidewall, horizontal sidewall, horizontal sidewall recessed, pendent, vertical sidewall, and extra large orifice. Dry type sprinklers: Dry pendent, dry pendent recessed, dry horizontal sidewall, dry concealed. Extra Hazard Extra Large Orifice Sprinklers: Extra large orifice upright.

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Light Hazard Extended Coverage sprinklers : Pendent , recessed, horizontal sidewall, recessed horizontal sidewall. Ordinary Hazard Extended coverage Sprinklers: Extra large orifice upright, extra large orifice pendent, extra large orifice recessed. Storage sprinklers: ESFR pendent, extra large orifice, intermediate level upright or pendent, intermediate level with sprinkler guard upright or pendent. Residential Sprinklers: Pendent, recessed, flush, concealed, horizontal sidewall, and flush horizontal sidewall. Institutional Sprinklers: Pendent , horizontal sidewall. In addition to the above types of sprinklers, there are three releasing methods; soldered links, glass bulbs, and center strut devices.

CHAPTER 2 Page 2-1

Sprinkler-CALC may be installed on any number of computers. The program may be Un-installed from the hard disk drive by selecting the UNINSTALL program in the Sprinkler-CALC directory.

. CHAPTER 3 Page 3-1

Use the install procedure by following the instructions on the disk label. To Install the program, do the following: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Start Windows Insert the Sprinkler-CALC in Drive A: or B:; For Win. 3.1, click Run from the Program Manager Menu. For win. 95, click Start from the task bar, then click Run. Type A:\CALC72 Click OK. When the installation is complete you may select the SprinklerCALC Icon and double-click it. This will start Sprinkler-CALC. Click Start, then Programs, then click the Calcs 7, Icon. or B:\CALC72, in the Command Line text box

Page 3-2 Previous jobs entered in US units may be calculated, by selecting a PIPE TYPE for the underground mains only. For metric users it is necessary that a PIPE TYPE be selected for every pipe, unless actual internal diameters were originally entered. For your convenience, we have printed the diameter and fitting codes at the top of the input form, therefore, it is necessary to print a copy of the INPUT form, before entering a new job. When the program is loaded, select Help from the Main Menu, then the View / Print Menu. Select the User's Manual, then click the print button. Do the same for One set of Input forms. Sprinkler-CALC complies with NFPA 13- 1964, 6-4.3, for US fittings, therefore, the equivalent length of pipe for fittings will not match NFPA table 6-4.3.1 because NFPA only lists the fittings equivalent lengths of pipe for SCHEDULE 40 THREADED pipe. The program also complies with the FOC rules pertaining to diameters and fittings. We suggest that first time users edit and / or calculate the two tutorial jobs on the disk. Job # 1 & 1000, or in metric, Job # 2 & 2000, to see how the program works. These two jobs are outlined in detail in the manual. The most mportant item is the numbering of the junctions. Once this is understood, it is possible to calculate any type of water based system. The Main Menu will appear on the screen awaiting your selection. The various options may be selected by pointing with a mouse or by typing the highlighted letter of the option. When the option has been selected, press <Enter>. To change the configuration, after the install procedure has been completed, select EDIT, from the Main Menu, then Configuration. Follow the on screen instructions.

CHAPTER 4 Page 4-1 Overview Sprinkler-CALC is a sprinkler hydraulic program that will calculate branch, looped, or gridded sprinkler layouts, or any combination thereof. Prior to inputting the data for processing by the computer, it is necessary to develop certain basic criteria as follows: 1.The "K" factor or "K" factors of the sprinklers to be used. 2.The quantity of sprinklers in the design area. 3.The minimum flow per sprinkler in the design area. 4.The "C" factor of the pipe to be used. 5.The Type of Pipe, Schd'l 5, 10 , 40, X-L, etc. and Pipe diameters. 6.Hydraulic reference point numbers. "K" FACTOR If the pressure and flow required at the sprinkler, is known, and the "K" factor is unknown, use the following formula. K = ( Q / square root of P). (See Main Menu UTILITIES). Quantity Of Sprinklers In The Design Area The quantity of sprinklers in the design area depends on spacing and the size of the design area, in sq ft (sq m) NFPA standards require the length of the design area to be be 1.2 x the square root of the design area, for all systems. Certain insurance authorities require the length of the design area for a gridded system to be 1.4 x the square root of the design area. EXAMPLE: Design area 2500 sq ft (232.25 sq m) Sprinkler spacing 9'6"(2.8956m) center to center. Sprinkler lines spaced 10'0" (3.048 m) center to center. Total coverage per sprinkler = 95 sq ft (8.8255 sq m). 2500 sq ft / 95 sq ft (232.25 sq m / 8.8255) = 26.32 sprinklers in the design area. Round up to 27 sprinklers. Length of design area = square root of 2500 x 1.2 = 60'0" (232.25 sq m x 1.2 =18.288 m). 60 feet / 9'6" (18.288 / 2.896) = 6.32 sprinklers per line in design area. Round up to 7 sprinklers. 27 sprinklers in the design area divided by 7 sprinklers per line = 3.86 lines in the design area. 3 lines with 7 sprinklers each, plus (27-21 = 6) one line with 6 sprinklers.

Page 4-2 Minimum Flow Per Sprinkler The minimum flow per sprinkler is arrived at, by use of the formula D x A, where D = Density. A = Area in Sq ft (sq m) of coverage per sprinkler. The flow may be determined by multiplying the required density by the sq. foot ( sq. meter) coverage of the sprinkler. For non-density systems, such as "in-rack" sprinklers, multiply the "K" of the sprinkler by the square root of the pressure to be applied at the sprinkler. This will establish the minimum sprinkler flow. "C" Factor The "C" factor to be used depends on the pipe material, age of the pipe and type of system. New pipe for a wet system has a "C" factor of 120. Older pipe with a rough interior is less, new pipe for dry pipe systems has a "C" factor of 100. Exception: Pipe that is galvanized on the interior, and installed in a dry system, has a " C" factor of 120. Refer to N.F.P.A. Standard #13, F.O.C., or other applicable standard. Approximate Pipe Diameters The grid estimate program will develop the approximate pipe diameters for a grid system. For systems other than a grid, it is necessary to estimate the approximate pipe diameters. It is best to estimate larger diameters than may be necessary for the first attempt. If the estimate is too small, excessive pressure demands may result and calculations may not terminate. The calculations may require less time with pipes a little larger. When the calculations are completed, the results may be viewed to determine if changes are desired. Hydraulic Reference Points Each pipe junction, change of elevation, change of pipe diameter and sprinkler in the design area, must be assigned a hydraulic reference point. It is best to assign the hydraulic reference points on the sprinkler drawing before the input data form is completed. The estimate portion of Sprinkler-CALC will suggest reference point numbers for a conventional grid system only. For layouts other than a conventional two cross main grid, it is necessary that the user assign the reference point numbers.

Page 4-3 The numbering system commences at the point of supply and MUST start with Number 1. Sprinkler-CALC has a capacity of 1,000 pipes and / or sprinklers combined. The highest reference point number to be used is 1,000 minus the number of sprinklers in the design area. It is best to use groups of numbers. For example, underground mains, feed riser, feed main, etc., could be from number 1 to 10. Cross main junctions could be numbered from 11 to 55. Branch lines and sprinklers may start with any number. If you have Sprinkler-CALC print out a grid system estimate schematic, the schematic will show the sprinkler numbers starting at 151. THIS IS ONLY A SUGGESTED NUMBERING ARRANGEMENT. It is not essential that the reference numbers be assigned sequentially, however, such a method does reduce input time and allows the computer to automatically input those pieces of pipe which are typical in length, diameter and fittings. Sprinkler-CALC permits assignment of reference numbers to as many sprinklers as desired. Indicate which sprinklers are in the design area by use of line 209, 219, 229, 239, etc.. Once these parameters are established, the input of the data, to describe the system, may begin. A form has been prepared to simplify the data input procedure. See PRINT MENU under UTILITIES, on the Main Menu. After the reference points are marked on the drawing, complete the input data form, which contains the same questions that will be displayed on the screen as follows: Type in Job I.D. (File Name or Number) The Job I.D. may be a number, a name or a combination of both. It may be as long as desired, but Sprinkler-CALC will only read the first word or first group of numbers up to the first space. Throughout this manual, rference will be made to click onto something or other. If desired, the items may be selected from the keyboard also, by pressing th Alt. key and at the same time typing the letter that is underlined. When the job is ready to be input, select FILE from the Main Menu, then NEW. The Create New JOB dialog box will appear, in which you will type the File Name , or as we call it, the JOB name or number, press enter or click on OK. If an existing job name or number is entered in error, the program will so advise you.

Page 4-4 This is followed by the General Information Section. first statement is, Job Description. The

This is a one line statement that is printed at the top of the calculation printout. Type the job name , job number, date, etc. Do not exceed 64 characters including spaces. The next question is, Units ( English or Metric): Click on the arrow in the adjacent box and selct English or Metric. A question pertaining to non-density systems follows, and includes the following: Dwellings NFPA 13D, Residential Sprinklers NFPA 13R, Standpipes NFPA 14, In-Rack Sprinklers NFPA 231-C, Large Drop Sprinklers, or ESFR Sprinklers ? (Y/N). Click Yes or No in the adjacent box. The next question will be, How Many square Feet/Meters in the design area. Type the answer in the adjacent box. Then a question is asked about friction loss for a backflow preventer, meter or similar device. This item may also be used to include friction loss for a detector check valve, or a meter. Select Yes or No by clicking the appropiate answer in the adjacent box. Then type how much friction loss to include. It will then ask for the reference point assigned to the INLET side of the device. When all questions are answered, click on H2O Supply. The screen will now display 11 boxes with the following statements: (1) (2) (3) (4) Static Pressure. (Pressure with no flow). Residual Pressure.(Pressure with a flow occuring). Flow. Gage Elevation. (This refers to the elevation difference between the flow test static pressure gage and the flow test residual pressure gage). Enter zero (0) if there is none.

For a positive difference, enter the difference in (feet/meters). If the residual pressure gage is lower than the static pressure gage enter a (-) negative sign, followed by difference in feet or meters. (5) Outside Hose

NOTE: This refers only to a hose stream allowance at the source, Reference Point # 1. If the outside hose flow allowance is at a yard hydrant or any location other than Reference Point #1, enter a 0 (zero), and enter the outside hose allowance on line 6. See the additional flows section page 4-6.

Page 4-5 (6) C-Factor

This is the default coefficient of friction that will be assigned to all pipes automatically. This feature may be overridden by use of the "C" factor box in the 8th column of the pipe data input. This allows the user to specify the "C" factor desired for any particular pipe, or pipes, line by line, such as for underground pipes, which have a higher "C" factor than interior pipe. (7) (8) (9) (10) Density (Omitted for non-density systems.) Max Spacing Between Spkl'r. Heads (Omitted for non-density sys) Max spacing Between Branch Lines (Omitted for non-density sys) Sprinkler Flow (Minimum Per Sprinkler)

The minimum flow will be displayed on the screen. Simply press the <Enter> key. ( For non-density sprinkler ). systems, type the required minimum flow per

If the "K" factor is 5.6 and the minimum flow per sprinkler is less than 14.81 gpm, the sprinkler pressure will be less than 7 psi. If this occurs, increase the density. ( Density x spacing of srinklers x spacing of sprinkler lines = flow.) (11) Number Of Pumps

This pertains to BOOSTER PUMPS. A booster pump is one taking suction from a public main. If no booster pumps are to be calculated, type 0 (Zero), otherwise type the total quantity of pumps, up to a maximum of three, and fill in the appropriate boxes. Note A Fire Pump, takes suction from an independent water supply such as a water storage tank or a pond, not to be confused with booster pumps. To calculate a Fire Pump, without an actual pump test, enter the manufacturers data on line # 2, and enter a zero in the last column. The program will skip the entry for booster pumps. When entering the static pressure, type in 110% of the rated pressure of the pump. For the residual pressure enter 65% of the rated pressure of the pump, and for the flow, enter 150% of the rated capacity of the pump.

Page 4-6 To enter pump data from an actual pump flow test, for either a Fire Pump or a Booster Pump, the "Shut Off" or "Churn Pressure" is the static pressure, and for the residual pressure and flow, enter the lowest residual pressure and the greater flow. When following the above procedures, enter a zero for the number of pumps on line No. 2 of the input form. The starting point of the calculations, Ref. Point # 1, will be at the discharge side of the pump. Although the program will use any flow and pressure from the curve produced by the above procedure, the pump can not deliver more than 150% of the rated capacity. It, therefore, is the responsibility of the user to be certain that the total demand does not exceed 150 % of the rated capacity of the pump. When using data from a Fire Pump test, reduce the static and residual pressure, by the amount of head pressure lost by reduction in the water level of tank water during the water supply duration. Additional Flows Data Section Line No. 6 and 7. This pertains to the quantity of additional flows, which may be for inside hose streams, in-rack sprinklers, standpipes, or a yard hydrant. Ten additional flow entries are permitted, 5 on line 6 and 5 on line 7. The program will prompt for the reference number at which the additional flow allowance is to occur, then the flow. When the additional flows data Section has been completed, Click on the Pipes box, or Done, located at the top right of the screen. The first line of pipe information to be entered is Line # 8, A total of 200 UNIQUE pipes may be entered on lines 8 to 208. The pipe data questions are as follows: (1) Number of pipes: This pertains to all the pipes that are to be numbered sequentially and are typical in diameter, length, fittings, thickness and C factor. (2) First Ref. Pt.: This will be the REF PT at the first end of a pipe, regardless if there is only one pipe or if there are multiple typical pipes, described on the line. (3) Second Ref. Pt.: end of the same pipe. This will be the number at the other

Page 4-7 EXAMPLE: If a cross main is being entered with 10 typical pipes and the 1ST REF PT number for the 10 pipes is #11, the 2nd REF PT would be 12. If 20 typical riser nipples are being entered, only describe the first such pipe. The Ref. Pt. at the bottom of the pipe (first end) may be 11 and the Ref. Pt. at the top (second end) may be 31, in which case the next pipe will automatically be numbered as 12 to 32 and the next 13 to 33, etc. (4) Pipe type: Press F-2 to view a list of pipe types, move the cursor bar to the desired type and press enter to select. (5) Pipe diameter: Type the numerical codes for interior pipes or underground mains, or the actual internal diameter. NOTE: , DO NOT enter an integer if actual internal diameters are being entered. All such entries must be a decimal number. (6) Fittings: Fittings may be entered as a code, or as an equivalent length of pipe. Four coded fittings may be entered per pipe line. If the fittings are threaded, type one T following the codes. When entering equivalent length of pipe, type a minus sign proceeding the actual equivalent length, this tells the program that the number entered is the equivalent length and not a code. Use a C factor of 120 when entering the equivalent length of the fittings. Sprinkler-CALC will convert our entry to the C factor you entered for that particular line. (7) Length: Enter the center to center dimension of the pipe in decimal feet (or meters). EXAMPLE: A length of pipe 10'4" would be entered as 10.33. would be entered as 6.5. (8) Elevation Change: at elevation 0 (zero). 6-1/2 meters

This entry assumes that REF PT #1 is

( The difference in elevation, if any, of the static pressure gage and the residual pressure gage for the flow test should have been entered on Line #2 ). Do not enter the (+) sign if there is a positive elevation change (from a lower elevation to a higher elevation). If the elevation change is negative, from a higher level to a lower level, such as from the top of a riser nipple to the bottom of a riser nipple, it is necessary that the elevation change in decimal feet (or meters) be preceded by a negative sign (-). 9) Do not make an entry on this line, except to overide whatever value was entered in the 'C' Factor box on line # 2. When the pipe data entry is completed , click on Sprinklers in the box locagted at the top right of the screen. The program will then exit from the pipe data section and advance to the Sprinkler Data section.

Page 4-8 Sprinkler Design Area This entry is a list of the K factor, amount of sprinklers and the starting reference point for the sprinklers, in the design area or theoretically flowing. It is not necessary to list all the sprinklers in the design area. If the sprinklers are numbered sequentially, it is only necessary to enter the K factor, total amount of sprinklers and the starting sprinkler reference point number. If the spacing of sprinklers is irregular, it is best to assign reference point numbers to a greater amount of sprinklers than would normally be in the design area. By so doing, it is then possible to calculate more than one area, by indicating the sprinkler reference numbers that apply to other design areas. If the job has more than one design area, follow the input form and the questions on the screen. Up to 9 separate design areas may be input. There is an optional routine for which you will be prompted, to permit the computor to automatically select the most remote design area, commonly refered to as the remote area. If Sprinkler-CALC automatically selects the most remote design area, all the design areas that have been input, will be calculated, but the printout will only reflect the results of the most remote area, with a summary of the pressure and flow for the design areas before and after the remote area. The program will calculate the first design area, then the second, and the third, etc., assuming each successive design area requires a higher pressure than the preceding design area. Use of this function to calculate gridded systems is suggested. CAUTION IS ADVISED, however, when using this feature for systems with an unequal quantity of sprinklers in the various design areas, because when a design area is found that requires less pressure than the preceding design area, the search ends. Example: Four design areas are calculated as follows:

1st area 15 sprinklers 2nd area 14 sprinklers 3rd area 17 sprinklers 4th area 20 sprinklers. With this arrangement:

Page-4-9 The Search Will end following The 2nd. Area. The 3rd & 4th areas, which in fact are hydraulically more demanding than the 1st. area, will not be calculated. HINT: If there is only ONE DESIGN AREA and when at the Calculation Options dialog box, you place a check in the small square box located to the left of the question, " Locate most remote Design area", it will not print the SPRINKLER SYSTEM ANALYSIS, which is normally the first page of the calculations. This feature is handy if you have no need for the analysis section. It is possible to calculate flows through yard mains simulating the flow of an entire sprinker system through one sprinkler, by use of a large K Factor. There is a limit on the size of a K factor. This varies with the number of pipes, reference points, etc. To avoid any problems with calculations of this type, we suggest that large flows be broken down by simulating two or more equal flows, through two or more sprinklers. The K Factor for any flow with a given pressure, may be established by selecting UTILITIES, from the Main Menu, then 'K' FACTOR. Before entering a new job, there are 4 points to clarify: 1. When a command is typed, it usually is followed by pressing <Enter>, however, this is not true in every instance, such as when selecting options from the Main Menu. 2. We will be using the numeral 0 (zero), NOT THE LETTER O.

3. YES/NO questions, may be answered with a capital Y/N, or lower case y/n. 4. It is not necessary to save the input, it will be saved automatically. If a mistake is made while inputting, or editing a job, move the cursor to the appropriate box and retype the desired value. To make changes, use the mouse to move the cursor to whatever box is to be changed, or if the computer is not equipped with a Mouse, press the NumLock key (unless your keyboard has separate arrow keys) and use the UP/DOWN arrows. Press the NumLock key again to resume normal use of the Numeric Key Pad." This feature allows the use of the numeric key pad for numeric data entry and the use of the up/down arrows to move the cursor anywhere on the screen, to make changes while entering the job. Actual internal pipe diameters may be input, or, for faster entry, a diameter code may be used. NOTE: Do not use an integer to input a pipe by the actual internal diameter. Actual internal diameters must be input with a decimal value. To do otherwise will cause Sprinkler-CALC to interpret the entry as a coded diameter.

Page 4-10 Also, when inputting the actual internal diameter of the pipe, the fittings MUST be entered as an equivalent length of pipe. A simple way to remember is as follows: If codes are not used to enter diameters, don't use codes for fittings. Fittings may be input as equivalent length of pipe, or as a code. The code is faster and saves time. More importantly, when fittings are input as a code, and the diameter of the pipe is changed, the fittings will NOT have to be changed. A number input as a fitting, proceeded by a negative sign, will be interpreted as the actual equivalent length of pipe. NOTE: When entering Equivalent Lengths Of Pipe for Fittings, Use the Equivalent Lengths with a C-Factor Of 120. Sprinkler-CALC will automatically adjust the equivalent lengths for the "C" factor entered in the "C" factor box. Code For Fittings 1 = 45 Degree Elbow 2 = 90 Degree Standard Elbow 3 = Tee 4 = Butterfly Valve 5 = Gate Valve 6 = Swing Check Valve

The friction loss of fittings varies with the type of pipe to which it is attached, and if it is threaded or non threaded. Four coded fittings may be entered in each fitting box. Don't separate the numbers with spaces, commas, dashes, slashes. It dosn't matter in which order the codes are entered. A 45 degree elbow, a tee, a gate valve and a swing check valve, may be input as 1356 or 1653 or any combination thereof. All reference points on the sprinkler layout must be numbered prior to completing the input form. Although the reference points may be numbered in any manner desired, the numbering sequence is an important consideration in the amount of time required for data entry and for editing. The following numbering sequence is recommended. Start at the supply with Reference Point #1 and number the reference points sequentially, through the underground, into the building, up the riser and toward the design area. (See the schematic of Sample sprinkler System, JOB #1, and the copy of the actual input and output for this sample job in Chapter 5.)

Page 4-11 Multiple pipes that are typical (same diameter, same fittings, same length and same C factor), may be input on one line of information. Sprinkler-CALC has the capability of calculating more than one "K" factor in each design area, however, only one density, spacing of sprinklers, spacing of sprinkler lines and minimum flow per sprinkler, may be entered on Input Line 2. Assume a job includes sprinklers at the ceiling level with a density of 0.30 gpm per sq. ft. (12.22 mm/min) with sprinkler coverage of 100 sq. ft. per sprinkler (9.29 sq m) and a minimum sprinkler flow of 30 gpm (113.56 lpm) with sprinklers having a "K" factor of 8.0. (115) Assume an in-rack sprinkler system at a lower elevation with sprinklers having a K factor of 5.6.(80). To complicate the situation, the in-rack protection is based not on a density, but a minimum end head pressure of 15 psi (1.03 bars). Because the in-rack sprinklers will require a minimum of 21.688 gpm (82.08 lpm), it is suggested that the data on Line #2 be entered as follows: Density 0.217 (8.84 mm/min), Spacing of Sprinklers 10 '(0.3048 meters) and Spacing of lines 10 '(0.3048 meters). This will produce a minimum flow per sprinkler of 21.7 gpm (82.14 lpm). Calculate the job and review the results of the calculations to determine at what flow and pressure the ceiling sprinklers are operating. Although the in-rack sprinkler demand may be satisfied, the requirement for the ceiling system must not be overlooked. Based upon the above data, the in-rack sprinklers will deliver the minimum flow of 21.7 gpm (82.14 lpm) at 15.01 psi (1.034 bars). The ceiling sprinklers will deliver at least 30.96 gpm (117.2 lpm) at 14.97 psi (1.032 bars) which is slightly higher than the required minimum of30 gpm (113.56 lpm ) at 14.06 psi (.96 bars ); therefore, the above design is satisfactory. A similar situation occurs where large orifice sprinklers are calculated on the same pipe with sprinklers with a smaller orifice. Only one density can be entered on Line #2, therefore, the user must check the results of the calculations to assure that the required flow and pressure is delivered to all sprinklers in the design area. If the density, spacing and flow entered on Line #2 represents a smaller orifice sprinkler than others in the design area, it will usually be necessary to increase the density to obtain the required flow and pressure at the sprinklers with the larger orifice.

CHAPTER 5 Page 5-1 Sample Job Lets do the sample job included on the disk in U.S. Units as 1.job and also in Metric Units, as 2.job. Sketches of the small sample job, start on page, 5-3. With the C> on the screen type CD\CALCS, Then Press <Return>, next type MENU Then Press <Return>. With a mouse, click on whatever option is desired, or else move the highlighted bar by use of the arrow keys to whatever option is desired, then press <Enter>. Select FILE, from the Main Menu, then New, then type the File name, then press Enter or click on OK. Type in the information exactly as shown on page 5-6 to 5-7. (5-8 and 5-9) When at the last item of the General Information Section, click on H2O Supply. If at any time a mistake is made, simply move the cursor to the particular box, and make the change. The cursor may be positioned by use of a mouse or arrow keys. If in doubt as to what response to make in any particular box, move the cursor to the box and press the F2 key. An explanation for that particular item will then be displayed. Complete the H2O supply section then click on the Pipes box. When the cursor is in the PIPE TYPE column, press the F-2 key, to display the various types of pipe that may be selected. Move the cursor bar to the pipe type desired and press enter, or the pipe type may be entered by typing in the number associated with the Pipe type. It is possible to insert as many additional lines of pipe data as needed , without loosing continuity. To do so, with the cursor in any box on the line to be inserted, click the ADD LINE box. A space will be created for a new line and the pipe line numbers will be re-numbered sequentially. To remove a line of pipe data, do the same, except click the REMOVE LINE box. The line of pipe data will be eliminated and the pipe lines will be re-numbered. When finished with the pipe data section, click on the Sprinklers Box.

Page 5-2 When the first Sprinkler design area is completed, starting at line 209 click on next to advance the program to the entry for the next design area, which starts at line 219. When all design areas are accounted for, type done. This tells the program that there are no additional design areas. See line No. 6, on page 5-6 and line No 209 on page 5-7 (5-8 and 5-9). When the input for the Sprinkler Data section is completed, click on Done, located at the bottom right of the screen, and indicate if you want the changes saved, by clicking the appropriate choice in the Confirm dialog box.

Page SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB # 1 Public Main | 11 14 | 5|-------0----------0 | 3 | 1 |--------2------(|) 4 | ^ | 12 15 | | 6|-------0----------0 | | | This is the | pipe described | on line #8 of | 13 16 the pipe data 7|-------0----------0 section page 5-7 & 5-9 Public Main 11 14 | 5|-------0----------0 | | | 3 | 1 |--------2------(|) 4 | ^ | 12 15 | | 6|-------0----------0 | | This is the / | pipe described | on line #9 of | 13 16 the pipe data 7|-------0----------0 section page 5-7 & 5-9

5-3

Public Main 11 14 | 5|-------0----------0 | | | 3 | 1 |--------2-------(|) 4 | / | 12 15 | / 6|-------0----------0 / | This is the | riser described | on line #10 of | 13 16 the pipe data 7|-------0----------0 section page 5-7 & 5-9

Page 5-4 SAMPLE SPRINLER SYSTEM JOB # 1 Public Main \ \ 11 14 ----->| 5 |-------0----------0 | | | 3 | 1 |--------2------(|) 4 ------> | 12 15 | 6 |-------0----------0 | | This is the | pipe described | on line #11 of | 13 16 the pipe data 7 |-------0----------0 section page 5-7 & 5-9

Public Main \ \ 11 14 ----->| 5|-------0----------0 | | | 3 | 1 |--------2------(|) 4 | | 12 15 | 6|-------0----------0 | This is the --------->| pipe described | on line #12 of | 13 16 the pipe data 7|-------0----------0 section page 5-7 & 5-9

Page 5-5 SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB # 1 Public Main \ \ 11 14 ----->| 5|-------0----------0 | | | 3 | 1 |--------2------(|) 4 | | 12 15 | 6|-------0----------0 | / \ | |----------------| | | \ / 13 16 7|-------0----------0

These two pipes are described on line # 13 of the pipe data section page 5-7 & 5-9

Public Main \ \ 11 14 ----->| 5|-------0----------0 | | | 3 | 1 |--------2------(|) 4 | | 12 15 | 6|-------0----------0 | / \ | |----| | | 13 \ / 16 7|-------0----------0

These two pipes are described on line # 14 of the pipe data section page 5-7 & 5-9

Page 5-6 _____________________________________________________________________________ | General Information Section | | | | Job Description:[ SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 1 02/01/96 ] [ General ] | | | | Units (English or Metric): [ English ] [ H2O Supply] | | | | Is this job for a non-density system, such as : [ Pipes ] | | Dwellibngs NFPA-13D, Residential Sprinklers NFPA-13R, | | Standpipes NFPA-14, In-Rack Sprinklers NFPA 231-C, [ Sprinklers] | | Large Drop Sprinklers, OR ESFR Sprinklers ? (Y/N) [ No ] | | | | How Many Square Feet/ Meters In the Design Area ? [ 400 ] | | | | What is the reference number at the | | inlet of the base of the riser ? [ 3 ] | | | | Do you want to include friction loss for | | a backflow preventer, meter or similiar device [ No ] | | | | How much friction loss do you want to include ? psi [ ] | | | | What is the reference number at the inlet of the device [ ] [ Done ] | |_____________________________________________________________________________| H2O Supply _____________________________________________________________________________ | Line Static Res. Flow Gage Outside C Density Spklr Line Spklr No Of | | Elev Hose Fac SpacE Space Flow Pumps | |_____________________________________________________________________________| | 2 | 70 | 60 | 750| 0| 100| 120| 0.15 | 10 | 10| 15 | 0 | |______|______|______|____|____|_____|______|_______|_____|____|______|_______| From To Line No. Rated Pressure Rated Flow Ref.Point # Ref. Point # ____________________________________________________________________ |__3____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__4____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__5____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________|

Booster Pump Data Section

Line No. Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow _____________________________________________________________________________ |6 | | | | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| |7 | | | | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| Additiional Flows Data Section (Inside Hose, Rack Sprinklers, Yard Hydrant).

Page 5-7 ____________________________________________________________________________ | Pipe Information | | For PIPE TYPES, press F-2 when cursor is in the PIPE TYPE column. | |____________________________________________________________________________| | Line No.Of 1ST 2nd. Pipe Pipe Fittings Length Elev. C | | No. Pipes Ref.Pt. Ref.Pt. Type Dia. add T for (ft) Change Factor | | Thr'd Fit | |____________________________________________________________________________| | 8 1 1 2 111 10 35 50 0 140 | | 9 1 2 3 111 10 2 50 0 140 | | 10 1 3 4 2 6 56 14 15 | | 11 1 4 6 1 3 3 5 | | 12 1 6 7 1 2 0 10 | | 13 2 6 12 1 1 3 5 | | 14 2 12 15 1 1 0 10 | | 15 | |_16_________________________________________________________________________|

____________________________________________________________________________ | Design Area | | 1 | | Num. Ref. Num. Ref. Num Ref Num Ref. | | Line K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point | | NO. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. | |____________________________________________________________________________| |209 5.6 2 12 5.6 2 15 0 | |210 | |211 | |212 | |213 | |214 | |215 | |216 | |217 | |218 | |____________________________________________________________________________|

Page 5-8 _____________________________________________________________________________ | General Information Section | | | | Job Description:[ SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 2 02/01/96 ] [ General ] | | | | Units (English or Metric): [ Metric ] [ H2O Supply] | | | | Is this job for a non-density system, such as : [ Pipes ] | | Dwellibngs NFPA-13D, Residential Sprinklers NFPA-13R, | | Standpipes NFPA-14, In-Rack Sprinklers NFPA 231-C, [ Sprinklers] | | Large Drop Sprinklers, OR ESFR Sprinklers ? (Y/N) [ No ] | | | | How Many Square Feet/ Meters In the Design Area ? [ 37.16] | | | | What is the reference number at the | | inlet of the base of the riser ? [ 3 ] | | | | Do you want to include friction loss for | | a backflow preventer, meter or similiar device [ No ] | | | | How much friction loss do you want to include ? psi [ ] | | | | What is the reference number at the inlet of the device [ ] [ Done ] | |_____________________________________________________________________________| H2O Supply _____________________________________________________________________________ | Line Static Res. Flow Gage Outside C Density Spklr Line Spklr No Of | | No Elev Hose Fac Space Space Flow Pumps | |_____________________________________________________________________________| | 2 |4.826 |4.127 |2839| 0 |378.54| 120| 6.111 |3.048|3.048|56.78| 0 | |______|______|______|____|____|______|_____|_______|_____|_____|_____|_______| From To Line No. Rated Pressure Rated Flow Ref.Point # Ref. Point # ____________________________________________________________________ |__3____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__4____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__5____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________|

Booster Pump Data Section

Line No. Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow _____________________________________________________________________________ |6 | | | | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| |7 | | | | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| Additiional Flows Data Section (Inside Hose, Rack Sprinklers, Yard Hydrant).

Page 5-9 _________________________________________________________________________ | Pipe Information | | For PIPE TYPES, press F-2 when cursor is in the PIPE TYPE column. | | | |Line No Of 1 St. 2nd. Pipe Pipe Fittings Length Elev. C | |No. Pipes Ref Pt Ref Pt Type Dia. add T for Change Factor| | Thr'd Fit | |_________________________________________________________________________| | |8 1 1 2 303 10 35 15.24 0 140 | |9 1 2 3 303 10 2 15.24 0 140 | |10 1 3 4 201 6 56 4.267 4.572 | |11 1 4 6 202 3 3 1.524 | |12 1 6 7 202 2 0 3.048 | |13 2 6 12 202 1 3 1.524 | |14 2 12 15 202 1 0 3.048 | |15 0 | | | |_________________________________________________________________________|

____________________________________________________________________________ | Design Area | | 1 | | Num. Ref. Num. Ref. Num Ref Num Ref. | | Line K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point | | NO. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. | |____________________________________________________________________________| |209 81 2 12 81 2 15 | |210 | |211 | |212 | |213 | |214 | |215 | |216 | |217 | |218 | |____________________________________________________________________________|

Page 5-10 Upon completion of the Sprinkler Data, click on Done, and confirm if you wish to save changes. Select JOB or OPEN, to view or edit the input data. This brings up the Open Job file. Type The Job Number, Then Press Enter or click on OK. The General Information Section will be displayed. If input errors are detected when viewing the input data, move the cursor to the appropriate box and change the entry. When completed with the General Inforamtion Section, Click on H2O, then Pipes, and then Sprinklers. Let's assume that the input looks satisfactory, or any errors have been corrected, the job is now ready to be calculated. Click on Done. Click on Calculate from the Main Menu, then click, start calculations. A list of jobs will appear, select the job to calculate , then enter or click on OK. Select from three calculation options as follows: Print Input Data. Include Velocity Pressure. ( See P-9-1 ). Locate Most Remote Area. ( see P-4-8 ). If the first option is checked x, the printer will list each pipe individually (see Page 5-14 & 5-19), as opposed to a print out of available from Print Input Data, from the Main Menu. This will print what was actually typed in, (see Page 5-7 & 5-9). When the pipe data for JOB # 1 of one pipe, but line 13 was 2 the next REF PT was 12. (Line same diameter, length and type was entered, most entries consisted pipes. The first REF PT was 6 and #13 has two branch lines with the of fittings).

Click Print Input Data, then click OK. The actual internal diameters of pipe and equivalent length of fittings will be printed for review, along with the pipe type, reference points, the C factor, length and elevation. The resulting printout may be used as an aid to detect input errors that are otherwise difficult to detect. The computer will beep when the relults are ready, and they will appear on the screen for your review. To print, click on the Print button. A print option screen will allow you to select how many copies are desired, etc. Click on OK when ready. If a printout of the water supply /demand graph is desired click on Graph. To return to the Main Menu, click on the small X located in the top right hand corner of the screen.

Page 5-11 This Page Left Blank Purposely

Page 5-12

The results of the calculations may be scrolled up or down by the arrow keys or the Page Up and Page down keys. When reviewing Page #1 of the printed calculation, note that the minimum density provided by the system is 0.337 gpm per sq. ft. with a pressure remaining of 0 psi, page two, however, shows a minimum density of 0.15 gpm per sq. ft. with 49.86 psi remaining. Page #1 is the results of an advanced feature that requires no extra effort by the user. Sprinkler-CALC analyzes the system to determine the maximum discharge capability. This feature is most valuable for use on existing pipe schedule systems. This feature, however, may be omitted if there is only one design area, by checking the Locate most remote Design area box. If calculation results appear satisfactory, click the Print box. If a water supply /demand graph is desired, click on the Graph box, and when the graph appears on the scren, click on the print button. If the computer is configured to print on a dot matrix type printer, the graph will print out on a full page, however, if the graph is printed on a Laser type printer, the graph will only print at the top 1/2 of the page.

Page 5-13 Pages 5-14 through 5-18 are copies of the input and printout, for Job 1, in U.S. units and pages 5-19 through 5-23 are printout pages in Metric units for Job 2.

Page 5-14 SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 1 02/01/96 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) STATIC PRESSURE (psi) = 70 (2) RESIDUAL PRESSURE (psi) = 60 (3) RESIDUAL FLOW (gpm) = 750 (4) ELEVATION OF RESIDUAL PRESURE GAGE (ft) = 0 (5) OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW ( AT SUPPLY ) (gpm) = 100 (6) C-FACTOR = 120 (7) DENSITY (Gpm/sq. Ft.) = 0.15 (8) MAX. SPACING BETWEEN SPRINKLERS (ft.) = 10 (9) MAX. SPACING BETWEEN SPRINKLER LINES (ft.) = 10 (10) MIN. FLOW ( PER SPRINKLER) (Gpm) = 15 (11) NUMBER OF BOOSTER PUMPS = 0 ADDITIONAL FLOWS NONE REF. PT. GPM

DESIGN AREA NO. 1: K FACTOR ( For Pressure Measured in psi) = 5.6 ____________________________________________________________________ OPERATING SPRINKLERS: 12 13 15 16 ____________________________________________________________________ FROM 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 12 13 TO 2 3 4 6 7 12 13 15 16 PIPE TYPE 111 111 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 DIA. in. 6.400 6.400 3.260 1.610 1.380 1.049 1.049 1.049 1.049 HW-C 140 140 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 LENGTH FITS ft. 50.0 35 50.0 2 14.0 56 5.0 3 10.0 0 5.0 3 5.0 3 10.0 0 10.0 0 EQV. ft. 57.9 5.6 22.8 6.4 0.0 4.2 4.2 0.0 0.0 ELEV. ft. 0.0 0.0 15.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Page 5-15 WALSH ENGINEERING, INC. Professional Fire Protection Engineers 25 Terre Mar Dr. N. Kingstown, RI 02852-7159 USA H Y D R A U L I C C A L C U L A T I O N S S H E E T

C O V E R SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 1

02/01/96 S U P P L Y

W A T E R STATIC PRESSURE (psi) RESIDUAL PRESSURE (psi) RESIDUAL FLOW (gpm) 70 60 750

B O O S T E R NUMBER OF BOOSTER PUMPS 0

P U M P S

S P R I N K L E R S MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLERS (ft) 10 MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLER LINES (ft) 10 SPECIFIED DISCHARGE DENSITY (gpm/sq. ft.) .15 THIS SPRINKLER SYSTEM WILL DELIVER A DENSITY OF 0.15 gpm/sq. ft. FOR A DESIGN AREA OF 400 SQ. FT. OF FLOOR AREA THIS SYSTEM OPERATES AT A FLOW OF AT THE BASE OF THE RISER (REF. PT. 62.67 gpm AT A PRESSURE OF 3) 19.53 psi

PIPES USED FOR THIS SYSTEM ====================================== 111 DUCTILE IRON (350) 002 SCHEDULE 10 001 SCHEDULE 40

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Page 5-16 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers

SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM

JOB 1

02/01/96 PAGE 1

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ SPRINKLER SYSTEM ANALYSIS TO SHOW THE MAXIMUM DENSITY AVAILABLE WITH ZERO PRESSURE REMAINING ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [ ] TEST AREA 1 REF. PT. 12 13 15 16 K 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA ELEV. ft 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 FLOW gpm 36.40 35.24 34.80 33.67 PRESSURE psi 42.25 39.60 38.61 36.14

THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 70.00 60.00 240.11 68.79 68.79 0.00 psi psi gpm psi psi psi AT AT AT 750.00 gpm 240.11 gpm 240.11 gpm

140.11 gpm 100.00 gpm 0.00 gpm 0.337 gpm/sq. ft.

Page 5-17 Professional Fire Protection Engineers SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 1 02/01/96 PAGE 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS AT SPECIFIED DENSITY ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [ ] TEST AREA 1 REF. PT. 12 13 15 16 K 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA ELEV. ft 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 FLOW gpm 16.33 15.78 15.55 15.00 PRESSURE psi 8.51 7.94 7.71 7.17

alsh Engineering, Inc.

SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS 62.67 gpm THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 70.00 60.00 162.67 69.41 19.55 49.86 psi psi gpm psi psi psi AT AT AT 750.00 gpm 162.67 gpm 162.67 gpm 100.00 gpm 0.00 gpm 0.150 gpm/sq. ft.

[C] Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 1 02/01/96 PAGE 3

Page 5-18

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FITTING Equivalent Length per NFPA 13 1994, 6-4.3 '-' Indicates Equivalent Length. 'T' Indicates Threaded Fitting 1=45 Elbow, 2=90 Elbow, 3='T'/Cross, 4=Butterfly Valve, 5=Gate Valve, 6=Swing Check Valve ============================================================================================= FROM TO FLOW PIPE FITS EQV. H-W PIPE DIA. FRIC. ELEV. FROM TO DIFF (gpm) (ft) (ft) C TYPE (in) (psi) (psi) (psi) (psi) (psi) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 2 62.67 50.00 35 57.03 140 111 6.400 0.000 0.000 19.55 19.54 0.01 2 3 62.67 50.00 2 15.55 140 111 6.400 0.000 0.000 19.54 19.53 0.01 3 4 62.67 14.00 56 22.78 120 2 3.260 0.004 6.500 19.53 12.86 0.17 4 6 62.67 5.00 3 6.40 120 1 1.610 0.134 0.000 12.86 11.34 1.52 6 7 30.78 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.076 0.000 11.34 10.59 0.75 6 12 31.89 5.00 3 4.20 120 1 1.049 0.308 0.000 11.34 8.51 2.83 7 13 30.78 5.00 3 4.20 120 1 1.049 0.288 0.000 10.59 7.94 2.65 12 15 15.55 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.049 0.081 0.000 8.51 7.71 0.80 13 16 15.00 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.049 0.076 0.000 7.94 7.17 0.76

A MAX. VELOCITY OF 11.83 ft./sec. OCCURS BETWEEN REF. PT. Sprinkler-CALC Release 7.1 WIN By Walsh Engineering Inc. Kingston, R.I. U.S.A. [U]

6 AND 12

Page 5-19 SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM METRIC JOB 2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) STATIC PRESSURE (bars) = 4.82 RESIDUAL PRESSURE (bars) = 4.137 RESIDUAL FLOW (lpm) = 2839 ELEVATION OF RESIDUAL PRESURE GAGE (m) = OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW ( AT SUPPLY ) (lpm) = C-FACTOR = 120 DENSITY (Mm/min.) = 0.61118 MAX. SPACING BETWEEN SPRINKLERS (m.) = MAX. SPACING BETWEEN SPRINKLER LINES (m.) = MIN. FLOW ( PER SPRINKLER) (lpm) = 56.7804 NUMBER OF BOOSTER PUMPS = 0 REF. PT. lpm 02/01/96

0 379 3.048 3.048

ADDITIONAL FLOWS NONE

DESIGN AREA NO. 1: K FACTOR ( For Pressure Measured in bars) OPERATING SPRINKLERS: FROM 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 12 13 TO 2 3 4 6 7 12 13 15 16 PIPE TYPE 303 303 201 202 202 202 202 202 202 12 13 HW-C (m) 140 140 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 15 LENGTH (m) 15.2 15.2 4.3 1.5 3.0 1.5 1.5 3.0 3.0 16

= 81

DIA. (mm) 162.052 162.052 82.804 40.894 35.052 26.645 26.645 26.645 26.645

FITS 35 2 56 3 0 3 3 0 0

EQV. (m) 17.0 3.6 7.0 2.4 0.0 2.1 2.1 0.0 0.0

ELEV. 0.0 0.0 4.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Page 5-20 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers 17 Roberts Court Kingston, RI 02881 USA H Y D R A U L I C C A L C U L A T I O N S S H E E T 02/01/96 S U P P L Y

C O V E R SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM METRIC JOB # 2 W A T E R STATIC PRESSURE (bars) RESIDUAL PRESSURE (bars) RESIDUAL FLOW (lpm) 4.82 4.137 2839

B O O S T E R NUMBER OF BOOSTER PUMPS 0

P U M P S

S P R I N K L E R S MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLERS (m) MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLER LINES (m) SPECIFIED DISCHARGE DENSITY (mm/min.) 3.048 3.048 6.1118

THIS SPRINKLER SYSTEM WILL DELIVER A DENSITY OF 6.111875 mm/min. FOR A DESIGN AREA OF 37.16 SQ. M. OF FLOOR AREA THIS SYSTEM OPERATES AT A FLOW OF 238.46 lpm AT A PRESSURE OF 1.45 bars AT THE BASE OF THE RISER (REF. PT. 3) PIPES USED FOR THIS SYSTEM ====================================== 303 CENTRIFUGALLY CAST DUCTILE IRON (SCREWED FLANGES) BS 4772 201 STEEL BS 1387 MEDIUM 202 STEEL BS 1387 HEAVY

&l0O &k10H


Page 5-21 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM METRIC JOB # 2 02/01/96 PAGE 1

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ SPRINKLER SYSTEM ANALYSIS TO SHOW THE MAXIMUM DENSITY AVAILABLE WITH ZERO PRESSURE REMAINING ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [ ] TEST AREA 1 REF. PT. 12 13 15 16 K 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA ELEV. m 4.57 4.57 4.57 4.57 FLOW lpm 132.18 127.76 125.18 121.02 PRESSURE bars 2.68 2.51 2.41 2.25

THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 4.82 4.14 885.14 4.74 4.74 0.00 bars bars lpm bars bars bars AT AT AT 2839.00 lpm 885.14 lpm 885.14 lpm

506.14 lpm 379.00 lpm 0.00 lpm 13.039 mm/min.

Page 5-22 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM METRIC JOB # 2 02/01/96 PAGE 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS AT SPECIFIED DENSITY ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [ ] TEST AREA 1 REF. PT. 12 13 15 16 K 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA ELEV. m 4.57 4.57 4.57 4.57 FLOW lpm 62.47 60.29 58.92 56.78 PRESSURE bars 0.60 0.56 0.53 0.50

THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 4.82 4.14 617.46 4.78 1.45 3.33 bars bars lpm bars bars bars AT AT AT 2839.00 lpm 617.46 lpm 617.46 lpm

238.46 lpm 379.00 lpm 0.00 lpm 6.112 mm/min.

[C] Page 5-23 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM METRIC JOB # 2 02/01/96 PAGE 3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FITTING LEGEND '-' Indicates Equivalent Length. 'T' Indicates Threaded Fitting 1=45 Elbow, 2=90 Elbow, 3='T'/Cross, 4=Butterfly Valve, 5=Gate Valve, 6=Swing Check Valve ============================================================================================= FROM TO FLOW PIPE FITS EQV. H-W PIPE DIA. FRIC. ELEV. FROM TO DIFF (lpm) (m.) (m.) C TYPE (mm) (b/m) (bars) (bars) (bars) (bars) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 2 238.46 15.24 35 12.98 140 303 154.680 0.000 0.000 1.45 1.45 0.00 2 3 238.46 15.24 2 5.73 140 303 154.680 0.000 0.000 1.45 1.45 0.00 3 4 238.46 4.27 56 4.58 120 201 80.680 0.000 0.448 1.45 0.99 0.01 4 6 238.46 1.52 3 2.44 120 202 40.230 0.010 0.000 0.99 0.86 0.13 6 7 117.07 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.006 0.000 0.86 0.80 0.06 6 12 121.39 1.52 3 1.54 120 202 25.680 0.026 0.000 0.86 0.60 0.26 7 13 117.07 1.52 3 1.54 120 202 25.680 0.024 0.000 0.80 0.56 0.24 12 15 58.92 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 25.680 0.007 0.000 0.60 0.53 0.07 13 16 56.78 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 25.680 0.006 0.000 0.56 0.50 0.06

A MAX. VELOCITY OF 3.9 m/sec OCCURS BETWEEN REF. PT. Sprinkler-CALC Release 7.1 WIN By Walsh Engineering Inc. Kingston, R.I. U.S.A. [U]

6 AND 12

Page 5-24 When the results of the calculations are printed and reviewed, the input may be edited, including diameters, pipe data, water supply data, etc., by selecting option OPEN or EDIT, then JOB, from the Main Menu and moving the cursor to whatever box needs changing. Let's insert a booster pump between REF PT #1 and #2 to see how easy it to add or delete a pump or change the pressure or flow. Select OPEN or EDIT, then click the job name or number, then Press enter or OK. The General Information Section will now be displayed. We do not want to edit anything on this menu so click on H2O supply. Move the cursor to the last entry box on line # 2 and type a 1, then press <Enter> Next move the cursor to the first box of the Booster Pump Data Section, line 3, Rated Pressure. For data entered in U.S. Units, type 50, for Metric units, type 3.447. In the next box ,Rated Flow, for U.S. Units type 250, for Metric units type 946.35. In the adjacent box, From Ref. Point #, type 2. In the last box, to Ref. Point #, type 3. When completed click Done, to return to the Main Menu. To recalculate, Select CALCULATE from the Main Menu and follow the on screen prompts. When calculating actual jobs, after the results of the final calculations are printed, print a copy of the input for future reference, by selecting File, then Print Input Data Main Menu. If a job is deleted in error, or if there is a need to make changes later, a copy of the input will be most valuable. To input a larger system taking advantage of the capability of inputting multiple pipes that are typical, change the input as shown on the next page. See the sketch on page 5-27.

Page 5-25 _________________________________________________________________________ | Pipe Information | | For PIPE TYPES, press F-2 when cursor is in the PIPE TYPE column. | | | |Line No Of 1 St. 2nd. Pipe Pipe Fittings Length Elev. C | |No. Pipes Ref Pt Ref Pt Type Dia. add T for Change Factor| | Thr'd Fit | |_________________________________________________________________________| | |8 1 1 2 111 10 35 50 0 140 | |9 1 2 3 111 10 2 50 0 140 | |10 1 3 4 1 6 56 14 15 | |11 1 4 6 1 3 3 5 | |12 1 6 7 1 2 0 10 | |13 4 8 12 1 3 3 5 | |14 4 12 16 1 2 0 10 | |15 4 16 20 1 1 0 10 | |16 4 20 24 1 1 0 10 | |_________________________________________________________________________|

____________________________________________________________________________ | Design Area | | 1 | | Num. Ref. Num. Ref. Num Ref Num Ref. | | Line K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point | | NO. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. | |____________________________________________________________________________| |209 5.6 16 12 | |210 | |211 | |212 | |213 | |214 | |215 | |216 | |217 | |218 | |____________________________________________________________________________|

Page 5-26 _________________________________________________________________________ | Pipe Information | | For PIPE TYPES, press F-2 when cursor is in the PIPE TYPE column. | | | |Line No Of 1 St. 2nd. Pipe Pipe Fittings Length Elev. C | |No. Pipes Ref Pt Ref Pt Type Dia. add T for Change Factor| | Thr'd Fit | |_________________________________________________________________________| | |8 1 1 2 303 10 35 15.24 0 140 | |9 1 2 3 303 10 2 15.24 0 140 | |10 1 3 4 202 6 56 4.267 4.572 | |11 1 4 6 202 3 3 1.524 | |12 5 6 7 202 2 0 3.048 | |13 4 8 12 202 3 3 1.524 | |14 4 12 16 202 2 0 3.048 | |15 4 16 20 202 1 0 3.048 | |16 4 20 24 202 1 0 3.048 | |_________________________________________________________________________|

____________________________________________________________________________ | Design Area | | 1 | | Num. Ref. Num. Ref. Num Ref Num Ref. | | Line K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point | | NO. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. | |____________________________________________________________________________| |209 81 16 12 | |210 | |211 | |212 | |213 | |214 | |215 | |216 | |217 | |218 | |____________________________________________________________________________|

Page 5-27 Illustration to show expansion of Sample Sprinkler System Job # 1 Public Main | | | 5|-------0----------0---------0---------0 | | | 3 | 1 |--------2------(|) 4 | | | 6|-------0----------0---------0---------0 | | | | | 7|-------0----------0---------0---------0 | | | | 12 16 20 24 8|-------0----------0---------0---------0 | | | | 13 17 21 25 9|-------0----------0---------0---------0 | | | | 14 18 22 26 10|-------0----------0---------0---------0 | | | | 15 19 23 27 11|-------0----------0---------0---------0

CHAPTER 6 Page 6-1 Grid Estimate Let's do a "Grid" system estimate. Normally a sprinkler layout would be available for use, however, in this case, follow the sample data and the sketch in the manual page 6-6 and 6-7, for the job known as "ANY COMPANY." Return to the Sprinkler-CALC Main Menu if that is not presently on the screen, and Select UTILITIES, then select GRID EST. To fill the screen, click on the open box, top right corner of the screen. Answer the question pertaining to Metric Units. Follow the prompts on the screen. The first question is DO YOU WANT ALL SCHD'L 40 PIPE. If the answer is N, the program will use schedule 40 for all pipes 1" (25.4) and 1-1/4" (35.052) only, and light wall for all others Answer N then press<Enter> ENTER NAME OF JOB Type Any company <Enter> NAME OF CONTRACTOR AND DATE Type Best sprinkler Co. <Enter> DO YOU WANT THE LENGTH OF THE REMOTE AREA TO BE 1.4 TIMES THE SQUARE ROOT OF THE REMOTE AREA (Y/N). Type N <Enter> Q: Q: Q: Q: Q: NUMBER OF SPRINKLER LINES Type 10<Enter> WHAT IS THE LENGTH OF SPRINKLER LINES Type 100(30.48)<Enter> ANY RISER NIPPLES (Y/N) Type Y<Enter> WHAT IS THE LENGTH OF RISER NIPS. Type 1(0.3048)<Enter> IS THERE A SPRINKLER AT THE TOP OF THE RISER NIPPLE. (Y/N) Type N<Enter> WHAT IS THE DENSITY (gpm/sq ft) Type .2 (8.15)<Enter> (mm/min)

Q:

Page 6-2 Q: Q: Q: HOW MANY SQUARE FT / SQUARE METERS IN THE DESIGN AREA Type 1500(139.35)<Enter> WHAT IS THE SPACING BETWEEN SPRINKLER LINES Type 10(3.048) <Enter> (ft) (meters).

WHAT IS THE SPACING BETWEEN SPRINKLER HEADS (ft) (meters). Type 10 (3.048) <Enter>

You will note that certain data will now be displayed on the screen for your review. One item is the minimum flow per sprinkler. The program pauses at this time to allow the user to determine the "K" factor to use. Q: WHAT K-FACTOR SHALL I USE Type 5.6 (81) <Enter>

The "Grid" system estimate will estimate the pipe diameters for the overhead GRID system piping, however, the diameter of the feed main, riser and underground main, is the responsibility of the Designer. The order in which the feed main, riser and underground piping is input is not a factor. For this example, lets input the riser and feed main as one entry and then input the underground piping. TYPE UNDERGROUND PIPE DIA. CODE AND <Enter> and/or TYPE RISER PIPE DIA. CODE AND <Enter> and/or TYPE FEED MAIN PIPE DIA. CODE AND <Enter> and/or Type 0 TO EXIT FROM UNDERGROUND/RISER & FEED MAIN QUESTIONS Q: DIAMETER (code) Type H <Enter>

H is the alphabetic code for 4" Dia. Q: LENGTH Type 17(5.181) <Enter>

Enter one fitting code at a time and <Enter>. Click on pipes to go to the Pipe Section. Q: Q: Q: Q: FITTINGS Type 2 <Enter> FITTINGS Type 6 <Enter> FITTINGS Type 0 <Enter> DIAMETER (code) Type J <Enter>

Page 6-3 Q: Q: Q: Q: Q: Q: LENGTH Type 4 (1.219) <Enter>

FITTINGS Type 5 <Enter> FITTINGS Type 5 <Enter> FITTINGS Type 6 <Enter> FITTINGS Type 0 <Enter> DIAMETER (code) Type M <Enter>

M is the alphabetic code for 6" underground pipe. Q: Q: Q: Q: Q: LENGTH Type 100 (30.48)<Enter> FITTINGS Type 14<Enter> FITTINGS Type 16<Enter> FITTINGS Type 0<Enter> DIAMETER Type 0<Enter>

THE RISER CONNECTION MAY BE 0 TO 45 FT. ( 0 TO 13.716 METERS) FROM THE END OF THE NEAR MAIN. The above statement explains that the connection from the riser, or feed feed main, along the near main, may be from 0 feet, which is one end of the main, to 45 feet, (13.716 meters) which is one half of the total length of the near main, or the center of the near main. The next question asks how many feet/meters from the end of the grid cross main, to the connection of the riser or feed main. Zero (0) would place the feed main at the corner of the grid. In this example, the connection is 15 feet (4.572 meters) in from the end of the main, so type 15 (4.572). Q: TYPE THE LEAST DISTANCE FROM EITHER END OF THE NEAR CROSS MAIN, TO THE POINT WHERE THE RISER CONNECTS. (ft) (meters). Type 15 Q: (4.572) <Enter>

WHAT IS THE ELEV. OF THE TOP SPKL'R. ABOVE THE FLOW TEST (ft). Type 20 (6.096)<Enter>

Page 6-4 Q: OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW ALLOWANCE (gpm) ( This is the allowance at the connection to the supply ). Type 150 Q: (567.81) <Enter>

INSIDE HOSE FLOW ALLOWANCE

The answer for this may be for inside hose streams, "in rack" sprinklers, or a yard hydrant flow. Type 100 Q: (378.54) <Enter> (Y/N)

DO YOU WANT PRESSURE REMAINING

Some Authorities require a cushion in the operating pressure thefore, for this example we answered Y. Type Y Q: <Enter> (bars) DO YOU WANT REMAINING ?

HOW MUCH PRESSURE (psi) Type 10 (.6895) <Enter>

Q:

DO YOU WANT TO INCLUDE FRICTION LOSS FOR A BACKFLOW PREVENTER OR SIMILAR DEVICE (Y/N) Type Y <Enter> (psi) (bars) ?

Q:

HOW MUCH FRICTION LOSS DO YOU WANT TO INCLUDE Type 10(.6895)<Enter>

Q:

STATIC PRESSURE (psi) (bars) Type 110 (7.584) <Enter>

Q:

RESIDUAL PRESSURE (psi) (bars) Type 65(4.48) <Enter>

Q:

RESIDUAL FLOW (gpm) Type 700 (2649.78) <Enter>

The grid estimate will calculate and display the results, with a comment at the bottom of the screen as follows: Use UP / DOWN Q: arrows or PgUp / PgDn to Scroll.....Press ESC to Exit.

DO YOU WANT ME TO PRINT OUT THIS ESTIMATE (Y/N) Type Y <Enter>

Page 6-5 A Y answer causes the results to be printed. An answer of Y or N displays the next question. Q: DO YOU WANT A SCHEMATIC OF THIS SYSTEM (Y/N) Type Y <Enter>

Sprinkler-CALC will print a schematic of the proposed grid layout, with SUGGESTED reference points. (See Page 6-7). Upon printing of the schematic, the main Sprinkler-CALC menu will again be displayed on the screen awaiting your instructions. Do not use the reference point numbers shown on the Grid Estimate Schematic if more than one design area is to be calculated. When inputting a job for calculations, use a different numbering procedure. ( See Page 6-8 ) Allow sufficient reference numbers for any quantity of sprinklers that may be in the design areas. By following the above procedure it is be possible to calculate several design areas, simply by designating which sprinklers are in each design area. To indicate which sprinklers are to be calculated as Design Area #1, fill in the information on Line #209, on the input form as follows: _________________________________________________________ | LINE NO. REF NO REF | | NO. K OF PT. K OF PT. K | | SPKR SPKR | |_________________________________________________________| | 209 5.6 (81) 3 56 5.6 (81) 11 60 0 | |_________________________________________________________| The second design area would be input as follows: _________________________________________________________ | LINE NO. REF NO REF | | NO. K OF PT. K OF PT. K | | SPKR. SPKR. SPKR. | |_________________________________________________________| | 219 5.6 (81) 3 60 5.6 (81) 11 64 0 | |_________________________________________________________| The third design area as follows: _________________________________________________________ | LINE NO. REF NO REF | | NO. K OF PT. K OF PT. K | | SPKR. SPKR. SPKR. | |_________________________________________________________| | 229 5.6 (81) 3 64 5.6 (81) 11 68 0 | |_________________________________________________________| And a fourth design area follows: _________________________________________________________ | LINE NO. REF NO REF | | OF K OF PT K OF PT K | | SPKLR. SPKR. SPKR. | |_________________________________________________________| | 239 5.6(81) 3 68 5.6(81) 11 72 0 | |_________________________________________________________|

Page 6-6 WALSH ENGINEERING, INC. GRID SYSTEM ESTIMATE FOR: JOB: BEST SPRINKLER CO. ANY COMPANY

ESTIMATED SYS. DEMAND (SPRINKLERS ONLY) (gpm) 330.00 TOTAL DEMAND (gpm) 580.00 PRESSURE AVAILABLE FROM CURVE AT SUPPLY (psi) 78.22 PRESSURE REMAINING BELOW THE CURVE (psi) 0.00 PRESSURE AVAILABLE FOR SYSTEM DESIGN (psi) 56.38 DENSITY (gpm/sq ft) 0.20 AREA (sq ft) 1500.00 ELEV. (ft) STATIC (psi) 110.00 RESIDUAL (psi) 65.00 FLOW (gpm) INSIDE HOSE (gpm) 100.00 OUTSIDE HOSE (gpm) 150.00

20.00 700.00

SPKL'R. LINES 10 LGT'H. LINES (ft) 100.00 RISER NIPS. (ft) 1.00 CC BET. HEADS (ft) 10.00 CC BET. LINES (ft) 10.00 AREA/HEAD (sq ft) 100.00 MIN SPKL'R FLOW (gpm) 20.00 MIN. PRESS. (psi) 12.75 K FACTOR 5.60 THIS ESTIMATE INCLUDES 10 (psi) FRICTION LOSS FOR A [ ] BACKFLOW PREVENTER [ ] METER [ ] DETECTOR CHECK VALVE [ ] OTHER UNDERGROUND/RISER/FEED MAIN DATA ENTRY DIAMETER LENGTH FITTINGS NUMBER CODE (ft) CODE ______ _____ _____ _______ 1 2 3 H J M 17 4 100 2 5 14 6 5 6 16 15 3

# OF SPRINKLERS IN DESIGN AREA IS # OF LINES IN DESIGN AREA IS

CONSISTING OF 3 LINES WITH 5 SPKLR'S. PLUS ONE LINE WITH 0 SPKLR'S. THE LENGTH OF THE DESIGN AREA IS 1.295995 X SQ. ROOT OF DESIGN AREA OR 50 FT. THE CENTER LINE OF THE REMOTE AREA IS OFFSET 2 SPRINKLERS FROM THE CENTER OF THE SYSTEM TOWARD THE FAR MAIN 1/2 in SPKLR'S = 110 1.380 X 1.380 ELBOWS = 20.0 1.380 X 1.380 X 1/2 in TEES = 110.0 2.157 X 2.157 X 1.380 TEES = 10.0 1.682 X 1.682 X 1.380 TEES = 10.0 1.38 in PIPE (SPKL'R LINE & RISER NIPS) = 1020 ft 2.157 in PIPE (NEAR MAIN) = 90 ft 1.682 in PIPE (FAR MAIN) = 90 ft

Page 6-7 PIPING SCHEMATIC FOR ANY COMPANY ESTIMATE [31] [41] (11)-0---------------------------------------------------------0-(21) | | | [32] [42] | (12)-0---------------------------------------------------------0-(22) | | | [33] [43] | (13)-0---------------------------------------------------------0-(23) | | | [34] [44] | (14)-0---------------------------------------------------------0-(24) | | | [35] [45] | (15)-0---------------------------------------------------------0-(25) | | | [36] [46] | (16)-0---------------------------------------------------------0-(26) | | | [37] [47] | (17)-0---------------------------------------------------------0-(27) | | | [38] [48] | (18)-0--------------------151----152----153----154----155------0-(28) | | | [39] [49] | (19)-0--------------------156----157----158----159----160------0-(29) | | | [40] [50] | (20)-0--------------------161----162----163----164----165------0-(30) The symbol 0 represents a riser nipple. The reference numbers enclosed in brackets represent the tops of the riser nipples.

Page 6-8 [31] [41] (11)0------------------------------------------------------------------0 | | | | [32] [42] | | (12)0------------------------------------------------------------------0 | | | 1-2-345 #3 Is the base of the riser, #4 is the top of the riser. | | | [33] #4 to #5 is a short length of feed main. [43] | | (13)0------------------------------------------------------------------0 | | | |[34] [44] | (14)0------------------------------------------------------------------0 | | |[35] [45] | (15)0------------------------------------------------------------------0 | | |[36] [46] | (16)0------------------------------------------------------------------0 | | |[37] [47] | (17)0---------51-----55-----59-----63-----67-----71-----75-----7-------0 | | |[38] [48]| (18)0---------52-----56-----60-----64-----68-----72-----76-----80------0 | | |[39] [49]| (19)0---------53-----57-----61-----65-----69-----73-----77-----81------0 | | |[40] [50]| (20)0---------54-----58-----62-----66-----70-----74-----78-----82------0 The symbol 0 represents a riser nipple. The numbers enclosed in brackets represent the the tops of the riser nipples. (21) (22)

(23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30)

Page 6-9 WALSH ENGINEERING, INC. METRIC GRID SYSTEM ESTIMATE FOR: JOB: BEST SPRINKLER CO. ANY COMPANY METRIC
 

ESTIMATED SYS. DEMAND (SPRINKLERS ONLY) (lpm) 1250.82 TOTAL DEMAND (lpm) 2197.17 PRESSURE AVAILABLE FROM CURVE AT SUPPLY (bars) 5.39 PRESSURE REMAINING BELOW THE CURVE (bars) 0.00 PRESSURE AVAILABLE FOR SYSTEM DESIGN (bars) 3.82 DENSITY (mm/min) 8.15 AREA (sq m ) 139.35 ELEV. (m ) STATIC (bars) 7.58 RESIDUAL (bars) 4.48 FLOW (lpm) INSIDE HOSE (lpm) 378.54 OUTSIDE HOSE (lpm) 567.81

6.10 2649.78 0.30 9.29 81.00

SPKL'R. LINES 10 LGT'H. LINES (m ) 30.48 RISER NIPS. (m ) CC BET. HEADS (m )3.05 CC BET. LINES (m ) 3.05 AREA/HEAD (sq m ) MIN SPKL'R FLOW (lpm) 75.80 MIN. PRESS. (bars) 0.88 K FACTOR THIS ESTIMATE INCLUDES .6895 (bars) FRICTION LOSS FOR A [ ] BACKFLOW PREVENTER [ ] METER [ ] DETECTOR CHECK VALVE [ ] OTHER ENTRY NUMBER ______ 1 2 3 UNDERGROUND/RISER/FEED MAIN DATA DIAMETER LENGTH FITTINGS CODE (m ) CODE ________ ______ ________ H J M 5.181 1.219 30.48 2 6 5 5 6 14 16 15

# OF SPRINKLERS IN DESIGN AREA IS # OF LINES IN DESIGN AREA IS 3

CONSISTING OF 3 LINES WITH 5 SPKLR'S. PLUS ONE LINE WITH 0 SPKLR'S. THE LENGTH OF THE DESIGN AREA IS 1.295994 X SQ. ROOT OF DESIGN AREA OR 15.24 m THE CENTER LINE OF THE REMOTE AREA IS OFFSET 2 SPRINKLERS FROM THE CENTER OF THE SYSTEM TOWARD THE FAR MAIN 12.7 mm SPKLR'S = 110 35.052 X 35.052 ELBOWS = 20.0 35.052 X 35.052 X 12.7 mm TEES = 110.0 66.929 X 66.929 X 35.052 TEES = 10.0 54.788 X 54.788 X 35.052 TEES = 10.0 35.052 mm PIPE (SPKL'R LINE & RISER NIPS) = 310.8 m 66.929 mm PIPE (NEAR MAIN) = 27.432 m 54.788 mm PIPE (FAR MAIN) = 27.432 m

CHAPTER 7 Page 7-1 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK PURPOSELY

CHAPTER 8 Page 8-1 Grid Systems The process of inputting a grid sprinkler is the same as outlined in Chapter 4, OVERVIEW, and as described in Chapter 5, SAMPLE JOB. A grid system is easier to input because most of the pipes are typical and pipe diameters are kept to 3 or 4 different diameters. The most important part of inputting any job ; grid, branch, loop or any combination thereof, is the numbering of junction points. The program does not care if the system is easy or hard, a grid design or a branch system, or both. The program only wants to know the basic information such as the reference number at the first end of the pipe and the reference number at the second end, and how many pieces of typical pipe are to be input. By approaching the project one pipe at a time, it really would'nt matter if there were 4 sprinklers or 400 sprinklers. The only difference would be the time it takes to input a small job verses a large job. This is why the numbering system is so critical. If the drawing is numbered prior to inputting the data and the numbering is sequential, the input time will be reduced drastically. HINT: Don't hesitate to utilize the context sensitive help feature as often as needed. For context help, move the cursor to the box in question and press the F2 key. The features of the numbering system can best be demonstrated by a grid system, so input the job we call ANY COMPANY, the job number is 1000, In U.S. Units and 2000 in Metric Units, and is illustrated on page 8-2 Follow the input exactly as shown on page 8-3 and 8-4, for US Units and 8-11 and 8-12 for Metric Units.

Page 8-2 (11) | | (12) | 1-2-34 | | (13) | (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) [31] 1-1/4" (35.05mm) lines (Typ.) [41] 0-------------------------------------------------------------0 (21) | | | [32] [42] | 0-------------------------------------------------------------0 (22) | | 5 #3 Is the base of the riser, #4 is the top of the riser. | | [33] [43] | 0-------------------------------------------------------------0 (23) | | |[34] #4 to #5 is a short length of feed main. [44] | 0-------------------------------------------------------------0 (24) |<---------------2-1/2" 66.93mm mains (typ.)----------------->| |[35] [45] | 0-------------------------------------------------------------0 (25) | | |[36] [46] | 0-------------------------------------------------------------0 (26) | | |[37] [47] | 0-------------------------------------------------------------0 (27) | | |[38] [48]| 0--------------------101----104----107----110----113----------0 (28) | | |[39] [49]| 0--------------------102----105----108----111----114----------0 (29) | | |[40] [50]| 0--------------------103----106----109----112----115----------0 (30) The symbol 0 represents a riser nipple. The numbers enclosed in brackets represent the the tops of the riser nipples. ANY COMPANY JOB 1000 GRID SYSTEM

Page 8-3 _____________________________________________________________________________ | General Information Section | | | | Job Description:[ SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 1 02/01/96 ] [ General ] | | | | Units (English or Metric): [ English ] [ H2O Supply] | | | | Is this job for a non-density system, such as : [ Pipes ] | | Dwellibngs NFPA-13D, Residential Sprinklers NFPA-13R, | | Standpipes NFPA-14, In-Rack Sprinklers NFPA 231-C, [ Sprinklers] | | Large Drop Sprinklers, OR ESFR Sprinklers ? (Y/N) [ No ] | | | | How Many Square Feet/ Meters In the Design Area ? [ 1500 ] | | | | What is the reference number at the | | inlet of the base of the riser ? [ 3 ] | | | | Do you want to include friction loss for | | a backflow preventer, meter or similiar device [Yes ] | | | | How much friction loss do you want to include ? psi [ 10 ] | | | | What is the reference number at the inlet of the device [ 2 ] [ Done ] | |_____________________________________________________________________________| H2O Supply _____________________________________________________________________________ | Line Static Res. Flow Gage Outside C Density Spklr Line Spklr No Of | | Elev Hose Fac SpacE Space Flow Pumps | |_____________________________________________________________________________| | 2 | 110 | 65 | 700| 0| 150 | 120 | 0.20 | 10 | 10| 20 | 0 | |______|______|______|____|____|_____|______|_______|_____|____|______|_______| From To Line No. Rated Pressure Rated Flow Ref.Point # Ref. Point # ____________________________________________________________________ |__3____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__4____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__5____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________|

Booster Pump Data Section

Line No. Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow _____________________________________________________________________________ |6 | 3 |100 | | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| |7 | | | | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| Additiional Flows Data Section (Inside Hose, Rack Sprinklers, Yard Hydrant).

Page 8-4 _________________________________________________________________________ | Pipe Information | | For PIPE TYPES, press F-2 when cursor is in the PIPE TYPE column. | | | |Line No Of 1 St. 2nd. Pipe Pipe Fittings Length Elev. C | |No. Pipes Ref Pt Ref Pt Type Dia. add T for Change Factor| | Thr'd Fit | |_________________________________________________________________________| | |8 1 1 2 111 10 35 100 0 140 | |9 1 2 3 1 10 2 5 1 140 | |10 1 3 4 2 8 6 17 18 | |11 1 4 5 2 8 2 3 | |12 1 11 12 2 5 0 10 | |13 1 12 5 2 5 3 5 | |14 1 5 13 2 5 3 5 | |15 7 13 14 2 5 0 10 | |16 9 21 22 2 4 0 10 | |17 20 11 31 1 2 3 1 1 | |18 7 31 41 1 2 22 100 | |19 3 38 101 1 2 2 40 | |20 12 101 104 1 2 0 10 | |21 3 113 48 1 2 2 20 | |22_______________________________________________________________________|

____________________________________________________________________________ | Design Area | | 1 | | Num. Ref. Num. Ref. Num Ref Num Ref. | | Line K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point | | NO. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. | |____________________________________________________________________________| |209 5.6 15 101 | |210 | |211 | |212 | |213 | |214 | |215 | |216 | |217 | |218 | |____________________________________________________________________________|

Page 8-5 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers 17 Roberts Court Kingston, RI 02881 USA H Y D R A U L I C C A L C U L A T I O N S S H E E T

C O V E R Any Company Job 1000 02/01/96 W A T E R STATIC PRESSURE (psi) RESIDUAL PRESSURE (psi) RESIDUAL FLOW (gpm) 110 65 700

S U P P L Y

B O O S T E R NUMBER OF BOOSTER PUMPS 0

P U M P S

S P R I N K L E R S MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLERS (ft) 10 MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLER LINES (ft) 10 SPECIFIED DISCHARGE DENSITY (gpm/sq. ft.)

.2

THIS SPRINKLER SYSTEM WILL DELIVER A DENSITY OF .2 gpm/sq. ft. FOR A DESIGN AREA OF 1500 SQ. FT. OF FLOOR AREA THIS SYSTEM OPERATES AT A FLOW OF 306.54 gpm AT A PRESSURE OF AT THE BASE OF THE RISER (REF. PT. 3) PIPES USED FOR THIS SYSTEM ====================================== 111 DUCTILE IRON (350) 001 SCHEDULE 40 002 SCHEDULE 10 41.63 psi

Page 8-6 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers Any Company Job 1000 02/01/96 PAGE 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ SPRINKLER SYSTEM ANALYSIS TO SHOW THE MAXIMUM DENSITY AVAILABLE WITH ZERO PRESSURE REMAINING ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [ ] TEST AREA 1 REF. PT. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 K 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA ELEV. ft 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 FLOW gpm 26.64 26.32 26.24 25.92 25.58 25.47 25.81 25.45 25.32 25.87 25.50 25.38 26.53 26.12 26.02 PRESSURE psi 22.62 22.09 21.95 21.42 20.86 20.68 21.24 20.65 20.44 21.33 20.73 20.54 22.44 21.75 21.59

THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 110.00 65.00 638.15 72.08 72.08 0.00 psi psi gpm psi psi psi AT AT AT 700.00 gpm 638.15 gpm 638.15 gpm

388.15 gpm 150.00 gpm 100.00 gpm 0.253 gpm/sq. ft.

THE ABOVE RESULTS INCLUDE 10 psi FRICTION LOSS AT REF. PT. # [ ] [ ] BACKFLOW PREVENTER DETECTOR CHECK VALVE [ ] [ ] METER OTHER DEVICE

2 FOR A

Page 8-7 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers Any Company Job 1000 02/01/96

PAGE 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS AT SPECIFIED DENSITY ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [ ] TEST AREA 1 REF. PT. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 K 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.60 THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA ELEV. ft 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 FLOW gpm 21.05 20.79 20.72 20.45 20.17 20.10 20.38 20.09 20.00 20.45 20.14 20.05 20.98 20.63 20.54 PRESSURE psi 14.13 13.77 13.69 13.34 12.98 12.89 13.24 12.87 12.75 13.33 12.93 12.82 14.03 13.57 13.45

THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 110.00 65.00 556.54 80.57 52.77 27.81 psi psi gpm psi psi psi AT AT AT 700.00 gpm 556.54 gpm 556.54 gpm

306.54 gpm 150.00 gpm 100.00 gpm 0.200 gpm/sq. ft.

THE ABOVE RESULTS INCLUDE 10 psi FRICTION LOSS AT REF. PT. # [ ] [ ] BACKFLOW PREVENTER DETECTOR CHECK VALVE [ ] [ ] METER OTHER DEVICE

2 FOR A

[C] Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers Any Company Job 1000 02/01/96

Page 8-8

PAGE 3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FITTING Equivalent Length per NFPA 13 1994, 6-4.3 '-' Indicates Equivalent Length. 'T' Indicates Threaded Fitting 1=45 Elbow, 2=90 Elbow, 3='T'/Cross, 4=Butterfly Valve, 5=Gate Valve, 6=Swing Check Valve ============================================================================================= FROM TO FLOW PIPE FITS EQV. H-W PIPE DIA. FRIC. ELEV. FROM TO DIFF (gpm) (ft) (ft) C TYPE (in) (psi) (psi) (psi) (psi) (psi) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 2 406.54 100.00 35 57.03 140 111 6.400 0.004 0.000 52.77 52.16 0.61 2 3 406.54 5.00 2 10.00 120 1 6.065 0.007 0.433 52.16 41.63 10.10 3 4 306.54 17.00 6 29.04 120 2 4.260 0.022 7.800 41.63 32.81 1.02 4 5 306.54 3.00 2 8.98 120 2 4.260 0.022 0.000 32.81 32.54 0.26 11 12 -27.40 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.003 0.000 32.33 32.35 -0.03 12 5 -54.97 5.00 3 14.80 120 2 2.635 0.010 0.000 32.35 32.54 -0.19 5 13 251.57 5.00 3 14.80 120 2 2.635 0.159 0.000 32.54 29.39 3.15 13 14 230.24 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.135 0.000 29.39 28.04 1.35 14 15 211.33 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.115 0.000 28.04 26.90 1.14 15 16 193.75 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.098 0.000 26.90 25.92 0.98 16 17 176.22 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.082 0.000 25.92 25.10 0.82 17 18 157.46 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.067 0.000 25.10 24.43 0.67 18 19 105.03 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.032 0.000 24.43 24.10 0.33 19 20 52.53 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.635 0.009 0.000 24.10 24.02 0.08 21 22 27.40 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.007 0.000 25.17 25.11 0.06 22 23 54.97 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.025 0.000 25.11 24.91 0.20 23 24 76.31 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.046 0.000 24.91 24.45 0.46 24 25 95.21 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.070 0.000 24.45 23.75 0.70 25 26 112.79 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.095 0.000 23.75 22.80 0.95 26 27 130.33 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.125 0.000 22.80 21.55 1.25 27 28 149.09 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.160 0.000 21.55 19.95 1.60 28 29 98.21 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.074 0.000 19.95 19.18 0.76 29 30 48.89 10.00 0 0.00 120 2 2.157 0.020 0.000 19.18 18.98 0.20 11 31 27.40 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.061 0.433 32.33 31.51 0.39 12 32 27.57 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.062 0.433 32.35 31.53 0.39 13 33 21.34 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.038 0.433 29.39 28.72 0.24 14 34 18.90 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.031 0.433 28.04 27.41 0.19 15 35 17.58 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.027 0.433 26.90 26.30 0.17 16 36 17.54 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.027 0.433 25.92 25.32 0.17 17 37 18.76 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.030 0.433 25.10 24.47 0.19 18 38 52.43 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.203 0.433 24.43 22.71 1.28 19 39 52.51 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.204 0.433 24.10 22.38 1.28 20 40 52.53 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.204 0.433 24.02 22.30 1.29 21 41 -27.40 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.061 0.433 25.17 25.13 -0.39 22 42 -27.57 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.062 0.433 25.11 25.07 -0.39 23 43 -21.34 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.038 0.433 24.91 24.70 -0.22 24 44 -18.90 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.031 0.433 24.45 24.21 -0.19 25 45 -17.58 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.027 0.433 23.75 23.49 -0.17 26 46 -17.54 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.027 0.433 22.80 22.53 -0.17 27 47 -18.76 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.030 0.433 21.55 21.31 -0.19 28 48 50.88 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.192 0.433 19.95 18.30 1.21 29 49 49.32 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.182 0.433 19.18 17.61 1.14

Page 8-9 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers Any Company Job 1000 02/01/96 PAGE 4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FITTING Equivalent Length per NFPA 13 1994, 6-4.3 '-' Indicates Equivalent Length. 'T' Indicates Threaded Fitting 1=45 Elbow, 2=90 Elbow, 3='T'/Cross, 4=Butterfly Valve, 5=Gate Valve, 6=Swing Check Valve ============================================================================================= FROM TO FLOW PIPE FITS EQV. H-W PIPE DIA. FRIC. ELEV. FROM TO DIFF (gpm) (ft) (ft) C TYPE (in) (psi) (psi) (psi) (psi) (psi) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 50 48.89 1.00 3 5.30 120 1 1.380 0.179 0.433 18.98 17.42 1.13 31 41 27.40 100.00 22 4.40 120 1 1.380 0.061 0.000 31.51 25.13 6.38 32 42 27.57 100.00 22 4.40 120 1 1.380 0.062 0.000 31.53 25.07 6.46 33 43 21.34 100.00 22 4.40 120 1 1.380 0.038 0.000 28.72 24.70 4.02 34 44 18.90 100.00 22 4.40 120 1 1.380 0.031 0.000 27.41 24.21 3.21 35 45 17.58 100.00 22 4.40 120 1 1.380 0.027 0.000 26.30 23.49 2.81 36 46 17.54 100.00 22 4.40 120 1 1.380 0.027 0.000 25.32 22.53 2.79 37 47 18.76 100.00 22 4.40 120 1 1.380 0.030 0.000 24.47 21.31 3.17 38 101 52.43 40.00 2 2.20 120 1 1.380 0.203 0.000 22.71 14.13 8.58 39 102 52.51 40.00 2 2.20 120 1 1.380 0.204 0.000 22.38 13.77 8.61 40 103 52.53 40.00 2 2.20 120 1 1.380 0.204 0.000 22.30 13.69 8.61 101 104 31.38 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.079 0.000 14.13 13.34 0.79 102 105 31.72 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.080 0.000 13.77 12.98 0.80 103 106 31.81 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.081 0.000 13.69 12.89 0.80 104 107 10.92 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.011 0.000 13.34 13.24 0.10 105 108 11.55 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.012 0.000 12.98 12.87 0.11 106 109 11.70 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.013 0.000 12.89 12.75 0.13 107 110 -9.45 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.009 0.000 13.24 13.33 -0.09 108 111 -8.54 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.007 0.000 12.87 12.93 -0.06 109 112 -8.30 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.007 0.000 12.75 12.82 -0.07 110 113 -29.90 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.072 0.000 13.33 14.03 -0.70 111 114 -28.68 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.067 0.000 12.93 13.57 -0.64 112 115 -28.35 10.00 0 0.00 120 1 1.380 0.065 0.000 12.82 13.45 -0.63 113 48 -50.88 20.00 2 2.20 120 1 1.380 0.192 0.000 14.03 18.30 -4.27 114 49 -49.32 20.00 2 2.20 120 1 1.380 0.182 0.000 13.57 17.61 -4.03 115 50 -48.89 20.00 2 2.20 120 1 1.380 0.179 0.000 13.45 17.42 -3.97

A MAX. VELOCITY OF 14.8 ft./sec. OCCURS BETWEEN REF. PT. Sprinkler-CALC Release 7.1 WIN By Walsh Engineering Inc. Kingston, R.I. U.S.A. [U]

5 AND 13

Page 8-10 _____________________________________________________________________________ | General Information Section | | | | Job Description:[SAMPLE SPRINKLER SYSTEM JOB 2000 02/01/96 ] [ General ] | | | | Units (English or Metric): [ Metric ] [ H2O Supply] | | | | Is this job for a non-density system, such as : [ Pipes ] | | Dwellibngs NFPA-13D, Residential Sprinklers NFPA-13R, | | Standpipes NFPA-14, In-Rack Sprinklers NFPA 231-C, [ Sprinklers] | | Large Drop Sprinklers, OR ESFR Sprinklers ? (Y/N) [ No ] | | | | How Many Square Feet/ Meters In the Design Area ? [139.35] | | | | What is the reference number at the | | inlet of the base of the riser ? [ 3 ] | | | | Do you want to include friction loss for | | a backflow preventer, meter or similiar device [ Yes] | | | | How much friction loss do you want to include ? psi [ 0.6895 ] | | | What is the reference number at the inlet of the device [ 2 ] [ Done ] | |_____________________________________________________________________________| H2O Supply _____________________________________________________________________________ | Line Static Res. Flow Gage Outside C Density Spklr Line Spklr No Of | | No Elev Hose Fac Space Space Flow Pumps | |_____________________________________________________________________________| | 2 |7.580 |4.480 |2650| 0 | 568 | 120 | 8.149 |3.048|3.048|75.71| 0 | |______|______|______|____|____|______|_____|_______|_____|_____|_____|_______| From To Line No. Rated Pressure Rated Flow Ref.Point # Ref. Point # ____________________________________________________________________ |__3____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__4____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________| |__5____|_______________|___________|_____________|_________________|

Booster Pump Data Section

Line No. Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow Ref.Pt. Flow _____________________________________________________________________________ |6 | 3 |378.5| | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| |7 | | | | | | | | | | | |_______|_______|_____|_______|_____|______|_____|______|______|______|_______| Additiional Flows Data Section (Inside Hose, Rack Sprinklers, Yard Hydrant).

Page 8-11 __________________________________________________________________________ | Pipe Information | | To select PIPE TYPES, press F-2 when cursor is in the PIPE TYPE column. | | | |Line No Of 1st. 2nd. Pipe Pipe Fittings Length Elev. C | |No. Pipes Ref Pt Ref Pt Type Dia. Change Factor| | | |__________________________________________________________________________| | | |8 1 1 2 303 10 35 30.48 0 140 | |9 1 2 3 202 10 2 1.524 0.304 | |10 1 3 4 201 8 6 5.181 5.486 | |11 1 4 5 201 8 2 0.9144 | |12 1 11 12 201 5 0 3.048 | |13 1 12 5 201 5 3 1.524 | |14 1 5 13 201 5 3 1.524 | |15 7 13 14 201 5 0 3.048 | |16 9 21 22 201 4 0 3.048 | |17 20 11 31 202 2 3 0.3048 0.3048 | |18 7 31 41 202 2 22 30.048 | |19 3 38 101 202 2 2 12.192 | |20 12 101 104 202 2 0 3.048 | |21 3 113 48 202 2 2 6.096 | |22 0 | |__________________________________________________________________________| ____________________________________________________________________________ | Desisgn Area | | 1 | | Num. Ref. Num. Ref. Num Ref Num Ref. | | Line K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point K Of Point | | NO. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. Spkr. | |____________________________________________________________________________| |209 81 15 101 | |210 | |211 | |212 | |213 | |214 | |215 | |216 | |217 | |218 | |____________________________________________________________________________|

Page 8-12 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers 17 Roberts Court Kingston, RI 02881 USA H Y D R A U L I C C A L C U L A T I O N S S H E E T

C O V E R

ANY COMPANY JOB 2000 METRIC GRID SYSTEM 02/01/96 W A T E R STATIC PRESSURE (bars) RESIDUAL PRESSURE (bars) RESIDUAL FLOW (lpm) 7.58 4.48 2649.8 B O O S T E R NUMBER OF BOOSTER PUMPS 0 S P R I N K L E R S MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLERS (m) 3.048 MAXIMUM SPACING OF SPRINKLER LINES (m) 3.048 SPECIFIED DISCHARGE DENSITY (mm/min.) 8.149 THIS SPRINKLER SYSTEM WILL DELIVER A DENSITY OF 8.149166 mm/min. FOR A DESIGN AREA OF 139.35 SQ. M. OF FLOOR AREA THIS SYSTEM OPERATES AT A FLOW OF 1162.13 lpm AT A PRESSURE OF AT THE BASE OF THE RISER (REF. PT. 3) 2.96 bars P U M P S S U P P L Y

PIPES USED FOR THIS SYSTEM ====================================== 303 CENTRIFUGALLY CAST DUCTILE IRON (SCREWED FLANGES) BS 4772 201 STEEL BS 1387 MEDIUM 202 STEEL BS 1387 HEAVY

Page 8-13 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers ANY COMPANY JOB 2000 METRIC GRID SYSTEM 02/01/96 PAGE 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ SPRINKLER SYSTEM ANALYSIS TO SHOW THE MAXIMUM DENSITY AVAILABLE WITH ZERO PRESSURE REMAINING ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 1 [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA REF. PT. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 K 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 ELEV. m 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 FLOW lpm 99.86 98.67 98.38 96.75 95.46 95.09 96.28 94.91 94.45 96.52 95.07 94.61 99.04 97.44 97.04 PRESSURE bars 1.53 1.50 1.49 1.44 1.40 1.39 1.42 1.38 1.37 1.43 1.39 1.37 1.51 1.46 1.45

THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 7.58 4.48 2395.87 5.01 5.01 0.00 .69 bars bars lpm bars bars bars AT AT AT 2649.80 lpm 2395.87 lpm 2395.87 lpm

1449.57 lpm 568.00 lpm 378.30 lpm 10.186 mm/min.

THE ABOVE RESULTS INCLUDE [ ] [ ] BACKFLOW PREVENTER DETECTOR CHECK VALVE

bars FRICTION LOSS AT REF. PT. # [ ] [ ] METER OTHER DEVICE

2 FOR A

Page 8-14 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers ANY COMPANY JOB 2000 METRIC GRID SYSTEM 02/01/96 PAGE 2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS AT SPECIFIED DENSITY ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ [ ] TEST AREA 1 REF. PT. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 K 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 81.00 THE FOLLOWING SPRINKLERS ARE OPERATING IN: [ ] TEST AREA 2 [ ] TEST AREA 3 [ ] REMOTE AREA ELEV. m 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 FLOW lpm 80.19 79.18 78.91 77.51 76.43 76.16 77.11 76.00 75.71 77.37 76.21 75.87 79.50 78.18 77.79 PRESSURE bars 0.99 0.96 0.96 0.92 0.90 0.89 0.91 0.89 0.88 0.92 0.89 0.88 0.97 0.94 0.93

THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM FLOW IS THE [ ] [ ] THE OUTSIDE HOSE FLOW AT REFERENCE POINT N0. 1 IS THE INSIDE HOSE [ ] RACK SPKLR'S. YARD HYDT. FLOW IS MINIMUM DENSITY PROVIDED BY THIS SYSTEM IS THE FOLLOWING PRESSURES & FLOWS OCCUR ---> AT REF. PT. 1 <--STATIC PRESSURE RESIDUAL PRESSURE TOTAL SYSTEM FLOW AVAILABLE PRESSURE OPERATING PRESSURE PRESSURE REMAINING 7.58 4.48 2108.43 5.55 3.73 1.82 bars bars lpm bars bars bars AT AT AT 2649.80 lpm 2108.43 lpm 2108.43 lpm

1162.13 lpm 568.00 lpm 378.30 lpm 8.149 mm/min.

THE ABOVE RESULTS INCLUDE [ ] [ ] BACKFLOW PREVENTER DETECTOR CHECK VALVE

1 bars FRICTION LOSS AT REF. PT. # [ ] [ ] METER OTHER DEVICE

2 FOR A

[C] Page 8-15 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers ANY COMPANY JOB 2000 METRIC GRID SYSTEM 02/01/96 PAGE 3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FITTING LEGEND '-' Indicates Equivalent Length. 'T' Indicates Threaded Fitting 1=45 Elbow, 2=90 Elbow, 3='T'/Cross, 4=Butterfly Valve, 5=Gate Valve, 6=Swing Check Valve ============================================================================================= FROM TO FLOW PIPE FITS EQV. H-W PIPE DIA. FRIC. ELEV. FROM TO DIFF (lpm) (m.) (m.) C (mm) (b/m) (bars) (bars) (bars) (bars) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 2 1540.43 30.48 35 12.98 140 303 154.680 0.000 0.000 3.73 3.68 0.05 2 3 1540.43 1.52 2 4.31 120 201 155.320 0.000 0.030 3.68 2.96 0.70 3 4 1162.13 5.18 6 5.08 120 201 105.140 0.002 0.538 2.96 2.36 0.06 4 5 1162.13 0.91 2 3.05 120 201 105.140 0.002 0.000 2.36 2.34 0.02 11 12 -95.06 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.000 0.000 2.33 2.33 -0.00 12 5 -190.60 1.52 3 3.82 120 201 68.670 0.000 0.000 2.33 2.34 -0.01 5 13 971.53 1.52 3 3.82 120 201 68.670 0.010 0.000 2.34 2.16 0.18 13 14 893.24 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.009 0.000 2.16 2.08 0.09 14 15 821.89 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.007 0.000 2.08 2.00 0.07 15 16 753.64 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.006 0.000 2.00 1.94 0.06 16 17 684.03 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.005 0.000 1.94 1.89 0.05 17 18 608.83 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.004 0.000 1.89 1.85 0.04 18 19 406.27 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.002 0.000 1.85 1.82 0.02 19 20 203.20 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 68.670 0.001 0.000 1.82 1.82 0.01 21 22 95.06 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.000 0.000 1.84 1.84 0.00 22 23 190.60 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.002 0.000 1.84 1.82 0.01 23 24 268.88 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.003 0.000 1.82 1.79 0.03 24 25 340.24 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.005 0.000 1.79 1.74 0.05 25 26 408.49 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.007 0.000 1.74 1.67 0.07 26 27 478.10 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.010 0.000 1.67 1.57 0.10 27 28 553.30 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.013 0.000 1.57 1.45 0.13 28 29 364.17 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.006 0.000 1.45 1.39 0.06 29 30 181.24 3.05 0 0.00 120 201 52.980 0.002 0.000 1.39 1.37 0.02 11 31 95.06 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.004 0.030 2.33 2.27 0.03 12 32 95.54 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.004 0.030 2.33 2.27 0.03 13 33 78.29 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.003 0.030 2.16 2.11 0.02 14 34 71.35 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.030 2.08 2.03 0.02 15 35 68.26 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.030 2.00 1.96 0.02 16 36 69.61 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.030 1.94 1.89 0.02 17 37 75.20 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.003 0.030 1.89 1.84 0.02 18 38 202.56 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.016 0.030 1.85 1.69 0.13 19 39 203.06 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.016 0.030 1.82 1.66 0.13 20 40 203.20 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.016 0.030 1.82 1.66 0.13 21 41 -95.06 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.004 0.030 1.84 1.84 -0.03 22 42 -95.54 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.004 0.030 1.84 1.84 -0.03 23 43 -78.29 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.003 0.030 1.82 1.81 -0.02 24 44 -71.35 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.030 1.79 1.78 -0.02 25 45 -68.26 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.030 1.74 1.73 -0.02 26 46 -69.61 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.030 1.67 1.65 -0.02 27 47 -75.20 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.003 0.030 1.57 1.56 -0.02 28 48 189.13 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.014 0.030 1.45 1.30 0.11 29 49 182.93 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.013 0.030 1.39 1.25 0.11

Page 8-16 Walsh Engineering, Inc. Professional Fire Protection Engineers ANY COMPANY JOB 2000 METRIC GRID SYSTEM 09/01/92 PAGE 4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ FITTING LEGEND '-' Indicates Equivalent Length. 'T' Indicates Threaded Fitting 1=45 Elbow, 2=90 Elbow, 3='T'/Cross, 4=Butterfly Valve, 5=Gate Valve, 6=Swing Check Valve ============================================================================================= FROM TO FLOW PIPE FITS EQV. H-W PIPE DIA. FRIC. ELEV. FROM TO DIFF (lpm) (m.) (m.) C (mm) (b/m) (bars) (bars) (bars) (bars) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 50 181.24 0.30 3 2.13 120 202 34.340 0.013 0.030 1.37 1.24 0.10 31 41 95.06 30.48 22 2.08 120 202 34.340 0.004 0.000 2.27 1.84 0.42 32 42 95.54 30.48 22 2.08 120 202 34.340 0.004 0.000 2.27 1.84 0.43 33 43 78.29 30.48 22 2.08 120 202 34.340 0.003 0.000 2.11 1.81 0.30 34 44 71.35 30.48 22 2.08 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.000 2.03 1.78 0.25 35 45 68.26 30.48 22 2.08 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.000 1.96 1.73 0.23 36 46 69.61 30.48 22 2.08 120 202 34.340 0.002 0.000 1.89 1.65 0.24 37 47 75.20 30.48 22 2.08 120 202 34.340 0.003 0.000 1.84 1.56 0.28 38 101 202.56 12.19 2 1.04 120 202 34.340 0.016 0.000 1.69 0.99 0.70 39 102 203.06 12.19 2 1.04 120 202 34.340 0.016 0.000 1.66 0.96 0.70 40 103 203.20 12.19 2 1.04 120 202 34.340 0.016 0.000 1.66 0.96 0.70 101 104 122.37 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.006 0.000 0.99 0.92 0.06 102 105 123.88 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.006 0.000 0.96 0.90 0.07 103 106 124.29 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.007 0.000 0.96 0.89 0.07 104 107 44.86 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.001 0.000 0.92 0.91 0.01 105 108 47.46 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.001 0.000 0.90 0.89 0.01 106 109 48.13 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.001 0.000 0.89 0.88 0.01 107 110 -32.25 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.001 0.000 0.91 0.92 -0.01 108 111 -28.54 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.000 0.000 0.89 0.89 -0.00 109 112 -27.58 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.000 0.000 0.88 0.88 -0.00 110 113 -109.62 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.005 0.000 0.92 0.97 -0.05 111 114 -104.76 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.005 0.000 0.89 0.94 -0.05 112 115 -103.45 3.05 0 0.00 120 202 34.340 0.005 0.000 0.88 0.93 -0.05 113 48 -189.13 6.10 2 1.04 120 202 34.340 0.014 0.000 0.97 1.30 -0.33 114 49 -182.93 6.10 2 1.04 120 202 34.340 0.013 0.000 0.94 1.25 -0.31 115 50 -181.24 6.10 2 1.04 120 202 34.340 0.013 0.000 0.93 1.24 -0.31

A MAX. VELOCITY OF 4.37 m/sec OCCURS BETWEEN REF. PT. Sprinkler-CALC Release 7.1 WIN By Walsh Engineering Inc. Kingston, R.I. U.S.A. [U]

5 AND 13

CHAPTER 9 Page 9-1 Use Of Velocity Pressure In Calculations Sprinkler-CALC provides an option of using velocity pressure in the calculations. Although the standards at the present time do not require the use of velocity pressure, it is more accurate and for most branch systems, and requires less pressure. Grid type systems do not benefit by the use of velocity pressure in the calculations. The pressure requirement for grid systems calculated with velocity pressure will be greater than without velocity pressure. Therefore unless required by the authority having jurisdiction, we do not endorse the use of velocity pressure in grid type systems. If velocity pressure is to be selected, it is mandatory that the fitting Code # 3 be used to input all "Tee" fittings on the system with one important exception. DO NOT use the code of 3 for a tee that is considered as part of a cross main. Use the actual equivalent length of pipe instead. This exception always will occur at the top of the main sprinkler riser, where the riser connects to a cross main with a "Tee". NOTE: "Tees" at the junction of the cross main to branch lines, are part of the branch line, therefore, a code of 3 is required at this junction. The same is true of a "Tee" on a cross main, at th bottom of a riser nipple. The "Tee" is part of the riser nipple, therefore, a Code of 3 is required here also. The tee at the top of a riser nipple shall be included in the branch line,therefore, use a code of 3 at this point also. The tee or cross at a cross main / feed main junction, when the flow makes a 90 deg. turn shall be included in the cross main. Use equivalent lengths of pipe for the fittings at these junctions. In summary: A code of 3, MUST be used for all "Tee" fittings except the "Tees" into which sprinklers are connected, and the "Tees" that are considered as part of the cross main. See the illustration on Page 9-2.

Page 9-2 Public Main | | ---->| |-------0----------0 | | | | |--------0---------0 |--------(T) | | | | (T)----------------------(T) | | | | |-------0----------0 |-------0----------0

When using velocity pressure in the calculations, do not use fitting codes for Tee's that are considered as part of the mains, as illustrated by (T). Input the equivalent length of pipe instead. You will note that Tee's or crosses that connect branch lines to mains, belong to the branch line. It is necessary to use fitting codes for these fittings.

CHAPTER 10 Page 10-1 Error Messages DIVISION BY ZERO. This simply stated it is a situation in which a number in a formula, is to be divided by another number, but the program can't find one of the numbers. This is usually caused by omitting one or more pipes. A division by zero error message will also occur if the static pressure and residual pressure are entered identically. The residual pressure must be less than the static pressure. Basically a division by zero error message is an indication that something pertaining to the reference point numbers is incorrect. AN ERROR HAS BEEN DETECTED This is the most common error message, and could cover almost any type of input error. When this appears on the screen, return to the Main Menu and click on edit, or if the error can not be found by a cusory examination, printout a copy of the input data, by first clicking on file and then Print Input Data. UNDEFINED PTYPE (Followed by a number) This occures when a non-existant pipe type has been input. the number indicates the non-existant pipe type. A 0.0 DIA. HAS BEEN DETECTED, NO SUCH DIA. FOR THIS PIPE TYPE. Not all pipe types are available in all diameters. This message occurs if you select a diameter that does not exist for the pipe type you input. The pipe type to which the error message pertains is indicated in the upper left corner of the screen.

CHAPTER 11 Page 11-1 Editing Editing may be done by selecting JOB or OPEN, from the Main Menu. The program will prompt for the job number. Type the number, Then Press Enter. The input will now be displayed on the screen. If it is desired to change the current entry, move the cursor to whatever box is to be changed, and retype the appropriate value. To make changes, use the mouse to move the cursor to whatever box is to be changed, or if the computer is not equipped with a Mouse, use the Press Up / Down and Left / Right arrow keys. If in doubt as to what response to make in any particular box, move the cursor to the box and press the F2 key. An explanation for that particular item will be displayed on the screen. If a line of information is omitted, it is possible to insert one or more lines of pipe data in place, without loosing continuity. To do so move the cursor to any box on the line to added and click on the Add Line. To delete a line of pipe data, move the cursor to any box on the line number to be deleted. click on the Remove Line box. Pipe lines may be cut and pasted by moving the cursor to the extreme left of the screen, click the mouse and drag to the position desired, then release the mouse button. To copy a line of pipe, place the cursor in any box, press the control and C keys simultaneously. Move the cursor to where you want to copy the line of information, press control and the V keys simultaneously. The new copied line will appear without reference numbers. You must type the reference numbers to suit the situation.

CHAPTER 12 Page 12-1 Hydrant Flow Test This program will calculate the flow from Hydrant outlets, print a report and store the results. The program will accept flow data from up to two hydrants flowing simultaneously. Two sample flow test reports (database) are included for demonstration purposes. To erase the sample flow test reports (data base) and create a new database for your use, go to the DOS prompt and delete the sample database by typing DEL FLOWTEST.DBF then press <Enter>. To return to the Main Menu type FLOWTEST, then select option 6, create EMPTY Database FLOW TEST from the program menu. (See Page 12-4). The user may change the "C" Factor of the flow outlet so as to meet the requirements of various authorities. Use a "C" Factor of 0.90 unless the test is being made for a property insured by an FM company, in which case use a "C" of 0.80. The program will create a data base of all flow test results, which may be displayed and / or printed. Pressing F1 will bring up a help screen containing a chart that lists the abbreviations found at the bottom of the screen, with a complete description of each selection. Main Menu Options 1.Enter/Edit flow Test flow data and retrieve When this selection is pressing the A key, to Data - allows the user to enter or edit and print individual flow records. made, a new flow test may be made by Add records.

2.Report of Flow Tests / Date - Print or view a list of all records by date. 3.Report of Flow Test / Location - Print or view a list of all records by the location of Flow (Pitot) Hydrant # 1. 4.Reindex Database - Reindex all records, use this procedure when experiencing problems finding or printing records. 5.Setup - Allows the user to customize the program with name, address and phone number, which will appear on all reports. 6.Create EMPTY Database FLOW TEST - Allows an empty database to be created.

Page How To Use Flow Test

12-2

The program employs a menu bar selection list at the bottom of the screen with short abbreviations of the available choices. To execute a function, press the first letter of that function. The data entry / edit screen appears below, followed by the available function options, with their short abbreviations and a description of each function. +=============================================================================+ | Hydrant Flow Test Enter/Edit Flow Data | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Date: 01/30/96 Time: 11:30 Made By: MARK W. DILUGLIO | | | | LOCATIONS: | | Flow Hydrant #1: SOUTH SIDE OF BROAD STREET | | Static/Residual Hydrant: NORTH SIDE OF BROAD STREET | | Flow Hydrant #2: EAST OF GREEN ACRES (NEAR MCDONALDS) | | | | FLOW DATA: | | C Factor: 0.90 | | Pitot @ Hydrant #1 PSI: 75 Outlet Dia.: 2.50 Number of Ports: 2 | | Static/Res. Static: 90 Residual: 70 | | Pitot @ Hydrant #2 PSI: 70 Outlet Dia.: 2.50 Number of Ports: 2 | | | | Comments: LOCATIONS PRINT ON 2 LINES OF 20 CHARACTERS PER LINE | | | | Total Gallons Flowing During Test: 5,714 | | | | Total Flow at 20 psi Residual: 11,239 | +=============================================================================+ Ret/Beg/End/Next/Prev/Skip/Mod/Add/Copy/Del/List/Filt/Tal/Help/Output/Quit? N Abbreviation Function

Add Add a new record to the Database. Beg Go to the first record. Copy Duplicate current record. Del Delete the record on display. End Go to the last record. List Display records beginning from current record. Mod(ify) Edit the current record. Next Go to the next record.

Page 12-3 Abbreviation Output Prev Quit Ret Skip Tal(ly) Esc key Function

Prints the currently displayed flow test record. Go to the previous record. Return to the Main Menu. Retrieve a record by key. Go forward / backward by a number of records. Count the records Return to the Main Menu( Same as quit)

C Factor chart (Coefficient of friction) In order to meet the requirements of various Authorities, the program allows the user to specify the value for the coefficient C. Fire Hydrants do not flow 100% of available water due to turbulence that occurs in the hydrant outlet from obstructions created by the design of the hydrant outlets. A Hydrant with a smooth discharge outlet will flow more water than a hydrant with a rough discharge outlet. The following chart contains suggested C factors to use when conducting hydrant flow tests. Type and roughness of outlet Outlet less than 4" (101.6mm), square and projecting Outlet less than 4" (101.6mm), square and sharp Outlet less than 4" (101.6mm), smooth and rounded Factor 0.70 0.80 0.90

The C factor changes when large diameters are used. The following is a chart of suggested C factors to used when flowing through large outlets. Velocity Pressure 2 3 4 5 6 7 psi psi psi psi psi psi (0.1379 (0.2068 (0.2758 (0.3447 (0.4137 (0.4826 bars) bars) bars) bars) bars) bars) Factor 0.97 0.92 0.89 0.86 0.84 0.83

or greater

Entering A Fire Hydrant Flow Test To enter a flow test select option # 1 from the Main Menu, ENTER / EDIT FLOW TEST DATA. A screen with an existing sample flow test report will be displayed. After makeing this selection, if it is desired to create a new flow test, press A to Add records.

Page 12-4 When starting with an empty database, a message DATABASE EMPTY; ADD RECORDS (Y/N)? will be displayed, in the bottom left corner of the screen. A "Y" will appear in the box next to the message. To enter a flow test, Press <Enter> or Y. To go to the Main Menu, Press N. The first question pertains to the date the flow test was conducted. Dates are entered in the format MM/DD/YY, or the F8 key may be pressed to enter the date. The next question pertains to the time the test was conducted. Enter the time in military, 24 hour format. 7 AM would be entered as 0700 and 1:30 PM, would be 1330. Where it says "Made By", enter the names of the persons who conducted and witnessed the test. The next item is the location of the Flow (Pitot) Hydrant # 1. This is the hydrant from which the flow is measured. The Static/ Residual Hydrant is the hydrant from which the pressure readings were made. The next set of questions pertain to Hydrant # 2 and are used only if a flow test was conducted with two hydrants open. The C factor is set for a default of 0.90, however, this may be changed as needed. Refer to the table on Page 12-3. The line for the Flow (Pitot) Hydrant has 3. The first for the pressure reading from the pitot gauge, the second item pertaining to the outlet Dia., must be entered in decimal inches, or millimeters. For a 2-1/2" discharge opening, enter 2.5, for metric type 63.5. The term ports refers to the discharge opening. Hydrant openings are called butts, or ports. For one flowing outlet type 1, for two type 2. The Static pressure is the pressure reading taken when the flow hydrant is shut. The Residual reading is the pressure reading taken when the flow hydrant is open and flowing water. The next line ,Flow (Pitot) Hydrant # 2, should be ignored unless two hydrants were open during the flow test. To skip over the answers, simply press <Enter> at each cursor position. Enter any comments desired, with a maximum of 60 spaces. After the test is calculated, you will be prompted to save the test results. You must save the report to print the results. Enter Y to save the report otherwise enter N. To edit during entry of the test data, simply press E for Edit. This permits modifying everything except the date and time. To edit the date or time, it is necessary is to copy the report, make changes, then delete the original report.

Page 12-5 Printing A flow Test Report To print a flow test report, select the desired flow test and while the desired report is displayed on the screen, type O, for output. This will display another set of options: Printer/Screen/Quit ? S. Type P. This displays another set of options, if the printer is in fact ready, press <Enter>, otherwise type N, then make the printer ready. Searching The Data Base For Specific Flow Test Reports The database may be browsed by using the NEXT and PREVIOUS functions. The RETRIEVE function may be used to find a particular report, however, it is necessary that the date and time of the flow test be entered exactly as entered in the data base. The LIST function may also be used to find a particular report. When the report is found, it may be displayed by pressing <Enter>, while any entry of that report is highlighted. Displaying All Existing Flow Test Reports Select option # 2 and / or 3. Option # 2 will display a report sorted by the date and time of the flow test. Option # 3 will display a report sorted by location of Flow Hydrant # 1. Either of these reports may be viewed on the screen and / or printed. Use Of Index Files The program uses index files to sort the data base, however, if these files become damaged or deleted, the program will not operate properly. If trouble is experienced finding a flow test report or in printing, use the REINDEX DATABASE function. The default index displays the tests by date and time. Use Of special Function Keys F4 A DOS shell to run DOS commands or other programs.

F8 Will input the computers date, in the date portion of the report, while the cursor is positioned there.

CHAPTER 13 Page 13-1 EARLY SUPPRESSION FAST RESPONSE (ESFR) SPRINKLERS AREA OF COVERAGE: The area of coverage is limited to a minimum of 80 sq ft (7.4 m sq ) and a maximum of 100 sq ft (9.3 m sq ). CLEARANCE: At least 3' (9144 m) shall be maintained between sprinkler deflectors and the top of storage. DENSITY: Sprinkler systems using ESFR sprinklers are not designed on a density and area concept. HOSE STREAM ALLOWANCE: Small hose stations are required, however, there is no hose stream allowance requirement. OCCUPANCIES SUITABLE FOR ESFR SPRINKLER SYSTEM PROTECTION TYPE OF STORAGE Single, double and multiple-row and portable rack stge. (No open top containers or solid shelves), and solid piled or pallatized storage COMMODITY MAX. HEIGHT OF STGE. 25 (7.6) MAX. HEIGHT OF BLDG. 30 (9.1)

Cartoned unexpanded plastic; expanded plastic; uncartoned, unexpanded plastic; and class 1, II, III, or IV commodities (encapsulated or nonencapsulated)

Cartoned, unexpanded 35 (10.7) plastic: and Class I, 11, 111, or IV commodies, encapsulated 20 (6.1) or unencapsulated. Roll paper on end, Heavy weight or open/standard or closed Medium Weight array, banded or unbanded Aerosol storage To be determined. 20 (6.1)

40 25 30

(12.2) (7.6) (9.1)

PRESSURE: ESFR sprinkler systems are designed so that the minimum pressure at any sprinkler is 50 psi (3.4 bar). 40 Ft.high ( 12.192 ) buildings require 75 psi (5.17 bar). Requires an ESFR specifically listed for 40' (12.192 m) bldgs. SPACING: Spacing between branch lines and sprinklers on the branch lines is limited to no more than 12 ft (3.7 m ) and no less than 8 ft (2.4 m ).

Page 13-2 STANDARDS: The formal standards pertaining to ESFR sprinklers, are published by the National Fire Protection Association , N.F.P.A. standard 13, "Installation of Sprinkler Systems "1996 edition, chapter 4. TYPE OF SYSTEM: Sprinkler systems utilizing ESFR sprinklers are limited to WET-PIPE systems. LARGE DROP SPRINKLERS AREA OF COVERAGE: The area of coverage is limited to a minimum of 80 sq ft (7.4 m sq) and a maximum of 130 sq ft (12.18 m sq). CLEARANCE: At least 3 ft (0.9144 m) clearance must be maintained between sprinkler deflectors and the top of storage. DENSITY: Sprinkler systems using large drop sprinklers are not designed on a density and area concept. K FACTOR: Large drop sprinklers have a "K" of 11.0 to 11.5 (157.3 to 164.45). It is important to point out that the Extra Large Orifice Sprinkler (ELO) is NOT the same as a Large Drop Sprinkler, however, the K factor is the same, hence the confusion. Sprinkler systems using ELO sprinklers are designed on a density and area basis, the same as standard and large orifice sprinklers. OCCUPANCY: For detailed information pertaining to the occupancies, the minimum operating pressure requirement and the number of operating sprinklers, refer to NFPA 13, 1996 edition chapter 4, and Appendix A. PRESSURE: Large drop sprinklers are designed on a minimum pressure of 25 psi (1.7 bar), and a minimum number of sprinklers operating, and are limited to Wet, Dry and Preaction Systems. SPACING: The spacing between branch lines and sprinklers on branch lines is limited to no more than 12 ft (3.7 m) and no less than 8 ft (2.4 m). STANDARDS: The standards pertaining to large drop sprinklers are published by the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA Standard "13" Installation of sprinkler systems" 1996 edition, chapter 4.

Page 13-3 PIPE DIAMETER : Branch lines pipe diameters are limited to a minimum of 1-1/4" 33 mm ) and a maximum of 2" (51mm), except starter pieces may be 2-1/2" (64 mm). If branch lines are larger than 2" (51mm) in diametr, the sprinkler shall be connected to a riser nipple to elevate the sprinkler as follows: For 2-1/2" (64 mm ) diameter, 13" (330 mm )high. For 3" diameter, (76 mm ), 15" high ( 380 mm). The dimensions are from the centerline of the pipe to the sprinkler deflector. In lieu of "Sprigs", the sprinklers may be offset 90 Deg. horizontally from the branch line, by " Arm-overs".

___ ___ ___ ___ 0 0 0 0 Sprigs ->| | | | ________|_________|_________|_________|_ Elevation view

Branch Line ->

( )----0 <^ | | Armover

Sprinkler

Elevation view End of User's Manual