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Immunology Strengthens Fight Against Stage 4 cancer and Stage 4 Breast Cancer
The field of cancer immunology is now more than 30 years old and has developed rapidly, particularly over the last 10 years. Immunotherapy, the use of the stimulated immune system to fight off disease, has branched out into different subsets including immune system growth factors, monoclonal antibodies, cellular therapies, and even combinations of two or more of these immunotherapy strategies. Recent advances in adoptive immunotherapy (focused on the expansion of specific disease-fighting white blood cells and their infusion into patients) have led to breakthrough discoveries that will profoundly impact the treatment of stage 4 breast cancer and other stage 4 cancer over the next decade.
Immunotherapy for cancer and stage 4 cancer provides a complete new way of targeting metastasis and dealing with the primary site of the cancer all at one time. Data clearly shows that as tumors and cancer stages progress so do immune blocking mechanisms conjured (up regulated) by cancers to self-protect. By depleting such negative immune factors and rebuilding a specialized cancer vaccine that employs the body's own natural killer cells to fight - Envita has a powerful and innovative method to deal with stage 4 breast cancer and stage 4 cancer using the best immunotherapy.
Natural Killer Cells Vital to Stage 4 Breast Cancer and Stage 4 Cancer Patients
Despite the impairments in NK and NKT cell number and function seen in cancer patients, these cells have been successfully expanded from patients via advanced laboratory techniques - providing the necessary cellular resources for effective immunotherapy.3,5 Published research from Stanford University, the Mayo Clinic, and Harvard University has recently illustrated and supported the importance of natural killer cells and natural killer T cells in patients with cancer. In fact, adoptive immunotherapy composed of NK cell infusions has the capacity to cause clinical regressions in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and leukemia. Moreover, NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes have also been utilized in breast cancer patients with clinical successes noted. 7,8 In patients with metastatic breast cancer, NK infusion was well-tolerated and resulted in complete response in 20% of patients.7 In 6 out of 16 patients infused with activated T lymphocytes, objective tumor regressions were observed. 8 In animal models of breast cancer, the anti-tumor effects of agents such as interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 were determined to be dependent on NK cells. 9,10 Additionally, the presence of activated NK cells and other tumor-fighting immune cells have proven to be key factors in the response of cancer patients to drugs such as thalidomide, Gleevec, and paclitaxel. 11-13
simultaneously depleting it of negative factors that impede its functionality. Depleting the negative factors is extremely important. It is no secret that cancer cells effect the release of T-regulatory cells, or "negative T cells." The numbers of these cells correlate directly with specific cancer stages respective to each cancer type. The more advanced the cancer, the higher the Tregulatory cells. These cells block your bodys immune system ability to fight. The immune system is the first and last defense against cancer. Naturally, by stepping in and acting to deplete these cells along with other key enzymes that block critical immune system, cancer cell-killing action will be expedited exponentially. Imagine your immune system being targeted and ready to go, yet something in your body suddenly applies the brakes. This is in fact what most stage 4 breast cancer and stage 4 cancer patients are dealing with in regards to high regulatory T cells. Envita's treatment protocols build a targeted vaccine by using the body's most powerful cancer killers, but also depletes the portion of the immune system that inhibits the body from functioning efficiently in such regard. Case in point, there is no treatment (conventional or alternative) that can be effective in the later stages of cancer if these negative T-cells are not effectively down-regulated. Unlike other immune therapies found in the published literature, Envitas AAIT can be used as a stand-alone treatment. AAIT can also be given in conjunction with other therapies that will act to enhance the effects of cells once they are in the patient. This is a key improvement over many of the published studies in the scientific literature. Envitas AAIT therapy is not just focused on expanding cells in the laboratory; the ultimate goal is to also expand them and keep them activated after they are infused back into the body. Making AAIT next important piece to stage 4 breast cancer and stage 4 cancer therapy.
2) Konjevic G, Spuzic I. Evaluation of different effects of sera of breast cancer patients on the activity of natural killer cells. J Clin Lab Immunol. 1992;38(2):83-93. 3) Caras I, Grigorescu A, Stavaru C, Radu DL, Mogos I, Szegli G, Salageanu A. Evidence for immune defects in breast and lung cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2004 Dec;53(12):1146-52. 4) Garner WL, Minton JP, James AG, Hoffmann CC. Human breast cancer and impaired NK cell function. J Surg Oncol. 1983 Sep;24(1):64-6. 5) Crough T, Purdie DM, Okai M, Maksoud A, Nieda M, Nicol AJ. Modulation of human Valpha24(+)Vbeta11(+) NKT cells by age, malignancy and conventional anticancer therapies. Br J Cancer. 2004 Nov 29;91(11):1880-6. 6) Strayer DR, Carter WA, Brodsky I. Familial occurrence of breast cancer is associated with reduced natural killer cytotoxicity. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1986;7(3):187-92. 7) deMagalhaes-Silverman M, Donnenberg A, Lembersky B, Elder E, Lister J, Rybka W, Whiteside T, Ball E. Posttransplant adoptive immunotherapy with activated natural killer cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer. J Immunother. 2000 Jan;23(1):154-60. 8) Bishop MR, Fowler DH, Marchigiani D, Castro K, Kasten-Sportes C, Steinberg SM, Gea-Banacloche JC, Dean R, Chow CK, Carter C, Read EJ, Leitman S, Gress R. Allogeneic lymphocytes induce tumor regression of advanced metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2004 Oct 1;22(19):3886-92. 9) Divino CM, Chen SH, Yang W, Thung S, Brower ST, Woo SL. Anti-tumor immunity induced by interleukin-12 gene therapy in a metastatic model of breast cancer is mediated by natural killer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2000 Mar;60(2):129-34. 10) Joshi SS, Tarantolo SR, Kuszynski CA, Kessinger A. Antitumor therapeutic potential of activated human umbilical cord blood cells against leukemia and breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 Nov;6(11):4351-8. 11) Hayashi T, Hideshima T, Akiyama M, Podar K, Yasui H, Raje N, Kumar S, Chauhan D, Treon SP, Richardson P, Anderson KC. Molecular mechanisms whereby immunomodulatory drugs activate natural killer cells: clinical application. Br J Haematol. 2005 Jan;128(2):192-203. 12) Borg C, Terme M, Taieb J, Menard C, Flament C, Robert C, Maruyama K, Wakasugi H, Angevin E, Thielemans K, Le Cesne A, Chung-Scott V, Lazar V, Tchou I, Crepineau F, Lemoine F, Bernard J, Fletcher JA, Turhan A, Blay JY, Spatz A, Emile JF, Heinrich MC, Mecheri S, Tursz T, Zitvogel L. Novel mode of action of c-kit tyrosine
kinase inhibitors leading to NK cell-dependent antitumor effects. J Clin Invest. 2004 Aug;114(3):379-88. 13) Kubo M, Morisaki T, Matsumoto K, Tasaki A, Yamanaka N, Nakashima H, Kuroki H, Nakamura K, Nakamura M, Katano M. Paclitaxel probably enhances cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against breast carcinoma cells by increasing perforin production. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2005 May;54(5):468-76. Epub 2004 Dec 9.