Gautam Buddha University School of Engineering Course Code - ME201 Course Name - Material Science L-T-P: 2-0-0 Credits:

2 Introduction Materials science (and engineering), MSE, is arguably the most important engineering discipline. Materials have always been important to the advance of civilization: entire eras are named after them. After evolving from the Stone Age through the Bronze and Iron Ages, now in the modern era we have vast numbers of tailored materials to make use of. We are really living in the Materials Age. The field of Materials Science deals with all classes of materials from a unified viewpoint and with an emphasis on the connections between the underlying structure and the processing, properties, and performance of the material. A materials scientist studies how materials react/behave when subjected to different conditions (such as mechanical loads, temperature and pressure) and understands that all materials can be approached from a common set of principles. Most fields in science and engineering are concerned in some way or other with materials, but only the field of materials science and engineering focuses directly on them. Today we demand more from our materials than mechanical strength, of course--electrical, optical, and magnetic properties, for example, are crucial for many applications. As a result, modern materials science focuses on ceramics, polymers, and semiconductors, as well as on materials, such as metals and glasses, that have a long history of use. The future will bring ever increasing challenges and opportunities for new materials and better processing. Materials are evolving faster today than at any time in history. New emerging classes of materials include biomaterials, photonic materials, smart materials, high temperatures materials, etc. New and improved materials are an "underpinning technology" - one which can stimulate innovation and product improvement. Thus the emerging branches of materials science include nanotechnology, bio materials science, etc. It is well understood that many applications are limited by the operating constraints imposed by the properties or behavior of the materials available. Higher quality products result from improved processing and more emphasis will be placed on reclaiming and recycling. For these many reasons, most surveys name the materials field as one of the careers with excellent future opportunities. Objectives At the end of the course the student will have an understanding of mechanics, physical and chemical properties of materials including metals, ceramics, polymers and composites and the reasons for these properties to exist. The purpose of this course is to provide a tool for better understanding of the basics about materials and their structure, different classes of materials, relation between structure and many engineering properties, their performance in different environments, and economical and environmental aspects materials usage in daily life of the world. The course objectives, thus, include: Classes of materials and their structures Imperfections in materials, limitations of material applications as a consequence Processing of materials Engineering properties of materials Economic and environmental considerations in usage of materials

Unit 1 Introduction Historical perspective of Materials Science. Why study properties of materials? Classification of materials: Advanced Materials Future materials Modern Materials. Unit 2 Atomic Structure, Interatomic Bonding and Structure of Crystalline Solids Atomic structure. Atomic bonding in solids, Crystal structures, Crystalline and noncrystalline, materials. Miller indices. Anisotropic elasticity. Elastic behavior of composites. Structure and properties of polymers. Unit 3 Imperfections in Solids Point defects. Theoretical yield point. Line defects and dislocations. Interfacial defects. Bulk or volume defects. Atomic vibrations. Unit 4 Dislocations and Strengthening Mechanisms, Precipitation reactions & hardening Dislocation and plastic deformation. Mechanisms of strengthening in metals. Recovery, recrystallization and grain growth, Precipitation reactions and strengthening Unit 5 Diffusion Diffusion mechanisms. Steady and non-steady state diffusion. Factors that influence diffusion. Non-equilibrium transformation and microstructure. Unit 6 Mechanical Properties of Metals Elastic deformation. Plastic deformation. Interpretation of tensile stress-strain curves Yielding under multiaxial stress. Yield criteria and macroscopic aspects of plastic deformation. Property variability and design factors Unit 7 Phase Diagrams Equilibrium phase diagrams. Kinetics of nucleation and growth. The iron-carbon system. Phase transformations. Transformation rate effects and TTT diagrams. Microstructure and property changes in iron-carbon system, Heat treatment Unit 8 Failure Fracture. Ductile and brittle fracture. Fracture mechanics. Impact fracture. Ductile brittle transition. Fatigue. Crack initiation and propagation. Crack propagation rate. Creep. Generalized creep behavior. Stress and temperature effects. Unit 9 Composites Particle reinforced composites. Fiber reinforced composites. Structural composites Unit 10 Corrosion and Degradation of Materials Corrosion of metals. Corrosion of ceramics. Degradation of polymers Lecture Plan

Module 1) Introduction

Learning Units Historic perspective and Materials Science, Why study properties of materials. Classification of materials, Advanced materials, Future materials and Modern materials. Atomic Structure and atomic bonding in solids Crystal structures, Crystalline and noncrystalline materials Miller indices, Anisotropic elasticity and elastic behavior of composites Structure and properties of polymers Point defects, theoretical yield point, line defects and dislocations. Interfacial defects, bulk or volume defects and atomic vibrations Dislocation and plastic deformation and mechanisms of strengthening in metals Recovery, recrystallization and grain growth Particle strengthening by precipitation and precipitation reactions, precipitation hardening Diffusion Mechanisms. Steady state and non-steady state diffusion Factors that influence diffusion. Non-equilibrium transformation and microstructure. Elastic deformation and plastic deformation. Interpretation of tensile stress-strain curves Yielding under multi axial stress, Yield criteria and macroscopic aspects of plastic deformation and property variability and design factors Equilibrium phase diagrams, Kinetics of nucleation and growth The iron-carbon system, phase transformations Transformation rate effects and TTT diagrams, Microstructure and property changes in iron-carbon system, Heat treatment Heat treatment Fracture, ductile and brittle fracture Fracture mechanics Impact fracture, ductile brittle transition Fatigue, crack initiation and propagation,crack propagation rate Creep, generalized creep behavior, stress and temperature effects 1. Particle reinforced composites, fiber reinforced composites, structural composites 2. Corrosion of metals, Corrosion of ceramics, Degradation of polymers Total

Hours per topic 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1

Total Hours 2

3) Atomic Structure,
Interatomic Bonding and Structure of Crystalline Solids

4) Imperfections Solids

in

5) Dislocations and
Strengthening Mechanisms, Precipitation reactions & Hardening 8) Diffusion

4 2

1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 30 7

6) Mechanical Properties of Metals

7) Phase Diagrams

8) Failure

9) Composites 10) Corrosion and Degradation of Materials

Textbooks/Reference Books 1 James F. Shackelford, Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers,

7th Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall (2009) 2 Wiley (2007) 3 4 Sons. 5 6 7 Publication.. 8 9 R. W. Cahn and P. Haasen, Physical Metallurgy, North Holland (1996) G. Rohrer, Structure and Bonding in Crystalline Materials, Cambridge V. Raghvan, Material Science, Prentice Hall. Narula, Material Science, TMH. Srivastava, Srinivasan, Science of Materials Engineering, NewAge K.M.Gupta, Materials Science, Umesh Publication. Van Vlash, Elements of Material Science & Engineering John Wiley & W. D. Callister, Fundamentls of Materials Science and Engineering,

University Press (2001) 10 2003 Elton N. Kaufmann Characterization of Materials, 2nd Volume Set Wiley

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