ACS712 Datasheet

ACS712
Fully Integrated, Hall Effect-Based Linear Current Sensor IC with 2.1 kVRMS Isolation and a Low-Resistance Current Conductor
Features and Benefits
Low-noise analog signal path Device bandwidth is set via the new FILTER pin 5 s output rise time in response to step input current 80 kHz bandwidth Total output error 1.5% at TA = 25C Small footprint, low-profile SOIC8 package 1.2 m internal conductor resistance 2.1 kVRMS minimum isolation voltage from pins 1-4 to pins 5-8 5.0 V, single supply operation 66 to 185 mV/A output sensitivity Output voltage proportional to AC or DC currents Factory-trimmed for accuracy Extremely stable output offset voltage Nearly zero magnetic hysteresis Ratiometric output from supply voltage
Description
The Allegro ACS712 provides economical and precise solutions for AC or DC current sensing in industrial, commercial, and communications systems. The device package allows for easy implementation by the customer. Typical applications include motor control, load detection and management, switchmode power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection. The device is not intended for automotive applications. The device consists of a precise, low-offset, linear Hall circuit with a copper conduction path located near the surface of the die. Applied current flowing through this copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which the Hall IC converts into a proportional voltage. Device accuracy is optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low-offset, chopper-stabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy after packaging. The output of the device has a positive slope (>VIOUT(Q)) when an increasing current flows through the primary copper conduction path (from pins 1 and 2, to pins 3 and 4), which is the path used for current sampling. The internal resistance of this conductive path is 1.2 m typical, providing low power loss. The thickness of the copper conductor allows survival of
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TV America Certificate Number: U8V 06 05 54214 010
Package: 8 Lead SOIC (suffix LC)
Approximate Scale 1:1
Typical Application
+5 V VOUT CBYP 0.1 F
1 2 IP 3 4
IP+
VCC
8 7
IP+ VIOUT ACS712 IP FILTER IP GND
6 5 CF 1 nF
Application 1. The ACS712 outputs an analog signal, VOUT . that varies linearly with the uni- or bi-directional AC or DC primary sampled current, IP , within the range specified. CF is recommended for noise management, with values that depend on the application. ACS712-DS, Rev. 14
ACS712
Description (continued) the device at up to 5 overcurrent conditions. The terminals of the conductive path are electrically isolated from the signal leads (pins 5 through 8). This allows the ACS712 to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation without the use of opto-isolators or other costly isolation techniques. Selection Guide
Part Number ACS712ELCTR-05B-T ACS712ELCTR-20A-T ACS712ELCTR-30A-T Packing* Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel Tape and reel, 3000 pieces/reel
The ACS712 is provided in a small, surface mount SOIC8 package. The leadframe is plated with 100% matte tin, which is compatible with standard lead (Pb) free printed circuit board assembly processes. Internally, the device is Pb-free, except for flip-chip high-temperature Pb-based solder balls, currently exempt from RoHS. The device is fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory.
TA (C) 40 to 85 40 to 85 40 to 85
Optimized Range, IP (A) 5 20 30
Sensitivity, Sens (Typ) (mV/A) 185 100 66
*Contact Allegro for additional packing options.
Absolute Maximum Ratings

Characteristic Supply Voltage Reverse Supply Voltage Output Voltage Reverse Output Voltage Reinforced Isolation Voltage Symbol VCC VRCC VIOUT VRIOUT Pins 1-4 and 5-8; 60 Hz, 1 minute, TA=25C VISO Maximum working voltage according to UL60950-1 Pins 1-4 and 5-8; 60 Hz, 1 minute, TA=25C Basic Isolation Voltage Output Current Source Output Current Sink Overcurrent Transient Tolerance Nominal Operating Ambient Temperature Maximum Junction Temperature Storage Temperature VISO(bsc) IIOUT(Source) IIOUT(Sink) IP TA TJ(max) Tstg 1 pulse, 100 ms Range E Maximum working voltage according to UL60950-1 Notes Rating 8 0.1 8 0.1 2100 184 1500 354 3 10 100 40 to 85 165 65 to 170 Units V V V V VAC Vpeak VAC Vpeak mA mA A C C C
Parameter Fire and Electric Shock
Specification
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1-03 UL 60950-1:2003 EN 60950-1:2001
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com
ACS712
Functional Block Diagram
+5 V VCC (Pin 8)
Hall Current Drive
IP+ (Pin 1)
Sense Temperature Coefficient Trim
Dynamic Offset Cancellation
IP+ (Pin 2)
Signal Recovery
RF(INT)
VIOUT (Pin 7)
IP (Pin 3) IP (Pin 4)
Sense Trim 0 Ampere Offset Adjust
GND (Pin 5)
FILTER (Pin 6)
Pin-out Diagram
IP+ IP+ IP IP 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 VCC VIOUT FILTER GND
Terminal List Table

Number 1 and 2 3 and 4 5 6 7 8 Name IP+ IP GND FILTER VIOUT VCC Description Terminals for current being sampled; fused internally Terminals for current being sampled; fused internally Signal ground terminal Terminal for external capacitor that sets bandwidth Analog output signal Device power supply terminal
ACS712
COMMON OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS1 over full range of TA , CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
Characteristic Supply Voltage Supply Current Output Capacitance Load Output Resistive Load Primary Conductor Resistance Rise Time Frequency Bandwidth Nonlinearity Symmetry Zero Current Output Voltage Power-On Time Magnetic Coupling2 Internal Filter Resistance3
1Device
Symbol VCC ICC CLOAD RLOAD RPRIMARY tr f ELIN ESYM VIOUT(Q) tPO RF(INT)
Test Conditions
Min. 4.5
Typ. 5.0 10 1.2 5 80 1.5 100 VCC 0.5 35 12 1.7
Max. 5.5 13 10 102
Units V mA nF k m s kHz % % V s G/A k
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 5.0 V, output open VIOUT to GND VIOUT to GND TA = 25C IP = IP(max), TA = 25C, COUT = open 3 dB, TA = 25C; IP is 10 A peak-to-peak Over full range of IP Over full range of IP Bidirectional; IP = 0 A, TA = 25C Output reaches 90% of steady-state level, TJ = 25C, 20 A present on leadframe 4.7 98
may be operated at higher primary current levels, IP, and ambient, TA , and internal leadframe temperatures, TA , provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, TJ(max), is not exceeded. 21G = 0.1 mT. 3R F(INT) forms an RC circuit via the FILTER pin.
COMMON THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS1

Min. Operating Internal Leadframe Temperature Junction-to-Lead Thermal Resistance2 Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance
1Additional 2The Allegro
Typ.
Max. 85 Value 5 23
Units C Units C/W C/W
TA RJL RJA
E range Mounted on the Allegro ASEK 712 evaluation board
40
Mounted on the Allegro 85-0322 evaluation board, includes the power consumed by the board
thermal information is available on the Allegro website. evaluation board has 1500 mm2 of 2 oz. copper on each side, connected to pins 1 and 2, and to pins 3 and 4, with thermal vias connecting the layers. Performance values include the power consumed by the PCB. Further details on the board are available from the Frequently Asked Questions document on our website. Further information about board design and thermal performance also can be found in the Applications Information section of this datasheet.
ACS712
x05B PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS1 TA = 40C to 85C, CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
Characteristic Optimized Accuracy Range Sensitivity Noise Zero Current Output Slope Sensitivity Slope Total Output Error2
1Device
Symbol IP Sens VNOISE(PP) IOUT(Q) Sens ETOT
Test Conditions Over full range of IP, TA = 25C Peak-to-peak, TA = 25C, 185 mV/A programmed Sensitivity, CF = 47 nF, COUT = open, 2 kHz bandwidth TA = 40C to 25C TA = 25C to 150C TA = 40C to 25C TA = 25C to 150C IP =5 A, TA = 25C
Min. 5 180
Typ. 185 21 0.26 0.08 0.054 0.008 1.5
Max. 5 190
Units A mV/A mV mV/C mV/C mV/A/C mV/A/C %
may be operated at higher primary current levels, IP, and ambient temperatures, TA, provided that the Maximum Junction Temperature, TJ(max), is not exceeded. 2Percentage of I , with I = 5 A. Output filtered. P P
x20A PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS1 TA = 40C to 85C, CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
1Device
Test Conditions Over full range of IP, TA = 25C Peak-to-peak, TA = 25C, 100 mV/A programmed Sensitivity, CF = 47 nF, COUT = open, 2 kHz bandwidth TA = 40C to 25C TA = 25C to 150C TA = 40C to 25C TA = 25C to 150C IP =20 A, TA = 25C
Min. 20 96
Typ. 100 11 0.34 0.07 0.017 0.004 1.5
Max. 20 104
x30A PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS1 TA = 40C to 85C, CF = 1 nF, and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise specified
1Device
Test Conditions Over full range of IP , TA = 25C Peak-to-peak, TA = 25C, 66 mV/A programmed Sensitivity, CF = 47 nF, COUT = open, 2 kHz bandwidth TA = 40C to 25C TA = 25C to 150C TA = 40C to 25C TA = 25C to 150C IP = 30 A , TA = 25C
Min. 30 63
Typ. 66 7 0.35 0.08 0.007 0.002 1.5
Max. 30 69
ACS712
Characteristic Performance
IP = 5 A, unless otherwise specified
10.9 10.8 10.7 ICC (mA) 10.6 10.5 10.4 10.3 10.2 10.1 -25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 10.0 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 VCC (V) 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 VCC = 5 V VCC = 5 V
Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature

10.30 10.25 10.20 10.15 10.10 10.05 10.00 9.95 9.90 9.85 9.80 9.75 -50
Supply Current versus Supply Voltage
Mean ICC (mA)
Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature

0 0.5 1.0 IOM (mA) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 ELIN (%) 1.5 VCC = 5 V; IP = 0 A, After excursion to 20 A
Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 50 VCC = 5 V
25
25
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150
Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature

8 6 4 ETOT (%) 2 0 2 4 6 8 50 25 0 25 50 TA (C) 4.0 3.5 3.0 VIOUT (V) 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TA (C) 40 25 85 150 Sens (mV/A) VCC = 5 V 75 100 125 150 Sens (mV/A)
Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature

186.5 186.0 185.5 185.0 184.5 184.0 183.5 183.0 182.5 182.0 181.5 181.0 50
25
25
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150
Output Voltage versus Sensed Current
200.00 190.00 180.00 170.00 160.00 150.00 140.00 130.00 120.00 110.00 100.00 -6
Sensitivity versus Sensed Current
TA (C) 40 25 85 150
-4
-2
IP (A)
0 Ip (A)
0 A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature

2520 2515 VIOUT(Q) (mV) 2510 2505 2500 2495 2490 2485 -50 -25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 IP = 0 A
0 A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature

0.20 0.15 0.10 IOUT(Q) (A) 0.05 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 -50 -25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 IP = 0 A
ACS712
10.4 10.2 ICC (mA) 10.0 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.0 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 VCC (V) 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 VCC = 5 V

9.7 9.6 Mean ICC (mA) 9.5 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.1 -50 VCC = 5 V
-25
25
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150

0 0.5 1.0 IOM (mA) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 VCC = 5 V; IP = 0 A, After excursion to 20 A ELIN (%) 1.5

0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 50 25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150

8 6 4 ETOT (%) 2 0 2 4 6 8 50 25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 Sens (mV/A) 100.8 100.6 100.4 100.2 100.0 99.8 99.6 99.4 99.2
99.0 50
25
25
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150

5.0 4.5 4.0 Sens (mV/A) 3.5 VIOUT (V) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 25 20 15 10 5 0 IP (A) 5 10 TA (C) 40 20 25 85 125 15 20 25 VCC = 5 V 110.00 108.00 106.00 104.00 102.00 100.00 98.00 96.00 94.00 92.00

TA (C) 40 25 85 150
90.00 25 20 15 10
5 0 Ip (A)
10
15
20
25

2525 2520 2515 VIOUT(Q) (mV)

0.25 0.20 0.15 IOUT(Q) (A)
2510 2505 2500 2495 2490 2485 -50 -25 0 25
IP = 0 A
0.10 0.05 0 0.05 0.10
IP = 0 A
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150
0.15 -50
-25
25
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150
ACS712
10.2 10.0 ICC (mA) 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.0 4.5 VCC = 5 V

9.6 9.5 9.4 Mean ICC (mA) 9.3 9.2 9.1 9.0 8.9 -50 VCC = 5 V
-25
25
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0 5.1 VCC (V)
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5

0 0.5 1.0 IOM (mA) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 VCC = 5 V; IP = 0 A, After excursion to 20 A ELIN (%) 1.5

0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 50 25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 VCC = 5 V

8 6 4 ETOT (%) 2 0 2 4 6 8 50 25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150 Sens (mV/A) 66.6 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.2 66.1 66.0 65.9 65.8
65.7 50
25
25
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150

5.0 4.5 VIOUT (V) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 30 20 10 0 IP (A) 10 TA (C) 40 20 25 85 125 20 30 VCC = 5 V Sens (mV/A) 4.0 70.00 69.00 68.00 67.00 66.00 65.00 64.00 63.00 62.00 61.00
TA (C) 40 25 85 150 20 10 0 Ip (A) 10 20 30
60.00 30

2535 2530 2525 VIOUT(Q) (mV) 2520 2515 2510 2505 2500 2495 2490 2485 -50 -25 0 25 50 TA (C) 75 100 125 150

0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 IOUT(Q) (A)
IP = 0 A
0.15 0.10 0.05 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 -50 -25 0 25
IP = 0 A
50 TA (C)
75
100
125
150
ACS712
Definitions of Accuracy Characteristics

Sensitivity (Sens). The change in device output in response to a 1 A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G / A) and the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G). The linear IC amplifier gain is programmed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the full-scale current of the device. Noise (VNOISE). The product of the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC (1 G). The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the sensitivity (mV/A) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve. Linearity (ELIN). The degree to which the voltage output from the IC varies in direct proportion to the primary current through its full-scale amplitude. Nonlinearity in the output can be attributed to the saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the linearity:
100 1
Accuracy is divided into four areas: 0 A at 25C. Accuracy at the zero current flow at 25C, without the effects of temperature. 0 A over temperature. Accuracy at the zero current flow including temperature effects. Full-scale current at 25C. Accuracy at the the full-scale current at 25C, without the effects of temperature. Full-scale current over temperature. Accuracy at the fullscale current flow including temperature effects. Ratiometry. The ratiometric feature means that its 0 A output, VIOUT(Q), (nominally equal to VCC/2) and sensitivity, Sens, are proportional to its supply voltage, VCC . The following formula is used to derive the ratiometric change in 0 A output voltage, VIOUT(Q)RAT (%).
100 VIOUT(Q)VCC / VIOUT(Q)5V
{ [
gain % sat ( VIOUT_full-scale amperes VIOUT(Q) ) 2 (VIOUT_half-scale amperes VIOUT(Q) )
[{
VCC / 5 V
The ratiometric change in sensitivity, SensRAT (%), is defined as:

100 SensVCC / Sens5V
where VIOUT_full-scale amperes = the output voltage (V) when the sampled current approximates full-scale IP . Symmetry (ESYM). The degree to which the absolute voltage output from the IC varies in proportion to either a positive or negative full-scale primary current. The following formula is used to derive symmetry:
100 VIOUT_+ full-scale amperes VIOUT(Q)
VCC / 5 V
Output Voltage versus Sampled Current

Accuracy at 0 A and at Full-Scale Current
Increasing VIOUT(V)
Accuracy Over Temp erature Accuracy 25C Only Average VIOUT Accuracy Over Temp erature
VIOUT(Q) VIOUT_full-scale amperes
Quiescent output voltage (VIOUT(Q)). The output of the device when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it nominally remains at VCC 2. Thus, VCC = 5 V translates into VIOUT(Q) = 2.5 V. Variation in VIOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim and thermal drift. Electrical offset voltage (VOE). The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value of VCC / 2 due to nonmagnetic causes. To convert this voltage to amperes, divide by the device sensitivity, Sens. Accuracy (ETOT). The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the total output error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the output voltage versus current chart at right.
IP (A)
Accuracy 25C Only

IP(min) +IP (A)
Full Scale
IP(max)
0A
Accuracy 25C Only Accuracy Over Temp erature

Decreasing VIOUT(V)
ACS712
Definitions of Dynamic Response Characteristics
Power-On Time (tPO). When the supply is ramped to its operating voltage, the device requires a finite time to power its internal components before responding to an input magnetic field. Power-On Time, tPO , is defined as the time it takes for the output voltage to settle within 10% of its steady state value under an applied magnetic field, after the power supply has reached its minimum specified operating voltage, VCC(min), as shown in the chart at right.
Rise time (tr). The time interval between a) when the device reaches 10% of its full scale value, and b) when it reaches 90% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the device, in which (3 dB) = 0.35 / tr. Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane.
I (%) 90
Primary Current
Transducer Output 10 0 Rise Time, tr t
200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0
Power on Time versus External Filter Capacitance IP = 5 A IP = 0 A
Step Response
TA=25C
tPO (s)
10
20
CF (nF)
30
40
50
Output (mV) 15 A
Excitation Signal
Noise vs. Filter Cap
10000 1000
Noise(p-p) (mA)
Noise versus External Filter Capacitance
100 10 1 0.01
0.1
CF (nF)
10
100
1000 Rise Time versus External Filter Capacitance 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0
Rise Time versus External Filter Capacitance 1200 1000 tr(s) 800 600 400 200 0 0 100
CF (nF) 0 1 4.7 10 22 47 100 220 470 500
tr (s) 6.6 7.7 17.4 32.1 68.2 88.2 291.3 623.0 1120.0
Expanded in chart at right 200 CF (nF) 300 400
tr(s)
25
50
75 CF (nF)
100
125
150
10
ACS712
Chopper Stabilization Technique
Chopper Stabilization is an innovative circuit technique that is used to minimize the offset voltage of a Hall element and an associated on-chip amplifier. Allegro patented a Chopper Stabilization technique that nearly eliminates Hall IC output drift induced by temperature or package stress effects. This offset reduction technique is based on a signal modulation-demodulation process. Modulation is used to separate the undesired DC offset signal from the magnetically induced signal in the frequency domain. Then, using a low-pass filter, the modulated DC offset is suppressed while the magnetically induced signal passes through
the filter. As a result of this chopper stabilization approach, the output voltage from the Hall IC is desensitized to the effects of temperature and mechanical stress. This technique produces devices that have an extremely stable Electrical Offset Voltage, are immune to thermal stress, and have precise recoverability after temperature cycling. This technique is made possible through the use of a BiCMOS process that allows the use of low-offset and low-noise amplifiers in combination with high-density logic integration and sample and hold circuits.
Regulator
Clock/Logic Hall Element Amp Sample and Hold Low-Pass Filter
Concept of Chopper Stabilization Technique
11
ACS712
Typical Applications
+5 V +5 V VPEAK C2 0.1 F R4 10 k CBYP 0.1 F VRESET Q1 2N7002 1 IP+ VCC 8 7 RF 1 k 6 5 CF 0.01 F R1 100 k
CBYP 0.1 F
IP+
IP 3 4
ACS712 IP FILTER IP GND 6 5
R1 1 M CF 1 nF R2 33 k
Application 2. Peak Detecting Circuit

+5 V CBYP 0.1 F CBYP 0.1 F
1 2 IP 3 4
IP+
VCC
8 7 VOUT RF 2 k 6 5 R1 10 k CF 1 nF
Application 4. Rectified Output. 3.3 V scaling and rectification application for A-to-D converters. Replaces current transformer solutions with simpler ACS circuit. C1 is a function of the load resistance and filtering desired. R1 can be omitted if the full range is desired.
RF 10 k
2 D1 U1 LT1178 1N914 IP 3 4 R3 330 k C1 0.1 F
Application 3. This configuration increases gain to 610 mV/A (tested using the ACS712ELC-05A).
+5 V
R1 33 k RPU 100 k
D1 1N4448W
1 A-to-D Converter IP 2
IP+
VCC
8 7
R2 100 k VOUT 4 3
IP+ VIOUT ACS712
C1
3 4
IP FILTER IP GND
6 5 CF 1 nF
Application 5. 10 A Overcurrent Fault Latch. Fault threshold set by R1 and R2. This circuit latches an overcurrent fault and holds it until the 5 V rail is powered down.
IP+ VIOUT
VCC
COUT 0.1 F VOUT
R2 100 k
5 2
LM321 4 VOUT
R3 3.3 k
C1 1000 pF
Fault
2 U1 LMV7235
D1 1N914
12
ACS712
Improving Sensing System Accuracy Using the FILTER Pin In low-frequency sensing applications, it is often advantageous to add a simple RC filter to the output of the device. Such a lowpass filter improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and therefore the resolution, of the device output signal. However, the addition of an RC filter to the output of a sensor IC can result in undesirable device output attenuation even for DC signals. Signal attenuation, VATT , is a result of the resistive divider effect between the resistance of the external filter, RF (see Application 6), and the input impedance and resistance of the customer interface circuit, RINTFC. The transfer function of this resistive divider is given by:
VATT = VIOUT
temperature. Therefore, signal attenuation will vary as a function of temperature. Note that, in many cases, the input impedance, RINTFC , of a typical analog-to-digital converter (ADC) can be as low as 10 k. The ACS712 contains an internal resistor, a FILTER pin connection to the printed circuit board, and an internal buffer amplifier. With this circuit architecture, users can implement a simple RC filter via the addition of a capacitor, CF (see Application 7) from the FILTER pin to ground. The buffer amplifier inside of the ACS712 (located after the internal resistor and FILTER pin connection) eliminates the attenuation caused by the resistive divider effect described in the equation for VATT. Therefore, the ACS712 device is ideal for use in high-accuracy applications that cannot afford the signal attenuation associated with the use of an external RC low-pass filter.
VCC Pin 8
RINTFC RF + RINTFC
Even if RF and RINTFC are designed to match, the two individual resistance values will most likely drift by different amounts over
+5 V Pin 3 Pin 4 IP IP
Allegro ACS706
Application 6. When a low pass filter is constructed externally to a standard Hall effect device, a resistive divider may exist between the filter resistor, RF, and the resistance of the customer interface circuit, RINTFC. This resistive divider will cause excessive attenuation, as given by the transfer function for VATT.
Voltage Regulator To all subcircuits

VIOUT Pin 7
Resistive Divider
Input
Filter
0.1 F
Amp
Out
N.C. Pin 6
RF
Application Interface Circuit
Low Pass Filter

Gain Temperature Coefficient Trim Control Offset
CF 1 nF
RINTFC
IP+ IP+ Pin 1 Pin 2
GND Pin 5
+5 V VCC Pin 8
Application 7. Using the FILTER pin provided on the ACS712 eliminates the attenuation effects of the resistor divider between RF and RINTFC, shown in Application 6.
Allegro ACS712
Hall Current Drive IP+ Pin 1 IP+ Pin 2
Sense Temperature Coefficient Trim
Buffer Amplifier and Resistor

Signal Recovery
VIOUT Pin 7
Input
IP Pin 3 IP Pin 4
Sense Trim 0 Ampere Offset Adjust
Application Interface Circuit
RINTFC
GND Pin 5
FILTER Pin 6
CF 1 nF
13
ACS712
Package LC, 8-pin SOIC
4.90 0.10 8
8 0 0.25 0.17 3.90 0.10 6.00 0.20 1.04 REF
0.65 1.75
1.27
5.60
1.27 0.40 0.25 BSC Branded Face SEATING PLANE GAUGE PLANE
C
PCB Layout Reference View
8X 0.10 C 0.51 0.31 1.27 BSC
SEATING PLANE 1.75 MAX 0.25 0.10
NNNNNNN TPP-AAA LLLLL 1
B Standard Branding Reference View For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference MS-012AA) Dimensions in millimeters Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown A Terminal #1 mark area B Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion
C D
N = Device part number T = Device temperature range P = Package Designator A = Amperage L = Lot number Belly Brand = Country of Origin
Reference land pattern layout (reference IPC7351 SOIC127P600X175-8M); all pads a minimum of 0.20 mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessary to meet application process requirements and PCB layout tolerances
14
ACS712
Revision History
Revision Rev. 14 Revision Date October 12, 2011 Description of Revision Update branding specifications
Copyright 2006-2011, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. The products described herein are protected by U.S. patents: 5,621,319; 7,598,601; and patent pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegros products are not to be used in life support devices or systems, if a failure of an Allegro product can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.
For the latest version of this document, visit our website: www.allegromicro.com
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Available Formats

ACS712

TV America Certificate Number: U8V 06 05 54214 010

Package: 8 Lead SOIC (suffix LC)

Approximate Scale 1:1

IP+ VIOUT ACS712 IP FILTER IP GND

Optimized Range, IP (A) 5 20 30

Sensitivity, Sens (Typ) (mV/A) 185 100 66

*Contact Allegro for additional packing options.

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Fire and Electric Shock

CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1-03 UL 60950-1:2003 EN 60950-1:2001

Hall Current Drive

Sense Temperature Coefficient Trim

Dynamic Offset Cancellation

Sense Trim 0 Ampere Offset Adjust

Terminal List Table

Typ. 5.0 10 1.2 5 80 1.5 100 VCC 0.5 35 12 1.7

Max. 5.5 13 10 102

Units V mA nF k m s kHz % % V s G/A k

COMMON THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS1

Units C Units C/W C/W

E range Mounted on the Allegro ASEK 712 evaluation board

Symbol IP Sens VNOISE(PP) IOUT(Q) Sens ETOT

Typ. 185 21 0.26 0.08 0.054 0.008 1.5

Units A mV/A mV mV/C mV/C mV/A/C mV/A/C %

Symbol IP Sens VNOISE(PP) IOUT(Q) Sens ETOT

Typ. 100 11 0.34 0.07 0.017 0.004 1.5

Units A mV/A mV mV/C mV/C mV/A/C mV/A/C %

Symbol IP Sens VNOISE(PP) IOUT(Q) Sens ETOT

Typ. 66 7 0.35 0.08 0.007 0.002 1.5

Units A mV/A mV mV/C mV/C mV/A/C mV/A/C %

Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature

Supply Current versus Supply Voltage

Mean ICC (mA)

Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature

Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature

Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature

Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature

Output Voltage versus Sensed Current

Sensitivity versus Sensed Current

0 A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature

0 A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature

Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature

Supply Current versus Supply Voltage

Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature

Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature

Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature

Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature

Output Voltage versus Sensed Current

Sensitivity versus Sensed Current

0 A Output Voltage versus Ambient Temperature

0 A Output Voltage Current versus Ambient Temperature

2510 2505 2500 2495 2490 2485 -50 -25 0 25

0.10 0.05 0 0.05 0.10

Mean Supply Current versus Ambient Temperature

Supply Current versus Supply Voltage

5.0 5.1 VCC (V)

Magnetic Offset versus Ambient Temperature

Nonlinearity versus Ambient Temperature

Mean Total Output Error versus Ambient Temperature

Sensitivity versus Ambient Temperature

Output Voltage versus Sensed Current