Mechanical Design Head Design:

A torispherical head of the following parameters is chosen: Rc crown radius, Rc = Di = 2.0 m Rk - knuckle radius, Rk = 10% of Rc = .2 m Let, t = thickness of the head =5 mm We know, Design Pressure = 1.1 atm Pressure at which elastic deformation occurs P (elastic) = 0.366E(t/ Rc)2

Where, E = Youngs Modulus of Stainless steel = 180 GN/m2 Therefore, P (elastic) = 4.12 *10 ^7 Pa Which is larger than 3* Design Pressure = 3.3437 * 10^5 Pa

Therefore, thickness = 5 mm.

The pressure required for elastic deformation, P(elastic)>3(Design Pressure) Hence, the thickness is satisfactory. The thickness of the shell and the head are made equal for ease of fabrication. Support Design: Di = 2 m Weight of packing :

Package density of intalox saddles (38mm) = 580 Kg/m3 Weight = pi(1)4 *580 = 7288.5 Kg Minimum weight of the vessel with attachments: s = 7850 * 9.81 = 77000N/m3 Insulation thickness = 75 mm W (min) = pi(Di + ta)ta(H-4)s = 4.85 kN W (max) = W(shell) + W(water during test) + W(attachments) + W (insulation) = (4.85 + 75.40 + 71.5 )kN = 151.75 kN

Period of vibration at minimum dead weight is: T (min) = 6.35*10-5(H/D)1.5(W(min)/t)0.5 = .32 s (which is < .5s ) Therefore, K2 = 1 Period of vibration at maximum dead weight load: T (max) = 6.35*10-5(H/D)1.5(W(max)/t)0.5 = 1.82 s > 0.5s Therefore, K2 = 2 For minimum wt condition, Do = 2.005 m For minimum wt condition, Do = 2.080 m

The wind load is determined by: Pw (min) = K1*K2*Pw*H*D

=.7(1)(1000)(6)(2.005) = 8421 N

Pw (max) = K1*K2*Pw*H*D = .7(2)(1000)(6)(2.080) = 17472 N

Minimum and Maximum wind moments:

Mw (min) = Pw(min)H/2 = 25263 Nm

Mw(max) = Pw(max)H/2 = 52416 Nm As, thickness of the skirt is expected to be small assuming Di ~ Do = 2 m

zwm(min) = 4*Mw(min)/(pi)D2t = 8.041/tkN/m2 zwm(max) = 4*Mw(max)/(pi)D2t = 16.684/t KN/m2

Minimum and Maximum dead load stresses:

(min) = Wmin/(pi)Dt

= .772/t KN/m2 zw(max) = Wmax/Dt = 23.22/t KN/m2

Maximum tensile stress without any eccentric load is computed as follows:

z(tensile) = zwm(min) - zw(min) = 8.041/t .772/t KN = 7.27/t KN

Substituting, z(tensile) = fJ = 96 * .7 = 67.2 MN/m2 Equating, 67.2 = 7.27*10^(-3)/t t = 1.06 mm

Maximum compression load is computed as follows: z(compression) = zwm(max) + zw(max) = (16.684+23.22)/t KN/m2 = 39.9/t kN/m2 Substituting, z(compressive) = .125E(t/Do) = .125*2*10^(5)(t/2) N/m2 =12500t N/m2 Equating, t = 5.65mm

As per 2825-1969 minimum corroded skirt thickness is 7 mm. Providing 1mm corrosion allowance, ts = 8 mm (standard thickness).

Design of Skirt-bearing Plate:

Wmax = 151.75 kN A= (Do-l)l = .0149 m2 L=4m Mw=52416 Nm Z = {Rm}^ 2*l = 1.57 Rm = (Do-l)/2

find l to be 35mm.But this is very small so we take this as 100 mm i.e. l = 0.1 m.

Where, f = allowable stress = 96MN/m2 l = 100mm

M(max) = -

-3.5224 MJ

Tbp = (6M(max)/f)^.5 = 1.18e-2m If gussets are used at 100 mm spacing bearing plate thickness of 12mm will be mm with 62 gussets may be used. If number of gussets are reduced thicker plate will be required.

-Mw/Z = 0.338MN/m2

-3 MN. f= 57.3MN/m2

(arn)f = n.Pbolt arn=33mm2 ar=root area of bolt n=no. of bolts. For M 12 x 1.5, ar = 88 mm2. Hence 10 bolts requiered.