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Tourism & Recreation

Global Goal Score

MAINTAINING THE ATTRACTION OF COASTAL DESTINATIONS

What is This?

Likely Future State

Goal By Country

%
How Does Your Country Compare?

*The estimate of a goals likely near-term future status is a function of four dimensions: Status, Trend, Pressure, and Resilience.

What Does This Score Mean?

An absolute reference point for Tourism & Recreation does not exist, because it is not possible to determine how much tourism or recreation any country should have marine related or otherwise. Since the ability to provide tourism and recreational opportunities differs in each country, scores for this goal measure the number of international tourists arriving, the number of days they stay, and the degree to which the local governance and economy facilitate the development of tourist and recreational opportunities. These measures are compared against all countries globally. The distribution of score values was skewed by a few very high scores for countries with high rates of tourism relative to their population size. These scores would not be an appropriate reference point for other countries, since geographic and other reasons would prevent them from reaching such a target. Therefore, the reference point is set at the value for the 90th percentile country, which was about 25% of the maximum score achieved by those top countries. Sustainability is measured both by considering the number of tourist-days to the countrys total population and by using

Current Score
Although many countries suffer from poverty, political turmoil, war or other volatile conditions that make tourism unsafe or unappealing and also make it difficult for those countries to provide infrastructure that might support increased tourism, the current score of 10 is probably underestimated. This is because data on the proportion of international tourists visiting the coast are not available for each country. Therefore, the incoming visitors were assumed to be evenly distributed across the country, although it is likely that they are mostly concentrated on the coast. In addition, consistent global data on domestic marine and coastal tourism is

both by considering the number of tourist-days to the countrys total population and by using data from the World Economic Forums Travel and Tourism Competitive Index (TTCI), which includes numerous indicators on human, cultural and natural resources as well as infrastructure, health, hygiene and safety, among others. These factors influence the intensity of social and environmental pressures and ability to maintain tourism and recreation opportunities. The goal scores higher when a countrys touristdays are high compared to other nations, when the density of tourists is the same or more than the local population, and when TTCI scores are high.

on domestic marine and coastal tourism is also lacking, and such data would likely serve to raise scores for certain countries.

N/A

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Why Is Tourism and Recreation Important?

Tourism is the largest and fastest growing industry in the world, with coastal and marine tourism being one of its most important sectors and a major component of thriving coastal communities. The Tourism and Recreation goal evaluates the experience and enjoyment of priced and un-priced activities, such as paid boat excursions, entrance fees to coastal parks and ocean-view hotels, or free days at the beach and hikes on public trails. This goal does not evaluate the jobs, wages, and economies associated with tourism and recreation, as they are covered in the Coastal Livelihoods and Economies goal, and focuses only on the number of tourist-days spent in the area.

Sam Schuchat

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How Is It Measured?
Present Status
Present Status is a goal's current value (based on the most recent available data) compared to a reference point.

EACH GOAL IS EVALUATED ON THE BASIS OF FOUR DIMENSIONS.

Trend
Trend is the average percent change in the present status for the most recent 5 years of data.

Pressures
Pressures are the sum of the ecological and social pressures that negatively affect scores for a goal.

Resilience
Resilience is the sum of the ecological factors and social initiatives (policies, laws, etc) that can positively affect scores for a goal by reducing or eliminating pressures.

Pressures

Pressures are human-caused stressors that influence both ecological and social

Pressures are human-caused stressors that influence both ecological and social systems, negatively affecting the ability of a goal to deliver its benefits to people.

Chemical Pollution

Pathogens

Nutrient Pollution

Trash Pollution

Social Pressure

Status

Status refers to the current value of a goal relative to its goal-specific reference point. The reference point is the best condition for a goal that can reasonably be achieved; it is a target to aim for when taking actions to improve ocean health.

Tourism And Recreation International Arrivals

Tourism And Recreation Average Length Of Stay

Tourism And Recreation Population Size

Tourism And Recreation TCI Travel And Tourism Competitiveness Index

Resilience
CBD Water

Resilience refers to the social, institutional, and ecological factors that positively affect the ability of a goal to deliver its benefits to people.

Quality Of Governance

References
CIA World Factbook. FAO The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. 2010. P.C. Cooray. World Tourism Global Update. 2009. UNWTO Tourism Factbook 2005-2009. UNWTO 2011. World Travel and Tourism Council. 2012 Economic Impact Report.

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PHOTO(S): Mike Theiss/National Geographic Stock

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