Chapter 12 (Reactive Process)

Recycle Product Separation Purge

Ariziel Ruth D. Marquez

RECYCLE AND PRODUCT SEPARATION

Recycling involves returning material (or energy) that leaves a process back to the process for further processing
Recycle stream is a term denoting a process stream that returns material from downstream of a process unit back the process unit ( or to a unit upstream of the unit) Recycling processes are operating in the steady state.

RECYCLE AND PRODUCT SEPARATION

No build up or depletion of material takes place inside the process or in the recycle stream. Reasons for using Recycle in a chemical process:
Recovery of catalyst Dilution of a process stream Control of a process variable Circulation of a working fluid

RECYCLE AND PRODUCT SEPARATION

Product Separation is any unit operation used to separate, recover or purify the desired product.
Distillation Process Condensation Process (Cooler) Extraction Process Filtration Process

RECYCLE DIAGRAM
F the fresh feed M the mixed feed O the output stream from the reactor P the final product R the recycle stream

RECYCLE DIAGRAM

Converter

Separator

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES FOR THE MATERIAL BALANCES

About the entire process including the recycle stream
These balances contain no information about the recycle stream.

About the junction point at which the fresh feed is combined with the recycle stream. About the process only (reactor). About the separator In addition, balances can be made about combination of subsystems.
These balances contain no information about the recycle stream.

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES FOR THE MATERIAL BALANCES

Reactor

Separator

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES FOR THE MATERIAL BALANCES

F M Reactor R Separator

Mixing point the % composition of the entering and exit streams are different

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES FOR THE MATERIAL BALANCES

Reactor

Separator

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES FOR THE MATERIAL BALANCES

Converter

Separator

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES FOR THE MATERIAL BALANCES

Reactor

Separator

REACTANT CONVERSION
Single-pass conversion

f pass

ninput _ to _ reactor noutput _ from _ reactor ninput _ to _ reactor ninput _ to _ system noutput _ from _ system ninput _ to _ system

Overall conversion

f OA

PURGE
A stream bled off to remove an accumulation of inerts and unwanted material that might otherwise build up in the recycle stream Additional streams
S exit from separator G purge stream

PURGE DIAGRAM

w/o PURGE

A + 2B 2AB fA = 50%

7.5 mole 5 mole A A

10 mole A 15 mole B 5 mole Inert

10 mole 15 mole AA
20 mole B 15 mole B 10mole Inert 5 mole Inert

15 10 mole AB

5 mole B 15 10 mole AB 10 mole Inert 5 mole Inert

5 mole A 7.5 moleA

5 mole B mole B
10mole Inert 5 mole Inert

PURGE DIAGRAM

A + 2B 2AB fA = 50%

5 mole A

7 mole A 12 mole B 2 mole Inert

10 mole A

10 mole AB
5 mole A 5 mole B 5 mole Inert

5 mole B 10 mole AB 5 mole Inert

15 mole B 5 mole Inert

3 mole A 3 mole B 3 mole Inert

2 mole A 2 mole B 2 mole Inert

PURGE DIAGRAM (additional balances)

A + 2B 2AB fA = 50%

5 mole A

7 mole A 12 mole B 2 mole Inert

10 mole A

10 mole AB
5 mole A 5 mole B 5 mole Inert

5 mole B 10 mole AB 5 mole Inert

15 mole B 5 mole Inert

3 mole A 3 mole B 3 mole Inert

2 mole A

amount of inert fed = amount of inert purged

Splitting point the % composition of the entering and exit streams are the same

2 mole B 2 mole Inert

RECYCLE AND PURGE

Ex 12./