Microcontroller Based System Design Module 2

Prepared by Emil Raj,Dept. Of ECE,MLMCE

Syllabus
Module 2
Embedded C compiler advantages memory models interrupt functions code optimization - 89C2051 micro-controllerarchitecture-comparison with 89C51- design of a simple trainer circuit using 89C51/89C2051 C interfacing of DIP switch, LED, 7 segment display, alphanumeric LCD relay interface design of a traffic light control system - interfacing programs using C and assembly language.

Prepared by Emil Raj,Dept. Of ECE,MLMCE

89C51

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FEATURES
8 bit CPU with registers A and B 16 bit PC and DPTR 8 bit PSW 8 bit stack pointer Internal ROM 4K Internal RAM of 128b Oscillator & clock circuits
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Four 8 bit ports:P0-P3 Two 16 bit timers & counters:T0&T1 Full duplex serial data Rxr/Txr : SBUF. Control registers : TCON,TMOD, SCON,PCON,IP &IE 2 external & 3 internal interrupts.

INTERNAL RAM
Total 128 Bytes. Divided into 3 groups. 4 Register banks. Bit addressable memory(16 bytes). General purpose registers(80 bytes).
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INTERNAL RAM
Each bank has 8 registers(R0-R7). RS0 & RS1 bits selects the bank.
BANK 0: 00-07H BANK 1: 08-0FH BANK 2: 10-17H BANK 3:18-1FH

General purpose registers.

Total 80 bytes. 30H to 7FH

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BIT ADDRESSABLE
16 bytes from20H to 2FH. Total 128 bits. Specified by its bit address of 00H to 7FH. Set directly by SETB 2F. Cleared by CLR 2F.

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89C2051

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PIN DIAGRAM
89C51 89C2051

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89C2051 FEATURES
2K bytes of Flash 128 bytes of RAM 15 I/O lines two 16-bit timer/counters full duplex serial port a precision analog comparator on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry compatible with the industry standard MCS51 instruction set. supports two software selectable power saving modes.
Idle Mode
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89C2051 FEATURES
Idle Mode
Stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt

system to continue functioning.

Power down mode
Saves the RAM contents and freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip

functions until the next hardware reset.

It has a static processor core, ie. there is no minimum clock frequency maximum clock frequency is 24 MHz.
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89C2051 FEATURES
Consist of Program Memory Lock Bits

There are two on-chip lock bits which can be left un programmed (U) or can be programmed (P). They provide a kind of security for the data. The Lock Bits can only be erased with the Chip Erase operation. Prepared by Emil Raj,Dept. Of ECE,MLMCE

Comparison between 89C51 & 89C2051

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Comparison between 89C51 & 89C2051

89C2051 is having additionally an on chip precision analog comparator. 89C2051 has only 15 I/O lines so, port1 and port3 are only available on it. The architecture of 89C2051 does not support any external address/data bus and therefore RD,WR signals are absent . Similar to 89C51 ,the 89C2051 also supports full-duplex serial communication and six interrupts.
Prepared by Emil Raj,Dept. Of ECE,MLMCE

Comparison between 89C51 & 89C2051

Similar to 89C51 ,two power saving modes namely Idle mode and power down modes are also available in 89C2051 . The 89C51 has 4Kb of flash memory where as 89C2051 is having only 2Kb of flash memory ALE,PSEN,EA signals are not available in 89C2051 chip. The analog precision comparator on the 89C2051 is used along with RC components to build a simple comparator type ADC.
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7 SEGMENT DISPLAY

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PIN CONNECTIONS

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LUT for Common Anode

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INTERFACING

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INTERFACING

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PROGRAM
ORG 0000h CLR P0.1 CLR P0.2 MOV P2, #ffh Loop: CLR P0.2 SETB P0.1 MOV P2, # B0h CALL delay CLR P0.1 SETB P0.2 MOV P2, # 0F9h CALL delay AJMP loop
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Interfacing LED & DIP Switch

Emit light when an electric current passes through them LEDs are available in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. Commonly used size are 5mm and 3mm diameter.
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Interfacing LED & DIP Switch

A series of tiny switches built into circuit boards. DIP switches enable you to configure a circuit board for a particular type of computer or application. DIP switches are always toggle switches, which mean they have two possible positions -- on or off. (Instead of on and off, you may Emil Raj,Dept. Of ECE,MLMCE 0.) see the numbers 1 and Prepared by

Interfacing LED & DIP Switch

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TRAFFIC LIGHT SYSTEM

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TRAFFIC LIGHT SYSTEM

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INTERFACING PRGM

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RELAY
Electromechanical switch, which perform ON and OFF operations without any human interaction. The relay consists a inductor coil, a spring (not shown in the figure), Swing terminal, and two high power contacts named as normally closed (NC) and normally opened (NO). Relay uses an Electromagnet to move swing terminal between two contacts (NO and NC). When there is no power applied to the inductor coil (Relay is OFF), the spring holds the swing terminal is attached to NC contact.
Prepared by Emil Raj,Dept. Of ECE,MLMCE

RELAY
Whenever required power is applied to the inductor coil, the current flowing through the coil generates a magnetic field which moves the swing terminal to normally open (NO) contact. When power is OFF, the spring restores the swing terminal position to NC.

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TYPES OF RELAY

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Relay Interfacing
.

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