KM3 CVC

Ciudad Valle Central Chile
CVC
Can South American metropolitan
areas be decentralised by enforcing
new satelite Agropoles?
MVRDV
University of Talca
Content:
1. World Specialization
2. AGRO CITY CVC (Chile)
2.1 Present Situation
2.2 Agro Maxilization
2.3 Water H2O
2.4 Infrastructure
2.5 Energy
3. CVC AGRO CITY 2050
4. Decentralization
1
W
o
r
l
d

S
p
e
c
i
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
Specialization
The current notion of decentralization,
questions the identity of todays cities and
regions. These identities are strongly
connected to their specializations, not only
concerning financial markets, but also in
energy, agriculture, leisure, service and
industrial markets as well. Can, within the
contemporary context of global networks,
cities and regions still specialize, by nature
of their territorial, economic and historical
circumstances? Is specialization (still) useful
in times of globalization? Can specialization,
due to its concentration, attract targeted
companies, and can it enforce knowledge-
industries and innovation, so as to turn
certain regions into centers of excellence?
How can regional specialization generate
new development, and how can this help to
stimulate mutual trade and therefore mutual
interdependency, by virtue of differentiation?
And, can this interdependency stimulate
economic and political stability?
new york
san francisco
t okyo
london
paris
hong kong
alps
venice
cost a iberica
rome
t urk riviera
greek islands
amst erdam
capet own
rio de j aneiro
caribbean
florida
los angeles
las vegas
cancun
bangkok
bali
sydney
hawaii
dubai
goa
new york
san francisco
t okyo
london
paris frankfurt
hong kong
milan zurich
singapore
Financial Centres
Source: Globalization and World Cities Studygroup and Network
Leisure
silicon valley
aust in
new york
cambridge
kist a
san francisco
t okyo
bost on
israel
helsinki
alburquerque
seat t le
london
dublin
bangalore
t aipei
mont real
bavaria flanders
kyot o
los angeles
malmo
west siberia
mesopot amia
zagros
ghawar
rub al khali
qat ar
volga-ural
nort h sea
gulf
t exas
maracaibo
niger delt a
east venezuela
caspian
sirt e
amu-darya
albert a
bohaiwan
erg
nort hern alaska
oklahoma
t rias
barent s
congo
california
songliao
malaysia
sumat ra
bombay
nort hwest
Energy
Source: USGS
High-Tech Centers
Source Wired Magazine 8.07
Agro spezialization: available crop land:
Which regions shall specialize in agriculture/food production?
Less than 10% of the planets surface is covered by fertile soils
suited for food supply. Agriculture and its demand to feed a
population of 12 billion at the end of this century pleads as well
for a regional specialization.
Scanning
the
world
for
terroir
definition
Where are the best places in the planet to
fulfill a hyperproductive quantity and quality
wise- agricultural specialization? Unlike
some other economical sectors (like finance
or technology) , agriculture depends on the
concentration of a series of geographical
factors to reach high yield levels. Its
competitive advantages are in strong relation
to specific resources so the creation of an
agriculture specialized region should flourish
as long as they are present as a starting
point. Which are the places with the optimal
cohabitation of the most fertile soils, the most
xxx climate and the most abundant water
resources? Where are the planets terroirs?
Soil + climate + water
Soil: alfisol + mollisol
It is believed that it may take 500 years for an inch of soil to
develop so its presence constitutes an invaluable resource.
Among the different types of soils, those known as mollisols and
alfisols constitute the richest in organic matter and therefore the
best for growing healthy plants.
+ Climate; Mediterranean
Within the different climates classified on Earth, the type
known as Mediterranean climate gathers the most suitable
characteristics for efficient agricultural production in terms of
precipitation levels and average temperatures.
> 100000
20000 - 100000
10000 - 20000
5000 - 10000
2000 - 5000
1000 - 2000
< 1000
insufficient data
+ Water Ressources (irrigation)
m
3
pr capita pr year
+ Water Resources (irrigation)
= Terroirs: soil + climate + water
California
Central Valley Chile
South Africa: Cap
Valencia Spain
petown
West Australia
Israel
Superimposing the different layers required we find out very few
places with highly competitive advantages to develop into major
global specialized agriculture centers. Can we investigate some of
them to outline its maximum potentials? Can we turn some of
them into the ultimate agricultural machines?
2
A
g
r
o

C
i
t
y

C
V
C

(
C
h
i
l
e
)
2
.
1
P
r
e
s
e
n
t

S
i
t
u
a
t
i
o
n
CVC Chile
Surface 6463475 Ha
Population 1822035
Density 28 h/km2
S ( S )

Valencia
Israel
Netherlands
California
Western Australia
Cape Town (South Africa)
Surface 253240000 Ha
Population 1927300
Density 0.67 h/km2
Surface 12937000 Ha
Population 3500000
Density 27 h/km2
Surface 40389060 Ha
Population 34501130
Density 85.42 h/km2
Surface 4152600 Ha
Population 15930000
Density 383.6 h/km2
Surface 2106000 Ha
Population 6000000
Density 7.3 h/km2
Surface 1080600 Ha
Population 2216285
Density 205 h/km2
Central Valley Chile: Future Agrocity?
C
E
N
T
R
A
L

V
A
L
L
E
Y
C
H
I
L
E

C
E
N
T
R
A
L
SANTIAGO
CONCEPTIN
KM
88
102
141
196
210
252
304
350
385
399
RANCAGUA
RENGO
SAN FERNANDO
CURIC
MOLINA
TALCA
LINARES
PARRAL
SAN CARLOS
CHILLAN
CVC Terrior: Soil
incepticoles
acfisoles
vertisoles
ultisoles
entisoles
Compressed between the Andes Mountain range and the Pacific Ocean, CVC
has mainly 5 types of soils, being afisoles suitable for agriculture in general,
entisols for fruittrees if the slope and height are reasonable, inceptisols for
forest and vertisols for dry crops.
Sections
Climate in the valley
winter rain and high humidity
temperate warm with winter rain
temperate warm with mediterranean influence
temperate cold with winter rain
tundra because of height
+ Climate
2500
2000
1200
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
INING mm
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
2000
2500
200
300
400
500
800
1300
2000
200
300
400
500
800
1300
2000
5
10
20 100
200
300
5
10
20
100
200
300
NUMBER OF FROST DAYS PR YEAR
Yearly Average Raining
mm
Yearly Water Excess
mm
Number of frost days
per year
Although generally presenting a Mediterranean climate in the central plain, the
mountains provide other different climates as the altitude varies. Many climatic
conditions in a relatively short space.
8
7
6
5
3
3
5
6
7
8
DRY PERIOD (MONTH)
145
140
130
130
140
145
YEARLY RADIATION kcal/cm2/day
1000
900
800
600
400
400
600
800
900
1000
dry period
(month)
Yearly radiation
kcal/cm2/day
Yearly Water deficit
mm
Irrigated by seasonal fresh water rivers coming down from the
mountain, but also with high quality subterranean water.
0 - 50
50 - 100
100 - 500
500 - 1000
1000 - 2000
2000 - 3000
3000 - 4000
4000 - 5000
5000 - 6000
6000 - 7000
7000 - 8000
8000 - 9000
9000 - 10000
10000 - 15000
15000 - 20000
20000 - 35000
+ Irrigated Land
SUPERFICIE CVC 6.463.475 h
33,33 %
25,87
24,22
11,13
3,47
0,98
0,70
0,30
bosques + forestales
terrenos agricolas
praderas y matorrales
reas desprovistas de vegetacion
nieves y glaciares
cuerpos de aqua
reas urbanas a industrias
humedales
Central valley current land use corrresponds with typical agricul-
ture area. This landsituation together with present soil + climate +
water conditions gives central valley an unique oppertunity to
become a real maximized Agro City.
Landuse
Mineral Area
Forest Area Not Prod
Agricultu
Natural Resources
ductive Area Total Area
Vineyards Area ural area
Urbanized areas are lined along the panamerican highway.
Cropland is concentrated in the central plain forest are in the two
mountain ranges
Source: Basf Chile SA
CVC Present Agro Situation
Intesity ha:
0 300000 600000 900000 1200000
meadows
Forest areas
Vegetables
Industrial crops
Yearly crops
Grape for Wine
Grape
Fruit trees
SURFACES Ha
Total 2157000
Fruit trees 96767 Ha
Vegetables 67715 Ha
Industrial crops 40310 Ha
Yearly crops 384571 Ha
Grape for wine 89871 Ha
Grape 10926 Ha
Meadows 223333 Ha
Forest areas 1243508 Ha
Total surface 2157000 Ha
Total Surfaces
CVC main agro products are: forest, fruits and wine.
Vegetables
Intesity ha:
0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000
Organo
Esprrago
Alcachofa
Semilleros
Otras hortalizas
Zapallo italiano
Zapallo temprano y guarda
Zanahoria
Tomate Industrial
Tomate Aire Libre
Tomate Invernadero
Sandia
Repollo
Repollito bruselas
Rabanito
Puerro
Poroto verde
Poroto granado
Pimiento
Perejil
Pepino ensalada
Pepino dulce
Meln
Lechuga
Haba
Espinaca
Endibia
Coliflor
Cilantro
Choclo
Chalota
Cibulette
Cebolla temprana y media estacin
Cebolla de guarda
Camote
Brcoli
Betarraga
Berenjena
Arveja verde
Apio
Alcayota
Albahaca
Ajo
Aji
Achicoria
Acelga
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Organo
Esprrago
Alcachofa
Semilleros
Otras hortalizas
Zapallo italiano
Zanahoria
Tomate Industrial
Tomate Aire Libre
Tomate Invernadero
Sandia
Repollo
Repollito bruselas
Rabanito
Puerro
Poroto verde
Poroto granado
Pimiento
Perejil
Pepino ensalada
Pepino dulce
Meln
Lechuga
Haba
Espinaca
Endibia
Coliflor
Cilantro
Choclo
Chalota
Cibulette
Cebolla temprana y media estacin
Cebolla de guarda
Camote
Brcoli
Betarraga
Berenjena
Arveja verde
Apio
Alcayota
Albahaca
Ajo
Aji
Achicoria
Acelga
SURFACE Ha
PRODUCTION Ton
YIELD Ton/Ha
Total 51649
Total 1637987
Average 31,7
Organo
p
O
rrago
a
s
s
o
l
e
Tomate Invernadero
a
o
Repollito bruselas
o
o
e
Poroto granado
Pimiento
l
a
l
Pepino dulce
n
Lechuga
a
a
a
r
o
o
a
lette
Cebolla temprana y media estac
l
n
Cebolla de guarda
Camote
B i
a
i
a
Arveja verde
o
a
Albahaca
o
i
a
a
0 200000 200000 600000 600000 800000 1000000
Or
O
gano
Total Total
EspOOO
Or O
OOOOrrago rrgano gano
gano n
Alcachofa
Esp Esprrago rrago

EE
Semilleros Alcachofa Alcachofa
Al h f Al h f
Otras hortalizas Semilleros Semilleros
S ill S ill
Zapallo italiano Otras hortalizas Otras hortalizas
Otras hortalizas Otras hortalizas S ill S ill
Zapallo tempranZapallo italiano Zapallo italiano
p p y g p p y g
Z ll i li
Zapa Zapa Ot h t li Ot h t li hh
pppp
O h li hh
Z h i rano y guarda rano y guarda y g y g
Tomate Industrial Zanahoria Zanahoria
l
Z h i Z h i
Tomate Aire Libre Tomate Industrial Tomate Industrial
T I d i l T I d i l
Tomate Industrial ate Industrial Tomate Industrial ndustrial
Tomate Invernadero Tomate Aire Libre Tomate Aire Libre
Tomate Invernadero mate Inverna
T Ai Lib T Ai Lib
Tomate Aire Libre ate Aire L Tomate Aire Libre e Aire L
vernadero vernadero vernadero a ernadero
Repollo
d
Sandia Sandia
S di Sa dd
Sandia d Sandia d
Repollito bruRepollo Repollo
Repollito bruselas Repollito bruselas
R ll R ll
Re R S di S di
Repollo Repollo Repollo ol
S di S di
Rabanito ito bruselas ito bruselas
Rabanito Rabani
ito bruselas ito bruse ito bruselas ito bruse
Puerro Rabanito Rabanito
Puerro
Rabanito Raban abanito
Poroto verde Puerro Puerro
PP
Puerro Puerro
PorotoPoroto verde Poroto verde
Poroto granado Poroto granado
P d P d
Poroto verde Poroto
Poroto verde oroto verd Poroto verde oroto verd
Pimiento oto granado oto granado
P
oto granado d oto granado d
Perejil Pimiento Pimiento
Perejil j
ii
miento t
Pimiento mien Pimiento mien
Pepino ensaPerejil Perejil
pp
P jil P jil
Pe P
Perejil Perejil Perejil ejil
Pep
Pepino ensalada Pepino ensalada
Pepino dulce Pepino dulce
i l d i l d
ii
Pepino ensalada Pepino ensalada epino ensalada pino ensalad
Mel
no du no du no du o no du
ulc ulc ulc uul

n
ce ce ce ce
Lechuga
Mel Melnn
Lechuga Lechuga
M l M l
Mel M
Me Me Mee
el el el el
n
nn
Haba
echuga echuga
Haba Haba
echuga eechuga e
Espin
Haba Haba
Espinaca Espinaca
H b H b
HH
Haba Haba Haba
Endibia
Espinaca Espinaca
Endibia Endibia
Espinaca s Espinaca s
Coliflor
Endibia Endibia
Coliflor Coliflor
EE
Endibia ndib Endibia ndib
Cilantro
Coliflor Coliflor
Cilantro Cilantro
CC
Coliflor Colif Coliflor Colif
Choclo
Cilantro Cilantro
Choclo Choclo
Cil il
Cilantro CCilantro C
Chalota
Choclo Choclo
Chalota Chalota
Ch Ch
Choclo c Choclo c
Cibulette
Chalota Chalota
Cibulette Cibulette
Ch Ch
Chalota a Chalota a
Cebolla temprana y media es
Cibul Cibul
Cebolla temprana y media estac Cebolla temprana y media estac
Cib l Cib l
Cib Cib
Cibul Cibul Cibul u
et et
ci ci
et et
n
te te
nn
te te
Cebolla de guarda
mprana y media estac mprana y media estac nn
Cebolla de guarda Cebolla de guarda
di i di i mprana y media estac prana y media estac prana y media estac media estac
ci ci ii iii
n
nn
Camote
de guarda de guarda
Camote Camote
de guarda d de guarda d
Br
CC
BB
CC
CC
CCam
Br Br
Cam a
coli
t mote
coli coli
mote mote
Betarra
BB coli li
Betarraga Betarraga
BB li li
Br B
BBB
Br Br BBBBB
c
coli coli coli coli
Ber
Betarraga B t
Berenjena Berenjena
BB
Be B
Betarraga Betarraga Betarraga ar
Arvej
Berenjena B j
Arveja verde Arveja verde
B j B j
Be Be
Berenjena Berenjena Berenjena
A
verde d
Apio Apio
dd verde verde verde erd
Alcay
A i A i
Alcayota Alcayota
A i A i A
AA
Apio Apio A i
Albahaca
Al t Al t
Albahaca Albahaca
Al Al
Al t Al t
A
haca h
Ajo Ajo
haca haca haca ac
A
Aj Aj
Aji Aji
Aj Aj
AA
Ajo Ajo Ajo A
Achicoria
Aji Aji
Achicoria Achicoria
AA
Aji Aji Aji Aji
Acelga
Acelga Acelga
Achicoria Achicoria Achicoria Achicor hi i
400000 600000 800000 10000000
Fruits Fruits
Intesity ha:
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000
30000 35000
Otros
Uva de mesa
Perales
Paltos
Olivos
Nogales
Naranjos
Manzano
Limoneros
Kiwis
Nectarinos
Durazno
Damascos
Ciruelos
Cerezos
Almendros
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000 350000 400000
Uva de mesa
Perales
Paltos
Olivos
Nogales
Naranjos
Manzano
Limoneros
Kiwis
Nectarinos
Durazno
Damascos
Ciruelos
Cerezos
Almendros
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Uva de mesa
Perales
Paltos
Olivos
Nogales
Naranjos
Manzano
Limoneros
Kiwis
Nectarinos
Durazno
Damascos
Cerezos
Almendros
PRODUCTION Ton
YIELD Ton/Ha
SURFACES Ha
Total 96766
Total 96766
The main products are: apples, grapes and peers.
Wineyards
Intesity ha:
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
SURFACE 1000 HA
MILLION LITRES
0 40 80 120
INCREASE OF PRODUCTIVITY
WINE YARDS
Wine is becoming one of the main products of the whole valley.
Wine productivity is increasing every year with the same amount
of land.
Livestock
Intesity ha:
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Caballares
Caprino
Porcino
Ovino
Bovino
CATTLE
N CABEZAS
400000 600000 800000 1000000 1200000
Porcino
Ovino
Bovino
Total 100
Total 2519461
CVC live stock situation is not very relevant.
F O R E S T Y
Forest
Intesity ha:
0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1000000 1200000
Pino Radiata
Eucalipto
Other
Pino Oregon
Alamo
SURFACE Ha
PRODUCTION Ton
0 50000000 100000000 150000000 200000000 250000000 300000000 350000000 400000000
Pino Radiata
Eucalipto
Other
Pino Oregon
Alamo
Total 1243508
Total 422295316,8
CVC Forest activty is one of the main industries in the valley.
CVC AGROCITY
VALENCIA
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
AGRO SURFACE Ha 316095
0 5000000
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
SOUTH AFRICA
CALIFORNIA
CVC AGROCITY
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
VALENCIA
CVC AGROCITY
VALENCIA
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
0 5000000
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
SOUTH AFRICA
CALIFORNIA
CVC AGROCITY
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
VALENCIA
Agro comparison
CALIFORNIA
SOUTH AFRICA (CAPE TOWN REGION)
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
(32 % of total)
10000000 15000000 20000000
CALIFORNIA
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
(32 % of total)
10000000 15000000 20000000
1 EEUU
2 China
3 Canada
4 India
5 Rusia
6 Alemenia
7 Bielorrusia
8 Indonesia
9 France
10 Brasil
34 S. Africa
37 Australia
47 New Zeeland
60 Chile
177.000 Ton
CVC Agro Export
Within specialization and globalization agro
export and trade increases regions only
produce few products. They specialize in the
best one for their conditions. The rest they
get them from world agro trade
> 1500
1000 - 1500
500 - 1000
200 - 500
100 - 200
50 -100
< 50
(in 1 million $)
CVC Agro Export Destinations
Products: apples, grapes, kiwi, berries, wine
> 300
100 - 300
50 - 100
30 -50
10 -30
5 - 10
< 5
(in 1 million $)
CVC Forest Export destination
> 300
100 - 300
50 - 100
30 -50
10 -30
5 - 10
< 5
(in 1 million $)
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Poland
Portugal
Norway
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Greece
Uruguay
South of Africa
Paraguay
Filipines
Sweden
Finland
Singapore
Canada
Thailand
Indonesia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Columbia
Bolivia
Belgium
Spain
Peru
Mexico
Netherlands
France
Italy
China + HK
Germany
Argentina
Taiwan
Brazil
Corea, south
Others
United Kingdom
Japan
U. S. of America
CVC Agro Products Export Destinations
in million dollars
3000 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000
SINGAPUR
VIETNAM
HONDURAS
KUWAIT
GUATEMALA
MARRUECOS
EGIPTO
NORUEGA
COSTA RICA
PARAGUAY
REP. DOMINICANA
AUSTRALIA
UNION EMIRATOS ARABE
INDONESIA
URUGUAY
BOLIVIA
CANADA
TAILANDIA
ARABIA SAUDITA
ECUADOR
REINO UNIDO
FRANCIA
BRASIL
ALEMANIA
BELGICA
TAIWAN
COLOMBIA
VENEZUELA
ESPAA
ARGENTINA
COREA DEL SUR
PERU
HOLANDA
ITALIA
MEXICO
CHINA
JAPON
U.S.A
CVC AGROCITY FOREST PRODUCTS EXPORT DESTINATIONS
CVC Forest Products Export Destinations
in million dollars
Ranking of
FRUITS-EXPORTS
in Chile
1 APPLE 36.7%
2 GRAPE 35.6%
3 PEAR 11.6%
4 KIWI 5.9%
5 SMALL PEACHES 5.5%
6 PLUMS 4.7%
> 3000
2000 - 3000
1000 - 2000
500 - 1000
200 - 500
< 200
(in 1 million $)
Ranking World Agriculture Exporters
> 15000
10000 - 15000
5000 - 10000
2000 - 5000
1000 - 2000
500 - 1000
200 - 500
< 200
(in 1 million $)
World Ranking Forest Exporters
0 10000000 20000000 30000000 40000000 50000000 60000000
Sri Lanka
Iran Islamic Rep of
Pakistan
Finland
Russian Federation
Guatemala
Czech Republic
Syrian Arab Republic
Philippines
Portugal
Ecuador
Costa Rica
Korea Republic of
Cte d'Ivoire
Ukraine
Sweden
Viet Nam
Switzerland
South Africa
Hungary
Greece
Japan
Colombia
Singapore
Poland
Chile
Austria
China Hong Kong SAR
Turkey
Indonesia
India
Malaysia
Ireland
New Zealand
Thailand
Mexico
Denmark
Argentina
China
United Kingdom
Spain
Italy
Australia
Brazil
Belgium
Canada
Germany
Netherlands
France
U. S. of America
CVC AGROCITY 35 % of TOTAL Chile = 1109310
World Ranking Agro Exporters
in 1000 dollars
0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000
Turkey
Mexico
Cte d'Ivoire
Papua New Guinea
Lithuania
Croatia
Liberia
Argentina
Luxembourg
Ireland
Myanmar
Denmark
Gabon
Estonia
Hungary
Slovenia
Cameroon
Slovakia
Singapore
Romania
Latvia
Thailand
Australia
South Africa
Czech Republic
Poland
Portugal
New Zealand
Korea, Republic of
Switzerland
Chile
Japan
Norway
United Kingdom
Spain
Italy
Brazil
Netherlands
Malaysia
Belgium
China
Russian Federation
Austria
Indonesia
France
Sweden
Germany
Finland
U. S. of America
Canada
World Ranking Forest Exporters
in 1000 dollars
CVC AGROCITY
VALENCIA
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
AGRO EXPORT 1099260,86
FOREST EXPORT
FOREST EXPORT 44693,00
0 5000000 10000000
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
SOUTH AFRICA
CALIFORNIA
CVC AGROCITY
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
VALENCIA
Comparison with other regions
in 1000 dollars
CALIFORNIA
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
FOREST EXPORT
(32 % of total)
15000000 20000000 25000000 30000000
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Landuse: Resources:
Labour:
Education
Employment
Life Expectancy
Income
performance
m3
Ha.
US$
Yr.
Yr.
%
CVC today
Agro-Machinery
Fruits
Production: Economy:
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Exports
Infrastructure:
Roads/Trains
Harbour
Airport
Energy:
Hydroelectric Thermoelectric Geothermal Biogas
Technification:
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
US$
Mw m3. Mw Mw.
Others
2
.
2
A
g
r
o

M
a
x
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 20000000 40000000 60000000 80000000 100000000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
SURFACES Ha
PRODUCTION Ton
YIELD Ton/Ha
CVC Agrocity:
Specialization
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Fruits
Production: Economy: Landuse: Resources:
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Exports
Technification:
m3 Ha.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
US$
Others
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
LABOUR MANPOWER (per year)
PROFIT $/Ha
0 200000000 400000000 600000000 800000000 1000000000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
CVC PROFIT $
CVC Agrocity has to specialize only in the best crop it can produce
attending to: best conditions of soil and climate, highest profit,
export possibillities, and labour conditions. These aproducts are:
Forest products, berries, Apples, Tomatoes, sugar beet, Orange
and Onion.
Which crop scores the best among these selected?
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 20000000 40000000 60000000 80000000 100000000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
YIELD Ton/Ha
PRODUCTION
LA
Apples
Oranges
Onions
Forest
Berries
Vineyards
Tomatoes
Sugarbeet
CVC Agrocity
Israel
Netherland
USA
Israel
Israel
Chile
yield (ton/has)
60
35.8
41.8
41
17.8
104.5
65.4
CVC Agrocity:
Specialization + Production Increase
Most productive countries in the world
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Others
Exports
Technification:
m3 Ha.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton. US$
0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
PROFIT $/Ha
LABOUR MANPOWER
0
200000000 400000000 600000000 800000000 1000000000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
CVC PROFIT $
Within specialization CVC Agrocity has to iprove production. Which
are the most productive countries with the same climate and soil?
Can CVC Agrocity reach these results in productivity?
Technification process improve some products significantly.
Has product ranking changed?
Do products score different in this new situation?
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 1000000 2000000 3000000 4000000 5000000 6000000 7000000 8000000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
CVC PROFIT 1000$
SURFACE Ha
0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000 700000 800000
Onion
Orange
Sugar beet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
LABOUR MANPOWER
CVC Agrocity:
Specialization + Production Increase + Monoproducer
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Others
Exports
Technification:
m3 Ha.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton. US$
0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 600000 700000 800000
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
7000000
8000000
LABOUR MANPOWER
forest
vineyards
forest
Apples
Tomatoes
Berries
Attending to these results CVC Agrocity should focus on:
Berries
Apples
Forest
Vineyards
Tomatoes

Monoproducer means all crops have the same surface. All prod-
ucts are now in equal conditions to score. Which are the best
products attending to CVC Profit and Labour manpower supply?
Does technification increase significantly the results?
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
n
a
1
9
9
0
1
9
9
1
1
9
9
2
1
9
9
3
1
9
9
4
1
9
9
5
1
9
9
6
la oxplotaoion aumonto un oon la misma supor
FUENTE NE, bolotin ao agrioola 200 / 2001
Wine is already being maximized
Production has increased 100% within the same surface
5000000000
400000000
300000000
200000000
100000000
0
m
i
l
l
.
l
i
t
r
o
s
1
9
9
6
1
9
9
7
1
9
9
8
1
9
9
9
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
2
0
0
2
rioio
suporioio v/s produooion
Where should different crops grow?
SOIL
Inceptisols 19.68 1272080 12519.51 1259560.49
Alfisols 33.08 2137896 21040.67 45000 2071855.33
Entisols 31.94 4389 20317.23 223803 1820268.77
Ultisols 10.38 670903 6602.87 664300.13
Vertisols 4.92 318207 3131.72 315075.28
% SURFACE Ha WATER Ha GLACIERS URBAN Ha
USEFUL Ha
6463475 Ha 6131060 Ha
FOREST Inceptisols+dry crops surface
BERRIES Alfisol
APPLES Entisol with admissible slope
VINEYARDS Alfisol
TOMATOES Alfisol
SUGARBEET Vertisol
ORANGE Alfisol
ONION Alfisol

Increase Surface
Which is the most suitable coil for each crop? Can CVC optimize
the use of this soil?
To accomplish maximalization, specialization and global
competition CVC AGROCITY has to cultivate all usefull land.
incepticoles
acfisoles
vertisoles
ultisoles
entisoles
CVC AGROCITY 1041095 agricultural employees
Increase Surface
Each crop grows in its suitable type of soil.
Production can still be aproved according to
previous results
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Others
Exports
Technification:
m3 Ha.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton. US$
present situation
surface maximized
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
SURFACES Ha
0 1000000 2000000 3000000 4000000 5000000 6000000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
CVC PROFIT 1000$
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
EMPLOYMENT
TOTALS 4101208,10 2157000,00

TOTALS 10809177,51 483710,15

TOTALS 1041095 188394

CVC AGRO EMPLOYEES 1041095
Increase Surface
+ Production
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Others
Exports
Technification:
m3 Ha.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton. US$
All valley useful surface is cultivated.
Production levels are maximum.
Can CVC AGROCITY still produce more?
AGROMAX
present situation
surface maximized
surface maximized, production maximized
SURFACES Ha
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
CVC PROFIT
0 2000000 4000000 6000000 8000000 10000000 12000000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
EMPLOYMENT
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
TOTALS 4101208,10 4101208,10 2157000,00
TOTALS 16707374,92 10809177,51 483710,15

TOTALS 1041095 1041095 188394
Increase Surface
+ Production + Densifying
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Others
Exports
Technification:
m3 Ha.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton. US$
Can CVC AGROCITY densify crops?
Can crops be mixed to optimize use of land?
Production levels are maximum.
AGROMAX+
present situation
surface maximized
surface densified, production maximized
SURFACES Ha
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
TOTALS 5741691,29 4101208,10 4101208,10 2157000,00

CVC PROFIT
0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
TOTALS 23390324,76 16707374,92 10809177,51 483710,15

EMPLOYMENT
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000 350000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
TOTALS 1457535 1041095 1041095 188394

Increase Surface
+ Production + Densifying + Stacking
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Others
Exports
Technification:
m3 Ha.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton. US$
can we even further and stack crops?
Production levels are maximum
AGROMAX++
present situation
surface maximized
surface densified, production maximized
surface stacked and maximized, production maximized
SURFACES Ha
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000 3000000 3500000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000 3000000 3500000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
CVC PROFIT
0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
EMPLOYMENT
0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000
Onion
Orange
Sugarbeet
Tomatoes
Vineyards
Apples
Berries
Forest
TOTALS 8202416,16 5741691,29 4101208,10 4101208,10 2157000,00

TOTALS 33414749,65 23390324,76 16707374,92 10809177,51 483710,15

TOTALS 2082192 1457535 1041095 1041095 188394

0 10000000 20000000 30000000 40000000 50000000 60000000
Sri Lanka
Iran Islamic Rep of
Pakistan
Finland
Russian Federation
Guatemala
Czech Republic
Syrian Arab Republic
Philippines
Portugal
Ecuador
Costa Rica
Korea Republic of
Cte d'Ivoire
Ukraine
Sweden
Viet Nam
Switzerland
South Africa
Hungary
Greece
Japan
Colombia
Singapore
Poland
Chile
Austria
China Hong Kong SAR
Turkey
Indonesia
India
Malaysia
Ireland
New Zealand
Thailand
Mexico
Denmark
Argentina
China
United Kingdom
Spain
Italy
Australia
Brazil
Belgium
Canada
Germany
Netherlands
France
U. S. of America
(STACKED)
(DENSIFIED)
(MAXIMIZED)
New Agro-Forest Export Diagnostic
Agro in 1000 dollars
0 5000000 10000000 15000000 20000000 25000000
Turkey
Mexico
Cte d'Ivoire
Papua New Guinea
Lithuania
Croatia
Liberia
Argentina
Luxembourg
Ireland
Myanmar
Denmark
Gabon
Estonia
Hungary
Slovenia
Cameroon
Slovakia
Singapore
Romania
Latvia
Thailand
Australia
South Africa
Czech Republic
Poland
Portugal
New Zealand
Korea, Republic of
Switzerland
Chile
Japan
Norway
United Kingdom
Spain
Italy
Brazil
Netherlands
Malaysia
Belgium
China
Russian Federation
Austria
Indonesia
France
Sweden
Germany
Finland
U. S. of America
Canada
(STACKED)
(DENSIFIED)
(MAXIMIZED)
Forest in 1000 dollars
CVC AGROCITY
(STACKED)
VALENCIA
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
FOREST EXPORT
0 5000000 10000000 15000000
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
SOUTH AFRICA
CALIFORNIA
CVC AGROCITY
CVC AGROCITY (MAXIMIZED)
CVC AGROCITY (DENSIFIED)
CVC AGROCITY (STACKED)
NETHERLANDS
ISRAEL
VALENCIA
New Agro-Forest Export Comparisson
CALIFORNIA
AUSTRALIA (WESTERN)
FOREST EXPORT
(32 % of total)
20000000 25000000 30000000 35000000
New Valley Outlook: Employment increa
to know the population structure nee
ases exceptionally. Is it possible we get
eded for the new valleys job demand?
present
maximization
densify
stacking
construction
manufacture
comerce
services
agriculture
active population
%
total population
%
construction
manufacture
comerce
services
agriculture
active population
%
total population
%
construction
manufacture
comerce
services
agriculture
active population
%
total population
%
construction
manufacture
comerce
services
agriculture
active population
%
total population
%
96960
172790
206790
309580
313490
1099610
60.35
1822035
100
8.82
15.71
18.81
28.15
28.51
100
321994
573817
686727
1027950
1041096
3651687
6050849
450910
803152
961635
1439130
1457534
5112361
8471186
643539
1146258
1372445
2053925
2080192
7296359
12090073
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Keeping present social structure:
CVC AGROCITY possible outputs
present
surface h
population hab
density hab/km
2
6463475
1822035
28
densify
surface h
population hab
density hab/km
2
6463475
8471186
131
stacking
surface h
population hab
density hab/km
2
6463475
12090073
187
maximization
surface h
population hab
density hab/km
2
6463475
6050849
94
New Valley Agrocity STATISTICS
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Landuse: Resources:
Labour:
Education
Employment
Life Expectancy
Income
performance
m3
Ha.
US$
Yr.
Yr.
%
Agromaximization
COMPLETED AGROMAX PROCESS NEEDS TO IMPROVE WA
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Exports
Infrastructure:
Roads/Trains
Harbour
Airport
Energy:
Technification:
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
US$
Mw m3. Mw Mw.
Others
ATER + LABOUR-SOCIETY + INFRASTRUCTURE + ENERGY.
Can C.V.C AGROCITY ass
sume this huge growth?
2
.
3
W
a
t
e
r

H
2
O
Agromax needs more water. Are there
e enough water resources in the valley?
Optimize use? Avoid loses? New dams?
Optimized Water Infrastructure
Present Water Infrastructure
Dams Infrastructure
Does CVC need more dams?
watering by sprinklers 70 - 75 %
trickle irrigation 85 - 90 %
WATER COST IS 120 $ PR YEAR PR 10 HA
MOST EFFICIENT IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
2 % CLOSED
98 % OPEN
flooding 20 - 25 %
by the side 20 - 25 %
furrow 30 - 35 %
WATERING BY SPRINKLERS AND BY TRICKLE IRRIGATION IS MOST EFFICIENT
TECNIFIED
GRAVITATIONAL
AVOID WATER LOSSES BY TECNIFYING
WATER FORESIGHT USE WITH AGROMAX
0 50 100 150 200 250
drinkable water
mine industry
industry
agriculture
WATER FORESIGHT USE WITHOUT AGROMAX
0 20 40 60 80 100
drinkable water
mine industry
industry
agriculture
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
2003 2013 2023 2033 2043
WATER VOLUME km3
WITH AGROMAX
WITHOUT AGROMAX
Current valley water resources can asume agromax increase in the water
consumption.
Foresight use of water
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Landuse: Resources:
Labour:
Education
Employment
Life Expectancy
Income
E
performance
m3
Ha.
US$
Yr.
Yr.
%
Agromaximization
+ water
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Exports
Infrastructure:
Roads/Trains
Harbour
Airport
Energy:
Technification:
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
US$
Mw m3. Mw Mw.
Others
2
.
4
I
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
What kind of infrastructure is needed
d to increase production and export?
> 90000
75000 - 90000
60000 - 75000
40000 - 60000
20000 - 40000
< 20000
World Infrastructure Ranking
In a world comparison Chile has currently an infrastructure level
equivalent to other fast emerging countries, although most of their
competitors surpass it.
CVC Roads and Railway Valley Present Situation
Road Network
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000
LOADS
PASSENGERS
1997
1998
1999
2000
1997
1998
1999
2000
RAILWAY SITUATION IN VALLEY
Unfortunately CVC itself has a very bad infrastructure. In terms of
roads and trains it has only one highway and one train line
(no high speed trains) providing a very slow and poor ground
accessibility.
Speed Diagrams
120 km/h 80 km/h 40 km/h
Regions Comparison
CVC
California
Netherlands
S. Africa
highways 4.202 km
highway density : 0.02 km/km
train 313 km
railways density : 0.005 km/km
highways 27.855 km
train 5634 km
highways 116.309 km
train 2739 km
highways 2.544 km
train 2.287 km
NECKLACE
THE RING + THE GRID
1 MAIN ROAD
FISHBONE
Network Proposals - Projects
THE GRID THE RING
THE SPIRAL THE VERTEBRAS
CVC could build two other highways: one next to the coast and for-
est explotation area and another scenic highway on the Andes
foothills with a fantastic view over the valley providing accessibility
for the production of pomaceas in those slopes.
A fast train paralle to the existing highway would also shorten con-
siderably the enormous length of the valley.
0 2000000 4000000 6000000 8000000 10000000
other countries
united arabian emirates
phillipines
argentina
bulgaria
norway
sweden
suadi arabia
venezuela
india
ecuador
colombia
bahrein
malasia
canada
germany
belgium
united kingdom
taiwan
france
peru
italy
mexico
spain
indonesia
netherlands
brazil
china
EXPORT BY MARINE TRANSPORT TON
LOADED BY PORTS TON
0 1000000 2000000 3000000 4000000 5000000 6000000
II de antofagasta
III de atacama
IV de coquimbo
V de valparaiso
VII region del bio-bio
IX region de los lagos
antartica chilena
CVC Ports
KIWI
PEARS
GRAPE
APPLES
KIWI
PEARS
GRAPE
APPLES
2010 2003
WITH APPROPIATE INFRASTRUCTURE THE FRESH FRUIT PRODUCTION
INCREASES 40 OR 50 % AND JUSTIFIES AN AIRPORT
In order to export the production of CVC its infrastructure is even
more dramatic.
CVC has no major harbour and no airport. Having to transport
everything to distant neighbouring harbours in Valparaiso and
Santiago International Airport.
CVC Airports
+
Many products of CVC (flowers, berries, mushrooms) require
fast transportation to its destinations. Could we imagine an
international airport in CVC for more accessibility to worlds
markets, could it be paid by an increase of that production? Due to
space (approximation cone) and visibility (fog) constraints it could
be located next to the Maule river with a close interaction to the
new harbour.
Due to this lack of infrastructure CVC is loosing more than US$600
million a year in late arrivals and product damages.
Given that the Maule river (at the middle of CVC) used to be
navigatable to a certain extent until the forest explotation residues
filled its calado, we could imagine to redig it and turn it into a
competitive harbour. Zoned according to the different products
and accesed by inland canals from the optimized waterways for
barges.
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Landuse: Resources:
Labour:
Education
Employment
Life Expectancy
Income
E
performance
T
m3
Ha.
US$
Yr.
Yr.
%
Agromaximalization
+ Water + Infrastructure
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Exports
Infrastructure:
Roads/Trains
Harbour
Airport
Energy:
Technification:
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
US$
Mw m3. Mw Mw.
Others
2
.
5
E
n
e
r
g
y
Are CVC energy resources enoug
gh to accomplish CVC AGROCITY?
CVC is in Chile's 6732,9 Mw SIC electricity System. CVC contributes
with 51,2% 3449.1 Mw. Most of it hydroelctric energy (79,8%)
SIC consumption would be 54.932,6 Gwh. 71,8% more growing in
22961,3 Gwh.
SIC can only provide electricity until 2006. With agromaximazation
process consumption increases even more.
How much energy does agromax need?
URUGUAY
PARAGUAY
ARGENTINA
BRAZIL
PERU
ECUADOR
COLOMBIA
VENEZUELA
BOLIVIA
CHILE
Can CVC buy more electricity?
URUGUAY
PARAGUAY
ARGENTINA
BRAZIL
PERU
ECUADOR
COLOMBIA
VENEZUELA
BOLIVIA
CHILE
Can CVC produce more electricity and export?
WHICH ENERGY SHOULD CVC AGROCITY PRODUCE?
hydroelectric
thermoelectric
geothermic
geothermal
wind
biogas
costs
573 Mw = 573000000
573 Mw = 659000000
573 Mw = 573000000
installation = 8200000
production = 980208
hydroelectric
thermoelectric
geothermic
geothermal
wind
biogas
adventage disadventage
water regulation
ecosystem maker
non natural reserves

change natural water course
social impact
changes earth habitat
less ashes than fossiles
low air pollution
impoverishes soils
non polluting
cleans water for drinking purposes
smaller space than hydro- and
thermalelectrics
visual impact
non polluting (yes acustic)
clean energy
visual impact
auditive impact
bird obstacle
clean energy
we get fertilizer
smelling control
CVC AGROCITY SHOULD FOCUS ON
THERMOELECTRIC
HYDROELECTRIC
GEOTHERMAL
BIOGAS
only with forest exceeds, no with fuel
valley still has many hydro resources
valley has the resources needed
methan gas, pigcity
METHAN GAS AND THERMOELECTRICS
USE VALLEYS WASTE.
W
E

B
U
Y

W
A
S
T
E
Soil
Climate
Water
Surface
Landuse: Resources:
Labour:
Education
Employment
Life Expectancy
Income
performance
m3
Ha.
US$
Yr.
Yr.
%
Agromaximalization
+ Water + Infrastructure + Energy
Fruits
Vegetables
Forest
Vineyards
Exports
Infrastructure:
Roads/Trains
Harbour
Airport
Energy:
Technification:
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
Ton.
US$
Mw m3. Mw Mw.
Others
3
C
V
C

A
g
r
o

C
i
t
y

2
0
5
0
How to inhabite now this s
superproductive territory?
> 3 %
2,5 % - 2,9 %
2 % - 2,4 %
1 % - 1,9 %
< 1 %
not disponible
> 3000
1000 - 3000
400 - 1000
100 - 400
< 100
(in 1 million $)
DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH 1985-1995
GDP PER CAPITA
CVC 2003 present situation
> 3 %
2 % - 2,9 %
1 % - 1,9 %
0 % - 0,9 %
< 0 %
not disponible
alto
medio
bajo
HDI HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX 2002
GDP GROWTH 1985-1995
Chile is an emerging country...
1
S
o
u
t
n

A
r
i
o
a
6
4
,
8
2
S
w
a
z
i
l
a
n
d
6
4
,
4
3
N
i
o
a
r
a
g
u
a
6
3
,
6
4
B
r
a
z
i
l
6
3
5
Z
i
m
b
a
b
w
o
6
2
,
3
#
H
I
L
E
7
B
o
l
i
v
i
a
6
1
,
8
8
H
o
n
d
u
r
a
s
6
1
,
8
9
C
o
l
o
m
b
i
a
6
0
,
9
1
0
P
a
r
a
g
u
a
y
6
0
,
7
1
1
G
u
a
t
o
m
a
l
a
6
0
,
6
1
2
L
o
s
o
t
n
o
6
0
,
1
1
3
G
u
i
n
o
a
-
B
i
s
s
a
u
5
8
,
9
1
4
M
o
x
i
o
o
5
6
,
7
1
5
Z
a
m
b
i
a
5
6
,
6
MALADISTRIBUCINDELARIQUEZAUBICACIONENELMUN
1
6
P
a
p
u
a

N
o
w

G
u
i
n
o
a
5
6
,
5
1
7
M
a
l
i
5
6
,
2
1
8
N
i
g
o
r
i
a
5
5
,
7
1
9
E
l

S
a
l
v
a
d
o
r
5
5
,
3
2
0
B
u
r
k
i
n
a

F
a
s
o
5
5
2
1
M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
5
4
,
3
2
2
P
u
s
s
i
a
n

F
o
d
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
5
3
,
7
2
3
v
o
n
o
z
u
o
l
a
5
3
,
7
2
4
D
o
m
i
n
i
o
a
n

P
o
p
u
b
l
i
o
5
3
,
3
2
5
N
i
g
o
r
5
3
,
3
2
6
P
a
n
a
m
a
5
2
,
8
2
7
G
a
m
b
i
a
5
2
,
8
2
8
P
n
i
l
i
p
p
i
n
o
s
5
2
,
3
2
9
M
a
d
a
g
a
s
o
a
r
5
2
3
0
P
o
r
u
5
1
,
2
UNDO
LOSPEORES
...but has the problem of inequality in income and consumption
rancagua
rengo
san fernando
curico
talca
san javier
linares
parral
san carlos
chillan
CVC Urban Settlements
CVC Urban Settlements have the origin in spanish
XVII century colonization. Main cities were positioned
every one day horseride distance.
2003 48.835 ha. of urban surface.
THE LAWS OF THE INDIES
given by Felipe II, on july 13, 1573, in the Forest of Segovia
City Planning Ordinances
34. In order to populate those areas that are already discovered, pacified, and under our
mandate, as well as areas that might be discovered and pacified in the course of time,
the following sequence should be adhered to: choose the province, county, and place
that will be settled, taking into consideration the health of the area, which will known
from the abundance of old men or of young men of good complexion, natural fitness and
color, and without illness; and in the abundance of healthy animals of sufficient size, and
of healthy fruits and fields where no toxic and noxious things are grown, but that it be
good climate, the sky clear and benign, the air pure and soft, without impediment or
alterations and of good temperature, without excessive heat or cold, and having to
decide, it is better that it be cold.
35. And they should be in fertile areas with an abundance of fruits and fields, of good
land to plant and harvest, of grasslands to grow livestock, of mountains and forests for
wood and building materials for homes and edifices, and of good and plentiful water
supply for drinking and irrigation.
36. And that they should be populated by Indians and natives to whom we can preach
the gospels since this is the principal objective for which we mandate that these discov-
eries and settlements be made.
37. And they should have good access and outlet by sea and by land, and also good
roads and passage by water, in order that they may be entered and departed easily with
commerce, while bringing relief and establishing defenses.
38. Once the region, province, county, and land are decided upon by the expert discov-
erers, select the site to build a town and capital of the province and its subjects, without
harm to the Indians for having occupied the area or because they agree to it of good
will.
39. The site and position of the towns should be selected in places where water is near-
by and where it would be possible to demolish neighboring towns and properties in order
to take advantage of the materials that are essential for building; and, [these sites and
positions should be suitable] also for farming, cultivation, and pasturation, so as to avoid
excessive work and cost, since any of the above would be costly if they were far.
40. Do not select sites that are too high up because these are affected by winds, and
access and service to these are difficult, nor in lowlands, which tend to be unhealthy;
choose places of medium elevation that enjoy good winds, especially from the north and
south, and if there were mountains or hills, these should be in the west or in the east,
and it there should be a need to build in high places, do it in areas not subjected to fogs;
take note of the terrain and its accidental features and in case that there should be a
need to build on the banks of a river, it should be on the eastern bank, so when the sun
rises it strikes the town first, then the water.
41. Do not select sites for towns in maritime locations because of the danger that exists
of pirates and because they are not very healthy, and because in these [locations] there
are less people able to work and cultivate the land, nor is it possible to instill in them
these habits. Unless the site is in an area where there are good and principal harbors,
among these, select for settlement only those that are necessary for the entry of com-
merce and for the defense of the land.
Life Expectancy
80 years
second place in the world
Employment Growth
0 years
fourth place in Chile
Unemployment
24.6%
second place in Chile
CVC Society Analyses
Illitrate
24.5%
First place in Chile
Average Schooling
8.6 years
in Chile 10 years obligatory
education
Proverty
28.6%
second place in Chile
CVC AVERAGE CHILE
CVC HAS STILL A PREDOMINANT YOUNG POPULATION STRUCTURE PYRAMID
present
construction
manufacture
comerce
services
agriculture
active population
%
total population
%
96960
172790
206790
309580
313490
1099610
60.35
1822035
100
EMPLOYEMENT STRUCTURE EVOLUTION IN ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURE
SERVICES
SERVICES
PEOPLE BY AREA
CVC 2003 Social Structure
CVC AVERAGE CHILE
maximization densify
stacking
construction
manufacture
comerce
services
agriculture
active population
% 60.35
total population
% 100
321994
573817
686727
1027950
1041096
3651687
6050849
450910
803152
961635
1439130
1457534
5112361
8471186
643539
1146258
1372445
2053925
2080192
7296359
12090073
AGRICULTURE
SERVICES
SERVICES
PEOPLE BY AREA
CVC AGROCITY EVOLUTION?
NEW POPULATION DIAGRAMME WITH SAME SOCIAL STRUCTURE
CVC AVERAGE CHILE
maximization densify
stacking
construction
manufacture
comerce
services
agriculture
active population
% 60.35
total population
% 100
321994
573817
686727
1027950
1041096
3651687
6050849
450910
803152
961635
1439130
1457534
5112361
8471186
643539
1146258
1372445
2053925
2080192
7296359
12090073
AGRICULTURE
SERVICES
SERVICES
PEOPLE BY AREA
CVC AGROCITY EVOLUTION?
NEW POPULATION DIAGRAMME WITH SAME SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Is this the desired structure? Can quality of life be increased so
that less population is needed for Agromax?
CVC AGROCITY Social Struture
2003
2015
2030
2050
CVC HAS TO AVOID THIS GROWTH
This population increase leads agromax to danger
Agro surface loss because of urban expansion is
close to 1200 ha pr year. Most of these lands are
excellent flat, irrigated and super productive lands.
If this process keeps on going, by 2050 the agro
surface losses will reach the katastrophic amount of
60000 ha. CVC AGROCITY has to stop this process to
be born. New lands used for new urban settlements
should not be suitable for agriculture.
OPTIMAL URBAN SETTLEMENTS
NEW INHABIT
TYPOLOGIES MUST
AVOID CROPLAND LOSS
CAN CVC AGROCITY'S
GOAL BE SANTIAGO
DESCENTRALIZATION?
4
D
e
c
e
n
t
r
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Caseros San Juan Salta Mar del
Plata
Tucumn La Plata Mendoza Rosario Crdoba Buenos
Aires
Argentina
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Pereira Ibagu Pereira Ccuta Cartagena Bucaraman. Barranqui. Cali Medelln Bogot
Colombia
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Tacna Pucallpa Cusco Huancayo Piura Iquitos Chiclayo Trujillo Arequipa Lima
Peru
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Minas Maldonado Treinta
y Tres
Melo Artigas Tacuaremb Rivera Paysand Salto Montevideo
Uruguay
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Esmeraldas Milagro Manta Ambato Portoviejo Sto. Domingo Machala Cuenca Quito Guayaquil
Ecuador
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Houston Dallas Detroit Boston Philadelphia San
Francisco
Washington Chicago Los Angeles New York
USA
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Belm Braslia Curitiba Fortaleza Porto
Alegre
Recife Salvador Belo
Horizonte
Rio de
Janeiro
So Paulo
Brasil
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Iquique CVC Chilln Arica Rancagua Antofagasta Temuco Valparaso Concepcin Santiago
Chile
America 2003
Most countries are extremely centralized.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Caseros San Juan Salta Mar del
Plata
Tucumn La Plata Mendoza Rosario Crdoba Buenos
Aires
Argentina
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Pereira Ibagu Pereira Ccuta Cartagena Bucaraman. Barranqui. Cali Medelln Bogot
Colombia
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Tacna Pucallpa Cusco Huancayo Piura Iquitos Chiclayo Trujillo Arequipa Lima
Peru
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Minas Maldonado Treinta
y Tres
Melo Artigas Tacuaremb Rivera Paysand Salto Montevideo
Uruguay
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Esmeraldas Milagro Manta Ambato Portoviejo Sto. Domingo Machala Cuenca Quito Guayaquil
Ecuador
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Houston Dallas Detroit Boston Philadelphia San
Francisco
Washington Chicago Los Angeles New York
USA
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Belm Braslia Curitiba Fortaleza Porto
Alegre
Recife Salvador Belo
Horizonte
Rio de
Janeiro
So Paulo
Brasil
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Iquique Talca Chilln Arica Rancagua Antofagasta Temuco Valparaso CVC AGROCITY Santiago
Chile
America 2050
Chile is no longer centralized. CVC AGROCITY becomes an
opportunity to stop Santiago's growth.
This book has been concieved by MVRDV in collaboration with the School of
Architecture of Talca University, Chile.
MVRDV-Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs and Nathalie de Vries with: Manuel de
Rivero, Guillermo Reyns, Martn Laursen, Luis m. Etchegorry, Oliverio
Najmas.
Graphic design: Roddy McMahon
School of Architecture, Talca University, Chile:
Professors:
Juan Pablo Corvaln
Juan Romn
Alvaro Rojas
Assistant professors:
Germn Valenzuela
Andrs Maragao
Eduardo Aguirre
Carolina Reyes
Blanca Zuiga
Mauricio Ramrez
Guest professors:
Ana Rascovsky
Max Zolwer
Other professionals:
Yerko Moreno
Jos Antonio Yuri
Oscar Corvaln
Juan Muoz
Students:
Carlos Canda
Sebastian Valenzuela
Hctor Peldoza
Cristian Chvez
Carlos gonzales
Jorge Olivos
Rodrigo Barrias
M Paz Cruz
Paulina Arrao
Ingrid Vega
Victor Marn
Gabriel Vergara
Pola Nuez
Francisca Leiva
Constanza Muos
Mariela Pea
Paulina Molnar
Manuel Gaete
Sebastin Gonzlez
Juan Francisco Inostroza
Alejandra Lizama
Cristian Castillo
Valeska Pea
Macarena Avila
Paula Jalife
Blanca Azocar
Osvaldo Veliz
Mauricio Opazo
Juan Pablo Alarcon
Hernn Moraga
Flix Caceres
Carolina Gonzlez
Sofia Palacios
Csar Verdugo
Pablo Olivares
Ciudad Valle Central Chile CVC
This book is the first chapter of an
upcoming on the potential of the Valle
Central in Chile.This is a chapter about
the possible global role of the valley
and nesseccities to achieve this.
Can the Valle, by focussing agressively
on a new satelite Agropole, become
an examplary excercise for the claim
for an intense global position in
agriculture? Can it then claim for an
examplary role for decentralizing the
South American Metropolitan areas?
It is part of a research program by the
University of Talca in collaboration with
MVRDV in Rotterdam, Holland in
2003/2004, that will be published in
2004.

KM3 CVC

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

KM3 CVC

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ciudad Valle Central Chile

Esp Esprrago rrago

ulc ulc ulc uul

You might also like