Syllabus R10 Petrochemical Engineering

Petrochemical Engineering
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS COURSE STRUCTURE AND DETAILED SYLLABUS
PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING For

B.TECH. FOUR YEAR DEGREE COURSE
(Applicable for the batches admitted from 2010-2011)
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

KAKINADA - 533 003, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA
2010-2011
Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Regular)

(Effective for the students admitted in to I year from the Academic Year 2010-2011 and onwards) 1. Award of B.Tech. Degree
A student will be declared eligible for the award of the B. Tech. Degree if he fulfills the following academic regulations. (a) Pursued a course of study for not less than four academic years and not more than eight academic years. However, the student is permitted to write Supplementary examinations for two more years, giving a facility to the student to complete the Degree within 10 academic years. (b) For the award of a degree, candidate has to register for 208 credits and secure 200 credits with compulsory subjects: (compulsory subjects are: all Laboratories and Project work, i.e. the student shall pass all laboratory examinations and project work) 2. Students, who fail to complete their Four years Course of study within Eight years or fail to acquire the 200 Credits for the award of the degree within ten academic years from the year of their admission, shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their admission shall stand cancelled. 3. Courses of study
The following courses of study are offered at present for specialization in the B.Tech. Course. S. No. Branch Branch Code Abbreviation 01 02 03 04 05 01-CE 02-EEE 03-ME 04-ECE 05-CSE Civil Engineering Electrical and Electronics Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electronics and Communication Engineering Computer Science Engineering
06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17.
08-CHEM Chemical Engineering 10-EIE Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering 11-BME Bio Medical Engineering 12-IT Information Technology 19-ECom.E Electronics and Computer Engineering 21-AE Aeronautical Engineering 23-BT Bio Technology 24-AME Auto Mobile Engineering 25-PCE Petrochemical Engineering 26-MM Mining 27-PT Petroleum Technology / Petroleum Engineering 31-MtE Metallurgical Engineering
And any other course as approved by the authorities of the University from time to time. 4. Distribution and Weightage of Marks (i) The performance of a student in each semester shall be evaluated subject wise with a maximum of 100 marks for theory and 75 marks for practical subject. The project work shall be evaluated for 200 marks.
(ii) For theory subjects the distribution shall be 25 marks for Internal Evaluation and 75 marks for the End - Examinations. (iii) Out of 25 internal marks 15 marks are assigned for subjective exam, 10 marks for objective On Line exam. (iv.) For theory subjects, during the semester there shall be 2 tests. Each test consists of 20 minutes duration objective On Line exam for 10 marks and 120 minutes duration subjective exam for 40 marks. The Objective exam marks for 10 and subjective exam marks scaled for 15 to be added to get test marks for 25 The best of the two tests will be taken for internal marks. The first test to be conducted in 1-4 units and second test in 5-8 units of each semester. Each Objective question paper shall contain 20 objective type questions for 10 marks. This examination is conducted on line
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to train the student for on line examinations such as GRE, GMAT etc. Each subjective type test question paper shall contain 4 questions and all questions need to be answered. The subjective type question paper should be for 40 marks. (v.) For practical subjects there shall be continuous evaluation during the semester for 25 marks for internal exam and 50 marks for semester end examination. Of the 25 marks for internal, 15 marks shall be awarded as follows: day to day work 10 and Record-5, and 10 marks to be awarded by conducting an internal laboratory test. The end examination shall be conducted by the teacher concerned and external examiner. (vi.) For the subject having design and / or drawing, (such as Engineering Graphics, Engineering Drawing, Machine Drawing) and estimation, the distribution shall be 25 marks for internal evaluation ( 15 marks for day to day work, and 10 marks for internal tests) and 75 marks for end examination. There shall be two internal tests in a Semester and the better of the two shall be considered for the award of marks for internal tests. (vii.) Out of a total of 200 marks for the project work, 50 marks shall be for Internal Evaluation and 150 marks for the End Semester Examination. The End Semester Examination (Viva Voce) shall be conducted by the committee. The committee consists of an external examiner, Head of the Department and Supervisor of the Project. The evaluation of project work shall be conducted at the end of the IV year. The Internal Evaluation shall be on the basis of two seminars given by each student on the topic of his project and evaluated by an internal committee. (viii) Laboratory marks and the internal marks awarded by the College are not final. The marks are subject to scrutiny and scaling by the University wherever felt desirable. The internal and laboratory marks awarded by the College will be referred to a Committee. The Committee shall arrive at scaling factor and the marks will be scaled as per the scaling factor. The recommendations of the
Committee are final and binding. The laboratory records and internal test papers shall be preserved in the respective departments as per the University norms and shall be produced to the Committees of the University as and when they ask for. 5. Attendance Requirements: (i.) A student shall be eligible to appear for University examinations if he acquires a minimum of 75% of attendance in aggregate of all the subjects.
(ii.) Condonation of shortage of attendance in aggregate up to 10% (65% and above and below 75%) in each semester for genuine reasons and shall be approved by a committee duly appointed by the college. The condonation approved or otherwise can be reviewed by the University. (iii.) A Student will not be promoted to the next semester unless he satisfies the attendance requirement of the present semester. They may seek re-admission for that semester when offered next. (iv.) Shortage of Attendance below 65% in aggregate shall in NO case be condoned. (v.) Students whose shortage of attendance is not condoned in any semester are not eligible to take their end examination of that class and their registration shall stand cancelled. (vi.) A fee stipulated by the university shall be payable towards condonation of shortage of attendance. 6. Minimum Academic Requirements: The following academic requirements have to be satisfied in addition to the attendance requirements mentioned in item No. 5. (i.) A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the minimum academic requirements and earned the credits allotted to each theory or practical, design or drawing subject or project if he secures not less than 35% of marks in the end examination and a minimum of 40% of marks in the sum total of the internal evaluation and end examination taken together.
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(ii.) A student will be promoted to second year, if he put up the minimum attendance requirement. (iii.) A student shall be promoted from II to III year only if he fulfills the academic requirement of total 48 credits from regular and supplementary examinations of I year and II year examinations, irrespective of whether the candidate takes the examination or not. (iv.) A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth year only if he fulfills the academic requirements of total 76 credits from regular and supplementary examinations of I Year, II Year and III Year examinations, irrespective of whether the candidate takes the examinations or not. (v.) A student shall register and put up minimum attendance in all 208 credits and earn at least 200 credits. Marks obtained in the best of 200 credits shall be considered for the calculation of percentage of marks. (vii.) Students, who fail to complete their Four year Course study within Eight years or fail to acquire the 200 Credits for the award of the degree within ten academic years from the year of their admission, shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their admission shall stand cancelled. 7. Course pattern: (i.) The entire course of study is of four academic years and each year will have TWO Semesters (Total EIGHT Semesters). (ii.) A student eligible to appear for the end examination in a subject, but absent for it or has failed in the end examinations may appear for that subjects supplementary examinations, when offered. (iii.) When a student is detained due to lack of credits / shortage of attendance, he may be re-admitted when the semester is offered after fulfillment of academic regulations. Whereas the academic regulations hold good with the regulations he/she first admitted.
8. Award of Class: After having satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completion of the program, the student shall be eligible for the award of B. Tech Degree and shall be placed in one of the following grades: Class Graded % of marks to be secured E D C B A O 40% to < 50% 50% to < 60% 60% to < 70 % 70 % to < 80 % 80 % to < 90% 90 and above From the aggregate marks secured from the best 200 Credits.
(The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be shown separately in the marks memorandum) 9. Minimum Instruction Days: The minimum instruction days for each semester shall be 95 clear instruction days. 10. There shall be no branch transfer after the completion of admission process. 11. There shall be no transfer within the Constituent Colleges. 12. General: (i.) Where the words he him his, occur in the regulations, they include she, her, hers. (ii.) The academic regulation should be read as a whole for the purpose of any interpretation. (iii.) In the case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the above rules, the decision of the Vice Chancellor is final. (iv.) The University may change or amend the academic regulations or syllabi at any time and the changes or amendments made shall be applicable to all the students with effect from the dates notified by the University.
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Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Lateral Entry Scheme)

(Effective for the students getting admitted into II year from the Academic Year 2011- 2012 and onwards) 1. Award of B. Tech. Degree A student will be declared eligible for the award of the B. Tech. Degree if he fulfills the following academic regulations. (a.) Pursued a course of study for not less than three academic years and not more than six academic years. However, the student is permitted to write Supplementary examinations for two more years, giving a facility to the student to complete the Degree within 8 academic years. (b.) For the award of a degree, candidate has to register for 170 credits and secure 162 credits with compulsory subjects: (compulsory subjects are: all Laboratories and Project work, i.e., the students i.e. the student shall pass all laboratory examinations and project work. 2. Students, who fail to complete their three year Course of study within six years or fail to acquire the 162 Credits for the award of the degree within 8 academic years from the year of their admission, shall forfeit their seat in B. Tech course and their admission shall stand cancelled. 3. Promotion Rule: (a.) A lateral entry student will be promoted from II year to III year if he puts up the minimum required attendance in II year. (b.) A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth only if he fulfills the academic requirements of 56 credits from the II Year and III Year examinations, whether the candidate takes the examinations or not. 4. Award of Class: After having satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completion of the program, the student shall be eligible for the award of B. Tech
Degree and shall be placed in one of the following grades: Class Graded % of marks to be secured E D C B A O 40% to < 50% 50% to < 60% 60% to < 70 % 70 % to < 80 % 80 % to < 90% 90 and above From the aggregate marks secured from the best 162 Credits.
(The marks in internal evaluation and end examination shall be shown separately in the marks memorandum) 5. All other regulations as applicable for B. Tech. Four- year degree course (Regular) will hold good for B.Tech. (Lateral Entry Scheme)
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DISCIPLINARY ACTION FOR MALPRACTICES / IMPROPER CONDUCT IN EXAMINATIONS

Nature of Malpractices/Improper Punishment conduct 1 (a) If the candidate possesses or keeps accessible in examination hall, any paper, note book, programmable calculators, Cell phones, pager, palm computers or any other form of material concerned with or related to the subject of the examination (theory or practical) in which he is appearing but has not made use of (material shall include any marks on the body of the candidate which can be used as an aid in the subject of the examination) If the candidate gives assistance or guidance or receives it from any other candidate orally or by any other body language methods or communicates through cell phones with any candidate or persons in or outside the exam hall in respect of any matter. Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the performance in that subject only.
(b)
Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the performance in that subject only of all the candidates involved. In case of an outsider, he will be handed over to the police and a case is registered against him. Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the performance in that subject and all other subjects the candidate has already appeared including practical examinations and project work and shall not be permitted to appear for the
If the candidate has copied in the examination hall from any paper, book, programmable calculators, palm computers or any other form of material relevant to the subject of the examination (theory or practical) in which the candidate is appearing.
11 remaining examinations of the subjects of that Semester/year. The Hall Ticket of the candidate is to be cancelled and sent to the University.
If the candidate impersonates any The candidate who has other candidate in connection with impersonated shall be the examination. expelled from examination hall. The candidate is also debarred and forfeits the seat. The performance of the original candidate, who has been impersonated, shall be cancelled in all the subjects of the examination (including practicals and project work) already appeared and shall not be allowed to appear for examinations of the remaining subjects of that semester/year. The candidate is also debarred for two consecutive semesters from class work and all University examinations. The continuation of the course by the candidate is subject to the academic regulations in connection with forfeiture of seat. If the imposter is an outsider, he will be handed over to the police and a case is registered against him.
12 4 If the candidate smuggles in the Answer book or additional sheet or takes out or arranges to send out the question paper during the examination or answer book or additional sheet, during or after the examination.
2010-2011 Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of performance in that subject and all the other subjects the candidate has already appeared including practical examinations and project work and shall not be permitted for the remaining examinations of the subjects of that semester/year. The candidate is also debarred for two consecutive semesters from class work and all University examinations. The continuation of the course by the candidate is subject to the academic regulations in connection with forfeiture of seat.
If the candidate uses objectionable, Cancellation of the abusive or offensive language in the performance in that subject. answer paper or in letters to the examiners or writes to the examiner requesting him to award pass marks. If the candidate refuses to obey the orders of the Chief Superintendent/ Assistant -Superintendent / any officer on duty or misbehaves or creates disturbance of any kind in and around the examination hall or organizes a walk out or instigates others to walk out, or threatens the officer-in charge or any person on In case of students of the college, they shall be expelled from examination halls and cancellation of their performance in that subject and all other subjects the candidate(s) has (have) already appeared and shall not be permitted
Petrochemical Engineering duty in or outside the examination hall of any injury to his person or to any of his relations whether by words, either spoken or written or by signs or by visible representation, assaults the officerin-charge, or any person on duty in or outside the examination hall or any of his relations, or indulges in any other act of misconduct or mischief which result in damage to or destruction of property in the examination hall or any part of the College campus or engages in any other act which in the opinion of the officer on duty amounts to use of unfair means or misconduct or has the tendency to disrupt the orderly conduct of the examination. 7 If the candidate leaves the exam hall taking away answer script or intentionally tears of the script or any part thereof inside or outside the examination hall.
13 to appear for the remaining examinations of the subjects of that semester/ year. The candidates also are debarred and forfeit their seats. In case of outsiders, they will be handed over to the police and a police case is registered against them.
Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of performance in that subject and all the other subjects the candidate has already appeared including practical examinations and project work and shall not be permitted for the remaining examinations of the subjects of that semester/year. The candidate is also debarred for two consecutive semesters from class work and all University examinations. The continuation of the course
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If the candidate possesses any lethal weapon or firearm in the examination hall.
Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the performance in that subject and all other subjects the candidate has already appeared including practical examinations and project work and shall not be permitted for the remaining examinations of the subjects of that semester/year. The candidate is also debarred and forfeits the seat. Student of the college, expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the performance in that subject and all other subjects the candidate has already appeared including practical examinations and project work and shall not be permitted for the remaining examinations of the subjects of that semester/year. The candidate is also debarred and forfeits the seat.
If student of the college, who is not a candidate for the particular examination or any person not connected with the college indulges in any malpractice or improper conduct mentioned in clause 6 to 8.
15 Person(s) who do not belong to the College will be handed over to police and. a police case will be registered against them.
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If the candidate comes in a drunken condition to the examination hall.
Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the performance in that subject and all other subjects the candidate has already appeared including practical examinations and project work and shall not be permitted for the remaining examinations of the subjects of that semester/year. Cancellation of the performance in that subject and all other subjects the candidate has appeared including practical examinations and project work of that semester/year examinations.
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Copying detected on the basis of internal evidence, such as, during valuation or during special scrutiny.
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If any malpractice is detected which is not covered in the above clauses 1 to 11 shall be reported to the University for further action to award suitable punishment.
16 Malpractices identified by squad or special invigilators: 1. Punishments to the candidates as per the above guidelines.
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2. Punishment for institutions : (if the squad reports that the college is also involved in encouraging malpractices) (i) (ii) A show cause notice shall be issued to the college. Impose a suitable fine on the college.
(iii) Shifting the examination center from the college to another college for a specific period of not less than one year. Malpractice identified at Nodal Center/Spot Center during valuation The following procedure is to be followed in the case of malpractice cases detected during valuation, scrutiny etc. at Nodal Center/Spot Center. (i) A notice regarding the malpractice, is to be served to the candidate (i) (ii) Through the Principal of the concerned college, To his/her college address
(iii) To his/her permanent address. (ii) A committee consisting of the following is to be constituted at nodal center to process such malpractice cases and the recommendations of the malpractice committee are to be sent to the University. 1. 2. 3. 4. Nodal Officer Principal of the concerned college Chief examiner of that subject/Subject expert from Nodal Centre OIE of nodal centre : : : : Chairman Member Member Convener
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, KAKINADA PETROCHEMICALENGINEERING COURSE STRUCTURE IYEAR I SEMESTER S. No. Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 English I Mathematics - I Engineering Physics I Engineering Chemistry I C Programming Environmental Studies Engineering Physics & Engineering Chemistry Laboratory -I Engineering Workshop (Carpentry, Fitting, House wiring, ) C Programming Lab English - Communication Skills Lab - I Total IYEAR S. No. Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 English II Mathematics II Engineering Physics II Engineering Chemistry II Engineering Drawing Mathematical Methods Engineering Physics & Engineering Chemistry Laboratory -II English - Communication Skills Lab - II IT Workshop Total T 3 3 3 3 3 3 T 3 3 3 3 3 3 P Credits 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 20 II SEMESTER P Credits 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 18
18 IIYEAR S. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Subject Mathematics-III Elements of Mechanical Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Materials Science Chemical Process Calculations Organic Chemistry Basic Engineering (Mech +Elec) Lab Chemistry-III Lab English Communication Practice-I Professional Ethics & Morals I Total T 4 4 4 4 4 4 2
2010-2011 I SEMESTER P Credits 3 3 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 1 29
IIYEAR S. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Subject Probability & Statistics Physical Chemistry Momentum Transfer Mechanical Unit Operations Chemistry of Petroleum Refining Chemical Thermodynamics-I Momentum Transfer Lab Petroleum Analysis Lab English Communication Practice-II Professional Ethics & Morals II Total 6 2 T 4 4 4 4
II SEMESTER P Credits 3 3 2 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 1 29
Petrochemical Engineering IIIYEAR S. No. Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Process Heat Transfer Petroleum Refinery Engineering Chemical Thermodynamics-II Petrochemical Engineering-I Mass Transfer Operations-I Process Instrumentation Process Heat Transfer Lab Mass Transfer Operations Lab IPR & Patents-I Industrial Visits Total IIIYEAR S. No. Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Management Science Petrochemical Engineering-II Mass Transfer Operations II Process Dynamics & Control Process Engineering Economics Chemical Reaction Engineering-I Instrumentation & Process Control Lab Chemical Reaction Engineering Lab IPR & Patents-II Summer Training (4-6 weeks) Total 28 T 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 28 T 4 4 4 4 4 4 2
19 I SEMESTER P Credits 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 -
II SEMESTER P Credits 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 -
20 IVYEAR S. No. 1 2 3 4 5 Subject Transport Phenomena Petroleum Refining & Petrochemical Plant Design Chemical Reaction Engineering-II Energy Management Open Elective (for the students of other branches) * Industrial Bio-Technology * Green Fuel Technologies * Fundamentals of Petroleum Refinery Engineering Elective I * Process Modeling & Simulation * Pipeline Engineering * Petroleum Production Engineering Process Equipment Design & Drawing (Using Auto Cad) Lab Simulation Lab Presentation of Summer Training Report Total IVYEAR S. No. 1 2 Subject Industrial Safety & Hazard Management Elective-II * Fluidization Engineering * Fluid Catalytic Cracking Technology * Heavy Oil Processing Elective-III * Computational methods in Chemical Enginering * Multicomponent Distillation * Optimization Techniques Elective IV * Natural Gas Processing * Coal Bed Methane Engineering * Petroleum Refining & Petrochemical Biotechnology Project Work Total T 4 T 4 4 4 4
2010-2011 I SEMESTER P Credits 4 4 4 4
4 -
3 3
4 2 2 2 30
7 8 9
II SEMESTER P Credits 4
4 10 26
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENGLISH SYLLABUS FOR SEMESTERS I & II Introduction The major challenge of a language teaching in a technical institution is to prepare the student for employability through imparting language skills to develop communicative competence. The proficiency in English language is closely linked to good communication skills more so in the recent times when employability is at stake for want of communication skills on the part of the students. Since skills and personal attributes are revealed through communication, the responsibility of grooming students in life skills is also emphasized as part of language teaching and learning. The core key skills needed are: i) ii) iii) iv) Communication Team Work Problem Solving Learning Skills
The personal attributes to be groomed are: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x) Adaptability Commitment Enthusiasm Stress Management Integrity Sense of Humour Self-Motivation Reliability Self-esteem Personal Presentation
Since the inception of the Board of Studies for English, effort to design a Course Structure that would cater to the needs of a wide range of learner groups has been made. It was felt by the Board that the Course Structure has to take into consideration the above criteria and therefore the objectives of the Language course ought to be much focused.
22 Objectives 1:
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To improve the language proficiency of technical under graduates in English with emphasis on LSRW skills. 1.1: To provide learning environment to practice listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills within and beyond the classroom environment. 1.2: To assist the students to carry on the tasks and activities through guided instructions and materials.
2:
To effectively integrate English language learning with employability skills and training. 2.1: To design the main course material and exercises with authentic materials drawn from everyday use to cater to everyday needs. The material may be culled from newspaper articles, advertisements, promotional material etc. 2.2: To provide hands-on experience through case-studies, miniprojects, group & individual presentations.
Each chapter will be structured with a short passage or collage of passages for reading. All further exercises and activities will draw upon the broad subject of the passage(s), and use functional and situational approach
Chapter / Grammar & vocabulary Reading comprehension based on the passage(s): multiplechoice questions asking students to derive sense of a word from the context provided by a sentence, short questions asking students to sum up the key points of a passage, encouraging students to address not only explicit statement but also implied meaning. Dialogues from situations related to what Writing and analysis has been encountered in the reading passages.; the dialogues may now be Instructions on how to lay out a piece of used in a role-play, and in groups, writing, and exercises where students may analyze them for meaning are asked to generate their own write-and implications, and ultimately engage in ups dialogues of their own making. Reading & comprehension Listening & speaking Objectives achieved Core skills and personal attributes through the exercises developed through the exercises Plan of evaluation
A three-tier system, allowing the student to work through self-assessment, assessment by peers, and finally, assessment by the teacher.
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Chapter 1 .Read & Proceed The importance of the language used for communication: Understanding the need for English in the wider world, and the opportunities afforded by a strong command of the language Assessing ones level within the language, and understanding the ways in which grasp of the language can be bettered Understanding the basic structure of the sentence. English: subject verb object - Functional grammar exercise: Students may discuss in groups or pairs when, why and where English is used. What, for example, if they have to face a job in
Short extracts from: 1.An interview with Arundhati Roy 2.Jawaharlal Nehrus Tryst with Destiny speech 3.Albert Einsteins essay The World As I See It
Sentences Understanding and using the basic structure of the sentence in English (subject verb object); creating sentences; understanding the different kinds of sentences (whether a statement, or a question, or an exclamation, and so on)
Small conversations between : 1.A student and a hostel warden 2.An interviewer and an interviewee 3.Two friends together preparing for an oral examination at college
Communication teamwork, problem solving, learning skills
Enhanced learnerparticipation, development of linguistic proficiency
Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be pr ovided]
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tion? Potential areas of focus and evaluation: Changing nouns to the related adjectives Changing adjectives to the related nouns Replacing nouns with pronouns while retaining the meaning of the sentence Chapter 3. Gender Verbs and adverbs: Understanding the placement of a verb within a sentence Understanding tenses Understanding the use of adverbs to describe verbs Functional grammar exercise: Students may be asked to consider recent news headlines for remarkable stories involving women. How are either the events or the women remark Reading and analysis of short extracts from four newspaper/journal pieces: 1. The Telegraph report on the 20year old Burdwan girl who walked out of her marriage in revolt of her in-laws demands for dowry 2. A perspective on astronaut Kalpana Chawlas achievemen t 3.The inspirational story of a young woman who survived Essays and arguments Understanding that an essay or argument is a descriptive or persuasive piece of writing that needs to be organized as a succession of paragraphs; introducing the chief concerns in the first paragraph, and providing a layout of how the argument is going to be structured; developing the main thrust of the argument in the succeeding paragraphs; making smooth tran Short exchanges be twe e n: 1 .Two friends, on an issue of contemporary interest 2 .A reporter and a talk-show guest 3. A teacher and a student in school Communication, teamwork, commitment, integrity, selfmotivation, selfesteem Enhanced learnerparticipation, development of linguistic proficiency, development of critical thinking [Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be provided]
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able? What have these women done, or what do they do? What words of action are used to talk about the accomplishments of the women? How are actions of the past differentiated from actions of the present and actions yet to be performed? How (using what adverbs) are those actions qualified? Potential areas of focus and evaluation: Changing verbs to the related adverbs Changing adverbs to the related verbs Using verbs in their correct tenses, deriving the sense from the rest of the sentence.
child-marriage 4.Sudha Murthys write on what it is possible for women to achieve
sitions between ideas and paragraphs(using appropriate connecting words or phrases); winding to a conclusion by drawing the various strings of the argument together
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Chapter 4. Disaster Reading and analysis M anag e me nt of a short piece on the Articles and punctua- tsunami tion: Understanding the uses of a, an, and the Understanding the uses of words/phrases expressing quantity, like some, a bit of, more, etc. Understanding and using correct punctuation to convey meaning Functional grammar exercise: Students may be asked to imagine that in the aftermath of a natural disaster, they are part of a relief team effort. When asked to effectively identify the needs of the situation, how do they plan to go about providing necessary aid? Is an ambulance to be ar
Official letters and emails Effectively using the format of official communication: providing ones own address and contact details, documenting the date and place from which the communication is sent, the salutation used for the addressee, the main body of the letter or email (keeping it comprehensive but to the point), and signing off
Dialogues between: 1.a social worker and an earthquake victim 2.two doctors working in an area afflicted by natural disaster 3.two school students campaigning to raise relief money
Communication, teamwork, problem solving, adaptability, stress management, reliability, integrity
Enhanced learnerparticipation, development of linguistic proficiency, functional approach to problem solving, enabling group work
[Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be provided]
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ranged for? Or a medical tent set up? Are adequate first-aid supplies available? Do more rations need to be fetched? Could there be a tie-up with an overseas relief organization? Chapter 5 Health Pr epositio ns, conjunctions and e xc lamatio ns: Understanding the use of prepositions words that connect verbs with their objects Understanding that certain verbs use certain prepositions Understanding the uses of common prepositions: to, for, at, by, of, and so on Understanding the uses of conjunctions and exclamations Reading and analysis of three different kinds of writing, and comparisons between them: 1 .A Government of India report on the success of nationwide campaigns for polio vaccination 2 .A vegetarians perspective on what makes for healthy living 3 .An athletes say on the benefits of lifelong exercise Reports Learning the difference between an essay, for example, and a report; learning to identify the key points of an event or incident, and documenting them briefly but in a manner that conveys both the temper and the unfolding of the event; understanding what is meant by a target readership, and learning to tailor the piece to the needs of that readership Brief exchanges be twe e n: 1 .A father and his son/daughter, as he explains the importance of staying fit 2 .A friends discussing the ideal diet 3 .A campus counsellor and a student Personal presentation, stress-management, commitment, enthusiasm,, self-motiva tion Development of linguistic proficiency, functional approach to problem solving [Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be provided]
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Functional grammar exercise: Students may be asked to propose ways in which healthier living might be attained eating better and exercising, drinking plenty of water, partaking fresh vegetables from the Market, and so on. Possible exercises may be framed around: Filling in blanks within sentences Distinguishing between different meanings possible through the use of different prepositions with the same verbs
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Chapter 6 Sports : Revision of all elements of grammar handled thus far, through evocative descriptions of State or national or international level sports stories, and discussion of them. Functional grammar exercise: Students may, in pairs, be asked to present an account of a memorable sports meet or game. The use of nouns pronouns, and adjectives should help to clarify exactly what event is being talked about. Judicious use of adjective will help provide the context: how important the game or match was, where it was held, and so on. In a brief account of the game, verbs and adverbs will
Reading and analysis of two of four short pieces in depiction of: 1 .Opportunities for men and women in sports 2 .A decisive moment in a game 3 .Expectation and failure 4. The attitude of sportsmanship
Presentations Learning to identify the key elements of any issue and putting them down as succinct points; structuring the points so that they may be elaborated on according to necessity; understanding the progression of points so that no important element is missed out, but also, repetitions are avoided
Small conversations Teamwork, integrity, between: self-motivation, self1 . A fitness instructor esteem, commitment and a trainee 2 . Two friends discussing a possible career in sports 3 . Two friends discussing their favorite game
Development of linguistic proficiency, functional approach to problem solving
[Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be provided]
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be necessary to report exactly what happened. If the account has to be detailed and lively, students will be obliged to use the correct forms and tenses. Of course, throughout, not only will the right inflections and articles be necessary, so too will the precise use of prepositions.
Book: Step by Step : Learning Language and Life Skills by Pearson Longman; Pearson Publishers Lab Manual: Strengthen your Steps (A Multimodal course in communication skills) by Maruthi Publications
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. MATHEMATICS-I UNIT I Differential equations of first order and first degree exact, linear and Bernoulli. Applications to Newtons Law of cooling, Law of natural growth and decay, orthogonal trajectories. UNIT II Non-homogeneous linear differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients with RHS term of the type e ax , Sin ax, cos ax, polynomials in x, e ax V(x), xV(x) UNIT-III Generalized Mean Value theorem (without proof) Functions of several variables Functional dependence- Jacobian- Maxima and Minima of functions of two variables with constraints and without constraints. UNIT-IV Curve tracing Cartesian - Polar and Parametric curves. UNIT V Applications of Integration to Lengths, Volumes and Surface areas of revolution in Cartesian and Polar Coordinates. UNIT VI Multiple integrals - double and triple integrals change of variables Change of order of Integration. UNIT VII Vector Differentiation: Gradient- Divergence- Curl and their related properties of sums-products- Laplacian and second order operators. UNIT-VIII Vector Integration - Line integral work done Potential function areasurface and volume integrals Vector integral theorems: Greens, Stokes and Gauss Divergence Theorems (Without proof) and related problems.
Petrochemical Engineering TEXT BOOK: 1.
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A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics I by U. M. Swamy, P. Vijaya Lakshmi, Dr. M. P.K.Kishore and Dr. K.L. Sai Prasad Excel Books, New Delhi
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Engineering Mathematics, Vol- 1, Dr. D. S.C. Prism Publishers Engineering Mathematics, B. V. Ramana, Tata Mc Graw Hill Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreszig, 8 Ed. Wiley Student Edition
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENGINEERING PHYSICS -1 UNIT-1 INTERFERENCE: Superposition of waves - Youngs double slit experiment - Coherence - Interference in thin films by reflection -Newtons rings. UNIT-II DIFFRACTION: Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffractions - Fraunhofer diffraction at a single slit - Double slit - Diffraction grating - Grating spectrum Resolving power of a grating - Rayleighs criterion for resolving power. UNIT-III POLARIZATION: Types of Polarization - Double refraction - Nicol prism - Quarter wave plate and Half wave plate. UNIT-IV CRYSTAL STRUCTURE: Introduction - Space lattice - Basis - Unit cell Lattice parameters - Bravais lattices - Crystal systems - Structure and packing fractions of simple cubic, Body centered cubic, Face centered cubic crystals. UNIT-V X-RAY DIFFRACTION: Directions and planes in crystals - Miller indices - Separation between successive [h k 1] planes - Diffraction of X - rays by crystal planes - Braggs law - Laue method -Powder method. UNIT-VI LASERS: Introduction - Characteristics of lasers - Spontaneous and Stimulated emission of radiation -Einsteins coefficients - Population inversion - Ruby laser - Helium -Neon laser - Semiconductor laser Applications of lasers in industry, scientific and medical fields. UNIT-VII FIBER OPTICS: Introduction - Principle of optical fiber - Acceptance angle and acceptance cone -Numerical aperture - Types of optical fibers and refractive index profiles - Attenuation in optical fibers -Application of optical fibers.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT -VIII
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING USING ULTRASONICS: Ultrasonic Testing - Basic Principle -Transducer - Couplant and Inspection Standards Inspection Methods - Pulse Echo Testing Technique -Flaw Detector Different Types of Scans - Applications. TEXT BOOK: 1. Perspective of Engineering Physics by Dr.M.Sri Rama Rao (Retd Prof. in Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam), Dr.N.Chaudhary and D.Prasad, Pub: Acme Learning.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Engineering Physics by S. Mani Naidu ( Pearson publishers ) Engineering Physics by Sanjay D Jain and Girish G Sahasrabudhe (University press) Engineering Physics by alik and A K Singh (Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishing company Limited)
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY I CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS UNIT-I 1. JOULE THOMSON EFFECT Definitions of Enthalpy, Free Energy, Entropy, Principle and explanation of Joule Thomson Effect, application to Air Conditioning , Refrigeration (WORKING PRINCIPLE AND FLOW DIAGRAMS) 2. OSMOSIS &REVERSE OSMOSIS Principles of Osmosis& Reverse Osmosis, application to Desalination process-Types of Membranes used in desalination processLimitations 3. LECHATELIERS PRINCIPLE Definition of Petrochemical Equilibrium, Factors influence the Petrochemical Equilibrium, Statement and explanation of Lechateliers principle- Industrial applications for the production of Sulphuric Acid and Ammonia 4. SOLUBILITY PRODUCT& COMMON ION EFFECT Definition of Solubility & Ionic products, Industrial applications UNIT-II 1. CATALYSIS Explanation of Catalysis, Criteria of Catalysts, Few Industrial Catalysts 2. COLLOIDS Explanation of Colloids- Properties of Colloids, Industrial applications of Colloids 3. FERMENTATION Explanation of Fermentation with examples-Industrial applications 4. VISCOSITY: Definition of Viscosity -Factors influence the Viscosity- Kinematic
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Viscosity-Determination of Molecular Weight of any one compoundApplications to fluids in motion Type of flow. UNIT-III 1. FLUORESENCE&PHOSPHORESENCE LUMINISCENT COMPOUNDS Explanation of Fluorescence &Phosphorescence JOB s Diagram, Industrial applications of Chemiluminiscent compounds 2. PHOTO & LIGHT RESPONSIVE COMPOUNDS SENSORS,BIOSENSORS Explanation of Sensors & Biosensors-Principle Few Applications 3. IONSELECTIVE ELECTRODES Principle- Chemistry &working of Electrode-applications to determination of Fluoride,Chloride and Nitrate 4. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE(NMR) : Principle Few Electronic applications UNIT-IV 1. SUPERCONDUCTIVTY Definition-Preparation Properties Engineering Applications 2. SEMICONDUCTORS Definition Types of semiconductors (Stiochiometric,Non stichometric , Organic, Controlled Valency Semiconductors, Doping )-applications 3. STORAGE DEVICES Materials used and working of Floppy, CD, Pendrive etc. 4. LIQUID CRYSTALS Definition Types - applications in LCD and Engineering, Applications. UNIT V THERMAL ENERGY- introduction to solid fuels definition calorific value (LCV, HCV) bomb calorimeter, pulverized coal carbonization
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analysis of coal (proximate and ultimate analysis) working of thermal power station. UNIT - VI Petrochemical sources of energy single electrode potential Nernest Equation- reference electrodes concentration cells-primary and secondary cells fuel cells. UNIT-VII NUCLEAR ENERGY: Introduction to nuclear fuels binding energy nuclear fission and fusion reactions nuclear reactions disposal of nuclear wastes. UNIT-VIII SOLAR CELLS- introduction harnessing solar energy solar heaters photo voltaic cells solar reflection green house concepts. *Teachers Are Requested To Provide Information About National And International Status Of Conventional And Non Conventional Sources To The Students TEXT BOOK : 1. A Text Book Of Engineering Chemistry By N.Krisha Murty, Anuradha, Maruthi Publications.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. C- PROGRAMMING UNIT I: INTRODUCTION: Computer systems, Hardware & software concepts. PROBLEM SOLVING: Algorithm / pseudo code, flowchart, program development steps, Computer Languages: machine, symbolic, and highlevel languages, Creating and running programs: Writing, editing, compiling, linking, and executing. BASICS OF C: Structure of a C program, identifiers, basic data types and sizes. Constants, variables, arithmetic, relational and logical operators, increment and decrement operators, conditional operator, assignment operators, expressions, type conversions, conditional expressions, precedence and order of evaluation, Sample programs. UNIT II: BIT-WISE OPERATORS: logical, shift, rotation, masks. SELECTION MAKING DECISIONS: Two-way selection: if- else, null else, nested if, examples, Multi-way selection: switch, else-if, examples. UNIT III: STRINGS: concepts, c strings. ITERATIVE: Loops - while, do-while and for statements, break, continue, initialization and updating, event and counter controlled loops, Looping applications: Summation, powers, smallest and largest. UNIT IV: ARRAYS: Arrays - concepts, declaration, definition, accessing elements, storing elements, Strings and string manipulations, 1-D arrays, 2-D arrays and character arrays, string manipulations, Multidimensional arrays , Array applications: Matrix Operations, checking the symmetricity of a Matrix, UNIT V: FUNCTIONS-MODULAR PROGRAMMING: Functions, basics, parameter passing, storage classes- extern, auto, register, static, scope rules, block
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structure, user defined functions, standard library functions, recursive functions, Recursive solutions for Fibonacci series, Towers of Hanoi, header files, C pre-processor, example c programs. Passing 1-D arrays, 2D arrays to functions. UNIT VI: POINTERS: Pointers- concepts, initialization of pointer variables, pointers and function arguments, passing by address dangling memory, address arithmetic, Character pointers and functions, pointers to pointers, pointers and multidimensional arrays, dynamic memory management functions, command line arguments. UNIT VII: ENUMERATED, STRUCTURE AND UNION TYPES: Derived typesstructures- declaration, definition and initialization of structures, accessing structures, nested structures, arrays of structures, structures and functions, pointers to structures, self referential structures, unions, typedef, bitfields, program applications. UNIT VIII: FILE HANDLING: Input and output concept of a file, text files and binary files, Formatted I/o, file I/o operations, example programs. TEXT BOOK: 1. The C Programming Language, B.W. Kernighan, Dennis M. Ritchie, PHI
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. C Programming : A Problem - Solving Approach, Forouzan, E. V. Prasad, Giliberg, Cengage, 2010. Programming in C, Stephen G. Kochan, 3/e Pearson, 2007.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES UNIT - I Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope and Importance Need for Public Awareness. UNIT - II Natural Resources : Renewable and non-renewable resources Natural resources and associated problems Forest resources Use and over exploitation, deforestation, case studies Timber extraction Mining, dams and other effects on forest and tribal people Water resources Use and over utilization of surface and ground water Floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams benefits and problems - Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies. - Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies. Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non-renewable energy sources use of alternate energy sources. Case studies. Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and desertification. Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources. Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles. UNIT - III Ecosystems : Concept of an ecosystem. - Structure and function of an ecosystem. - Producers, consumers and decomposers. - Energy flow in the ecosystem - Ecological succession. - Food chains, food webs and ecological pyramids. - Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the following ecosystem: a. b. c. d. Forest ecosystem Grassland ecosystem Desert ecosystem Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)
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Biodiversity and its conservation : Introduction - Definition: genetic, species andecosystem diversity. - Bio-geographical classification of India - Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values - . Biodiversity at global, National and local levels. - . India as a mega-diversity nation - Hot-sports of biodiversity Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts. - Endangered and endemic species of India Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. UNIT - V Environmental Pollution : Definition, Cause, effects and control measures of : a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Air pollution Water pollution Soil pollution Marine pollution Noise pollution Thermal pollution Nuclear hazards
Solid waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial wastes. - Role of an individual in prevention of pollution. - Pollution case studies. - Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides. UNIT - VI Social Issues and the Environment: From Unsustainable to Sustainable development -Urban problems related to energy -Water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management -Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns. Case Studies -Environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions. -Climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust. Case Studies. Wasteland reclamation. Consumerism and waste products. -Environment Protection Act. -Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act -Wildlife Protection Act -Forest
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Conservation Act -Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation. -Public awareness. UNIT - VII Human Population and the Environment: Population growth, variation among nations. Population explosion Family Welfare Programme. Environment and human health. -Human Rights. -Value Education. HIV/ AIDS. -Women and Child Welfare. -Role of information Technology in Environment and human health. Case Studies. Page 37 of 79 UNIT - VIII Field work : Visit to a local area to document environmental assets River /forest grassland/hill/mountain -Visit to a local polluted site Urban/Rural/ industrial/ Agricultural Study of common plants, insects, birds. -Study of simple cosystemspond, river, hill slopes, etc. TEXT BOOK : 1. An Introduction to Environmental Studies by B. Sudhakara Reddy, T. Sivaji Rao, U. Tataji & K. Purushottam Reddy, Maruti Publications.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Text Book of Environmental Studies by Deeshita Dave & P. Udaya Bhaskar, Cengage Learning. Environmental Studies by K.V.S.G. Murali Krishna, VGS Publishers, Vijayawada Text Book of Environmental Sciences and Technology by M. Anji Reddy, BS Publications.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENGINEERING PHYSICS & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY LABORATORY-1 PHYSICS LAB-I A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. B. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Mechanics Determine the Rigidity Modulus of the material of the wire using Torsional Pendulum. Determine the Frequency of vibration in Transverse and Longitudinal Mode using Meldes Apparatus. Verify the Laws Transverse vibrations in stretched strings using Sonometer. Determine the Velocity of Sound by Volume Resonator method. Determine the Acceleration due to Gravity and Radius of Gyration using Compound Pendulum. Optics: Determine the Wavelength of a source by Normal Incidence method using Diffraction Grating. Determine the Radius Curvature of a convex lens by forming Newtons Rings. Determine the Refractive Index of the material of Prism (Minimum Deviation method) using Spectrometer. Determine the Thickness of the Spacer used to form Parallel fringes due to Wedge shaped film. Determination of Single slit diffraction using Lasers.
Manual/Record Books: 1. 2. Manual cum Record for Engineering Phaysics Lab-1, by Prof.Sri M. Rama Rao, Acme Learning. Lab manual 1, of Engineering Physics by Dr. Y.Aparna and Dr. K.Venkateswara Rao (VGS Books links, Vijayawada )
Petrochemical Engineering CHEMISTRY LAB - 1 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
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1. Introduction to Chemistry Lab (the teachers are expected to teach fundamentals like Primary, Secondary Standard Solutions , Normality, Molarity, Molality etc and laboratory ware used, error ,accuracy, precision, Theory of indicators, use of volumetric titrations 2. Introduction to Volumetric Analysis: The Teacher has to perform four types of volumetric titrations and will explain about the Working of Indicators .(The Teacher has to call the students at random to perform the titrations) 2. ANALYSIS OF WATER Estimation of : a. Calcium, Magnesium, Iron (111), Zinc (SEPERATELY) b. TOTAL HARDNESS BY EDTA METHOD c. TURBIDITY d. CONDUCTIVITY e pH f. TOTAL DISSOLVED SALTS g. FLORIDES,CHLORIDES AND NITRATES ( USING ION ANALYSER OR BY COLORIMETER) h. DISSOLVED OXYGEN i BACTERIAL COUNT The student has to get his water sample and the teacher has to explain the analysis and the results are to be compared with the INDIAN STANDRDS. All the teachers are requested to give top priority to water analysis as it is very useful for the students and society. complete water analysis may take couple of hours more but this has a unique influence on the system. 3. CONSTRUCTION OF GALVANIC CELL Based on the position of the metals in the electroPetrochemical series a model ElectroPetrochemical Cell is constructed and the values are determined and effect of metal ion concentration, Temprature etc. on emf are calculated. Lab Manual : Engineering chemistry laboratory manual &record By srinivasulu .d parshva publications.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENGINEERING WORKSHOP Note: At least two exercises to be done from each trade. Trade: Carpentry 1. T-Lap Joint 2. Cross Lap Joint 3. Dovetail Joint 4. Mortise and Tennon Joint Fitting 1. Vee Fit 2. Square Fit 3. Half Round Fit 4. Dovetail Fit Black Smithy 1. Round rod to Square 2. S-Hook 3. Round Rod to Flat Ring 4. Round Rod to Square headed bolt House Wiring 1. Parallel / Series Connection of three bulbs 2. Stair Case wiring 3. Florescent Lamp Fitting 4. Measurement of Earth Resistance Tin Smithy 1. Taper Tray 2. Square Box without lid 3. Open Scoop 4. Funnel
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. C PROGRAMMING LAB Objectives: To learn/strengthen a programming language like C, To learn problem solving techniques
Recommended Systems/Software Requirements: Intel based desktop PC, ANSI C Compiler with Supporting Editors, IDEs such as Turbo C, Bloodshed C, Linux with gcc compiler
Exercise l Solving problems such as temperature conversion, student grading, income tax calculation, etc., which expose students to use basic C operators Exercise 2 2s complement of a number is obtained by scanning it from right to left and complementing all the bits after the first appearance of a 1. Thus 2s complement of 11100 is 00100. Write a C program to find the 2s complement of a binary number. Exercise 3 a) b) Write a C program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer. A Fibonacci sequence is defined as follows: the first and second terms in the sequence are 0 and 1. Subsequent terms are found by adding the preceding two terms in the sequence. Write a C program to generate the first n terms of the sequence. Write a C program to generate all the prime numbers between 1 and n, where n is a value supplied by the user. Write a program which checks a given integer is Fibonacci number or not.
c) d)
Exercise 4 a) Write a C program to calculate the following Sum:
48 Sum=1-x2/2! +x4/4!-x6/6!+x8/8!-x10/10! b)
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Write a C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation.
Exercise 5 a) The total distance travelled by vehicle int seconds is given by distance = ut+1/2at2 where u and a are the initial velocity (m/sec.) and acceleration (m/sec2). Write C program to find the distance travelled at regular intervals of time given the values of u and a. The program should provide the flexibility to the user to select his own time intervals and repeat the calculations for different values of u and a. Write a C program, which takes two integer operands and one operator form the user, performs the operation and then prints the result. (Consider the operators +,-,*, /, % and use Switch Statement)
b)
Exercise 6 a) b) Simple programming examples to manipulate strings. Verifying a string for its palindrome property
Exercise 7 Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations: i. ii. iii. To insert a sub-string in to given main string from a given position. To delete n Characters from a given position in a given string. To replace a character of string either from beginning or ending or at a specified location
Exercise 8 Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations using Structure: i) ii) iii) iv) Reading a complex number Writing a complex number Addition of two complex numbers Multiplication of two complex numbers
Petrochemical Engineering Exercise 9 a) b) c) Addition of Two Matrices Calculating transpose of a matrix in-place manner. Matrix multiplication by checking compatibility
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Exercise 10 a) Write C programs that use both recursive and non-recursive functions for the following i) ii) integers. iii) To find the factorial of a given integer. To find the GCD (greatest common divisor) of two given To solve Towers of Hanoi problem.
Exercise 11 a) b) Write a C functions to find both the largest and smallest number of an array of integers. Write a C function that uses functions to perform the following: i) that displays the position/ index in the string S where the string T begins, or 1 if S doesnt contain T.
ii) to count the lines, words and characters in a given text. Exercise 12 a) b) Write a C function to generate Pascals triangle. Write a C function to construct a pyramid of numbers.
Exercise 13 Write a C function to read in two numbers, x and n, and then compute the sum of this geometric progression: 1+x+x2+x3+.+xn Write a C function to read in two numbers, x and n(no. of terms), and then compute sin(x) and cos(x). Exercise 14 a. Pointer based function to exchange value of two integers using passing by address.
50 b. c. Program which explains the use of dynamic arrays.
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Program to enlighten dangling memory problem (Creating a 2-D array dynamically using pointer to pointers approach.
Exercise 15 Examples which explores the use of structures, union and other user defined variables Exercise 16 a) b) Write a C program which copies one file to another. Write a C program to reverse the first n characters in a file. (Note: The file name and n are specified on the command line)
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB -I UNIT-1 Section -A Hello, Im.. Section B Practicing Sounds UNIT 2 Section A I Would Love to ..but SectionB practicing Sounds UNIT -3 SectionWith your permission I would to
Section-B Practicing Sounds UNIT-4 Section-A Why dont we.. Section-B Practicing Sounds UNIT-5 Section-A Could you Please.. Section-B practicing Sounds
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. MATHEMATICS-II UNIT I Laplace transforms of standard functions Shifting Theorems, Transforms of derivatives and integrals Unit step function Diracs delta function. UNIT II Inverse Laplace transforms Convolution theorem - Application of Laplace transforms to ordinary differential equations Partial fractions. UNIT III Fourier Series: Determination of Fourier coefficients Fourier series even and odd functions Fourier series in an arbitrary interval Halfrange sine and cosine series. UNIT IV Fourier integral theorem (only statement) Fourier sine and cosine integrals - Fourier transform sine and cosine transforms properties inverse transforms Finite Fourier transforms. UNIT V Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary functions solutions of first order linear (Lagrange) equation and nonlinear (standard type) equations. UNIT VI Method of Separation of Variables - Applications to wave equation, heat equation and Laplace Equation. UNIT VII Z-transform properties Damping rule Shifting rule Initial and final value theorems -Inverse z-transform -Convolution theorem Solution of difference equation by z-transforms. UNIT VIII Gamma and Beta Functions Properties Evaluation of improper integrals.
Petrochemical Engineering TEXT BOOK: 1.
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Swamy,U.M., Vijayalaxmi, P.,Ravikumar, R.V.G., and Phani Krishna Kishore., Mathematics II, Excel Books, New Delhi.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. B.V.Ramana, Engineering Mathematics, Tata Mc Graw Hill. Iyengar,T.K.V, Krishna Gandhi, et.al Engineering Mathematics Vol-II, S.Chand Co. New Delhi. Erwin Kreszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8 Ed, Wiley Student Edition.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. ENGINEERING PHYSICS - II UNIT-I QUANTUM MECHANICS & QUANTUM COMPUTING: Introduction Schrodinger Time Independent and Time Dependent wave equations Particle in a box - Operator version -Suitability of Quantum system for Information Processing - Classical Bits and Qu-Bits - Blochs Sphere Quantum Gates - Multiple Qu-Bits - Advantages of Quantum Computing over classical Computation. UNIT-II ELECTRON THEORY OF METALS: Classical free electron theory - Mean free path - Relaxation time and drift velocity - Quantum free electron theory - Fermi - Dirac (analytical) and its dependence on temperature Fermi energy - Electron scattering and resistance. UNIT-HI BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS: Bloch theorem (qualitative) - Kronig Penney model - Origin of energy band formation in solids - Classification of materials into conductors, semiconductors & insulators -Concept of effective mass of an electron. UNIT-IV MAGNETIC PROPERTIES: Permeability - Magnetization - Orgin of magnetic moment - Classification of Magnetic materials - Dia, para and ferromagnetism -Domain and Weiss field theory - Hysteresis Curve - Soft and Hard magnetic materials. UNIT-V SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: General properties - Meissner effect - Penetration depth - Type I and type II superconductors - Flux quantization - DC and AC Josephson effect - BCS Theory - Applications of superconductors. UNIT-VI DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES: Introduction - Dielectric constant - Electronic, ionic and orientational polarizations - Internal fields in solids - ClausiusMossotti equation - Dielectrics in alternating fields -frequency dependence
Petrochemical Engineering of the polarizability - Ferro and Piezo electricity. UNIT-VII
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SEMICONDUCTORS: Introduction - Intrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration - Equation for conductivity - Extrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration - Drift and diffusion - Einsteins equation - Hall effect - Direct & indirect band gap semiconductors. UNIT -VIII PHYSICS OF NANO MATERIALS: Introduction - Properties and prepation of Nano Materials -Surface occupancy - Reduction of Dimensionality - 4D -Force vector - Quantum wires - Quantum dots and Quantum wells Density of states and Energy spectrum - Nanotubes - Applications of nanomaterials. TEXT BOOK: Perspective of Engineering Physics - II by M Sri Ramarao, Nityananda Choudary, Daruka Prasad, ACME Learning. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Solid State Physics by A J Dekker , Mcmilan India Ltd. A Text Book of Engineering Physics , by Bhattacharya & Bhaskara, Oxford University Press Engineering Physics by K Shiva Kumar, Prism Books Pvt. Ltd
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY II UNIT-I POLYMERS: Introduction - Types of polymers Classification - Methods of polymerisation Stereo specific polymers - Ziegler Natta catalysis Properties of polymers Conducting Polymers- Engineering applications Biodegradable polymers - Individual polymers(Preparation ,Properities,Uses of Poly Styrene, PVC, PTFE, Bakelites, Cellulose derivatives, Poly Carbonates) UNIT-II PLASTICS Types Compounding of plastics- Moulding(Four types)Fiber reinforced , Glass fibre reinforced plastics Bullet Proof Plastics Properties of plastics Engineering applications UNIT-III RUBBERS & ELASTOMERS: Introduction Preparation Vulcanization Properties - Engineering applications. Buna-S,Buna-N, - Poly Urethane - Engineering applications of Elastomers UNIT-IV NANO MATERIALS Introduction to Nano materials-preparation of few Nano materials(Carbon Nano Tubes,Fullerenes etc)-Properities of Nano materials- Engineering applications. UNIT-V BUILDING MATERIALS(CEMENT,REFRACTORIES,CRAMICS): CEMENT Introduction, Manufacturing of Portland Cement(Dry &We Process )Chemistry of Setting and Hardening of Cement-Effect of Carbon dioxide,Sulphur Dioxide ,Chloride on Cement concrete. REFRACTORIES Introduction-Classification Properties-Applications
Petrochemical Engineering CERAMICS
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Introduction-Classification Glazed &Unglazed Ceramics -PropertiesEngineering Applications. UNIT-VI FUEL TECHNOLOGY Introduction to Liquid Fuels-Classification of Crude Oil-Fractional Distillation-Cracking (Thermal &Catalytic), Polymerization-Refining &Reforming Working of Internal Combustion Engine, Heated ChambersKnocking AntiKnocking Agents-Octane &Cetane Number. LUBRICANTS Definition and Explanation of Lubrication-Mechanism of Lubrication Types of Lubricants-Properties of Lubricants-Engineering applications UNIT-VII CORROSION Mechanism- Factors influence the rate of corrosion Types of Corrosion -Protection methods (Anodic & Cathodic protection), - Metallic Coatings - Paints, Varnishes, Enamels , Special paints. UNIT-VIII GREEN CHEMISTRY Introduction-Concepts- Engineering Applications TEXT BOOK : 1. A Text book of engineering chemistry by Srinivasulu D. Parshva publications.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. ENGINEERING DRAWING UNIT-I Polygons-Construction of Regular Polygons using given length of a side; Ellipse- Arcs of Circles and Oblong Methods; Scales-Vernier and Diagonal Scales. UNIT-II Introduction to Orthographic Projections; Projections of Points; Projections of Straight Lines parallel to both planes; Projections of Straight LinesParallel to one and inclined to other plane. UNIT-III Projections of Straight Lines inclined to both planes, determination of true lengths, angle of inclinations and traces. UNIT-IV Projections of Planes; Regular Planes Perpendicular / Parallel to one Reference Plane and inclined to other Reference Plane; inclined to both the Reference Planes. UNIT-V Projections of Solids-Prisms and Cylinders with the axis inclined to one Plane. UNIT-VI Projections of Solids- Pyramids and Cones with the axis inclined to one plane. UNIT-VII Conversion of Isometric Views to Orthographic Views. UNIT-VIII Conversion of Orthographic Views to Isometric Projections and Views.
Petrochemical Engineering TEXT BOOK: 1. Engineering Drawing by N.D. Bhat, Chariot Publications
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REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Engineering Drawing by M.B. Shah and B.C. Rana, Pearson Publishers Engineering Drawing by Dhananjay A. Jolhe, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers Engineering Graphics for Degree by K.C. John, PHI Publishers
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. MATHEMATICAL METHODS UNIT I Linear systems of equations: Rank-Echelon form, Normal form Solution of Linear Systems Direct Methods- Gauss Elimination - Gauss Jordon and Gauss Seidal Methods. UNIT II Eigen values - Eigen vectors Properties Cayley-Hamilton Theorem Inverse and powers of a matrix by using Cayley-Hamilton theorem. UNIT-III Quadratic forms- Reduction of quadratic form to canonical form Rank Positive, negative definite - semi definite - index signature. UNIT IV Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations: Introduction The Bisection Method The Method of False Position The Iteration Method Newton-Raphson Method. UNIT-V Interpolation: Introduction- Errors in Polynomial Interpolation Finite differences- Forward Differences- Backward differences Central differences Symbolic relations and separation of symbols-Differences of a polynomialNewtons formulae for interpolation Interpolation with unevenly spaced points - Lagranges Interpolation formula. UNIT VI Numerical Differentiation and Integration Differentiation using finite differences - Trapezoidal rule Simpsons 1/3 Rule Simpsons 3/8 Rule. UNIT VII Numerical solution of Ordinary Differential equations: Solution by Taylors series-Picards Method of successive Approximations-Eulers MethodRunge-Kutta Methods Predictor-Corrector Methods- Milnes Method.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT VIII
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Curve fitting: Fitting a straight line Second degree curve-exponential curve-power curve by method of least squares. TEXT BOOK : 1. Ravindranath, V. and Vijayalaxmi, A., A Text Book on Mathematical Methods, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.
REFERENCE BOOKS : 1. 2. 3. Rukmangadachari, E. Mathematical Methods, Pearson Education, Delhi. Kreszig, Erwin, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8 Ed. Wiley Student Edition. Peter O Neil, Engineering Mathematics, Cengage Learning. Gordon.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech. Aeronautical Engineering II Sem. ENGINEERING PHYSICS& ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY LABORATORY- II PHYSICS LAB - II Electro-Magnetism and Electronics: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Determine the Plancks constant using Photo-Cell. Study the variation of Magnetic Field along the axis of a solenoid coil using Stewart - Gees apparatus. Draw the Frequency Response curves of L-C-R Series and Parallel Circuits. Determine the Time Constant for a C-R Circuit. Determine the Band Gap of a Semi conductor using a p-n junction diode. Study of Characteristic curves (l/V) of a Zener diode to determine its Breakdown voltage. Determine the Hall Coefficient of a Semiconductor. Draw the characteristic curves and determine the Thermoelectric coefficient of a Thermistor Study the Seebeck and Peltier - Thermoelectric Effects and to determine Coefficients and Thermo Electric Effect using Thermocouple. Draw the Characteristic curves of a p-i-n and Avalanche Photo Diodes. Determination of Numerical Aperture and Bending losses of an Optical Fiber. Manual Cum Record Books : 1. 2. Manual cum Record for Engineering Phaysics Lab- II, by Prof.Sri M. Rama Rao, Acme Learning.. . Lab manual - II, of Engineering Physics by Dr. Y.Aparna and
10. 11.
Petrochemical Engineering Dr.K.Venkateswara Rao (VGS Books links, Vijayawada ) CHEMISTRY LAB II 1. PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL. INTRODUCTION FUELS
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TO BIO
The teacher has to perform the transesterfication reaction of FATTY ACID and the Biodiesel thus produced can be used for analysis.( Please give priority to production of Biodiesel from waste cooking oil) 2. Estimation of properties of oil: a. b. c. d. e. f. 3. 4. Acid Number Viscosity Saponification value Aniline point Flash and Fire points Pour and Cloud point
PREPARATION OF PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE RESIN SOIL ANALYSIS: pH, Determination of Zinc, Iron, Copper.
5.
FOOD ANALYSIS: Determination Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids, pH,etc.
All the teachers are requested to focus on bio fuels ,soil analysis and food analysis as these are the need of 21 st century and these experiments are so desigened to encourage students to carry out lab to land process. Lab Manual : Engineering chemistry laboratory manual &record By
64 Srinivasulu . D. Parshva publications.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. ENGLISH - COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB -II UNIT-6 Dialogues UNIT-7 Interviews UNIT-8 Effective Telephonic Interviews UNIT-9 Group Discussions UNIT-10 Presentations UNIT-11
Petrochemical Engineering Debates
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA I Year B. Tech Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. IT WORKSHOP Objectives: The IT Workshop for engineers is a 6 training lab course spread over 45 hours. The modules include training on PC Hardware, Internet & World Wide Web and Productivity tools including (word processor, spread sheet, presentation sw) Word, spread sheet Excel, Power Point and Publisher. PC Hardware Identification of basic peripherals, assembling a PC, installation of system software like MS Windows, Linux and the device drivers. Troubleshooting Hardware and software _ some tips and tricks . Internet & World Wide Web: Different ways of hooking the PC on to the internet from home and workplace and effectively usage of the internet, web browsers, email, newsgroups and discussion forums .Awareness of cyber hygiene( protecting the personal computer from getting infected with the viruses), worms and other cyber attacks . Productivity tools Crafting professional word documents; excel spread sheets, power point presentations and personal web sites using the Microsoft suite of office tools and LaTeX. (Note: Student should be thoroughly exposed to minimum of 12 Tasks) PC Hardware Task 1: Identification of the peripherals of a computer. To prepare a report containing the block diagram of the CPU along with the configuration of each peripheral and its functions. Task 2(Optional) : A practice on disassemble the components of a PC and assembling them to working condition. Task 3 : Installation of MS windows and LINUX on a PC. Task 4 : Exposure to Basic commands and system administration in Linux
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including: Basic Linux commands in bash, Create hard and symbolic links. Task 5 : Hardware Troubleshooting (Demonstration): Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper assembly or defective peripherals. Identification of a problem and fixing it for getting to working condition. Software Troubleshooting (Demonstration): Students have to be given a malfunctioning CPU due to system software problems. Identification of a problem and fixing it for getting to working condition. Internet & World Wide Web Task 6 : Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp and surfing the Web using Web Browsers : Students should get connected to their Local Area Network and access the Internet. In the process they should configure the TCP/IP setting and demonstrate how to access the websites and email. Students customize their web browsers using bookmarks, search toolbars and pop up blockers. Task 7: Search Engines & Netiquette : Students should know what search engines are and how to use the search engines. A few topics would be given to the students for which they need to search on Google. Task 8 : Cyber Hygiene (Demonstration) : Awareness of various threats on the internet. To install an anti virus software and to configure their personal firewall and windows update on their computers. LaTeX and Word Word Orientation : Importance of LaTeX and MS/ equivalent (FOSS) tool Word as word Processors. Details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each, Using LaTeX and word Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers, format painter in word. Task 9 : Using LaTeX and word to create project certificate. Features to be covered:-Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word, Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option in both LaTeX and Word.
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Task 10: Creating project : Abstract Features to be covered:-Formatting Styles, Inserting table, Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text Direction, Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check , Track Changes, Images from files and clipart, Drawing toolbar and Word Art, Formatting Images, Textboxes and Paragraphs. Excel Excel Orientation : The mentor needs to tell the importance of MS/ equivalent (FOSS) tool Excel as a Spreadsheet tool, give the details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each. Using Excel Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving excel files, Using help and resources Task 11 : Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered:- Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto fill, Formatting Text LOOKUP/VLOOKUP Task 12 : Performance Analysis - Features to be covered:- Split cells, freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and logical operators, Conditional formatting LaTeX and MS/equivalent (FOSS) tool Power Point Task 13 : Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools which help them create basic power point presentation. Topic covered during this week includes :- PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines and Arrows, Hyperlinks, Inserting Images, Clip Art, Tables and Charts in both LaTeX and Powerpoint. Task 14 : Concentrating on the in and out of Microsoft power point and presentations in LaTeX. Helps them learn best practices in designing and preparing power point presentation. Topic covered during this week includes: - Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views (basic, presentation, slide slotter, notes etc), Inserting Background, textures, Design Templates, Hidden slides. REFERENCE BOOKS : 1 2 Scott Muellers Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 18/e, Scott. Mueller, QUE, Pearson,2008 The Complete Computer upgrade and repair book,3/e,Cheryl A
68 Schmidt, Dreamtech
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. MATHEMATICS III UNIT I Bessel functions properties Recurrence relations Orthogonality. Legendre polynomials Properties Rodrigues formula Recurrence relations Orthogonality. UNIT-II Functions of a complex variable Continuity Differentiability Analyticity Properties Cauchy-Riemann equations in Cartesian and polar coordinates. Harmonic and conjugate harmonic functions Milne Thompson method. UNIT-III Elementary functions: Exponential, trigonometric, hyperbolic functions and their properties General power Z C (c is complex), principal value. UNIT-IV Complex integration: Line integral evaluation along a path and by indefinite integration Cauchys integral theorem Cauchys integral formula Generalized integral formula. UNIT-V Complex power series: Radius of convergence Expansion in Taylors series, Maclaurins series and Laurent series. Singular point Isolated singular point pole of order m essential singularity. UNIT-VI Residue Evaluation of residue by formula and by Laurent series Residue theorem. Evaluation of integrals of the type
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(a) Improper real integrals

c 2
f ( x)dx
(b)
f (cos , sin )d
(d) Integrals by identation.
(c)
e imx f ( x )dx
UNIT-VII Argument principle Rouches theorem determination of number of zeros of complex polynomials - Maximum Modulus principle - Fundamental theorem of Algebra, Liouvilles Theorem. UNIT-VIII Conformal mapping: Transformation by e z , lnz, z2, z n (n positive integer), Sin z, cos z, z + a/z. Translation, rotation, inversion and bilinear transformation fixed point cross ratio properties invariance of circles and cross ratio determination of bilinear transformation mapping 3 given points . TEXT BOOKS 1. 2. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Shahnaz Bathul, Prentice Hall of India. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Vol-3 T. K. V. Iyengar, B. Krishna Gandhi and Others, S. Chand & Company.
REFERENCE BOOKS 1. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, B. V. Raman, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
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2010-2011 Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Irvin Kreyszig, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING UNIT I Stresses and strains: kinds of stress-strains, elasticity and plasticity, Hooks law, stress strain diagrams, modules of elasticity, Poissons ratio, linear and volumetric strain, relation between E, N, and K, bars of uniform strength, compound bars and temperature stresses. UNIT II Types of supports loads Shear force and bending moment for cantilever and simply supported beams without overhanging for all types of loads. Theory of simple bending, simple bending formula, Distribution of Flexural and Shear stress in Beam section Shear stress formula Shear stress distribution for some standard sections UNIT-III Thin cylindrical shells: stress in cylindrical shells due to internal pressures, circumferential stress, longitudinal stress, design of thin cylindrical shells, spherical shells, change in dimension of the shell due to internal pressure, change in volume of the shell due to internal pressure. Thick Cylinders : Lames equation- cylinders subjected to inside and outside pressures Columns and Struts. UNIT-IV Steam boilers: classification of boilers, essentialities of boilers, selection of boilers, study of boilers, Cochran boiler, Locomotive boiler, Lancashire boiler, Babcock and Wilcox boiler, boiler mountings and accessories. UNIT-V Reciprocating air compressors: uses of compressed air, work done in single stage and two-stage compression, inter cooling and simple problems. UNIT-VI
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Internal combustion engines: classification of IC engines, basic engine components and nomenclature, working principle of engines, Four strokes and two stroke petrol and diesel engines, comparison of CI and SI engines, comparison of four stroke and two stroke engines, simple problems such as indicated power, brake power, friction power, specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency and mechanical efficiency. UNIT-VII Belts Ropes and chain: belt and rope drives, velocity ratio, slip, length of belt , open belt and cross belt drives, ratio of friction tensions, centrifugal tension in a belt, power transmitted by belts and ropes, initial tensions in the belt, simple problems. UNIT-VIII Gear trains: classification of gears, gear trains velocity ratio, simple, compound reverted and epicyclic gear trains. TEXT BOOKS 1. 2. Strength of Materials and Mechanics of Structures, B.C.Punmia, Standard Publications and distributions, 9 th ed. (units I III) Thermal Engineering, Ballaney,P.L., Khanna Publishers, 2003 (Units IV-VI)
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2010-2011 Theory of Machines , S.S. Rattan , Tata McGraw Hill (Units VII-VIII)
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING Part-A Electrical Engineering UNIT - I ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS: Basic definitions, Types of net work elements, Ohms Law, Resistive networks, Kirchhoffs Laws, Inductive networks, capacitive networks, Series, Parallel circuits and Star-delta and delta-star transformations. UNIT - II DC MACHINES : Principle of operation of DC Generator emf equation - types DC motor types torque equation applications three point starter. UNIT - III TRANSFORMERS : Principle of operation of single phase transformers emf equation losses efficiency and regulation UNIT - IV AC MACHINES : Principle of operation of alternators regulation by synchronous impedance method Principle of operation of induction motor slip torque characteristics applications. TEXT BOOK: 1. Basic Electrical Engineering by Nagsarkar,Sukhija, Oxford Publications,2nd edition.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. Basic Electrical Engineering by M.S.Naidu and S.Kamakshiah,TMH Publications. Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering by Rajendra Prasad, PHI Publications,2nd edition.
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Part B Electronics Engineering UNIT V DIODE AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS: PN Junction Diode, Symbol, VI Characteristics, Diode Applications, Rectifiers Half wave, Full wave and Bridge Rectifiers (Problems) UNIT VI TRANSISTORS: PNP and NPN Junction Transistor, Transistor as an Amplifier, Single Stage CE Amplifier, Frequency Response of CE Amplifier, Concepts of Feedback Amplifier, Necessary conditions for Oscillators, SCR Characteristics and applications UNIT VII INDUCTION HEATING: Theory of Induction Heating, Application to Industries DIELECTRIC HEATING: Theory of Dielectric Heating and its Industrial Applications ULTRASONICS: Generation, Flow detection and other Applications UNIT VIII TRANSDUCERS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS: Principles of Strain Gauge, LVDT, Thermocouples, Thermistors, Piezo-electric transistors, CRO Principles and application, Voltage, Current and Frequency Measurements, Digital Multimeters. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Electronic Devices and Circuits, R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, 9th edition, PEI/PHI 2006. Industrial Electronics by G.K. Mittal, PHI. 9th edition, PEI/PHI 2006.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. MATERIALS SCIENCE UNIT-I Introduction: Materials Science and Engineering, Classification of Engineering materials, Levels of Structure, Structure-Property relationships in materials Crystal Geometry And Structure Determination: Space lattice and limit cell. Bravais lattices, crystal systems with examples. Lattice coordinates, Miller indices, Bravais indices for directions and places: crystalline and non crystalline solids; ionic, covalent and metallic solids; packing efficiency, ligancy and coordination number; structure determination by Brags X-ray diffraction and powder methods. UNIT-II Structure of Solids: The crystalline and non crystalline states inorganic solids: Covalent solids, metals and alloys, Ionic solids, The structure of silica and silicates polymers: Classification of polymers, Structure of long chain polymers, Crystallinity of long chain polymers UNIT-III Crystal Imperfection: Point defects, line defects-edge and screw dislocation, Burgers circuit and Burgers vectors, dislocation reaction, dislocation motion, multiplication of dislocations during deformation , role of dislocation on crystal properties; surface defects, dislocations on crystal properties; surface defects; dislocation density and stress required to move dislocations. UNIT-IV Phase diagrams: The Phase rule, single component systems, binary phase diagrams, microstructural changes during cooling, The lever rule, some typical phase diagrams, other applications of phase diagrams. UNIT-V Elastic, Anelastic and Visco elastic behavior: Elastic Behavior : Atomic model of elastic behavior, the modulous as a parameter in design, rubber like elasticity, Anelastic behavior: Relaxation processes
Petrochemical Engineering Viscoelastic behavior: Spring-dashpot models UNIT-VI Plastic deformation and Creep in crystalline materials:
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Plastic deformation: the tensile stress-strain curve, Plastic deformation by slip, the shear strength of perfect and real crystals, the stress to move a dislocation, the effect of temperature on the stress to move a dislocation, multiplication of dislocations during deformation, work hardening and dynamic recovery, the effect of grain size on dislocation motion, the effect of solute atoms on dislocation motion, the effect of precipitate particles on dislocation motion. Creep: Mechanisms of Creep, creep resistant materials UNIT-VII
Fracture: Ductile fracture, Brittle fracture, fracture toughness, the ductilebrittle transition, methods of protection against failure, fatigue fracture. Oxidation and Corrosion: Mechanisms of Oxidation, Oxidation resistant materials; Corrosion: Principle of Corrosion, types of corrosion, protection against corrosion. Shaping, Strengthening and toughening processes: Solution hardening, Strain hardening and Annealing: cold work, Recrystallization, Recrystallization temperatures, Recrystallization rates, Processing StrainHardenable materials
UNIT-VIII precipitation hardening: Age hardening, Overaging, combined hardening, heat Treatments of steels: Annealing processes, Quenching and Tempering process, Hardenability of Steels: Hardenability curves, use of hardenability curves, Tempered hardeness. Introduction to Nano-materials, Synthesis of nano-materials, Characterization of nano-materials TEXT BOOK: 1. Materials Science and Engineering; V. Raghavan; 5th Edition, PHI, New Delhi (2009) Elements of Material Science and Engineering, Lawrence H. Van Vlack, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall India, New Delhi (1989)
REFERENCE BOOK: 1.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS UNIT-I Stoichiometric relation: basis of calculations, methods of expressing compositions of mixtures and solutions, density and specific gravity, Baume and API gravity scales. Behavior of Ideal gases: Kinetic theory of gases, application of ideal gas law, gaseous mixtures, gases in Petrochemical reactions. UNIT-II Vapor pressure: Liquefaction and liquid state, vaporization, boiling point, effect of temperature on vapor pressure, Antoine equation, vapor pressure plots, estimation of critical properties, vapor pressure of immiscible liquids and ideal solutions, Raoults law. Non-volatile solutes. UNIT-III Humidity and Saturation: Relative and percentage saturation or dew point, wet bulb and dry bulb temperature, use of humidity charts for engineering calculations. UNIT-IV Material balances: Tie substance, Yield, conversion, processes involving Petrochemical reactions. UNIT-V Material balance calculation involving drying, dissolution and crystallization. Processes involving recycles, bypass and purge UNIT-VI Thermophysics: Energy, energy balances, heat capacity of gases, liquid and mixture solutions. Kopps rule, latent heats, heat of fusion and heat of vaporization, Troutons rule, Kistyakowsky equation for non polar liquids enthalpy and its evaluation. UNIT-VII Thermochemistry: Calculation and applications of heat of reaction, combustion, formation and neutralization, Kirchoffs equation, enthalpy concentration change, calculation of theoretical and actual flame temperatures.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT-VIII
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Combustion Calculations: Introduction, fuels, calorific value of fuels, coal, liquid fuels, gaseous fuels, air requirement and flue gases, combustion calculations, incomplete combustion, material and energy balances, thermal efficiency calculations. TEXT BOOK: 1. Chemical Process Principles, Part -I, Material and Energy Balances by Hougen O A, Watson K.M. and Ragatz R.A. 2nd Ed., Cbs Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi (2010)
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering by D.H. Himmelblau, 7th Ed. PHI, New Delhi ( 2009)
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY UNIT I: Polar effects Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, Hyper conjugation, steric inhibition of resonance examples. UNIT II: Electrophilic reactions: a) Friedel-Craft reaction b) Riemer- Teimenn Reaction c) Backmann rearrangement. UNIT III: Nucleophillic reaction : a) Aldol condensation b) Perkin Reaction c) Benzoin condensation. UNIT IV: 1. Free radical reaction a) Halogenation of Alkane b) Addition of HBr to Alkene in the presence of peroxide. 2. Allylic halogenation Using N-Bromo succinamide (NBS) 3) Thermal halogenation of Alkanes. UNIT V: Stereo isomerism; Optical isomerism; Symmetry and chirality; Optical isomerism in lactic acid and tartaric acid; Sequence rules; Enantiomers, diastereomers; Geometrical Isomerism; E-Z system of nomenclature, conformational analysis of ethane and Cyclohexane. UNIT VI: Polymerization Reactions Basic concepts. Types of Polymerization Addtion and Condensation Polymerizations. Plastics- Thermosetting and Thermoplastics - Differences. Compounding, Moulding of PlasticsCompression, injection, transfer, and Extrusion molding methods. Preparation, Properties and Engineering use of the Following: Polyethylene, PVC, Teflon, Bekelite, Nylon, Polyster, Polyurethane and Silicone Resins, Rubber - Procesing of Natural Rubber, Vulcanization and Compunding. Elastomers-Buna S, Buna N, Thiokol, Polyurethane Rubber.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT VII:
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Heterocyclic compounds and Nomenclature: Preparation, Properties and uses of (1) Pyrrole (2) Furan (3) Thiophene (4) Pyridine (5) Quinoline (6) Iso-quinoline. UNIT VIII Dyes - Colour and Constituion ; Classification of Dyes, Preparation and uses of (1) Malachite green (2) Rosaniline (3) Congored (4) Bismark brown (5) Flroroscien. TEXTBOOK: 1. Organic Chemistry Robert Thornton Morrison, Robert Neilson Boyd, 6th Edition, Pearson (1992)
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Organic Chemistry Vol- I, 6th Ed., I.L. Finar, Pearson (1973)
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. BASIC ENGINEERING (Mech+Elec) LABORATORY Any SIX experiments from each section Section A : Mechanical Engineering Laboratory: 1. Draw the value timing diagram of a 4-stroke diesel engine and port timing diagram of a 2-stroke petrol engine. 2. Perform load test at full load, half load, 1/4 load on a 4-stroke Ruston engine and draw the performance curves. 3. I.C. Engines heat balance. 4. Economical speed test of an IC engine. 5. Performance test on variable compression ratio engines. 6. Study of boilers. 7. Find the volumetric efficiency, isothermal efficiency of the given compressor. 8. To determine the moment of inertia of a fly-wheel and shaft experimentally and compare the values with the calculated values. 9. To determine the modulus of rigidity of the material of the wire by torsional oscillators. Section B : Electrical Engineering Laboratory: The following experiments are required to be conducted as compulsory experiments : 1. Swinburnes test on D.C. Shunt machine. (Predetermination of efficiency of a given D.C. Shunt machine working as motor and generator). 2. OC and SC tests on single phase transformer (Predetermination of efficiecy and regulation at given power factors) 3. Brake test on 3-phase Induction motor (Determination of performance characteristics) 4. Regulation of alternator by Synchronous impedance method. 5. Speed control of D.C. Shunt motor by a) Armature Voltage control b) Field flux control method 6. Brake test on D.C Shunt Motor
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. CHEMISTRY-III LABORATORY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. A. B. C. D. E. Determination of rate constant of hydrolysis of ester. Study of reaction between persulphate and iodide. Conductometric titration (a) strong acid v/s strong base. Conductometric titration (b) Weak acid v/s strong base. Determination of distribution coefficient of iodine between water and carbon tetrachloride. Potentiometric titration between potassium dichromate and ferrous iron. Study of inversion of sucrose by Polarimeter. Phase diagram of phenol - water system. Qualitative analysis of simple organic compounds by following systematic procedure Prepartion of Organic/Medicinal Compounds Asprin Azodye Acetanilide Thiokol Rubber Paracetomal
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENGLISH COMMUNICATION PRACTICE-I LIFE, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE EXPLORATIONS-I Purpose of the Course: English for Semesters 3 is designed to provide the learners an opportunity to enhance their language skills through a reading of literary texts which will also help them relate themselves to different cultures vis--vis their own. Independent reading is also expected to increase spontaneity in expression among the learners. Objectives: The Course aims at exposing the learners to nuances in culture, inculcating the habit of independent reading which provides the learners an opportunity to develop critical thinking and analytical skills that can be applied to any subject. Content of the course: The literary pieces are carefully chosen from across cultures as samples of contemporary life and issues of global interest. This is meant to encourage students to relate language to personality development. In all, five stories have been selected for English Communication Practice. Topics: Culture and traditions, philosophy, familial relationships, ethics, inter-personal relationships, ability to face disaster and poverty, tolerance. Time frame/Hours of instruction: 2hrs per week (for pre-reading and post reading tasks of the lessons). Total number of hours per semester - 32. Time Allocation: Reading of the text should be done at home. The class hours are meant for discussion, analysis and related activities. Project should be completed in consultation with the teacher. Evaluation: The learner will be assessed on a continuous basis by way of projects and work-sheets given at the end of each story. Stories selected for English Communication Practice Life, Language and Culture: 1. The Cop and the Anthem by O. Henry 2. The Festival of the Sacred Tooth Relic in Sri Lanka (based on the Travelogues of FA Hien Compiled by Ashok JainAssisted by Dhurjjati Sarma) 3.The Hawk and the Tree by Mohammad Azam Rahnaward Zaryab 4. To Be or Not To Be by Zaheda Hina 5. Bade Bhai Saab(My Elder Brother) by Munshi Premchand Recommended Book: Life, Language and Culture Explorations-I, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND MORALS -I UNIT - I What is profession? - Engineering and Professionalism - Two models of Professionalism - Three Types of Ethics or Morality The Negative face of Engineering Ethics - The Positive Face of Engineering Ethics Responsibility in Engineering - Engineering Standards - The Standard Care Blame-Responsibility and causation UNIT - II Engineering Ethics Variety of moral issues types of inquiry moral dilemmas moral autonomy The problems of Many Hands Kohlburgs theory Gilligans theory Impediments to Responsible Action UNIT - III Engineering as social experimentation Framing the problem Determining the facts codes of ethics clarifying Concepts Application issues Common Ground General principles Utilitarian thinking respect for persons UNIT - IV Engineers Responsibility for Safety Social and Value dimensions of Technology - Technology Pessimism The Perils of Technological Optimism The Promise of Technology Computer Technology Privacy and Social Policy Risk Benefit Analysis Collegiality and loyalty TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, Ethics in Engineering McGraw Hill Charles E Harris, Micheal J Rabins, Engineering Ethics, Cengage Learning". Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press. PSR Murthy, Indian Culture Values and Professional Ethics, BS Publications
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2010-2011 Caroline Whitback< Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research, Cambridgs University Press,. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, "Ethics in Engineering" McGraw Hill. Charles D Fleddermann, "Engineering Ethics", Prentice Hall. George Reynolds, "Ethics in Information Technology", Cengage Learning.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS UNIT-I Probability: Sample space and events Probability The axioms of probability Some Elementary theorems - Conditional probability Bayes theorem. UNIT-II Random variables Discrete and continuous distributions - Distribution function. UNIT-III Binomial, Poisson, normal distribution related properties. Moment generating function, Moments of standard distributions properties. UNIT-IV Population and samples. Sampling distribution of mean (with known and unknown variance), proportion, variances. - Sampling distribution of sums and differences. Point and interval estimators for means, variances, proportions. UNIT-V Statistical Hypothesis Errors of Type I and Type II errors and calculation. One tail, two-tail tests. Testing hypothesis concerning means, proportions and their differences using Z-test. UNIT-VI Tests of hypothesis using Students t-test, F-test and test.. Test of independence of attributes - ANOVA for one-way and two-way classified data. UNIT-VII Statistical Quality Control methods Methods for preparing control charts Problems using x-bar, p, R charts and attribute charts Simple Correlation and Regression.
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Queuing Theory: Pure Birth and Death Process M/M/1 Model and Simple Problems. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Probability and Statistics for Engineers, Miller and John E. Freund, Prentice Hall of India. Probability and Statistics, D. K. Murugeson & P. Guru Swamy, Anuradha Publishers.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. Probability, Statistics and Random processes. T. Veerrajan, Tata Mc.Graw Hill, India. Probability, Statistics and Queuing theory applications for Computer Sciences 2 ed, Trivedi, John Wiley.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY UNIT- I: Distribution Law: Distribution Law Nernst Distribution Law Distribution Coefficient Explanation and Limitations of Distribution Law - Modification of Distribution Law Determination of Equilibrium Constant from Distribution Coefficient Applications of Distribution Law. UNIT II: Phase Rule: Phase Rule Terms involved in Phase Rule Types of Liquids Derivation of Phase Rule Phase Diagrams of One Component (Water and Sulphur system), Two Component System Eutectic Point (Lead Silver System) and three component system. Applications of Phase Rule. UNIT III: Chemical Kinetics: Introduction to Chemical Kinetics Theories of Reaction Rates Collision Theory Modified Collision Theory Absolute Reaction Rate Theory (Transition State Theory) Reaction between Ions Influenece of Solvent (Double Sphere Activated Complex and Single Sphere Activated Complex) Influence of Ionic Strength on the Rate of the Reactions Chain Reactions Hydrogen and Bromine, Hydrogen and Oxygen (Steady State Treatment) Explosion Limits. UNIT IV: Colloidal State: Definition of Colloids, Classification of Colloids, Solids in liquids (sols) Properties, kinetics, optical and Electrical; Stability of Colloids, Protective Action, Hardy Schultz Law, Gold Number. Liquids in Liquids (Emulsions) Types of Emulsions, Preparation , Emulsifier, Liquid in Solids (gels) classification, Preparation and Properties, General Applications of Colloids. UNIT V: Electrochemistry I: Ohms Law Conductance Specific Conductance Equivalent Conductance Molecular Conductance and its determination Transport Number and its Determination Kohlrauschs Law, its Application Conductometric Titrations Applications of Conductivity Measurements.
88 UNIT VI: Electrochemistry II:
2010-2011
EMF; Galvanic cells, Spontaneity, Reversible & irreversible cells, Measurement of EMF, Standard Electrode potential, concentration cells, batteries, fuel cell, hydrogen oxygen fuel cell, photgalvanic cell, photovoltaic cells. UNIT VII: Catalysis: Homogeneous Catalysis Catalysis by electron and group transfer in solution Acid-Base Catalysis Protolytic and Prototropic Mechanism, Enzyme Catalysis Specificity Examples Influence of Concentration (Michaelis Constant) Influence of pH Influence of Temperature. UNIT VIII: Voltammetry: Principle of Micro electrolysis, polarization, Dropping Mercury Electrode, Polarograph, Half Wave Potential, IIlkovic Equation, Qualitative analysis and Quantitative analysis, Standard addition technique and Applications, amperometric titrations. TEXT BOOK: 1. Physical Chemistry Thomas Engel & Philip Reid, Pearson Education Inc. (2006).
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Elements of Physical Chemistry, Samuel Glasstone & David Lewis, Van Nostrand, Revised 2nd Edition, 1962.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. MOMENTUM TRANSFER UNIT I Unit operations and unit processes, unit systems, basic concepts, nature of fluids, hydrostatic equilibrium, applications of fluid statics: U-Tube and Inclined Manometers, Decanters, Centrifuges. UNIT- II Fluid flow phenomena-Laminar flow, Shear rate, Shear stress, Rheological properties of fluids, Turbulence, Boundary layers. UNIT- III Basic equation of fluid flow Mass balance in a flowing fluid; continuity, differential momentum balance; equations of motion, Macroscopic momentum balances, Mechanical energy equations UNIT-IV Incompressible Flow in pipes and channels- shear stress and skin friction in pipes, laminar flow in pipes and channels, turbulent flow in pipes and channels, friction from changes in velocity or direction. UNIT-V Non Newtonian Fluids: Time Independent and Time dependent fluids, frictional losses in contractions, expansions and fittings, Velocity profiles, Flow properties using rotational viscometer, Dimensional Analysis. UNIT-VI Flow past immersed bodies, Drag and Drag coefficient, flow through beds of solids, motion of particles through fluids. Fluidization, Conditions for fluidization, Minimum fluidization velocity, Types of fluidization, Expansion of fluidized bed, Applications of fluidization. Continuous fluidization; slurry and pneumatic transport UNIT-VII Transportation and Metering of fluids- Pipes, fittings and valves, pumps: positive displacement pumps, and centrifugal pumps. Measurement of flowing fluids- full bore meters, insertion meters.
90 UNIT-VIII
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Flow of compressible fluids- Definitions and basic equations, Processes of compressible flow, Isentropic flow through nozzles, adiabatic frictional flow, and isothermal frictional flow. Fans, blowers, and compressors, TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering by W.L.McCabe, J.C.Smith & Peter Harriot, McGraw-Hill, 6th ed, 2001. Transport Processes and Unit Operations, Christie J. Geankoplis, PHI (For Unit-V).
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS UNIT-I Agitation and mixing of liquids: Agitation of liquids, circulation velocities, power consumption in agitated vessels, purpose of Agitation, types of impellers. Blending and mixing of liquids, suspension of solid particles, dispersion operations UNIT -II Properties, handling and mixing of particulate solids: Characterization of solid particles, properties of particulate masses, storage of solids and mixing of solids, types of mixers, mixers for non-cohesive solids and mixers for cohesive solids. UNIT -III Size reduction: Principles, criteria for comminution, characteristics of comminution, size reduction equipment-crushers, grinders, ultra fine grinders, cutting machines, Equipment operation. Screening: Screening, Industrial screening equipments, general factors in selecting an screening equipment, comparison of ideal and actual screens, material balance over a screen and screening efficiency. UNIT IV Filtration: Cake filters, centrifugal filters, filter aids, clarifying filters, liquid clarification, and gas cleaning. UNIT V Principles of cake filtration, principles of clarification and principles of centrifugal filtration UNIT -VI Separations based on motion of particles through fluids: Gravity sedimentation process: gravity classifiers, sorting classifiers, clarifiers and thickeners, Equipment for sedimentation, clarifier and thickener design. Centrifugal settling process: Separations of solids from gases: Cyclones,
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Separations of solids from liquids: Hydroclones, principles of centrifugal sedimentation, centrifugal classifiers. UNIT VII Transportation of solids: Belt, screw, apron conveyers, bucket elevators, pneumatic conveyors. (Qualitative treatment) UNIT -VIII Electrostatic separation: Principle, charging by contact electrification, charging by conductive induction, charging by ion bombardment, types of equipment, effect of humidity, applications of process. Flotation: General description, flotation reagents, applications, flotation machines, capacities, flotation economics. TEXT BOOK: 1. Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering, W.L. McCabe and J.C. Smith and Peter Harriott, McGraw Hill, 6th ed. 2001.
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Unit Operations, G.G. Brown, CBS Publishers, 1995.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. CHEMISTRY OF PETROLEUM REFINING UNIT-I Petroleum formation properties and general characteristics petroleum composition separation by molecular weight separation by molecular type composition maps : predicting properties, separation and conversion from composition maps UNIT-II Petroleum analysis and evaluation ASTM evaluation ultimate analysis volatility - density and specific gravity viscosity carbon residue metal contents separation methods and other tests UNIT-III Metal and hetero-atoms in heavy crude oils hetero-atom concentrations in petroleum fractions structures of heteroatoms functions: structure of surface compounds structures of nitrogen compounds structures of metal compounds UNIT-IV Asphaltenes and structure of petroleum compositions and structural studies UNIT-V Thermal chemistry of petroleum constituents visbreaking cokining hydro treating - hydro cracking UNIT-VI Chemistry of upgrading processes carbon rejections- hydrogen addition UNIT-VII Hydrocracking reactions and catalysis hydro cracking chemistry- strong acid cracking of hydrocarbons solid strong acid catalysis- hydro denitrogenations.
94 UNIT-VIII
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Distillation products influences of heteroatoms functions- oxygen sulphur species - nitrogen species and condensation reactions. TEXT BOOK 1. Petroleum Chemistry and Refining, James G Speight, Taylor and Francis, 1998.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS I UNIT-I: Introduction: The scope of thermodynamics, defined quantities; temperature, volume, pressure, work, energy, heat, Joules Experiments, SI units. UNIT-II: The first law and other basic concepts: The first law of thermodynamics, thermodynamic state and state functions, enthalpy, the steady-state steadyflow process, equilibrium, the reversible process, constant-V and constantP processes, heat capacity. UNIT-III: Volumetric properties of pure fluids: The PVT behavior of pure substances, virial equations, the ideal gas, the applications of the virial equations, Cubic equations of state, generalized correlations for gases. UNIT-IV: The second law of thermodynamics: Statements of the second law, heat engines, thermodynamic temperature scales, thermodynamic temperature and the ideal-gas scale, Entropy, Entropy changes of an ideal gas, mathematical statement of the second law, the third law of thermodynamics. Mollier diagram and steam tables. UNIT-V Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids: Property relations for homogeneous phases, Residual properties, Generalized property correlations for gases. UNIT-VI: Thermodynamics of flow processes; principles of conservation of mass and energy for flow systems, analysis of expansion processes; turbines, throttling; compression processes compressors and pumps; calculation of ideal work and last work. Examples on hydrocarbons and natural gas. UNIT-VII: Production of Power from Heat: Vapor Power Cycle: Simple Steam power
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cycle, Rankine cycle, comparison of Rankine & Carnot cycles. Regenerative cycle. UNIT-VIII: Refrigeration and liquefaction: The Carnot refrigerator, the vapor compression cycle, the comparison of refrigeration cycles, the choice of refrigerant, absorption refrigeration, the heat pump, liquefaction processes. TEXTBOOK: 1. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J.M.Smith and HC Van Ness, M.M. Abbott, 7th ed, McGraw Hill, 2010.
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Engineering and Chemical Thermodynamics, M.D. Koretsky, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. MOMENTUM TRANSFER LAB 1. 2. Determination of discharge coefficient for orifice meter and venturi meter and their variation with Reynolds number a) b) 3. 4. 5. Determination of weir meter constant K for V-Notch and rectangular notch Calibration of rotameter and study of variation of flow rate with tube to float diameter.
Determination of Glycerol- water solution at different temperatures. Determination of friction factor for flow of water through annulus using Fannings and Darcys equations. Determination of friction factor for flow through straight pipes of different diameters and study of variation of friction factor with Reynolds number Determination friction losses in pipe fittings Determination of clearance volume and efficiency of an air compressor Determination of characteristic curves for centrifugal pumps. A) Determination of friction factor for packed beds. B) Determination of minimum fluidization velocity
6. 7. 8. 9.
10. 11. 12.
Determination of pressure drop through helical coils Determination of velocity profile of air in pipe by pitot tube Determination of critical velocity by Reynolds experiments
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II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PETROLEUM ANALYSIS LAB 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Determination of Distillation characteristics of Crude Oil & Gasoline Determination of Reid Vapor Pressure of Crude oil & Gasoline Determination of Viscosity of Diesel and transformer oils Determination of Smoke Point of Kerosene Determination of Carbon Residue of petroleum oils Determination of Flash & Fire points of gasoline, kerosene and other products. Estimation of water content in petroleum products. Estimation of calorific value of LPG Determination of Aniline point of Gasoline and Diesel oil Determination of Softening point of bitumen Determination of Cloud & Pour Points of petroleum products Detection of Corrosiveness of petroleum products
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. ENGLISH COMMUNICATION PRACTICE - II Name of the Course: Explorations II Life, Language and Culture Purpose of the Course: English for Semester 4 is designed to provide the learners an opportunity to enhance their language skills through a reading of literary texts which will also help them relate themselves to different cultures vis--vis their own. Independent reading is also expected to increase spontaneity in expression among the learners. Objectives: The Course aims at exposing the learners to nuances in culture, inculcating the habit of independent reading which provides the learners an opportunity to develop critical thinking and analytical skills that can be applied to any subject. Content of the course: The literary pieces are carefully chosen from across cultures as samples of contemporary life and issues of global interest. This is meant to encourage students to relate language to personality development. In all, five literary pieces for Explorations II have been selected and another showcasing a holistic approach to life that can help one develop into better individuals and professionals. Topics: Culture and traditions, philosophy, familial relationships, ethics, inter-personal relationships, ability to face disaster and poverty, tolerance. Time frame/Hours of instruction: 2 hrs per week (for pre-reading and post reading tasks of the lessons). Total number of hours per semester 32. Time Allocation for each unit: Reading of the text should be done at home. The class hours are meant for discussion, analysis and related activities. Project should be completed in consultation with the teacher. The title of the book Explorations- II Life, Language and Culture
100 The stories included are 1. Morning Bells by Jayashree Mohanraj 2.The Power of the Plate of Rice by Ifeoma Okoye
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3. Famadihana and the Other Rituals by Jayashree Mohanraj 4. Dial 000 by Barry Rosenberg 5. Tsunami Religion by Anjali Prashar TEXT BOOK: Life, Language and Culture : Explorations -2 , Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA II Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND MORALS -II UNIT - I Human Values - Morals, Values, and Ethics Integrity - Work Ethic Service Learning Civic Virtue Respect for Others Living Peacefully caring Sharing Honesty Courage Valuing Time Co-operation Commitment Empathy Self-Confidence Spirituality Character UNIT - II Engineering Ethics consensus controversy Models of Professional Roles theories about right action Self interest customs and religion uses of ethical theories UNIT - III Engineers Responsibility for Rights - respect for authority conflicts of interest- Occupational crime professional rights and employee rights Communicating Risk and Public Policy- collective bargaining UNIT - IV Global Issues- Multinational Corporations Environmental Ethics Engineers as Managers , Advisors, and experts witnesses moral leadership sample code of ethics like ASME, ASCE, IEEE, IETE, Institute of Engineers Problem of Bribery, Extortion and Grease payments Problem of Nepotism, Excessive Gifts Paternalism Different business practices Negotiating Taxes. BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, Ethics in Engineering McGraw Hill Charles E Harris, Micheal J Rabins, Engineering Ethics, Cengage Learning". Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press. PSR Murthy, Indian Culture Values and Professional Ethics, BS Publications
102 5. 6. 7. 8.
2010-2011 Caroline Whitback< Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research, Cambridgs University Press,. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, "Ethics in Engineering" McGraw Hill. Charles D Fleddermann, "Engineering Ethics", Prentice Hall. George Reynolds, "Ethics in Information Technology", Cengage Learning.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER UNIT-I: Introduction: Nature of heat flow, conduction, convection, natural and forced convection, radiation. Heat transfer by conduction in Solids: Fouriers law, thermal conductivity, steady state conduction in plane wall & composite walls, compound resistances in series, heat flow through a cylinder, conduction in spheres, thermal contact resistance, plane wall: variable conductivity Unsteady state heat conduction: Equation for one-dimensional conduction, Semi-infinite solid, finite solid. UNIT- II: Principles of heat flow in fluids: Typical heat exchange equipment, countercurrent and parallel current flows, energy balances, rate of heat transfer, overall heat transfer coefficient, electrical analogy, critical radius of insulation, logarithmic mean temperature difference, variable overall coefficient, multi-pass exchangers, individual heat transfer coefficients, resistance form of overall coefficient, fouling factors, classification of individual heat transfer coefficients, magnitudes of heat transfer coefficients, effective coefficients for unsteady-state heat transfer. UNIT- III: Heat Transfer to Fluids without Phase change: Regimes of heat transfer in fluids, thermal boundary layer, heat transfer by forced convection in laminar flow, heat transfer by forced convection in turbulent flow, the transfer of heat by turbulent eddies and analogy between transfer of momentum and heat, heat transfer to liquid metals, heating and cooling of fluids in forced convection outside tubes. UNIT- IV: Natural convection: Natural convection to air from vertical shapes and horizontal planes, effect of natural convection in laminar-flow heat transfer, free convection in enclosed spaces, mixed free & forced convection.
104 UNIT- V:
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Heat transfer to fluids with phase change: Heat transfer from condensing vapors, heat transfer to boiling liquids. UNIT- VI: Heat exchange equipment: General design of heat exchange equipment, heat exchangers, condensers, boilers and calendrias, extended surface equipment, heat transfer in agitated vessels, scraped surface, heat exchangers, heat transfer in packed beds, heat exchangers effectiveness (NTU method) UNIT- VII Evaporators: Evaporators, performance of tubular evaporators, capacity and economy, vapors recompression, Crystallization equipment UNIT- VIII Radiation: Introduction, properties and definitions, black body radiation, real surfaces and the gray body, absorption of radiation by opaque solids, radiation between surfaces, radiation shielding, radiation to semi transparent materials, combined heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering by McCabe & Smith, 6th Edition ,McGraw-Hill, 2001 Heat Transfer, Y.V.C.Rao, Universities Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2001
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 1. 4. 5. Process heat transfer, D.Q.Kern, Tata- McGraw-Hill, 1997 Heat Transfer, J.P.Holman, 9th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008 Schaums Outline of Heat Transfer, Donald Pitts, L.E.Sissom, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1998 A Text Book on Heat Transfer, S.P. Sukhatme, 5th Edition, Universities Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2005. Heat Transfer: Principles and Applications, Binay Dutta, K., 1st Edition, Phi Learning, 2009. Chemical Engineering-Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Mass TransferVol.1, 6th Edition, Coulson & Richardson, Elsevier India, 2006.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING UNIT-I Introduction: Overall refinery operations & Indian scenario. Refinery feed stocks: Crude oil classification-Composition and propertiesComposition of petroleum crude suitable for asphalt manufacture - Crude distillation curves. UNIT-II Low boiling products Gasoline Gasoline specifications Distillate fuels Jet and turbine fuels Automotive diesel fuels; Heating oils Residual fuel oils; wax and asphalt-Product blending. UNIT-III Crude distillation: Atmosphere topping unit Vacuum distillation Auxiliary equipment Products of these two units. UNIT-IV Thermal & catalytic processes: Visbreaking, Hydrovisbreaking, Thermal cracking Catalytic cracking fluidized bed catalytic cracking and Hydrocracking - Feed stocks Feed treating Catalysts process variables Yield estimation-Latest developments in cracking processes. Coking: Types petroleum coke-Properties and uses process description of delayed coking - Flexicoking and fluid coking Yields. UNIT-V Hydroprocessing and resid processing: Composition of vacuum tower bottoms Processing options Hydroprocessing options Moving bed hydro processes Solvent extraction Hydrotreating catalysts aromatics reduction Process variables. UNIT-VI Catalytic reforming and isomerization: Catalytic reforming processes Feed preparation & catalysts Yields-Isomerization Processes and yields.
106 UNIT-VII
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Alkylation and polymerization: Alkylation feed stocks Products Catalysts Hydrofluoric Acid and sulfuric acid alkylation processes Comparison of processes-Polymerization processes. UNIT-VIII Supporting processes: Hydrogen production and purification Gas processing unit - Acid gas removal Sulfur recovery processes Waste water treatment and control of atmospheric pollution. TEXT BOOK: 1. Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics, J.H. Gary and G.E.Handwerk, 4th Edition, Marcel Dekkar, Inc., New York, 2001.
REFERENCES BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Petroleum Refinery Engineering, W.L.Nelson, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 1958. Handbook of Petroleum Refining Processes, Third edition, Robert A. Meyers, McGraw-Hill, 2003. Modern Petroleum Refining processes, 5th Edition, B. K. Bhaskara Rao, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2008. Petroleum Refining Processes, Rakesh Rathi, SBS, Publishers, 2007. Petroleum Refining: Crude Oil Petroleum Products, Process Flow Sheets, Jean-Pierre Wauquier, Editions Technip, 1995. Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing, Chang S. Hsu and Paul Robinson, Vol. 1 & 2, Springer, 2006. Thermal and Catalytic Processes in Petroleum Refining, Serge Raseev, Marcel Dekkar, Inc., 2003. Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining, Mohammed A. Fahim, Taher A. Al-Sahhaf, Amal Elkilani, Elsevier Science, 2009. Handbook of Petroleum Processing, David S. J. Jones, Peter P. Pujado, Springer, 2006. Refining Processes Handbook, Surinder Parkash, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2003. Petroleum Refining, Andrew Campbell, Rarebooksclub.com, 2012.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS II UNIT I: Heat effects: Sensible heat effects, Internal energy of ideal gases: Microscopic view, Latent heats of pure substances, heat effects of industrial reactions, heat effects of mixing processes. UNIT-II: Standard heat of reaction, Standard heat of formation, Standard heat of combustion, temperature dependence of heat of reaction UNIT-III: Solution thermodynamics: Theory: Fundamental property relation, Petrochemical potential as a criterion for phase equilibrium, partial properties, ideal gas mixtures, fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species, fugacity and fugacity coefficient for species in solutions, generalized correlations for Fugacity coefficient, The ideal solutions, excess properties. UNIT IV: Solution thermodynamics: applications: the liquid phase properties from VLE data, models for the excess Gibbs energy, property changes of mixing UNIT V: VLE at low to moderate pressures: The nature of equilibrium, the phase rule, Duhems theorem, VLE:Qualitative behavior, the gamma /Phi formulation of VLE, Dew point and bubble point calculations, flash calculations, solute (1)/solvent (2) systems UNIT VI: Thermodynamic properties and VLE from equations of state: properties of fluids from the virial equations of state, properties of fluids from cubic equations of state, fluid properties from correlations of the Pitzer type, VLE from cubic equations of state UNIT VII: Topics in phase equilibria: Equilibrium and stability, liquid-liquid equilibrium
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(LLE), vapor- liquidliquid equilibrium (VLLE), solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE), solid vapor equilibrium (SVE), equilibrium absorption of gases on solids UNIT VIII Chemical Reaction Equilibria: The reaction coordinate, application equilibrium criterion to Petrochemical reactions, the standard Gibbs energy change and the equilibrium constant, effect of temperature on equilibrium constants, relation of equilibrium constants to composition, equilibrium conversion for single reactions, Phase rule and Duhems theorem for reacting systems. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J.M. Smith, H.C. Van Ness and M.M. Abbott, 7th ed. McGraw Hill, 2005. Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Rao Y.V.C., Universities Press (India) Pvt. Ltd.,1997.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Chemical and Process Thermodynamics, BG Kyle, 3rd Edition, Phi Learning, 2008. Introductory Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, J. Richard Elliott, Carl T. Lira, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2012. Chemical, Biochemical And Engineering Thermodynamics, Stanley I Sandler, 4th Edition, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2006. Molecular Thermodynamics In Fluid Phase Equilibria, J.M. Prausnitz, R.N. Lichtenthaler, E.G.de Azvedo, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1998. Engineering and Chemical Thermodynamics, Milo D. Koretsky, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2009 Thermodynamics: Applications In Chemical Engineering And The Petroleum Industry, J.Vidal, Editions Technip, 2003.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PETROCHEMICAL ENGINGINEERING-I (Process Engineering and Technology of production of Petrochemicals should be dealt with by the instructor). UNIT-I Introduction: Petrochemical industry-Structures of petrochemical complexes-Feedstock for petrochemical-Profile of petrochemical and their end products-Indian Petrochemical industries-Profile of Indian petroleum and petrochemical Industry. UNIT-II Olefins production: Steam cracking for production of olefins-Gas sweetening unit-C2/C3 Extraction unit-Steam cracking process engineering and technology-Emerging technologies for production of olefins- Alpha Olefins. UNIT-III Processing of olefinic C4 and C5 cut from steam cracking and fluid catalytic cracking: Fluid catalytic cracking-Growth of FCC technology-Chemistry of cracking and process variables-FCC feed pretreatment-Description of the FCC process-FCC gases as petrochemical feedstock-Processing of C4 stream from steam cracking and FCC-oxygenates from refinery C4 and C5 streamUpgrading of C5 cut for Recovery of C5 chemicals. UNIT-IV Aromatic production: Petroleum feedstock for aromatic hydrocarbonsAromatic hydrocarbon production catalytic reforming-Reactions in catalytic reforming-Reforming catalyst-Reforming process-Process variables in catalytic reforming-Pyrolysis gasoline as aromatics feedstock-Aromatic separation from reformate and pyrolysis gasoline- Emerging technologies for the production of BTX- Aromatic conversion processes. UNIT-V Methane and synthesis gas derivatives: Synthesis gas and ammoniasynthesis gas and ammonia manufacture from steam reforming-Synthesis gas and ammonia manufacture from partial oxidation process-Urea processes.
110 UNIT-VI
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Synthesis gas: Process technology-Carbon monoxide-Fischer-Tropsch syn gas techonology-Methanol-Formaldehyde-Acetic acid - Hydrogen cyanide - Hydrazine-Carbon disulphide Pentaerythritol - Hexamethylene tetramine - Hexamethylene Diamine - Melamine - Chloromethanes - Dimethyl formamide -Dimethyl acetamide -Acetylene. UNIT-VII Ethylene and ethylene derivatives-I: Ethylene-Ethylene oxide-Process technology-Process hazards-Ethylene oxide storage-Monoetylene glycolVinyl chloride-Vinyl acetate-Acetaldehyde-Ethanol-Acetic anhydride-Ethyl acetate-Ethyl chloride. UNIT-VIII Ethylene and its derivatives-II: Ethanol amines-Percholoroethylene and Trichloroethylene-Ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether-Ethylene glycol mono butyl ether-Ethylene carbonate-Vinyl fluoride-Vinylidine Fluoride, Ethylene dibromide. TEXT BOOK: 1. Petrochemical Process Technology, ID Mall, Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi. 2007.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes, Sami Matar and Lewis F.Hatch, 2nd Edition, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 2000. Fundamentals of Petroleum Chemical Technology, P Belov, Mir Publishers, 1970. Petrochemical Processes, A. Chauvel and G.Lefebvre, Volume 1 & 2, Gulf Publishing Company, 1989. Handbook of Petrochemical Production Processes, Robert A. Meyers, McGraw-Hill, 2004. Petrochemical Production Processes, N.Naderpour, SBS Publishers, 2009. Petrochemicals, B. K. Bhaskara Rao, Oxford & IBH Publishing, 2002. Chemicals from petroleum: An Introductory Survey, Waddams A.L., 4th Edition, Gulf Publishing, 1978.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-I UNIT- I: Introduction to Mass Transfer Operations: Classification of the MassTransfer Operations, Choice of Separation Method, Methods of Conducting the Mass-Transfer Operations, Design Principles, Unit Systems. Molecular Diffusion In Fluids: Molecular Diffusion, Equation of Continuity, binary solutions, Steady State Molecular Diffusion in Fluids at Rest and in Laminar Flow, estimation of diffusivity of gases and liquids, Momentum and Heat Transfer in Laminar flow. UNIT-II: Diffusion: Diffusion in Solids, Ficks Diffusion, Unsteady State Diffusion, Types of Solid Diffusion, diffusion through polymers, diffusion through crystalline solids, Diffusion through porous solids & hydrodynamic flow of gases. UNIT- III: Mass Transfer Coefficients: Mass Transfer Coefficients, Mass Transfer Coefficients in Laminar Flow (Explanation of equations only and no derivation), Mass Transfer Coefficients in Turbulent Flow, eddy diffusion, Film Theory, Penetration theory, Surface-renewal Theory, Combination Film-Surface-renewal theory, Surface-Stretch Theory, Mass, Heat and Momentum Transfer Analogies, Turbulent Flow in Circular Pipes. Mass transfer data for simple situations. UNIT-IV: Inter Phase Mass Transfer: Concept of Equilibrium, Diffusion between Phases, Material Balances in steady state co-current and counter current stage processes, Stages, Cascades, Kremser Brown equation. UNIT-V: Distillation: Fields of applications, VLE for miscible liquids, immiscible liquids, steam distillation, Positive and negative deviations from ideality, enthalpy-concentration diagrams, flash vaporization and differential distillation for binary and multi component mixtures.
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Continuous rectification-binary systems, multistage tray towersmethod of McCabe and Thiele, enriching section, exhausting section, feed introduction, total reflux, minimum and optimum reflux ratios, use of steam, condensers, partial condensers, cold reflux, multiple feeds, tray efficiencies, continuous-contact equipment (packed towers) UNIT- VI: Multistage tray towers- Ponchon and Savarit method, the enriching and stripping sections, feed tray location, total reflux, minimum and optimum reflux ratios, reboilers, use of open steam, condenser and reflux accumulators, azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation, comparison of azeotropic and extractive distillation. UNIT-VII: Absorption and Stripping: Absorption equilibrium, ideal and non ideal solutions selection of a solvent for absorption, one component transferred: material balances. Determination of number of plates (graphical), absorption Factor, estimation of number of plates by Kremser Brown equation. Continuous contact equipment: HETP &HTU concepts, absorption of one component, determination of number of transfer units and height of the continuous absorber, overall coefficients and transfer units, dilute solutions, overall height of transfer units. UNIT-VIII: Equipment For Gas-Liquid Operations: Gas dispersed, sparged vessels (bubble columns), mechanical agitated equipments(brief description),tray towers, general characteristics, sieve tray design for absorption and distillation (qualitative treatment), different types of tray efficiencies, liquid dispersed venturi scrubbers, wetted-wall towers, packed towers, counter current flow of liquid & gas through packing, mass transfer coefficients for packed towers, end effects and axial mixing- tray towesr vs packed towers. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Mass Transfer Operations, R.E. Treybal, 3rd Edition., Mc Graw Hill, 1980. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, W.L.McCabe, J.C.Smith & Peter Harriott, McGraw- Hill, 6th Edition, 2001.
Petrochemical Engineering REFERENCE BOOKS: 1.
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Coulson and Richardsons Chemical engineering, Vol 1,Backhurst, J.R., Harker, J.H., Richardson, J.F., and Coulson, J.M., ButterworthHeinemann, 1999. Coulson and Richardsons Chemical engineering, Vol 2, Richardson, J.F. & Harker,J.H. with Backhurst, J.R., Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002. Principles of Mass Transfer and Separation Processes, Binay K. Datta, PHI Learning Private Ltd., 2009. Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, Cussler, E.L., Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984. Design of Equilibrium Stage Processes, B.D.Smith, McGraw-Hill, 1963. Staged Cascades In Chemical Processing, P.L.T.Brian, Prentice-Hall, 1972. Equilibrium Staged Separations, Phillip C.Wankat, Prentice-Hall PTR, 1988. Equilibrium-Stage Separation Operations in Chemical Engineering, E.J.Henley and J.D.Seader, John Wiley & Sons, 1981. Transport Processes and Unit Operations by Christie J. Geankoplis, 4th Edition, PHI,2009. Separation Processes, C.J. King, 2nd Edition, McGraw- Hill, 1980.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION UNIT I: Fundamentals: Elements of Instruments, static and dynamic characteristicsBasic concepts of response of first order type instruments. Industrial Thermometers 1: Mercury in glass thermometer-Bimetallic thermometer-Pressure spring thermometer, Static accuracy and response of thermometry. UNIT -II Industrial Thermometers 2: Thermo electricity-Industrial thermocouplesThermo couple wires-Thermo couple wells and response of thermo couples. UNIT III Industrial Thermometers-3: Thermal coefficient of resistance-Industrial resistance-Thermometer bulbs and circuits-Radiation receiving elementsRadiation photo electric and optical pyrometers. UNIT -IV Composition analysis: Spectroscopic analysis by absorption, emission, mass and color measurement spectrometers-Gas analysis by thermal conductivity, analysis of moisture, refractometer. UNIT -V Pressure, vacuum and head: Liquid column manometers-Measuring elements for gauge pressure and vacuum-Indicating elements for pressure gauges-Measurement of absolute pressure-Measuring pressure in corrosive liquids-Static accuracy and response of pressure gauges. UNIT -VI Density and specific gravity measurements- direct measurement of liquid level-Pressure measurement in open vessels-Level measurements in pressure vessels-Measurement of interface level-Density measurement and level of dry materials. UNIT -VII Flow Meters: Head flow meters-Area flow meters-Open channel meters-
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Viscosity meters-Quantity meters-Flow of dry materials-Viscosity measurements. UNIT -VIII Recording instruments-Indicating and signaling instruments-Transmission of instrument readings-Controls center-Instrumentation diagram-Process analysis-Digital instrumentation. TEXT BOOK: 1. Industrial Instrumentation, Donald P.Eckman, CBS, 2004.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Principles of Industrial Instrumentation, Patranabis, 2nd Edition, Tata Mc Graw-Hill, 1996. Process Control and Instrumentation Technology, Curtis D. Johnson, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1988. Process Instrumentation Applications Manual, Bob Connell, 2nd Edition, Mc Graw-Hill, 1995.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER LAB 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Determination of total thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of composite wall. Determination of thermal conductivity of a metal rod. Determination of natural convective heat transfer coefficient for a vertical tube. Determination of critical heat flux point for pool boiling of water. Determination of forced convective heat transfer coefficient for air flowing through a pipe Determination of overall heat transfer coefficient in double pipe heat exchanger. Study of the temperature distribution along the length of a pin-fin under natural and forced convection conditions Estimation of un-steady state film heat transfer coefficient between the medium in which the body is cooled. Determination of Stefan Boltzmann constant. Determination of emissivity of a given plate at various temperatures.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS LAB 1. Estimation of diffusivity coefficients (a) vapors 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. (b) solids
Distillation, a) Steam distillation b) Differential distillation HETP evaluation in Packed Towers Vapor Liquid Equilibria Hydrodynamics of Spray column Continuous and Batch Drying Evaluation of Mass transfer coefficients (a) Surface Evaporation (b) Wetted wall column
8.
(a) Liquid- Liquid Equilibria (b) Ternary Liquid Equilibria (binodal curve)
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS I UNIT - I Introduction to Intellectual Property Law The Evolutionary Past - The IPR Tool Kit- Para -Legal Tasks in Intellectual Property Law Ethical obligations in Para Legal Tasks in Intellectual Property Law - Introduction to Cyber Law Innovations and Inventions Trade related Intellectual Property Right UNIT - II Introduction to Trade mark Trade mark Registration Process Post registration procedures Trade mark maintenance - Transfer of Rights Inter partes Proceeding Infringement - Dilution Ownership of Trade mark Likelihood of confusion - Trademarks claims Trade marks Litigations International Trade mark Law UNIT - III Introduction to Copyrights Principles of Copyright Principles -The subjects Matter of Copy right The Rights Afforded by Copyright Law Copy right Ownership, Transfer and duration Right to prepare Derivative works Rights of Distribution Rights of Perform the work Publicity Copyright Formalities and Registrations - Limitions - Copyright disputes and International Copyright Law Semiconductor Chip Protection Act UNIT - IV Introduction to Trade Secret Maintaining Trade Secret Physical Secrurity Employee Limitation - Employee confidentiality agreement Trade Secret Law - Unfair Competation Trade Secret Letigation Breach of Contract Applying State Law BOOKS: 1. 2. Deborah E.Bouchoux: Intellectual Property. Cengage learning , New Delhi Kompal Bansal & Parishit Bansal "Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers", BS Publications (Press)
Petrochemical Engineering 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
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Cyber Law. Texts & Cases, South-Westerns Special Topics Collections Prabhuddha Ganguli: Intellectual Property Rights Tata Mc-Graw Hill, New Delhi Richard Stim: "Intellectual Property", Cengage Learning, New Delhi. R. Radha Krishnan, S. Balasubramanian: "Intellectual Property Rights", Excel Books. New Delhi. M.Ashok Kumar and Mohd.Iqbal Ali: Intellectual Property Right Serials Pub.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. INDUSTRIAL VISITS During the semester, all the students are required to visit minimum 6 major industries like petroleum refineries, petrochemical, fertilizer and organic chemical complexes accompanied by two faculty members. After each visit, every student should submit a very brief report on the industry with flow diagrams and salient features of the processes that include safety and environmental aspects.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. MANAGEMENT SCIENCE Unit I Introduction to Management: Concept nature and importance of Management Functions of Management Evaluation of Management thought- Theories of Motivation Decision making process-Designing organization structure- Principles of organization - Types of organization structure Unit II Operations Management: Principles and Types of Management Work study- Statistical Quality Control- Control charts (P-chart, R-chart, and Cchart) Simple problems- Material Management: Need for Inventory controlEOQ, ABC analysis (simple problems) and Types of ABC analysis (HML, SDE, VED, and FSN analysis) Unit III Functional Management: Concept of HRM, HRD and PMIR- Functions of HR Manager- Wage payment plans(Simple Problems) Job Evaluation and Merit Rating - Marketing Management- Functions of Marketing Marketing strategies based on product Life Cycle, Channels of distributions. Unit IV Project Management: (PERT/CPM): Development of Network Difference between PERT and CPM Identifying Critical Path- Probability- Project Crashing (Simple Problems) Unit V Strategic Management: Vision, Mission, Goals, Strategy Elements of Corporate Planning Process Environmental Scanning SWOT analysisSteps in Strategy Formulation and Implementation, Generic Strategy alternatives Unit VI Management Ethics: Importance of Ethics in Business and Management Ethics in Marketing - HRM-Financial Management Business Ethics and Law (Case example)
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Business Communication: Report writing Cross Cultural Communication, Problems and Challenges- Presentation Skills Interviews- Video conferences Unit VIII Contemporary Management Practice: Basic concepts of MIS, MRP, Justin-Time(JIT) system, Total Quality Management(TQM), Six sigma and Capability Maturity Model(CMM) Levies, Supply Chain Management , Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Performance Management, Business Process outsourcing (BPO), Business process Re-engineering and Bench Marking, Balanced Score Card. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Dr. P. Vijaya Kumar & Dr. N. Appa Rao, Management Science Cengage, Delhi, 2012. Dr. A. R. Aryasri, Management Science TMH 2011.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Koontz & Weihrich: Essentials of management TMH 2011 Seth & Rastogi: Global Management Systems, Cengage learning , Delhi, 2011 Robbins: Organizational Behaviour, Pearson publications, 2011 Kanishka Bedi: Production & Operations Management, Oxford Publications, 2011 Philip Kotler & Armstrong: Principles of Marketing, Pearson publications Biswajit Patnaik: Human Resource Management, PHI, 2011 Hitt and Vijaya Kumar: Starategic Management, Cengage learning
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING-II (Process engineering and technology of production of petrochemicals should be dealt with by the instructor). UNIT-I Sources of propylene: Propylene recovery from fluid catalytic crackingPropane dehydrogenation, metathesis-Dehydration of paraffins-Methanol propylenePropylene oxidePropylene glycolPropylene glycol mono methyl etherIsopropyl alcoholAcetoneAcrylonitrileCumeneMethyl methacrylatebutyraldehydes and butanols. UNIT-II 2-Ethyl hexanolMethyl iso butyl ketoneDiacetone alcoholIsophorone Propylene carbonateAllyl chloride Epichlorohydrin Acrylic acid Acrlamide. UNIT-III Butadiene1-Butenen-Butenes-Isobutylenen-ButeneOctenes1,4ButanediolChloropreneIsoprene Cyclopentadiene and decyclopentadiene Piperylene, Isoamylene and 1-Pentene. UNIT-IV Ethyl benzene and styrenePhthalic anhydrideLinear alkyl benzene PhenolMaleic anhydride Nitrobenzene and aniline BisphenolA Alpha methyl styrene Dodecyl phenol Fumaric Acid. UNIT-V Isophthalic acid Benezoic acidBenzyl chloride, Benzyl chloride and BenzotrichlorideBenzaldehyde NitrotoluenesCyameneCresols NonylphenolDiisopropyl benzeneHydroquinoneAnthraquinonepDiethyl benzene. UNIT-VI Characteristics of polymersClassification of polymersPolymerization reactionspolymerization reactors polyethylene Polypropylene Polyvinyl chloridePolystyrene Epoxy resins Polycarbonates.
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Thermoplastic polyesters-Formaldehyde resins: Phenol-Formaldehyde, Urea and melamine-Formaldehyde-Polyurethane-Synthetic rubber: Classification of rubbers (Elastomer)-Styrene-Butadiene, Polybutadiene, Nitrile rubberPolytetrafluoroethylene-Ethylene vinyl acetate-Polymethylmethacrylate. UNIT-VIII Cyclohexane Caprolactam Adipic acid AdiponitrileHexamethylene diamene and Dimethyl terephthalete, Terephthalic acid Polyester fibre (Polyethylene terephthalate)Nylon 66Nylon 6 Acrylic fibres. TEXT BOOK: 1. Petrochemical Process Technology, ID Mall, Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi. 2007.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes, Sami Matar and Lewis F.Hatch, 2nd Edition, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, 2000. Fundamentals of Petroleum Chemical Technology, P Belov, Mir Publishers, 1970. Petrochemical Processes, A. Chauvel and G.Lefebvre, Volume 1 & 2, Gulf Publishing Company, 1989. Handbook of Petrochemical Production Processes, Robert A. Meyers, McGraw-Hill, 2004. Petrochemical Production Processes, N.Naderpour, SBS Publishers, 2009. Petrochemicals, B. K. Bhaskara Rao, Oxford & IBH Publishing, 2002. Chemicals from Petroleum: An Introductory Survey, Waddams, A.L., 4th Edition, Gulf Publishing, 1978.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-II UNIT-I: Liquid-Liquid Operations: fields of usefulness, liquid-liquid equilibrium, equilateral triangular co-ordinates, choice of solvent, stage wise contact, multistage cross-current extraction, Multi stage counter current without reflux-multi stage counter current with reflux,. Extraction Equipment: Differential (continuous contact) extractors, spray towers, packed towers, mechanically agitated counter-current extractors, centrifugal extractors, dilute solutions, super critical fluid extraction, fractional extraction. UNIT- II: Leaching: Fields of applications, preparation of solid for leaching, types of leaching, leaching equilibrium, single stage and multi stage leaching calculations, constant under flow conditions, equipment for leaching operation. UNIT- III: Humidification Operations: Vapor pressure curve, definitions, psychometric charts, enthalpy of gas-vapor mixtures, humidification and dehumidification, operating lines and design of packed humidifiers, dehumidifiers and cooling towers, spray chambers. UNIT- IV: Drying: Equilibrium, definitions, drying conditions- rate of batch drying under constant drying conditions, mechanisms of batch drying, drying time through circulation drying. Classification Of Drying Operations: Batch and continuous drying equipment, material and energy balances of continuous driers, rate of drying for continuous direct heat driers. UNIT-V: Crystallization: Crystal geometry, principles of crystallization equilibria and yields, nucleation, crystal growth, crystallization equipment, crystallizer design:CSD, crystallization from melts.
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Adsorption: Adsorption, types of adsorption, nature of adsorbents, adsorption equilibrium, single gases and vapors, adsorption hysteresis, effect of temperature, heat of adsorption, vapor and gas mixtures- one component adsorbed, effect of change of temperature or pressure. Liquids, adsorption of solute from dilute solution, the Freundlich equation, adsorption from concentrated solutions, adsorption operations, stage wise operation, application of Freundlich equation to single and multistage adsorption (cross current & counter current). UNIT-VII: Adsorption of vapor from a gas, fluidized bed, continuous contact, steady state moving bed adsorbers, unsteady statefixed bed adsorbers, adsorption wave, elution, adsorption-desorption operations- thermal desorption of gases, activated carbon solvent recovery, pressure swing and vacuum swing adsorption (qualitative treatment), regeneration with purge and desorbent. Ion-Exchange: Principles of ion exchange, techniques and applications, ion-movement theory, ion exclusion. UNIT-VIII: Membrane Separation Processes: Basic principles of membrane separation, classification of membrane processes pressure driven, concentration gradient driven, electric potential driven processes brief introduction on reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, pervaporation, dialysis, membrane extraction, electrodialysis. Types of synthetic membranes microporous, asymmetric, thin-film composite, electrically charged and inorganic membranes. Membrane modules - industrial applications. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Mass Transfer Operations by R.E. Treybal, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1980. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, W.L. McCabe, J.C. Smith & Peter Harriott, McGraw- ill, 6th Edition, 2001. Membrane Separation Processes, Kaushik Nath, PHI, 2008
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Coulson and Richardsons Chemical engineering, Vol 1,Backhurst, J.R., Harker,J.H.,Richardson, J.F., and Coulson,J.M., Butterworth-
Petrochemical Engineering Heinemann, 1999. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 10.
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Coulson and Richardsons Chemical engineering, Vol 2, Richardson, J.F. & Harker,J.H. with Backhurst, J.R., Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002. Principles of Mass Transfer and Separation Processes, Binay K. Datta, PHI Learning Private Ltd., 2009. Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems, Cussler, E.L., Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984. Design of Equilibrium Stage Processes, B.D.Smith, McGraw-Hill, 1963. Staged Cascades In Chemical Processing, P.L.T.Brian, Prentice-Hall, 1972. Equilibrium Staged Separations, Phillip C.Wankat, Prentice-Hall PTR, 1988. Equilibrium-Stage Separation Operations in Chemical Engineering, E.J.Henley and J.D.Seader, John Wiley & Sons, 1981. Transport Processes and Unit Operations by Christie J. Geankoplis, 4th Edition, PHI,2009. Separation Processes, C.J. King, 2nd Edition, McGraw- Hill, 1980.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL UNIT-I: Introduction to process dynamics and control, Response of First Order Systems - Physical examples of first order systems UNIT-II: Response of first order systems in series, higher order systems: Second order and transportation lag UNIT-III: Control systems Controllers and final control elements, Block diagram of a Petrochemical rector control system UNIT-IV: Closed loop transfer functions, Transient response of simple control systems UNIT-V: Stability Criterion, Routh Test, Root locus UNIT-VI: Transient response from root locus, Application of root locus to control systems Introduction to frequency response, Control systems design by frequency response. UNIT-VII: Advanced control strategies, Cascade control, Feed forward control, ratio control, Smith predictor, dead time compensation, internal model control. UNIT -VIII: Controller tuning and process identification. Control valves. TEXT BOOK: 1. Process Systems Analysis and Control by D.R. Coughanowr, 2nd ed. Mc Graw Hill, 1991
Petrochemical Engineering REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2.
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Chemical Process Control, G. Stephanopolous, Prentice Hall, 1984 Coulson and Richardsons Chemical Engineering, Volume 3, 3rd Edition: Chemical and Biochemical Reactors and Process Control, Richardson J. F. et.al, Elsevier India, 2006. Automatic Process Control, Donald P. Eckman, John wiley, Reprint 2011. Process Dynamics and Control, Dale Seaborg, Thomas F. Edgar, Duncan Mellichamp, 2nd edition, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2006. Principles of Process Control. Patranabis, 3rd Edition McGraw-Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., 2012. Industrial Process Control Systems, 2nd Edition, Dale R. Patrick, Stephon, W. Fardo, CRC Press, 2009. Modern Control Systems, 11th Edition Dorf, Pearson, 2008. Modern Control Engineering, Katsuhiko Ogata, 5th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2010. Principles and Practices of Automatic Process Control, Carlos A. Smith, Armando B. Corripio, 3rd International Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2005. Process control: Concepts, Dynamics & Control, S. K. Single, PHI Learning, 2009. Process control, Peter Harriott, Tata McGraw-Hill 1964. (10th reprint 2008). Computer-Aided Process Control, S. K. Singh, PHE Learning, 2004. Essentials of process control, William L. Luyben, Michacl L. Luyben, McGraw-Hill, 1997.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
10. 11. 12. 13.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PROCESS ENGINEERING ECONOMICS UNIT-I: Introduction: The process industries capital and interest economics and the process engineer. Value of Money Equivalence: Value of money equations for economic studies equivalence example problems the bond problem. UNIT-II: Amortization: Capital recovery depreciation straight-line method, sinking-fund method, fixed percentage method interest in depreciation calculations depreciation accounting depletion UNIT-III: Capital Requirements for Process Plants: Cost indices equipment costs the Williams six-tenths Factor service facilities buildings and other non-process items capital requirements for complete plantsapproximate cost estimates-detailed cost estimates total and process investment the balance sheet sources of capital. UNIT-IV: Costs, Earnings, Profits and Returns: Variable costs fixed costsexplanation of individual items of fixed costs-interest as an Item of cost using cost data-cost studies-the Income statement-income statement ratio profits and earnings-a discussion of theoretical economy and accounting-analysis of the income statement economic production charts capacity factors incremental costs differential analysis of economic production charts Economics of Selecting Alternates: Annual cost method present worth method equivalent alternates. UNIT-V: Rates of Return and Payout Time Replacements: Rate-of-return method payout-time method effect of source of capital nonproductive
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investments and taxes consideration of capacity factor replacement of existing facilities irreducible factors in economic analyses. UNIT-VI: Economic Balance: Economic balance in evaporation economic vessel design economic balance in fluid flow, heat transfer and mass transfer - economic balance with two variables, combined operation-combined operations with one variable- combined operations with two variables, combined operations with alternates-economic balance in other operationsgeneral considerations in economic balance-summary of procedure for economic balance analysis. UNIT-VII: Economic Balance in Cyclic Operations: Batch operations (fixed cycle time) batch operations (variable cycle time) multiple equipment units semicontinuous operations the batch filtration problem combination operations multiple-pass operations with changing efficiency. Economic Balance in Reactors: Economic analysis for variable feed and product grades, variable recovery economic balance for waste stream concentrations economic balance for yield in process operations-yield in a batch reactor (catalytic or noncatalytic)-yield in continuous multistage reactors (noncatalytic)-yield in a flow reactor (Noncatalytic)-yield in a flow reactor (catalytic) UNIT-VIII: Economic Balance and Inventory in Process Operations: Semicontinuous operations batch operations non-repetitive operations process inventory considerations the general case of inventory general summary of economic balance. Economic Analysis of A Complete Process: Operating plants-appraised value-earning value-stock and bond value proposed plants-capital requirements-estimated annual returns evaluation reliability of cost estimates. TEXT BOOK: 1. Process Engineering Economics, H.E. Schweyer, McGraw-Hill, New York,1955.
132 REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers, M.S.Peters and K.D.Timmerhaus, Mc Graw Hill, 4th Ed., 1991. Cost and Optimization Engineering, F.C. Jelen, McGraw-Hill, International ed., 1997. Process Engineering Economics, James R. Couper, Marcel Dekkar, Inc., 2003 Introduction to Process Economics, F.A. Holland, F. A. Watson, J. K. Wilkinson, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1983. Schaums outline of engineering economics, Jose Sepulveda, William Souder, Byron Gottfried, McGraw-Hill, 1984.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Chemical Engineering II Sem. CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING I UNITI: Overview of chemical reaction engineering: classification of reactions, variables affecting the rate of reaction definition of reaction rate. Kinetics of homogenous reactions- concentration dependent term of rate equation, Temperature dependent term of rate equation, searching for a mechanism, predictability of reaction rate from theory. UNITII: Interpretation of batch reactor data: constant volume batch reactor:Analysis of total pressure data obtained in a constant-volume system, the conversion, Integral method of analysis of data general procedure, irreversible unimolecular type first order reactions, irreversible bimolecular type second order reactions, irreversible trimolecular type third order reactions, empirical reactions of nth order, zero-order reactions, overall order of irreversible reactions from the half-life, fractional life method, irreversible reactions in parallel, homogenous catalyzed reactions, autocatalytic reactions, irreversible reactions in series. UNITIII: Constant volume batch reactor first order reversible reactions, second order reversible reactions, reversible reactions in general, reactions of shifting order, Differential method of analysis of data. Varying volume batch reactor: differential method of analysis, integral method of analysis, zero order, first order, second order, nth order reactions, temperature and reaction rate, the search for a rate equation. UNITIV: Introduction to reactor design: general discussion, symbols and relationship between CA and XA; Ideal reactors for a single reaction- Ideal batch reactor, Steady-state mixed flow reactor, Steady-state plug reactors. UNITV: Design for single reactions: Size comparison of single reactors, Multiplereactor systems, Recycle reactor, Autocatalytic reactions.
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Design for parallel reactions: introduction to multiple reactions, qualitative discussion about product distribution, quantitative treatment of product distribution and of reactor size. UNITVII: Irreversible first order reactions in series, quantitative discussion about product distribution, quantitative treatment, plug flow or batch reactor, quantitative treatment, mixed flow reactor, first-order followed by zeroorder reaction, zero order followed by first order reaction. UNITVIII: Temperature and Pressure effects: single reactions- heats of reaction from thermodynamics, heats of reaction and temperature, equilibrium constants from thermodynamics, equilibrium conversion, general graphical design procedure, optimum temperature progression, heat effects, adiabatic operations, non adiabatic operations, comments and extensions. Exothermic reactions in mixed flow reactors-A special problem, multiple reactions. TEXT BOOK: 1. Chemical Reaction Engineering, Octave Levenspiel, 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
REFERENCES BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, H.S. Fogler, 2nd Edition. PHI, 1992. Chemical Engineering Kinetics , J.M.Smith, 3rd Edition. McGrawHill, 1981. Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis, Aris. R., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1969. Modeling of Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design, Coker, A.K., Gulf Professional Publishing, 2001. Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Davis, M.E., and R.J. Davis, McGraw-Hill, 2002. Chemical Reactor Theory: An Introduction, Denbigh K.G., and J.C.R. Turner, 3rd Ed., Cambridge University Press, 1984.
Petrochemical Engineering 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.
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Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, Froment, G.B., and K.B. Bischoff, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 1990. An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Kinetics and Reactor Design, C.G. Hill Jr., John Wiley & Sons, 1977. Chemical Reaction Engineering: A First Course, Metcalfe, I.S., Oxford University Press, 1997. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Kinetics, Missen, R.W., C.A.Mims and B.A. Saville, Wiley, Toronto, 1999. The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, Schmidt, L.D., Oxford University Press, New York 1998. Reaction Kinetics for Chemical Engineers, Stanley M.Walas. Uni Publishers, 1989. Chemical Reactor Design, Peter Harriott, Marcel Dekkar, 2002.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. INSTRUMENTATION & PROCESS CONTROL LAB 1. Calibration and determination of time lag of various first and second order instruments. Major equipment - First order instrument like Mercury-in-Glass thermometer and Overall second order instrument like Mercury-inGlass thermometer in a thermal well. 2. Experiments with single and two capacity systems with and without interaction. Major equipment- Single tank system, Two-tank systems (Interacting and Non-Interacting). 3. Level control trainer Major equipment - Level control trainer set up with computer. 4. Temperature control trainer Major equipment -Temperature control trainer with computer. 5. Cascade control Major equipment -Cascade control apparatus with computer. 6. Experiments on proportional, reset, rate mode of control etc. Major equipment PID control apparatus 7. Control valve characteristics Major equipment Control valve set up. 8. Estimation of damping coefficient for U-tube manometer Major equipment - U-tube manometer.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem.
CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING LAB 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Determination of the order of a reaction using a batch reactor and analyzing the data by (a) differential method (b) integral method. Determination of the activation energy of a reaction using a batch reactor. To determine the effect of residence time on conversion and to determine the rate constant using a CSTR. To determine the specific reaction rate constant of a reaction of a known order using a batch reactor. To determine the order of the reaction and the rate constant using a tubular reactor. CSTRs in series- comparison of experimental and theoretical values for space times and volumes of reactors. Mass transfer with chemical reaction (solid-liquid system) determination of mass transfer coefficient. Axial mixing in a packed bed. Determination of RTD and dispersion number for a packed-bed using tracer and Determination of RTD and dispersion number in a tubular reactor using a tracer.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND PATENTS II UNIT - I Intellectual Property Law Basics Types of Intellectual Property Agencies responsible for Intellectual Property Regristration - Cyber crime and E-commerce International Aspects of Computer and Online Crime UNIT - II Introduction to Patent Law Rights and Limitations Rights under Patent Law Patent requirements - Ownership - Transfer - Patents Application Process Patent Infringement - Patent Litigation - International Patent Law Double Patenting Patent Searching Patent Law Treaty - New developments in Patent Law - Invention Developers and Promoters UNIT - III Introduction to Transactional Law: Creating Wealth and Managing Risk The Employment Relationship in the Internet and Tech Sector Contact for the Internet and Tech Sector - Business Assets in Information Age Symbol and Trademark Trolls and Landmines and other Metaphors UNIT - IV Regulatory , Compliance and Liability Issues State Privacy Law - Date Security Privacy issues - Controlling Over use or Misuse of 1 Intellectual Property Rights BOOKS:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Deborah E.Bouchoux: Intellectual Property. Cengage learning , New Delhi Kompal Bansal & Parishit Bansal "Fundamentals of IPR for Engineers", BS Publications (Press) Cyber Law. Texts & Cases, South-Westerns Special Topics Collections Prabhuddha Ganguli: Intellectual Property Rights Tata Mc-Graw Hill, New Delhi Richard Stim: "Intellectual Property", Cengage Learning, New Delhi. R. Radha Krishnan, S. Balasubramanian: "Intellectual Property Rights", Excel Books. New Delhi. M.Ashok Kumar and Mohd.Iqbal Ali: Intellectual Property Right Serials Pub.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem.
SUMMER TRAINING Every Student should undergo summer training (summer internship program) in a petroleum refinery/petrochemical complex/ fertilizer industry for 4-6 weeks and submit a report.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. TRANSPORT PHENOMENA UNIT-I: Viscosity and the mechanisms of momentum transfer: Newtons law of viscosity (molecular momentum transport), generalization of Newtons law of viscosity, pressure and temperature dependence of viscosity, molecular theory of the viscosity of gases at low density, molecular theory of the viscosity of liquids. Thermal conductivity and the mechanisms of energy transport: Fouriers law of heat conduction (molecular energy transport), temperature and pressure dependence of thermal conductivity, and theory of thermal conductivity of gases at low density. Diffusivity and the mechanisms of mass transport: Ficks law of binary diffusion (molecular mass transport), temperature and pressure dependence of diffusivities, theory of diffusion in gases at low density. UNIT-II: Shell momentum balances and velocity distributions in laminar flow: shell momentum balances and boundary conditions, flow of a falling film, flow through a circular tube, flow through annulus, flow of two adjacent immiscible fluids, creeping flow around a sphere. UNIT-III: Shell energy balances and temperature distributions in solids and laminar flow: shell energy balances; boundary conditions, heat conduction with an electrical heat source, heat conduction with a nuclear heat source, heat conduction with a viscous heat source, heat conduction with a Petrochemical heat source, heat conduction through composite walls, heat conduction in a cooling fin, forced convection, free convection. UNIT-IV: Concentration distributions in solids and laminar flow: shell mass balances; boundary conditions, diffusion through a stagnant gas film, diffusion with a heterogeneous Petrochemical reaction, diffusion with a homogeneous Petrochemical reaction, diffusion into a falling liquid film (gas absorption), diffusion into a falling liquid film (solid dissolution),
Petrochemical Engineering diffusion and Petrochemical reaction inside a porous catalyst. UNIT-V:
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The equations of change: Derivation of the equation of continuity in Rectangular and Polar coordinates, the equation of motion, the equation of energy, the equation of continuity of a component in multi component mixture (in rectangular coordinates only) the equations of change in terms of the substantial derivative. UNIT-VI: Use of equations of change to solve one dimensional steady state problems of momentum, heat and component transfer UNIT VII: Unsteady state one-dimensional transport of momentum, heat and component transfer. UNIT-VIII: Introduction to Turbulent transport, Time smoothing of equation change, Models for turbulent flux (explanation of equations only). TEXT BOOKS: 1. Transport Phenomena by Bird R.B., Stewart W.C., Lightfoot F.N., 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc, U.S.A, 1960.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Transport Processes : Momentum, Heat and Mass, C.J. Geankoplis, PHI, Allyn and Bacon Inc., 2nd Revised Edition, 1983. Transport Phenomena for Engineers by L. Theodore, International text book company, 1971. Transport Phenomena- A Unified Approach, Robert S. Brodkey, Harry C. Hershay, McGraw-Hill International Edition,1988 Transport Phenomena and Unit Operations-A combined Approach, Richard G. Griskey, John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Mass Transport Phenomena, Christie J. Geankoplis, Ohio State Univ Bookstore, 1984. Modeling in Transport Phenomena: A Conceptual Approach, Ismail Tosun, Elsevier, 2002.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PETROLEUM REFINING & PETROCHEMICAL PLANT DESIGN UNIT-I Overview of plant design: General overall design considerations- Basic concepts of process design for petroleum refining and petrochemical plants- Property estimations- Data bases- Safety considerations Environmental protection-Plant location-Plant operation & control. UNIT-II Process planning, scheduling and flow sheet design: Flow sheet development-Computer aided flow sheeting- The sequential modular simulation - Types of flow sheets - Computer aided flow sheet design/ drafting- Flow sheet symbols- Working schedules Information checklistsSystems units- Systems of designs pressures- Time planning and scheduling- Plant Layout Cost estimation and Economic evaluation. UNIT-III Fluid flow equipment: Materials handling equipment & design basic concepts- Piping in fluid transports processes- Pumping of fluidsCompression and expansion of fluids- Flow measurements- Storage & containment of fluids- Transport of solids- Handling of solids. UNIT-IV Design of mass transfer equipment-I: Plate and packed distillation columns - Examples from petrochemical industry-Distillation columns in refiningAtmospheric and vacuum distillation column design. UNIT-V Design of mass transfer equipment-II: Design of equipment for extraction, absorption, stripping, adsorption and humidification. UNIT-VI Process furnaces: Furnace functions- Description of furnace- Different types of furnaces- Furnace thermal efficiency Component parts of furnace- Designing a furnace. UNIT-VII Heat exchangers: Heat exchanger functions- Operating principle
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Technological construction principles and circulation modes- Parameters Influencing exchanger performance- Critical points in selecting Heat exchanger type and technological design- Shell and tube heat exchangersOther tubular exchangers- Compact non-tubular exchangers Air-cooled exchangers- Direct contact exchangers. UNIT-VIII Design of reactors: An introduction to reactors- Reactors used in refineries like steam cracking reactors, dimerization reactors, gas scrubbers, aliphatic alkylators, hydrogenates, catalytic reformers, catalytic crackers, and hydrotreaters. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Petroleum Refining: Materials and Equipment, P. Trambouze, Editions Technip, 2000. Applied Process Design for Chemical & Petro Chemical Plants, E.E Ludwizg, Vol-1,2 & 3, Gulf professional publishing , 3rd Edition , Elsevier,2001. Plant Design & Economics for Chemical Engineers, Max Peters, Klaus D. Timmerhaus, Ronald West, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2011. Chemical Engineering Design, R.Sinnot and Gavin Towler, 5th Edition, Butterworth-Heinmann, 2009. Chemical Process Equipment Selection & Design, J.R. Couper, W.R.Penny, J.R. Fair, & S. M. Walas, Revised 2nd Edition, ButterworthHeinemann, 2010. Introduction to Process Engineering and Design, S.B.Thakore and B.I.Bhatt, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007. Chemical Processing Engineering: Design & Economics, H.Silla, Marcel Dekkar,Inc., 2003. A Guide to Chemical Engineering Process Design & Economics, Gael D.Ulrich, Process Publishing, 1984. Process Engineering and Design Using Visual Basic, Arun Datta, CRC Press, 2008.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IVYear B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING II UNITI: Basics of non-ideal flow: E, the age distribution of fluid, the RTD, conversion in non-ideal flow reactors, diagonizing reactors ills (qualitative discussion only). UNIT II: The dispersion model- axial dispersion, correlations for axial dispersion, Petrochemical reaction and dispersion. UNIT III: The tanks in series model- pulse response experiments and the RTD, Petrochemical conversion. The convection model for laminar flow- the convective model and its RTD, Petrochemical conversion in laminar flow reactors. UNIT IV: Earliness of mixing, segregation and RTD- self-mixing of a single fluid, mixing of two miscible fluids. UNIT V: Catalysis and catalytic reactors- catalysts, steps in a catalytic reactions, synthesizing a rate law, mechanism and rate limiting step. (From chapter 6 Fogler). UNIT VI: Heterogeneous reactions- introduction. Solid catalyzed reaction:- pore diffusion resistance combined with surface kinetics, porous catalyst particles, heat effects during reaction, performance equations for reactors containing porous catalyst particles. UNIT VII: Solid catalyzed reactions: Experimental methods for finding rates Deactivating catalysts- mechanisms of catalyst deactivation, the rate and performance equations.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT VIII: Fluid-fluid reactions: kinetics- the rate equation.
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Fluid-particle reactions: kinetics- selection of a model, shrinking core model for spherical particles of unchanging size, rate of reaction for shrinking spherical particles, extensions, determination of rate controlling step. TEXT BOOK: 1. Chemical Reaction Engineering by Octave Levenspiel 3rd ed. Wiley Eastern Ltd.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, H.S. Fogler, 2nd Edition. PHI, 1992. Chemical Engineering Kinetics , J.M.Smith, 3rd Edition. McGrawHill, 1981. Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis, Aris. R., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1969. Modeling of Chemical Kinetics and Reactor Design, Coker, A.K., Gulf Professional Publishing, 2001. Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Davis, M.E., and R.J. Davis, McGraw-Hill, 2002. Chemical Reactor Theory: An Introduction, Denbigh K.G., and J.C.R. Turner, 3rd Ed., Cambridge University Press, 1984. Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, Froment, G.B., and K.B. Bischoff, 2nd Ed., Wiley, 1990. An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Kinetics and Reactor Design, C.G. Hill Jr., John Wiley & Sons, 1977. Chemical Reaction Engineering: A First Course, Metcalfe, I.S., Oxford University Press, 1997. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Kinetics, Missen, R.W., C.A.Mims and B.A. Saville, Wiley, Toronto, 1999. The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, Schmidt, L.D., Oxford University Press, New York 1998. Chemical reactor design, Peter Harriott, Marcel Dekkar, 2002. Reaction Kinetics for Chemical Engineers, Stanley M.Walas. Uni Publishers, 1989.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. ENERGY MANAGEMENT UNIT I Introduction: Global & Indian energy scenario-Classification of energy sources-Energy needs of growing economy-Energy sector reform-Energy and environment-Global environmental concerns-Basics of energy and its various forms. UNIT II Energy audit: Types of energy audit- Energy management (audit) approachunderstanding energy costs-Bench marking-Energy performance-Matching energy use to requirement-Maximizing system efficiencies-Optimizing the input energy requirements-Fuel and energy substitution-Energy audit instruments. Material and energy balance: Facility as an energy system- Methods for preparing process flow-Material and energy balance diagrams. UNIT III Energy action planning, financial management: Financial analysis techniques-Risk and sensitivity analysis- Financing options- Energy performance contracts and role of ESCOs- Energy Monitoring and Targeting: Elements of monitoring & targeting-Data and informationAnalysis, techniques -Energy consumption, production-Cumulative sum of differences (CUSUM). UNIT IV Building envelope: Principles of analysis-Envelope performance -Envelope analysis of existing and new buildings-Building standards for new and existing constructions. HVAC Systems types-Energy conservation opportunities-Cooling equipment-Domestic hot water estimating HVAC energy consumption. UNIT VI Principles of electric energy management-Energy management control systems-Energy systems maintenance-Energy management in water and waste water treatment-Solid waste treatment- air pollution control systems.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT VII
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Energy management in boilers and fired systems-Steam and condensate systems- Cogeneration Waste heat recovery-Energy management in process industries. UNIT VIII Energy security- Codes- Standards- Electricity act-Energy conservation act. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Energy Management and Conservation Handbook, Frank Kreith & D. Yogi Goswami, CRC Press, New York, 2008. General Aspects of Energy Management and Audit, National Productivity Council of India, Chennai (Course Material- National Certification Examination for Energy Management).
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Energy Management Handbook, W.C. Turner, 5th Edition, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 2005. Guide to Energy Management, B. L. Capehart, W. C. Turner, W. J. Kennedy, CRC Press, New York, 2005. IEEE Recommended Practice for Energy Management in Industrial and commercial Facilities, IEEE standards Board, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 1996.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. Open Elective INTDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY UNIT-I Fundamentals of biochemical engineering sciences- Bio technology Ancient and modern. UNIT -II Exploitation of microbes-Large scale process, Commercial exploitationMicro gravity biotechnology (Space biotechnology). UNIT -III Animal biotechnology: Application of animal cell culture-Monoclonal antibodies-Transgenic animal and gene therapy. UNIT -IV Plant biotechnology: Plant cell-Tissue and organ culture processes Engineering perspectives. UNIT -V Large scale separation processes: ATPS-Gradient elution and affinity interaction. UNIT -VI Techno economics of biotechnology industries. UNIT -VII Legal, social and ethical aspects of biotechnology. UNIT -VIII Fermentation economics-isolation of micro organisms of potential industrial interest -Market potential, Recovery costs. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Text book of Biotechnology, HK Das, John Wiley, 2004. Concepts in Biotechnology, Balasubramanium, University Press, 2nd Edition, 2004.
Petrochemical Engineering REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3.
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Molecular Biotechnology, Bernard R. Glick and J.J.Pasternack, AS M Press, 2010. Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering, Bailey Ollis, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1986 Introduction to Biotechnology, Ray V.Herren, Delmar Cengage learning, 2012.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. Open Elective GREEN FUEL TECHNOLOGIES UNIT-I Introduction: Plant based biofuels- World biofuels scenarioThermochemical conversion of biomass to liquids and gaseous fuels. UNIT-II Bioethanol from biomass: Production of ethanol from molasses - Bioethanol from starchy biomass: Production of starch Saccharifying enzymes Hydrolysis and fermentation. UNIT-III Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass: Pretreatment of the substratesProduction of Cellulases and Hemicellulases- Hydrolysis and fermentation. UNIT-IV Biodiesel production technologies and substrates- Lipase-catalyzed preparation of biodiesel-Biodiesel production with supercritical fluid technologies. UNIT-V Biodiesel from different plant seeds: Palm oil diesel production and its experimental test on a diesel engine - Biodiesel production using karanja (pongamia pinnata) and jatropha (jatropha curcas) seed oil - Biodiesel production form rubber seed oil and other vegetable oils. UNIT-VI Microbial production of methane: Different types of bio-digesters and biogas technology in India. UNIT-VII Hydrogen production by fermentation-Microbial fuel cells. UNIT-VIII Biodiesel from algae: Algaculture-Challenges-Algaculture for biodiesel
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production-Advantages of biodiesel from Algae oil-Research & Development. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Hand book of Plant Based Biofuels, Ashok Pandey, CRC Press, 2009. Biofuels Engineering Process Technology, Caye M. Drapcho, Nghiem Phu Nhuan, Terry H. Walker, McGraw-Hill, 2008.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. Open Elective FUNDAMENTALS OF PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING UNIT-I Introduction: The evolution of petroleum refining Petroleum refining in India- From the oil patch to the refinery- Oil patch operations Gas plants Transportation LNG. Crude oil characteristics: Crude oil compositionDistillation curves FractionsCutting crudes Gravities Sulfur content. UNIT-II Distilling: The simple still Distillation columnReflux and reboilCut pointsSettling cut points-variations. Vacuum flashing: The cracking phenomena Effects of low pressure Vacuum flashingAdjusting the distillation curve. UNIT-III The chemistry of petroleum: Atoms and moleculesHydrocarbons Naphthenes Olefins and aromatics. Refinery gas plants: Sats gas plant Cracked gas plant Disposition Storage facilities. Cat cracking: The process Reaction section Catalysts The regenerator The fractionator Yields process variables. UNIT-IV Alkylation: The chemical reaction The process Yields Process variables Polyplants. Cat forming: The chemical reactions The process Generative reformers Regeneration Continuous cat reforming Process variables. UNIT-V Hydrocracking: The process The hardware and the reactions. Isomerization: Butane Isomerization C / C Isomerization.
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Residue reduction: Thermal cracking and visbreaking Coking Cat
Petrochemical Engineering cracking and hydrocracking. UNIT-VI
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Gasoline: Gasoline enginesVapor pressureOctane numberLeaded gasolinePetrochemical blending components Combating smog and ozone TOx , NOx, VOx, and SOx gasoline blending. Distillate and residual fuels: Kerosene and jet fuel Heating oil Automotive diesel fuel Residual fuels. UNIT-VII Hydrogen, hydrotreating and sulfur plants: Hydrotreating Hydrogen sources Sulfur facilities. Asphalt: Composition Asphaltic crude oils Asphalt products. Lubricants: Properties and specification Refinery operations Synthetic lubes Grease Waxes. UNIT-VIII Ethylene plants: The process Refinery interactions Products. Simple and complex refineries Solvent Recovery of aromatics Fuel heating values. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Petroleum Refining in Nontechnical Language, William L. Leffler, 4th Edition, Penn well, 2008. Modern Petroleum Refining Processes, B.K. Bhaskara Rao, 5th Edition, Oxford & IBH Publishing Company, 2008.
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Fundamentals of Petroleum Refining, Mohemmed A. Fahim, Taher A. AL Sahhat, Amal Elkilani, Elsevier, 2010.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. Elective-I PROCESS MODELING AND SIMULATION UNIT-I Mathematical models for chemical engineering systems-FundamentalsIntroduction to fundamental laws. UNIT -II Examples of mathematical models of chemical engineering systems- Constant volume CSTRS-Two heated tanks-Gas phase pressurized CSTR-Non isothermal CSTR. UNIT -III Examples of single component vaporizer- Batch reactor-Reactor with mass transfer-Ideal binary distillation column- Batch distillation with holdup. UNIT -IV Numerical methods for simulation-I: Iterative methods-Bisection, false position, NewtonRaphson, successive approximation methodsComparison of iterative methods-Solution of linear simultaneous algebraic equations- Computation of eigen values and eigen vectors- Gauss elimination method- Gauss-Jordan and Gauss-Seidels method. UNIT V Numerical methods for simulation-II: Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpsons rules-Numerical solution of differential equations-Euler method, Runge-Kutta fourth order method-Milne predictor corrector method. Interpolation, Lagrange interpolation-Forward difference-Backward difference and central difference interpolation methods-Least square approximation of functions-Linear regression-Polynomial regression. UNIT VI Computer simulation examples: Gravity flow tank- Three CSTRs in seriesBinary distillation column- Batch reactor-Simulation of Non-isothermal CSTR-VLE dew point, bubble point calculations - Countercurrent heat exchanger.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT -VII
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Application of solution of partial differential equations in simulation: Techniques for convective problems-Unsteady state steam heat exchangerTechniques for diffusive problems-Unsteady state heat conduction in a rod. UNIT -VIII What are CFD and EFD? Introduction to numerical methods for CFDConvection and diffusion - SIMPLE and SIMPLER algorithms NavierStokes equation - Grid generation- Solution methods for PDEs. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Process Modeling, Simulation and Control for Chemical Engineers by W. L. Luyben, McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition,1990. Numerical Methods for Engineers, S.K. Gupta, New Age International, 1995. Computational Methods for Process Simulation, W.F.Ramirez, 2nd Edition, Butterworth- Heinmann, 1997.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Modeling and Simulation in Chemical Engineering, Roger G.E. Franks, Wiley-Interscience, 1972. Chemical Engineering: Modeling, Simulation and Similitude, T.G. Dobre, J. G. Sanchez Marcano, Wiley-VCH., 2007. Applied Mathematics and Modeling for Chemical Engineers, R. G. Rice, D. D. Do, John Wiley & Sons, 1995. Chemical Process Modeling and Computer Simulation, Jana Amiya K. 2nd Edition, PHI learning, 2011. Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat, Mass Transfer process, N. C. Markatos, D. G. Tatchell, M. Cross; Springer, 1986. Process Simulation, W. Fred Ramirez, Lexington Books, 1977.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. Elective-I PIPELINE ENGINEERING UNITI Elements of pipeline design: Fluid properties Environment - Effects of pressure and temperature - Supply / Demand scenario - Route selection - Codes and standards - Environmental and hydrological considerations Economics - Materials / Construction Operation - Pipeline protection - Pipeline integrity monitoring. Pipeline route selection, survey and geotechnical guidelines: Introduction - Preliminary route selection - Key factors for route selection - Engineering survey - Legal survey - Construction / As-built survey - Geotechnical design. UNITII Natural gas transmission: General flow equation Steady state - Impact of gas molecular weight and compressibility factor on flow capacity - Flow regimes - Widely used steady-state flow equations Summary of the impact of different gas and pipeline parameters on the gas flow efficiency Pressure drop calculation for pipeline in series and parallel Pipeline gas velocity Erosional velocity Optimum pressure drop for design purposes Pipeline packing Determining gas leakage using pressure drop method Wall thickness / pipe grade Temperature profile Optimization process Gas transmission solved problems. UNITIII Gas compression and coolersI: Types of compressors Compressor drivers Compressor station configuration Thermodynamics of isothermal and adiabatic gas compression Temperature change in adiabatic gas compression Thermodynamics of polytropic gas compression Gas compressors in series Centrifugal compressor horsepower Enthalpy / Entropy charts (Mollier diagram) Centrifugal compressor performance curve Influence of pipeline resistance on centrifugal compressor performance. UNITIV Gas compression and coolers II: Reciprocation compressors Gas
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compression solved problems Gas coolers Air-cooled heat exchangers Coolers heat transfer equations Fan air mass flow rate Required fan power Gas pressure drop in coolers Iterative procedure for calculations based on unknown T .
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UNITV Liquid flow and pumps: Fully developed laminar flow in a pipe Turbulent flow Centrifugal pumps Retrofitting for centrifugal pumps (Radial-flow) Pump station control Pump station piping design. Transient flow in liquid and gas pipelines: Purpose of transient analysis Theoretical fundamentals and transient solution technique Applications Computer applications. UNITVI Pipeline mechanical design: Codes and standards Location classification Pipeline design formula Expansion and flexibility Joint design for pipes of unequal wall thickness Value assemblies Scraper traps Buoyancy control Crossings Depth of cover Aerial markings Warning signs. UNITVII Materials selection and quality management: Elements of design Materials designation standards Quality management. Pipeline construction: Construction Commissioning. Pipeline protection, Instrumentation and digging: Pipeline coating Cathodic protection Cathodic protection calculations for land pipelines Internal corrosion Flow meters and their calibration Sensors Pigs. UNITVIII Pipeline operations, monitoring, maintenance and rehabilitation: General operation of pipelines Automatic control systems Integrity monitoring Different methods of leak detection. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Pipeline Design and Construction: A Practical Approach, M. Mahitpour, H. Golshan and M.A. Murray, 2nd Edition, ASME Press, 2007. Pipeline Engineering, Henry Liu, Lewis Publishers (CRC Press), 2003.
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158 REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
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Piping Calculation Manual, E. Shashi Menon, McGraw-Hill, 2004. Piping and Pipeline Engineering: Design, Construction, Maintenance Integrity and Repair, George A. Antaki, CRC Press, 2003. Pipeline Planning and Construction Field Manual, E. Shashi Menon, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2011. Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook, E. W. McAllister, 7th Edition, 2009. Liquid Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Mareel Dekker, Inc., 2004. Gas Pipeline Hydraulics, E. Shashi Menon, Taylor & Francis, 2005.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. Elective-I PETROLEUM PRODUCTION ENGINEERING UNIT-I Petroleum production system - Properties of oil & natural gas. UNIT-II Reservoir deliverability -Well bore performance. UNIT-III Choke performance - Well deliverability. UNIT-IV Forecast of well production-Production decline analysis. UNIT-V Well tubing : Design & Selection; Separation system :Design & Selection;Transportation system :Design & Selection. UNIT-VI Artificial lift methods: sucker rod pumping - Gas lift - Other artificial lift methods. UNIT-VII Production stimulation: Well problem identification - Matrix acidizing. UNIT-VIII Hydraulic fracturing- Production optimization. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Petroleum Production Engineering: A Computer Assisted Approach, Boyun Guo, William C. Lyons, Ali Ghalambor, Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2007. 2. Petroleum Production Systems, M. J. Economides, A. Daniel Hill & C. E. Economides, Prentice- Hall, 1994. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Production Technology I-II, Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Herriot Watt University. 2. The Technology of Artificial Lift Method, Vol. 1, Brown, E., Pennwell Books, 1977.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PROCESS EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND DRAWING LAB (Using AUTOCAD) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Drawing of flow sheet symbols. Drawing of instrumentation symbols. Drawing of piping & instrumentation diagrams. Drawing of flow diagram of a process. Mechanical aspects chemical equipment design and drawing of following equipment: a) b) c) d) e) Double pipe heat exchanger Shell and tube heat exchanger Absorber Distillation column with Auxiliaries Spherical Storage Vessel.
TEXT BOOK: 1. Joshis Process Equipment Design by V.V. Mahajani, S.B. Umarji, 4th Edition, Macmillan Publishers, 2009.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. SIMULATION LAB The following experiments have to be conducted using C/C++/ Simulink using MATLAB/Hysys: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Benzene-Toluene distillation Column Ethylbenzene-Styrene distillation Column Flash Distillation Non isothermal CSTR Crude Distillation Unit Vacuum Distillation Unit Shell & tube heat exchanger Interacting system- two tank liquid level Non interacting system-two tank liquid level Plug flow reactor Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Absorber for CO2 and H2S.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering I Sem. PRESENTATION OF SUMMER TRAINING REPORT The presentation of the summer training report by the candidates should be conducted by a committee constituted by the Head of the Department for evaluation. Summer training report of the students shall be evaluated for 50 marks by the committee appointed by the university.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. INDUSTRIAL SAFETY & HAZARD MANAGEMENT UNIT-I Introduction: Safety programs - Engineering ethics - Accident and loss statistics - Acceptable risk - Public perceptions - The nature of the accident process - Inherent safety. Toxicology: How toxicants enter biological organisms - How toxicants are eliminated from biological organisms - Effects of toxicants on biological organisms - Toxicological studies - Dose Vs response - Models for dose and response curves - Relative toxicity - Threshold limit values. UNIT-II Industrial hygiene: Government of India regulations and OSHA - Industrial hygiene identification - Evaluation - Control. UNIT-III Source models: Introduction to source models - Flow of liquid through a hole - Flow of liquid through a hole in a tank - Flow of liquids through pipes - Flow of vapor through holes - Flow of gases through pipes Flashing liquids - Liquid pool evaporation or boiling - Realistic and worstCase releases. UNIT-IV Toxic release and dispersion models: Parameters affecting dispersion Neutrally buoyant dispersion models - Pasqual-Gifford model - Dense gas dispersion. UNIT-V Fires and explosions: Classification of fires - The fire triangle - Distinction between fires and explosions Definitions - Flammability characteristics of liquids and vapors - Limiting oxygen concentration and Inerting Flammability diagram - Ignition energy Autoignition Auto oxidation Adiabatic compression - Ignition sources - Sprays and mists Explosions. UNIT-VI Designs to prevent fires and explosions: Inerting - Static electricity Controlling static electricity - Explosion-Proof equipment and instruments
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Ventilation - Sprinkler systems - Miscellaneous designs for preventing fires and explosions. UNIT-VII Introduction to reliefs: Relief concepts Definitions - Location of reliefs - Relief types - Relief scenarios - Data for sizing reliefs - Relief systems. Relief sizing: Conventional spring-Operated reliefs in liquid service Conventional spring-Operated reliefs in vapor or gas service - Rupture disc reliefs in liquid service - Rupture disc reliefs in vapor or gas service - Deflagration venting for dust and vapor explosions - Venting for fires external to process vessels - Reliefs for thermal expansion of process fluids. UNIT-VIII Hazards identification: Process hazards checklists - Hazards surveys Hazards and operability studies - Safety reviews - Other methods. Risk assessment: Review of probability theory - Event trees - Fault trees - QRA and LOPA. Accident investigations: Learning from accidents - Layered investigations - Investigation process - Investigation summary - Aids for diagnosis Aids for recommendations. TEXT BOOK: 1. Chemical Process Safety: Fundamentals with Applications, Daniel A. Crowl, Joseph F. Louvar, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2011.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. Safety and Accident Prevention in Chemical Operations, H.H.Fawcett and W.S.Wood, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1982. Guidelines For Process Safety: Fundamentals in General Plant Operations, Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1995. ILO OSH 2001. Government of India: The Factories Act 1948, amended 1954, 1970, 1976 and 1987; The manufacture, storage and import of hazardous chemicals rules, 1989; The Explosives Act 1884; The Petroleum Act 1934; National policy on safety, Health and environment at workplace, Government of India; Constitutional provisions of occupational safety and health, The Constitution of India.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective II FLUIDIZATION ENGINEERING UNIT-I Introduction: The phenomenon of fluidization-Liquid like behaviour of a fluidized bed-Comparison with other contacting methods-Advantages and disadvantages of fluidized beds. UNIT-II Industrial applications of fluidized beds: Coal gasification-Gasoline from other petroleum fractions; Gasoline from natural and synthesis gases-Heat exchange-Coating of metal objects with plastics-Drying of solids-Synthesis of phthalic anhydride-Acrylonitrile-Polymerization of olefins-FCCU-Fluidized combustion of coal-Incineration of solid waste- Activation of carbonGasification of waste- Bio-fluidization. UNIT-III Fluidization and mapping of regimes: Minimum fluidization velocityPressure drop vs. Velocity diagram-Effect of temperature and pressure on fluidization-Geldart classification of particles- Terminal velocity of particlesTransport disengaging height-Turbulent fluidization-Pneumatic transport of solids-Fast fluidization-Solid circulation systems- Voidage diagramMapping of regimes of fluidization. UNIT-IV Bubbles in dense bed: Single rising bubbles- Davidson model for gas flow at bubbles-Evaluation of models for gas flow at bubbles. UNIT-V Bubbling fluidized beds: Experimental findings- Estimation of bed VoidagesPhysical models: Simple Two phase model; K-L model. UNIT-VI High velocity fluidization: Turbulent fluidized bed- Fast fluidizationPressure drop in turbulent and fast fluidization. Solids movement, mixing, segregation and staging: Vertical movement of solids- Horizontal movement of solids; Staging of fluidized beds.
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Gas dispersion and gas interchange in bubbling beds: Dispersion of gas in beds- Gas interchange between bubble and emulsion- Estimation of gas interchange coefficients. UNIT-VIII Particle to gas mass transfer: Experimental Interpolation of mass transfer coefficients- Heat transfer- Experimental heat transfer from the bubbling bed model. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Fluidization Engineering, Kunii Diazo and Octave Levenspiel, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1991. Fluidized Bed Technology: Principles and Applications, J.R. Howard, Taylor and Francis, 1989.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. Fluidization Fundamentals and Application, Howard Littman et al., American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1970. Handbook of Fluidization and Fluid Particle Systems, Wen-Ching Yang, CRC Press, 2003.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective II FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING TECHNOLOGY UNIT-I Introduction: Process overview History- Role in petroleum refining Process description commercial FCC Designs- Future trends. UNIT-II Fundamentals: Reactions- Feed stock and feed stock characterizationYields and products Kinetics Product properties- Catalyst Heat balances Mass balances and test runs Hydrogen balance Pressure balance. UNIT-III Riser/Reactor design and operations: Feed injection section Riser Riser termination-Reactor vessel- Catalyst stripper Operating considerations. UNIT-IV Regenerator design: Coke combustion Vessel design Air distributorCatalyst distribution CyclonesAir blower- carbon burning kineticsRegenerator heat removal- Air heaters Operating considerations. UNIT-V Flue gas systems: Flue gas flows and properties- Flue gas systems- Flue gas control valves- Orifice chamber- Third stage separators- Turbo expanders- Water sprays- Flue gas coolers- Electrostatic precipitators- SO x removal - NO removal Design and operating considerations.
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Cyclones: FCC Cyclones systems- Cyclone design- Cyclone performanceOperating considerations. UNIT-VI Fluidization and stand pipe flow: Fluidization fundamentals- Fluidization in FCC in operations- Catalyst densities Stand pipe- Gamma scans and radiotracer studies- Cold flow models- Slide valves.
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Product recovery: Reactor transfer line- Main fractionator- Gas recovery unit- Treating- Operating considerations. UNIT-VIII Catalyst technology, selection and monitoring: Early catalysts- Catalyst technology- Catalyst manufacture- Catalyst testing and evaluation- Catalyst monitoring- Catalyst additives. Trouble shooting: Trouble shooting basics- Problem areas- Turnaround inspections. TEXT BOOK: 1. Fluid Catalytic Cracking Technology and Operation, Joseph W. Wilson, Pennwell Publications Company, 1997.
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Fluid Catalytic Cracking Hand Book, Reza Sadeghbeigi, 2nd Edition, Gulf Professional Publishing 2000.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective II HEAVY OIL PROCESSING UNIT-I General considerations: Over view of heavy oil processing. Physical properties with carbon rejection: Deasphalting- Deasphalting process- Process development, Industrial plants-Variants of the processChoice of operating conditions- Nature of solvent- Influence of temperature, Influence of feedstock characteristics- Uses and further processing of products- Deasphalting oils, Possible uses of asphalts. UNIT-II Carbon rejecting processes by thermal treatment: Different processesCommon points and specific features- Points in common, specific features and differences, Delayed coking and similar processes-Fluid coking and similar processes. UNIT-III Resid cat cracking- Performance of thermal carbon rejection processesPyrolysis processes, Resid cat cracking - Products and further usesProducts from pyrolysis processes- Products from resid cat cracking. UNIT- IV Thermal conversion processes: Thermal conversion processes without hydrogen visbreaking- Chemistry of visbreaking-Visbreaking processesUses and further refining products. UNIT- V Noncatalytic conversion processes under hydrogen pressure: Hydrovisbreaking- Hydrogen donor processes- Slurry processes under hydrogen pressure. UNIT- VI Catalytic conversion under hydrogen pressure: Catalytic hydrotreating Catalyst characteristics- Demetallization catalysts, Hydrorefining catalystsOperating conditions and kinetics.
170 UNIT-VII
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Types of catalytic hydrotreating processes: Fixed bed processes, moving bed processes, ebullated bed processes. Upgrading and uses of products. UNIT- VIII Resid processing schemes: Catalytic hydroconversion and visbreakingDeasphalting and delayed coking- Treating of heavy crudes Hydrotreating and coking. TEXT BOOK: 1. Resid and Heavy Oil Processing, J.F. Le Page, S.G. Chatila and M. Davidson, Editions Technip, 1992.
REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Heavy Oil Processing Handbook, Teruo Noguchi, Research Association for Residual Oil Processing, 1991.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective III COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING UNIT-I Introduction: Algebraic equations-Process simulation- Differential equations. Review of numerical methods and their application in fluid flow, heat transfer, phase equilibria & mass transfer operations. Equations of state: Mathematical formulation Solving equations of state using Excel & Solver- Solving equations of state using MATLAB with a few examples. UNIT-II Vapor liquid equilibrium: Flash and phase separation, Isothermal flash development of equations, Example using Excel, Thermodynamic parameters-Example using MATLAB, Non ideal LiquidsTest of thermodynamic model. Chemical reaction equilibrium: Chemical equilibrium expression- Example of Hydrogen for fuel cells, Solution using Excel & MATLAB; Chemical equilibria with two or more equations- Multiple Equations- Solutions Using MATLAB. UNIT-III Mass balances with recycle streams: Mathematical formulation-Example without recycle-Example with recycle; Comparison of sequential and simultaneous solution methods- Example of process simulation using Excel for simple mass balances. UNIT-IV Mass transfer operations: Multi component distillation with shortcut methods-Multi component distillation with rigorous plate-to-plate methodsPacked bed absorption & Gas plant production separation. UNIT-V Chemical reactors: Mathematical formulation of reactor problems plug flow reactor and batch reactor, continuous stirred tank reactor-Using
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MATLAB to solve ordinary differential equations- Isothermal plug flow reactor, Non isothermal plug flow reactor- Using FEM LAB to solve ordinary differential equations- Isothermal plug flow reactor, Non isothermal plug flow reactor-Reactor problems with mole changes and variable density-Chemical reactors with mass transfer limitations- Continuous stirred tank reactors-Transient continuous stirred tank reactors. UNIT-VI Transport Processes in One Dimension: Applications in chemical engineeringMathematical formulations- Flow of a Newtonian fluid in a pipe- Flow of a non newtonian fluid in a pipe- Transient heat transferLinear adsorption. UNIT-VII Fluid flow in two and three dimensions: Mathematical foundation of fluid flow- Entry flow in a pipe-Entry flow of a non-newtonian fluid-flow in micro?uidic devices-Turbulent flow in a pipe-Start Up flow in a pipe-Flow through an ori?ce-Flow in a serpentine mixer-Boundary conditionsNondimensionalization. UNIT-VIII Convective diffusion equation in two and three dimensions: Convective diffusion equation-Nondimensional equations- Boundary conditions- Heat transfer in two dimensions-Heat conduction with a hole-Dispersion in micro?uidic devices- Concentration dependent viscosity- Viscous dissipation-Chemical reactor-Wall reactions-Mixing in a serpentine mixer. TEXT BOOK: 1. Introduction to Chemical Engineering Computing, B.A. Finlayson, John Wiley & Sons., Inc, 2006. REFERENCES BOOKS: 1. Applied Mathematical Methods for Chemical Engineers, Norman W. Loney, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis, 2007. 2. Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, Arvind Verma, M. Morbidelli, Oxford University Press, 1997. 3. Applied Mathematics in Chemical Engineering, Mickley, Harold S, Thomas K. Sherwood and Charles E. Reed, , Tata McGraw Hill, 2001. 4. Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, V. G. Jensen, G. V. Jeffreys 2nd Edition, Academic press, 1978.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective III MULTICOMPONENT DISTILLATION UNIT-I Introduction to distillation: Vapor liquid equilibrium (VLE)- K-Values and relative volatility-ideal and non-ideal systems-effect of temperature, pressure and composition on K-values and volatility-Phase diagrams-Calculations of bubble points and dew points- Azeotropes- Key fractionation conceptsTheoretical stages-x-y Diagrams- Key concepts of multicomponent distillation- Analyzing computer simulation results by graphical techniques. UNIT-II Column process design: Optimization- Shortcut calculations-Process design and optimization. Reflux and stages: shortcut methods. UNIT-III Rigorous Distillation Calculations: Basic concepts Rigorous computational methods-Basic classifications Thiele- Geddes method and its variations- Tridiagonal matrix method- Lewis method- B.P.methodComputations using computer programming. UNIT-IV Azeotropic and extraction distillation: Concepts- Configurations and case studies. UNIT-V Multicomponent single stage operations: Flash vaporization - Raleigh distillation and steam distillation. UNIT-VI Tray design and operations: The common tray types-Tray capacity limitsTray hydraulic parameters- Flow regimes on trays. UNIT-VII Tray column sizing & tray efficiency: Tray design and tray efficiency fundamentals- Predictions of tray efficiency.
174 UNIT-VIII
2010-2011
Packing design and operations: Packing types- Classifications-Packing objectives- Types of structured packings- Packing hydraulics- Comparing tray and packing-Sizing of packed column. Packing efficiency & predictions: The transfer unit concepts-The HETP concepts Factors affecting HETP HETP Predictions- Mass transfer models Rules of thumb Data interpolation. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Distillation Design, Henry Kister, McGraw-Hill, 1992. Distillation, Mathew Van Winkle, McGraw-Hill, 1967.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Fundamentals of Multicomponent Distillation, C. D. Holland, McGrawHill, 1997. Distillation Principles and Processes, Sydney Young, White Mule Press, 2011. Elements of Fractional Distillation, C.S. Robinson, E. R. Gilliland, 4th Edition, 1950. Distillation Design in Practice, L. M. Rose, Elsevier, 1985. Distillation Tray Fundamentals, M. J. Lockett, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective III OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES UNIT-I Introduction to optimization: Introduction-Design vector- Design constraints-Constraint surface- Objective function-Objective function surfaces-Classification of optimization problems-Optimization techniquesEngineering optimization literature-Solution of optimization problems using MATLAB. UNIT-II Classical optimization techniques: Single-Variable optimization, Multivariable optimization with no constraints-Multivariable optimization with equality constraints-Multivariable optimization with inequality constraints-Convex programming problem. UNIT-III Linear programming-I: Simplex method: Applications of linear programming-Standard form of a linear programming problem-Geometry of linear programming problemsDefinitions and theorems-Solution of a system of linear Simultaneous equations-Pivotal reduction of a general system of equations-Motivation of the simplex method-Simplex algorithm-Two phases of the simplex method-MATLAB solution of LP problems. UNIT-IV Linear programming -II: Additional topics and extensions: Revised simplex method-Duality in linear programming-Decomposition principle-Sensitivity or Postoptimality analysis-Transportation problem, Karmarkars interior method-Quadratic programming - MATLAB solutions. UNIT-V Nonlinear programming-I: One dimensional minimization methods: Elimination methods: Unrestricted search- Exhaustive search- Dichotomous search-Interval halving method-Fibonacci method-Golden section method-
176 Comparison of elimination methods.
2010-2011
Interpolation methods: Quadratic interpolation method-Cubic interpolation method-Direct root methods-Practical considerations-MATLAB solution of one-dimensional minimization problems. UNIT-VI Nonlinear programming-II: Unconstrained optimization techniques: Classification of unconstrained minimization methods- General approach- Rate of convergence- Scaling of design variables. Direct search methods: Random search methods- Grid search methodUnivariate method-Pattern directions- Powells method-Simplex method. Indirect search (descent) methods: Gradient of a function- Steepest descent (Cauchy) method- Conjugate gradient (FletcherReeves) methodNewtons method- Marquardt method- Quasi-Newton methods- Davidon FletcherPowell method- Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method- Test functions-MATLAB Solution of unconstrained optimization problems. UNIT-VII Nonlinear programming-III: Constrained optimization techniques: Characteristics of a constrained problem Direct methods: Random search methods-Complex method-Sequential linear programming-Basic approach in the methods of feasible directionsZoutendijks method of feasible directions-Rosens gradient projection method-Generalized reduced gradient method-Sequential quadratic programming. Indirect methods: Transformation techniques-Basic approach of the penalty function method-Interior penalty function method-Convex programming problem, Exterior penalty function method-Extrapolation techniques in the interior penalty function method-Augmented lagrange multiplier methodChecking the convergence of constrained optimization problems-Test problems-MAT LAB solution of constrained optimization problems. UNIT-VIII Geometric programming: Introduction-Polynomial-Unconstrained minimization problem-Solution of an unconstrained geometric programming
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program using differential calculus-Solution of an unconstrained geometric programming problem using arithmeticGeometric inequality. Dynamic programming: Multistage decision processes-Concept of suboptimization and principle of optimality-Computational procedure in dynamic programming-Example illustrating the calculus method of solution. Modern methods of optimization: Genetic algorithms. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Engineering Optimization: Theory and Practice, Singiresu S. Rao, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2009. Optimization for Engineering Design: Algorithms and Examples, Kalyanmoy Deb, PHI-2009
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. Optimization of Chemical Processes by T. F. Edgar and Himmelblau D, Mc-Graw. Hill.2001. Optimization Concepts and Applications in Engineering, Ashok Belegundu, Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla, Cambridge University Press, 2011. Practical Optimization: Algorithms and Engineering Applications, Andreas Antoniou, Wu-shing Lu, Springer, 2007.
3.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective IV NATURAL GAS PROCESSING UNIT-I Overview of natural gas Industry: Introduction- The world picture for natural gas- Natural Gas in India - Nonconventional gas reserves in IndiaSources of natural gas- Natural gas compositions ClassificationProcessing and principal products- Product specifications- Combustion characteristics. Overview of gas plant processing- Roles of gas plants Plant processes- Important support- Contractual agreements and economics. UNIT-II Field operations and inlet receiving: Introduction- Field operations- Gas hydrates Inlet receiving- Safety and environmental considerations. Compression: Introduction- Fundamentals- Thermodynamics of compression- Compressor types- Capacity and power calculationsComparison of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors - Safety and environmental considerations. UNIT-III Gas treating: Introduction- Solvent absorption processes- Physical absorption- Adsorption- Cryogenic fractionation- MembranesNonregenerable hydrogen Sulfide scavengers- Biological processes- Safety and environmental considerations. UNIT-IV Gas dehydration: Introduction- Water content of hydrocarbons- Gas dehydration processes - Safety and environmental considerations. UNIT-V Hydrocarbon recovery: Introduction- Process components- Recovery processes - Safety and environmental considerations. UNIT-VI Nitrogen rejection: Introduction- Nitrogen rejection for gas upgradingNitrogen rejection for enhanced oil recovery- Safety and environmental considerations.
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Trace component recovery or removal: Introduction-Helium-Mercury(BTEX) Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene. UNIT-VII Liquids processing: Introduction- Condensate processing- NGL processing- Safety and environmental considerations. Sulfur recovery: Introduction- Properties of sulfur- Sulfur recovery Sulfur storage- Safety and environmental considerations. Transportation and storage: Introduction-Gas Liquids. UNIT-VIII Liquefied Natural Gas: Introduction- Gas treating before liquefactionLiquefaction cycles- Storage of LNG- Transportation- Regasification and cold utilization of LNG- Economics - Plant efficiency - Safety and environmental considerations. TEXT BOOK: 1. Fundamental of Natural Gas Processing, Arthur J. Kidnay, William R. Parrish, Taylor and Francis, 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Natural Gas: A Basic Handbook, James G. Speight, Gulf Publishing Company, 2007. Gas Conditioning and Processing, John M. Campbell, Volume 2, 7th Edition, Campbell Petroleum Series, 1992. Gas Conditioning and Processing, Robert N. Maddox, Volume 3, 3rd Edition, Campbell Petroleum Series, 1982. Petroleum & Gas Field Processing, H. K. Abdel Aal, Mohamed Aggour and M. A. Fahim, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2003. Engineering Data Book 12th Edition (Electronic), FPS Version, Volume I & II, Gas Processers Suppliers Association (GPSA), 2005. Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing, Saeid Mokhatab, William A. Poe, James G. Speight, Gulf Professional Publishing, 2006. Surface Production Operations, Ken Arnold, Maurice Stewart, Volume 2, 2nd Edition, Elsevier Science, 1989. Field Handling of Natural Gas, J. Leecraft, 4th Edition, PETEX, 2007. Plant Processing of Natural Gas, Doug Elliot, J.C. Kuo, Pervouz Nasir, 2nd Edition, PETEX, 2012.
7. 8. 9.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective IV COAL BED METHANE ENGINEERING UNIT-I Introduction: Overview of coal bed methane (CBM) in India CBM vs conventional reservoirs. UNIT-II Geological influences on coat formation of coals Coal chemistry Significance of rank Cleat system and natural fracturing. UNIT-III Sorption: Principles of Adsorption-The Isotherm construction-CH retention 4 by coal seams-CH content determination in coal seams-The isotherm for 4 recovery prediction-Model of the micro-pores-coal sorption of other molecular species. UNIT-IV Reservoir Analysis: Coal as a reservoir-Permeability-Porosity-Gas flowReserve analysis-Well spacing and drainage area-Enhanced recovery. UNIT-V Well Construction: Drilling-Cementing. Formation Evaluations, Logging: Borehole environment-Tool measurement response in coal-wire line log evaluation of CBM wells-Gas-In-Place calculations-Recovery factor-Drainage area calculations-Coal permeability/ Cleating-Natural fracturing and stress orientation-Mechanical rock properties in CBM evaluation. UNIT-VI Completions: Open hole completions-Open hole cavitation process, Cased hole completions- Multi zone entry in cased hole. UNIT-VII Hydraulic fracturing of coal seams: Need for fracturing coals-Unique problems in fracturing coals-Types of fracturing fluids for coal-In situ conditions-Visual observation of fractures.
Petrochemical Engineering UNIT-VIII
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Water production and disposal: Water production rates from methane wells-Chemical content-Environmental regulations-Water disposal techniques-Economics of coal bed methane recovery. TEXT BOOKS: 1. 2. Coal Bed Methane: Principles and Practice, R. E. Rogers, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 1994. Coal Bed Methane, Robert A. Lamarre, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2008.
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. Fundamentals of Coal Bed Methane Reservoir Engineering, John Seidle, Pennwell Corp., 2011. Coal Bed Methane, Society of Petroleum, 1992. A Guide to Coal Bed Methane Operations, B. A. Hollub, Society of Petroleum, 1992.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. Elective IV PETROLEUM REFINING & PETOCHEMICAL BIO-TECHNOLOGY UNIT-I Overview of application of biotechnology in petroleum industry. UNIT-II Biocatalytic technologies Gasoline and diesel biodesulfurization The selective removal of sulfur, nitrogen and metals. UNIT-III Enzymatic catalysis on petroleum products Desulfurization of gaseous streams. UNIT-IV Prospects for biological upgrading of heavy oils and asphaltenes. UNIT-V Whole cell bioprocessing of aromatic compounds in crude oil and fuels. UNIT-VI Biocatalysis by methane mono oxygenase and its implication for petroleum industry. UNIT-VII Bio-corrosion and molecular tools in microbial corrosion. UNIT-VIII Biological treatment of polluted air emissions. Biotreatment of water pollutants from the petroleum industry. Future directions of applications of biotechnology Technology needs. TEXT BOOK: 1. Petroleum Biotechnology: Developments and Perspectives, Rafael Vazquez Duhalt, Rodolfo Quintero Ranuruz, Elsevier, 2004.
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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering II Sem. PROJECT WORK The project work may consist of any one of the following: a) The project work should consist of a comprehensive design project of one of the Petroleum Refinery Units/ a Petrochemical plant in the form of a report with the following chapters: Introduction Physical and chemical properties and uses Literature survey for different processes Selection of the process Material and energy balances Specific equipment design, ( Process as well as mechanical design with drawing), including computer programs wherever possible, of heat transfer equipments or separation equipments or reactors General equipment specifications Plant location and layout Materials of construction Health and safety factors Preliminary cost estimation Bibliography. Modeling & Simulation of any petroleum refining unit/petrochemical process. Any experimental work with physical interpretations.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. b) c)

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Petrochemical Engineering

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS COURSE STRUCTURE AND DETAILED SYLLABUS

PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING For

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Regular)

Academic Regulations 2010 for B. Tech. (Lateral Entry Scheme)

DISCIPLINARY ACTION FOR MALPRACTICES / IMPROPER CONDUCT IN EXAMINATIONS

If the candidate comes in a drunken condition to the examination hall.

2010-2011 I SEMESTER P Credits 3 3 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 1 29

2010-2011 I SEMESTER P Credits 4 4 4 4

Communication teamwork, problem solving, learning skills

Enhanced learnerparticipation, development of linguistic proficiency

Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be pr ovided]

child-marriage 4.Sudha Murthys write on what it is possible for women to achieve

Communication, teamwork, problem solving, adaptability, stress management, reliability, integrity

[Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be provided]

Development of linguistic proficiency, functional approach to problem solving

[Both Teachers Manual and Sample Test Questions will be provided]

Petrochemical Engineering TEXT BOOK: 1.

Petrochemical Engineering UNIT -VIII

Petrochemical Engineering CHEMISTRY LAB - 1 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

Exercise 4 a) Write a C program to calculate the following Sum:

Write a C program to find the roots of a quadratic equation.

50 b. c. Program which explains the use of dynamic arrays.

Petrochemical Engineering TEXT BOOK: 1.

Petrochemical Engineering of the polarizability - Ferro and Piezo electricity. UNIT-VII

Petrochemical Engineering CERAMICS

Petrochemical Engineering UNIT VIII

FOOD ANALYSIS: Determination Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids, pH,etc.

64 Srinivasulu . D. Parshva publications.

Petrochemical Engineering Debates

(a) Improper real integrals

Petrochemical Engineering UNIT-VIII

Petrochemical Engineering UNIT VII:

88 UNIT VI: Electrochemistry II:

REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Unit Operations, G.G. Brown, CBS Publishers, 1995.

10. 11. 12.

2010-2011 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

Petrochemical Engineering REFERENCE BOOKS: 1.

122 Unit VII

Petrochemical Engineering Heinemann, 1999. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 10.

Petrochemical Engineering REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2.

10. 11. 12. 13.

132 REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Petrochemical Engineering 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

Petrochemical Engineering UNIT VII

Petrochemical Engineering REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3.

Residue reduction: Thermal cracking and visbreaking Coking Cat

Petrochemical Engineering cracking and hydrocracking. UNIT-VI

Petrochemical Engineering UNIT -VII

158 REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

176 Comparison of elimination methods.

Petrochemical Engineering UNIT-VIII

7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. b) c)

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