5.

Production
5.1 Introduction to production:
Production activities in a garment industry has to flow through number of sections like fabric sourcing, fabric section, fabric inspection, cutting, sewing, finishing and packing. Let us discuss on the activities of each section.

5.2Fabric Sourcing:
The function of the Fabric sourcing is to source the fabric for the organization keeping price, quality and time as the key factors. The fabric to be sourced should be at the optimum price, with good quality and on time. The vendor base has to be created and monitored closely. The sourced fabric is to be inspected. The inspections of fabric will be done by the quality team in Fabric inspection. The sourcing department should take the report from Inspection, and any deviation in quality has to be highlighted to vendors to improve upon the quality. The fabric sourcing will coordinate with different departments like Marketing, Merchandising, Production, Quality, Accounts internally and with the vendors

5.3Fabric Section
The main function of the fabric section is to receive fabric, take accounting of the fabric, inspect the fabric, segregate the fabric and issue the fabric to cutting section. They need to keep the accounts of fabrics in stock against each purchase order number. They are also responsible for safe storing of the fabrics. 5.4

Fabric Inspection:

Fabric inspection in the garment industry can be defined as a visual examination or review of raw material. The principle involved in inspection is the early detection of defects and deciding whether fabric is cuttable or not. After fabric is received it should be inspected to determine its acceptability from quality point of view other wise extra cost in garment manufacturing may be incurred due to either the loss of the material or time.

Fabric inspection is usually done on fabric inspection machine and on tables. These machine are designed such a way that roll of fabric can be mounted behind the inspection table under adequate light and refold as it leave the table defect in a fabric can be seen effectively with these machine, as the inspection or checker has a good view of fabric and knowledge of defect. The machines are power driven, defects are located, marked, recorded on a inspection report.The distance from the machine should not be more than 3 feet. In the Garment industries usually 4 Point system for checking the quality of the fabric is used. The four points system is briefed below: The penalty points are assigned based on the length of the Defect
Length of the defects Up to 3" 3-6" 6-9" > 9" No of points 1 2 3 4

The maximum penalty points that can be assigned is 4 and hence the system gets its name.The fabric is checked using the above method and the penalty points are given and then the total points per 100 sq yd is calculated using the formula
No of points X 3600 Length in yards X width (inches)

If the Points per 100 Square yards is less than 40 for the fabric lot checked the fabric is considered as acceptable. However the standard of 40 varies from customer to customer and from fabric to fabric. Points to remember during Inspection: The width of the roll should be measured at least 3 times and recorded. Fabric length of the roll to be checked and compared against length declared by the supplier. Incase of pieces folding length to be checked for pinning shortage. For every lot/every fabric order 6 length in full width to be cut and should be kept for comparing shade variations during the inspection. The inspection results should be filled in the inspection reports. Piece contains more than one splice should not be accepted. The width over " less than the minimum contract width should not accepted. Fabric with a noticeable difference of waviness should not be accepted. Piece that exhibits noticeable difference of shade variation from center to selvedge or selvedge-to-selvedge variation should not be accepted. Bowing more than below mentioned percent is not accepted.