Indian Standard COLOURS FOR READY MIXED PAINTS AND ENAMELS (Sixth Revision)

ICS 25.220.50: 87.040

BIS 2007

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

May 2007

Paints, Varnishes and Related Products Sectional Committee, C H D 20

FOREWORD This Indian Standard (Sixth Revision) was adopted by the Bureau o f Indian Standards, after tlie draft finalized by the Paints, Varnishes and Related Products Sectional Committee had been approved by tlie Chemical Division Council. This standard was tirst published in 1949 and since then it has been revised five times i n 1955, 1961 (and also reprinted in 1969), 1978 (also reprinted in 1984), 1994 and 2004. Considering the likeliliood of variation i n the instrumental values with the earlier version, the Committee decided that new version o f IS 5 shall be sixth revision and to print fresh instrumental values in this version. Tlie approximate 'Munsell'values in terms ofhue, lightness value graduation (value) and chroma are given in Table I . Tlie colourimetric values i n terms o f trichromatic system are also given in Tnble I . A n explanation o f the 'Munsell' system of colour references and glossary of colcur terms i s given in Annex A. The definition 'L', 'a' and 'b' - three di~nensionso f U n i f o r ~ n CIE colour space have been given in Annex A. 'L' stands for lightness, 'a' denotes rednesslgreenness and 'b' indicates yellowness/ blueness. The composition o f the Committee responsible for the formulation o f this standard i s given in Annex B. I n the preparation o f this revised standard substantial assistance was provided i n the measurement and checking o f colour values by MIS Jay Instruments and Syste~ns Ltd, Mu~nbai Pvt andactive collaboration ofthe panel ofreferees colnprising ofexperls from National Test House, Kolkata; M/s Berger Paints India Ltd, Kolkata; M I SShalimar Paints Ltd, Kolkata; Mis Asian h i n t s Ltd, Munibai and MISKansai Nerolac Paints Ltd, Mumbai in matching o f colour shades, which are thankfully acknowledged.

Indian Standard
COLOURS FOR READY MIXED PAINTS AND ENAMELS
(Sixth Revision)
1 SCOPE

This standard covers 104 colours for ready mixed paints and enamels grouped under Blue; Green; Yellow, Cream and Buff;Brown and Pink; Red and Orange; Grey; and Violet.
2 TERMINOLOGY

For the purpose ofthis standard, the definitions ofcolour termsgiven in Annex A of this standard shall apply.
3 NUMBERING SYSTEM 3.1 Three digit numbers have been given to the colours, of which the first digit indicates the group of colours according to the seven broad colour divisions mentioned in 1, each group having a range of numbers allotted, namely:

Blue Green Yellow, Cream and Buff Brown and Pink Red and Orange Grey Violet

......... .........
.........

......... ......... ......... .........

100-199 200-299 300-399 400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799

3.1.1 Whenever new colours are required to be added in the above ranges, these will be assigned numbers which do not overlap the existing numbers.
4 'MUNSELL' REFERENCES AND COLOURIMETRIC VALUES

Approximate 'Munsell' references for each colour are given in Table I quoted by the respective reference number. The Indian Standard Colour(1SC) number shall always be used for identifying a colour, and 'Munsell' references are given for guidance and as an aid in comparing individual properties in terms

ofhue, value and chroma. The colourimetric values (chromaticity co-ordinates and luminance factor) expressed in ternis of the trichromatic system for colourimetry, which constitute a permanent record of the standard colours obtained from spectrophotometric measurements are also given in Table I for guidance. The 'Munsell'system ofcolours is briefly explained in Annex A.

ANNEX A (Foreword, C1uuse.s 2 und 4)

GLOSSARY O F COLOUR TERMSAND T H E 'MUNSELL'SYSTEM A-l DEFINITIONS A-1.1 Achromatic Sensationshue. Visual sensations devoid ofthe attribute of

A-1.2 Additive Mixture-The mixture of light stimuli in such a manner that they enter the eye simultaneously or in rapid succession and are incident on the same area of the retina, or enter in the form of a mosaic which the eye cannot resolve. A-1.3 Black A-1.3.1 A visual sensation arising from some portion o f a luminous field of extremely low luminosity. A-1.3.2 As defined in A-1.3.1, but applied to a secondary source which is completely absorbing at all visible wavelengths.
NOTE - The amms 'white' and 'black' are not ol,\,nys used is the slrict sense delined above. 11 is usual to apply them to grc)s and ncutrnlr. the luminance Factor ol' which is lnearly unity or nearly zero rrspeclively.

A-1.4 BlacL Content - The subjectively estimated amount of blackness seen in the visual sensation arising from a surface colour. A-1.5 Brightness - That colour quality, a decrease in which is associated with the residual degradation which would result from the addition of a small quantity of neutral grey to the colouring material when the strength of the mixture has been readjusted to the original strength (comparison biighter). A-1.6 Colour A-1.6.1 That characteristic of visual sensation which enables the observer to distinguish differences in the quality of the sensation of the kind which can be

caused by differences in the spectral composition of the light. A-1.6.2 That characteristic ofthe light stimulus, light source or object, which gives rise to the visual sensation in a red light, a white light, a red face, etc. A-1.6.3As defined in A-1.6.1 or A-1.6.2, but restricted to the appearance o f redness, greenness, etc, or as distinct from whiteness, greyness or blackness; that is, chromatic colour in contra-distinctionto achromatic colour. A-1.7 Complementary Colours A-1.7.1 Additive- Any two colours which, by additive mixture, can be made to match a specified achromatic colour. A-1.7.2 Subtractive-Any two absorbing media which, by subhactive mixture, can be made to match specified achromatic colour. A-1.8 Colour Content -The subjectively estimated amount ofcolourfUlness seen in the visual sensation arising from a surface colour. Similar to chroma. A-1.9 Cleaner - A difference apparently due to the presence o f less black than in the original sample. A-1.10 Cool Colours predominance of these.

- Green or blue, or colours which exhibit a

A-1.11 Chromatic Sensations -Visual sensations possessing the attribute of hue. A-1.12 Dichroism - A phenomenon in which a secondary source shows a marked change in hue with change in the observing conditions. Instances are: (a) change in colour temperature ofthe illuminant. (b) change in concentration of an absorbing material, (c) change in thickness o f an absorbing layer, (d) change in direction of illumination or viewing, and (e) change in condition of polarization. A-1.13 Dullness That colour quality, an increase in which is associated with the residual degradation which would result from the additionof asmall quantity ofneutral grey to the colouringmaterialwhen the strengthofthemixture has been readjusted to the original strength (comparison duller). A-1.14 Deeper -A difference apparently due to the presence o f less white than in the original sample. A-1.15 DirtierIDullcr-Adifference black than in the original sample. apparently due to the presence of more

A-1.16 Full Colour- Surface colours which are produced with the maximum colourfulness obtainable.

A-1.17 Grey A-1.17.1 Any achrolnatic sensation o f lt~~ninosity intermediate between black and white. A-1.17.2 As defined in A-1.17.1, but applied to a secondary source which is partially absorbingat someor all visible wavelengths but from which the reflected or transmitted light has the same colour as that o f the incident light. A-1.18 H u e - Attribute o f visual sensation which has given rise to colour names, such as, blue, green, yellow, red and purple. A-1.19 L i g h t - Radiant power (energy flux) capable o f stimulating the eye to produce visual sensation. A-1.20 M i n u s Colours -- Colours in which only the spectral components associated with the colour named arc not present to any substantial extent, for example, minus red. The estimated pure chromatic colour content A-1.21 'Munsell' C h r o m a o f a surface colour on a scale o f equal sensation intervals extending from o grey (Cliroma = 0), as specified objectively by tlie sa~nple f tlie 'Munsell' Atlas (sec Note ). NOTE --The 'Mansell' Systcln presents l l i e closcsl ;~llempt reprusrnting the colour at solid of surfhce culours by samples, spaced at c q a i ~sensntion inlervals and, tllercfore. l l l e l closcsl correlr,lion will) tile subjrclivr variahlc. which arc chroma, li&hlness(called volue)
and l ~ u c .

A-1.22 'Munsell' Value -The estilnated lightness o f any surface colour on a scale o f I 0 equal sensation intervals extending from ideal black (value = 0) to ideal white (value = lo), as specified objectively for values from I to 9 in the 'Munsell' Atlas (see Note under A-1.21). A-1.23 'Mensell' Hue --The hue o f a surface colouron a scale o f 100 equal sensation intervals round a colour circle o f constant chroma, a specified objectively by the samples o f tlie 'Munsell' Atlas (see Note under A-1.21). A-1.24 Masstone - The colour by reflected light o f a bulk o f undiluted pigment. A-1.25 N e u t r a l Grey- Applied to a secondary source which is equally absorbing at all visible wavelengths. A-1.26 P r i m a r y L i g h t Source - A body or objcct emitting light b y virtue o f transfortnation o f energy into radiant energy within itself. A-1.27 Sliade-Acolour ofthesame hue and saturation but lower luminosity.

A-1.28 Shadow Series A-1.28.1 S~ihjecfive series of colours of varying luminosity but constant -A

hue and saturation.

A-1.28.2 Objeclive - A series of colours of varying luminance but constant

chromaticity.
A-1.29 Strength - That colour quality, an increase in which is associated with an increase in the concentration of the colouring material present, all other conditions (viewing, etc) remaining the same (comparisons stronger, weaker). A-1.30 Stronger - A difference apparently due to the presence of more colour than in the original sample. A-1.31 Subtractive Mixture The mixture of absorbing media or the superposition of filters so that the co~npositionof the light stimulus passing through the combination is determined by the simultaneous or successive absorption of pans of the spectrum by each medium present. A-1.32 Secondary Light Source-A

body or object transmittingor reflecting light falling on it from any other source, whether primary or secondary.

A-1.33 Tint - The weak colour resulting from the addition to white of a small amount o f colouring matter. A-1.34 Tings - A

trace of added colour.

A-1.35 Tone -A slight variant o f a colour. A-1.36 Undertone - The colour of a pigment when it is used in very thin layers or greatly extended with white, the hue ofwhich may oRen differ from that of the masstone. A-1.37 Warm Colour- Red, orange or yellow, or colours which exhibit a predominance of these. A-1.38 Weaker -A difference apparently due to the presence of less colour than in the original sample. A-1.39 White A-1.39.1 An achromatic sensation of relatively high luminosity. A-1.39.2As detined in A-1.39.1, but applied to a secondarysource which is

non-absorbing at all visible wavelengths. A-1.40 White Content - The subjectively estimated amount o f whiteness seen in the visual sensation arising from a surface colour.

A-1.41 Whiter-A difference apparently due to the presence of more white than in the original sample. A-2 T H E 'MUNSELL'SYSTEM A-2.1 In the 'Munsell' system, the colours are specified in terms ofhue, value and chroma. A-2.1.1 Hue It distinguishes red from blue, green from yellow, etc and is denoted by letter (for example, R for red, BG for blue-green) with prefix numbers, namely, 2.5,7.5, or 10. If, for example, the R (red) number is greater than 5, the colour inclines, to the yellow-red (YR), and ifthe R number is less than 5, the colour inclines to red-purple (RP), and so on round the hue circle. A-2.1.2 Vulue- It is related to lightness or darkness o f a colourand is quoted as ranging fiom 0 to 10; the low figures represent the darker coloun and finally black (O), the high figures represent the light colours and finally white (1 0). A rough estimate of the reflectance as n percentage is given by the formula V(V-I), where V is the 'value'. Thus, colours of similar values have similar reflectance. A-2.1.3 Chroma-Attribute of a visual sensation which permits ajudgement to be made in the amount of pure chromatic colour present, irrespective of the amount o f a chromatic colour.

It is strength ofcolour and is based on a scale from neutral grey (-10) towards full strength at any given 'value' level. Steps are denoted numerically at even intervals.
A-2.1.4 Chromoticity Coordinates - Ratio of each of the three tristimulus values to their sum. it indicates the colour quality of the sample and recommended symbols are x, y and z in the CIE 1931 standard Colourimetric System and xlO, ylO and 210 in the CIE 1964 Supplementary Colourimetric System.

y10= 210 =

YIO X10+Y1O+Z10 ZIO XIO+YIO+ZIO

X, Y and Z are the tristimulus values in the CIE I93 1 Standard Colourimetric System and X10, Y 10 andZ10 in the CIE 1964 Supplementary Colourimetric
System. x + y + z = I andx10+y10+z10= 1 llluminant D65-Averagenorth
' , ' ? ' .

sky daylight with colour temperature 6 500 K.

L , a , b , - Three dimensions of uniform CIE colour space, '' stands for L lightness, 'a' denotes rednesslgreenness and 'b' indicatesyellownesshlueness. 10 degree observer -Standard C1E observer recommended wherever colour matching conditions exceeds 4 Deg. Field of view. of the three reference or matching stimuli required to give a match with the colour stimulus considered, in a given trichromatic system. The symbols recommended for the histimulus values are X, Y and Z in the CIE 1931 Standard Colourimetric System and X10, Y I0 and ZIO in the CIE 1964 Standard Colourimetric System. A-2.1.6 Luminance Value - The emission by matter of electromagnetic radiation which for certain wavelengths or restricted regions of the specrmm is in excess ofthat due to the thermal radiation from the material at the same temperature is defined as Luminance. The ratio of the luminance of a body while illuminated and observed under certain conditions to that of perfect defuser under the same conditions.
A-2.1.5 Tristimulus Value -Amounts

A-2.1.7Mefhon'ofDererminaf~onbnofChromafihi Coorali?afes- The value of reflectance is measured for the sample over a circular area of 8 mm in dia over a wavelength range of360 to 740 nm at I0 ~n interval. The "Minolta CM 3220 D" colour matching system is used for determining the reflectance values. A-2.2 A complete 'Munsell' reference for a colour, for example, 7.5 R, 9/2 means:
a) Hue of 7.5 R denoting a red inclined towards yellow-red, b) Value 9 denoting a very light colour, and c) Chroma 2 indicating that the strength of the colour is low. A broad description ofthe colour would, therefore, be 'pale-pink'. A-2.3 It should he noted, however, that neutral greys, having no hue or chroma, are denoted by the value figure prefixed by 'N', for example, 'N6'or 'N8' A-2.4 In the design ofthe colour range 'Munsell' references provide the means of defining the various categories of colour required.

Table 1 Approximate 'Munsell' References and Colourimetric Values (Foreword and Clause 4)
S Indian I No. Standard Colour (ISC) No. (2) 101 102 103 104 I05 106 108 166 169 174 NamcofColour Shade Chromaticity Coordinntes
Approximate Muusell Value

1.uminanreValue

+-X

llue

Value/ Chroma

Sky Blue Turquoise Blue Peacock Blue Azure Blue Oxford Rlue
Navy Blue Aircran Blue French Blue Traflic Blue Oriental Blue Phirozi Satin Blue Eau-dc-Nil Sea Green Grass Grecn Sage Green Olive Grecn Biillianl Grecn Light Bronze Grcen Middle Bronze Green Green Dcep Bron~c Light Brunswick Green Middle Brunswick Grcen Dcep Brunswick Green Traffic Green Opaline Green Lincoln Grecn Cypress Grcen Light Olive Green Steel Furniture Groen

Table 1 - Continued
p ~ ~

SI No.

Indian Name of Colour SlanShade dard Colour (ISC)

Chromaticity Coordinates

*-X
Y lluc Vnluel Chromn

Approximnte hlunsell Vnlue

Luminance Vnlue

No.

284 294 298 299 309 352 353 354 355 356 358 359 360 361 362 363

Green India Green Scamic Olive Drab BUS Green Canary Yellow I'aic Cream Deep Crcam Primrose Lemon Golden Yellow Light Buff Middlc Buff Deeo Buff ~ l g iStone t MiddleStone Dark Sfone Portland Stone Vellum Traflic Yellow I.iglr Straw Liglll Biscuit C!lampagne Sullsllinc Ueigc Jasmine Yellotv Liglll Brown Middle Brown Dark Rrown Nut Brown Gulden Drown India Brown 0.423 0.3894 0.4176 0.4119 0.3627 0.3553 0.4928 01702 0.3866 0.3847 03735 0.3771 0.4177 0.4184 0.4018 0.3646 0.3425 0.4413 0.3954 0.3871 72YR . 0.3836 IO.0YR 0.3933 90YR 0.3865 84YR 0.3807 0.3721 0.3998 0.381 1 0.395 0.3839 0.3822 0.3783 0.4305 0.384 0.3678 0.3426 0.3412 0.38 0.3565 5.71543 6,761426 5.3514.84 5.114.4 57.63 68.27 54.19 51.75
~

15.37 ~. 8.37 11.64 11.62

~~

2915 26.15 28.41 24.96

Orange Brown 0.4272 0.3512 Light Salmon Pink 0.3939 0.3799

BLUE 100-

No. 102 Turquoise Blue

No. 166 French Blue

No 169 Trafflc Blue

L 1

YELLOW, CREAM AND BUFF 300-

ma
No 330 Traflc Yellow No. 360 Deep Buff
NO 361 Llght Stone NO 362 Mlddle Stone

.
No 363 Dark Stone No 387 Sunsh~ne

NO. 356 Golden Yellow

1
NO.397 Jasmlne Yellow

BROWN AND PINK 400 -

No. 449 Light Purple Brown

RED AND ORANGE 500 -

I
No. 538 Fire Red

No. 557 Lloht C

NO.537 Sianal Red

No. 570 Traffic Red

No. 574 India Saffmn

NO.541 Mamon

NO.592 International Orange

ANNEX B
(Fore word)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION Paints, Varnishes and Related Products Sectional Committee, CllD 20
Orgonirofionr In personal capacily, ( I 4 Orion. Oomer Park Ilhalobbrri Ursai Root/. hlumboi 400026) Akzo N o k I Coalitlgs India Pvl Lld, Uangalorc Asian Painls Lid. Munlbai Berger Paints India Lld. Ilowrah Bharal Ilruvy Elcclricals lid. Tiruchirapalli Central Building Icesearch Inslitule, Roorkce Central Public Works Drpartmenl, New Dellli Clarianl Chemicals (India) I.ld, New I)cllii Consumer Unity X TU~SISociely (CUTS). Jaipur Directorate of Naval Architecture. New I)clhi Engineers India l.imilcd, New Dcllii Represenlalive($ Sltul RAVI MARPHATIA (Clooi~man) Sllul DEEPAK VERMA I)n K. I). KHANOI.KAR I)R I? .IK (,lllernule) H. MAI SHKI U. UERA Sllnl N. K. Riw(Al1ernole) SIIRI M . SOMU SIIKI I.. UKAGORI (Allemole) Un L. K. AGARWAL UIL K. K. ASTIIANA (Allcmfiaru) Sltul V ~ J AMOTWANI Y Sllnl R. K. KANOJIA(Allentule) SIIRI ASITRAY Sltnl I<. K. SIIARMA Stal VIJAY S G ( A I l ~ r n o l ~ ) NI I REI'RESENTATIVE DK G SAHA SMTNIVBDITABIIATTACHARVA (Altcnmre) D K. V. S. N. RAIU m Dn A. S. KIIANNA DR M . B.GA U I SR II M. NATU(Allernale) SIIKI S. V. PORWAL SR A. V GAWIL (Allernare) II SIK E. 1. ANTO SIIRI '1'. K. UANERIEE D K A K. MIIKIIOI~ADIIVAY Slllll V. N. SOHANI (Allernale) SIIKI 1' K. JAIN SIIIII N. C.'I.IWARI (ANrrnole) DK SI!KIL KUMAK SAHA S M IL. UEVSAKKAK (Allc~rnul~) SIIKI U I I I I ~ ~ O K A KUMAR Sllnl V R. MOREALIY~ ( I. I) Sllnt A. I(. JAIN

Iudiaa ltislitule o f Chetnical Technology, l lydcrabad Indian lnslitule ofTechnology Bombay, Munlbai Irtdian l'ainls Associalion. Kolkala Kanrai Nerolac Paints Lld. Mumbai Kerala Minerals and Melals Ud. Kolkala Maruti lidyog l.ld. (iurgaon Ministry o f I)cLncc (I)(iQA). Kanpur Ministry o f Industry, New Ucllii Nalional Test Ilouse (ER). Kolkala Naval Maarials Kcsr;sch Luboralory. Amkrnath Otfice o f lhc l)evelnprnenl Con,missioocr (SSI). New Dulhi

Oil and N;tlaral Gar Corporation Lld. Mumb;ti I'aint and Conlilig Tecbtiologisls Association, Kanpor 111personal csp;eily (I03 hi~.l,rkluAparl,~,nenl O,,, L)<III~ til,~d;r ilforg, Mubd (li'rsl) Mzroiboi 40006.1) PutGah Paint Colour and Wirnish Works. Kmpar Reliance Industries Lld. Mumbai I<escarcliDmigns & Slandards Orga~iizalion.

REPKESENTA~VE DK I)EVENDM ACAKWAL SIIRI V N. D U ~ E(A11ernole) Y SK S. S. ANAKAIKAR II

SR ti. N.'~IWAKI II
~II'KES11NTATIVE

1.ocknolv
Resins 8; Plastics Linlitcd. Mumbai SCiS India Pvt I.ld. Gurgaon Sholimar Paints Ltd. Kolkata Shriro~n Instilulc Ibr Industrial Rcscarcb. Dclhi Tala Molon Li~nitcd. Ja~nshcdpur ' b e Shipping Corporatinti of India Lid, Mumbli U. I(.Paints laduslries, New Dclhi BlS Directoratc General

S~IKIH. K. MITRA Sltnt S. C. VERMA (Allernolr) SIIKI M . C. CHOKSI SIIKI SLIDAKSIIAN SIIARMA SHKIDIPJYOTI DANERJEE (Allern~lle) DK S. I(.MISRA Sllnl A. K. Da (Al~crnole) UK P. K. KAICKEK Sllnl A. I .MAJUMDAK ; (ANrrnole)
~~EPRESENTATIVE

Sttnl R. SOOD SK P V. SANDEEP II (AIIPI~LII~) SIIRI V K. NAYYAR SIIKI E. DEVENDAR, Scie~~lisl-l: & Head (Cbe~i~ical) [Representing Direclor General (FJ-oJ;cio)] Member Secrrrary Sitnl PAKTIIA S. MANUAL Scieiilist-B (Clic~nical). HIS

Panel for Visual Examination of Shade Cards for Printing ofIS 5 CHD20: PI
Nalionnl Test Ilouse (ER), Kolkala ~ an Iatlils . ~ ' 'i Ltd. Mumboi llerger I'oislr India Lld. Iluwrnh ~ ; i l l s aNcrolnc I'aints Ltd. Mumbai i Shi!limar Paints Ltd, Kolkntn DK SUNIL KUMARSAHA (Convmer) SMTR. DEYSARKAR (Allernore)

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