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DESIGN OF TUNNEL PORTAL FRAME DESIGN INPUTS: Grade of Concrete Modular ratio m M-20

13.33

0.25

0.92

8.02
2

Characteristic strength of Fe-500 steel

500 Kg/cm

Tensile stress in steel

2800 Kg/cm

Density of Reinforced Concrete

2400 Kg/Cum

Density of Rock

2600 Kg/Cum

Assumed size of Column

45 cm X 30 cm

Assume size of Beam

30 cm X 45 cm

Clear span of portal

3.4 m

Effective Span of portal

3.85m

Height of Portal

3.4 m

DESIGN OF PORTAL:

BEAM 450 X 450

C O LU M N 450 X 450

G R O U N D P R O F IL E

PORTAL A D IT

IN V E R T L E V E L ROAD

4t

Beam 300x450 3.40 3.85 Column 450x300

LOADING:

Self weight of beam 0 Weight of Surcharge Assuming 45 dispersion Total load over Beam

= 1101.60 kgs = 2890.40 kgs = 3993.00 kgs = 4.00 t

In the portal ABCD, as section of all the members are same I is also same for all members. Fixed End Moments MBC = WL/12 = 1.833 tm

Relative stiffness for AB Relative stiffness for BC Relative stiffness for CD Distribution factors at joint B for members BA BC

= = = = =

4EI/L = 4EI/L = 4EI/L = 0.531 0.469

1.176 1.039 1.176

By moment distribution, we can find the moments as shown below: Joint Member DF FEM Dist CO Dist CO Dist Final moments A AB BA 0.531 0.6815 0.341 0.1598 0.080 0.0424 0.421 0.8837 B BC 0.469 -1.2833 0.6018 -0.3009 0.1411 -0.0706 0.0331 -0.8788 CB 0.469 1.2833 -0.6018 0.3009 -0.1411 0.0706 -0.0331 0.8788 C CD 0.531 0.6815 -0.341 -0.160 -0.080 -0.042 -0.421 D

-0.879tm 1.93 tm B C

0.879tm

A 0.421tm

D -0.421tm

Free B.M. for beam is WL/8 Net moment for which steel is to be provided Depth of Beam required (d) Overall depth provided is 45 cm . Hence OK Effective depth = (45-3) Area of Steel (At) Provide 5

= =

1.925 1.046 20.854

tm tm cm

= = Nos. of

0.420 0.9705 12

m cm2 mm Top 3 -12mm Bottom 2 - 12 mm and 1 of 16 mm

1 Ast

Nos. of =

16 7.662

mm cm2

Design for shear Shear force due to design 2.00 t loads 'V' 1.587 Kg/cm2 Shear stress fv V/bd = From the table 23 IS 456:2000, p-84, "permissible shear stress in concrete",

0.304N/mm2 3.0981 Kg/cm2

Corresponding permissible shear stress in concrete (tc)

0.23

N/mm2

2.3437

Kg/cm2

Safe

Min shear reinforcement provide 2 legged 8mm dia @ 0.87fyXAsv/0.4b = 362.50 mm Provide 8mm dia 2 legged stirrups @ 200 C/c

Bond stress

V/(axSigmaO) Permissible bond stress=

5.772 13.042

Kg/cm2 Kg/cm2 safe

DESIGN OF COLUMN:
LOAD ON EACH COLUMN SELF LOAD Total load on Column (P) Moment
1 . 85 P

= = = = =

2000Kgs 1101.60 Kgs 3102 Kgs. 0.879 T-m 0.0213

=(1.85 x3102)/(200x45x30)

bd cu

1 . 85 M

cu

bxd

= (1.85x0.879x1000x100)/(200x 45 x30 x30) = 0.006405

dt/dl = 41.5/45 = 0.916 From charts, (Gama)/Sigma-cu is negligible Hence provide minimum steel of 0.8% of concrete area i.e 10.8 Cm2. Provide 6 nos of 16 mm dia bars Actual area of steel provided = 12.06 cm2 LATERAL TIES: Use 8mm dia 2 legged stirrups as lateral ties Spacing of stirrups is minimum of the following: 1. Least lateral dimension = 450 mm 2. 16 times dia of bars = 256mm 3. 48 times dia of ties = 384 mm Least of the above is 256 mm. However provide 8mm Dia stirrups at 250 c/c

DESIGN OF FOOTING: Load from column Self weight of footing Total load = = = 3102 Kgs 310 kgs 3412 Kgs

Area of footing

One side of square footing

= = = =

Load/SBC of soil 3412/40x1000 0.09 m 0.29 m 1.2 m X 1.2 m 42065 kg-cm

However provide a square footing = Moment =

3615 k g /s q m

694 k g /s q m 2519 k g /s q m 3113 k g /s q m

INTENSITY OF PRESSURE: P A M Z P/A M/Z = = = = = = 3102 Kgs 1.44 m2 421 Kg-m 0.288 m3 2153.9 Kg/m2 1406.60 kg/m2 3615 kg/m2 2519 kg/m2

Pmax = Pmin =

Bending moment at the face of the column = 306 kg-m = 30606 kgcm

Depth of footing d = 6.178 cm. However provide 30 cm thick as depth of footing. Effective depth = 26.4 cm

Area of steel required Ast = 0.4887 Cm2 This is negligible. However provide 12mm dia bars at 200 c/c both ways CHECK FOR SHEAR: The section is checked for diagonal tension at a distance of 24.4 cm from the face of the column Shear force at the section = 693 kgs Shear stress = 0.258 Kgs/Cm2 Area of steel Ast provided = 9.04 cm2 100As/bXd = 0.309 Permissible shear stress in concrete for the above = 2.14 Kg/cm2. greater than 0.259 Kg/cm2. Hence SAFE. This is

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