Answer to Assignment #01

Summer 2012

Q.1 On excitation of hydrogen, the electron of a hydrogen atom is excited to 6th energy level. (a) Calculate the energy required for this particular excitation. 2

Answer: The transition is from n=1 to n=6 . E1 = -2.178 x 10-18/n2 [Z=+1] [Z=+1] = -2.178 x 10-18/12 = -2.178 x 10-18 J = -2.178 x 10-18/62 = -6.05 x 10-20 J and E6 =-2.178 x 10-18/n2

So, Energy required will be E6-E1 = -6.05 x 10-20 J - ( -2.178 x 10-18 J ) -18 = 2.118 x 10 J (b) Indicate the possible transitions (from this level) giving rise to emission spectrum. 2 Answer:

n=6 n=5 n=4 n=3 n=2 n=1

(c)

IR IR IR visible UV

Calculate the wavelengths of the lines in the emission spectrum which will appear in (i) UV region (ii) infrared region and (iii) visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. 6

(i) Answer: For UV region , there is transition of electron from n=6 to n=1. So, E6-E1 = E =2.1175 x 10-18 J [From question No: 1(a)] = hc/ . i,e, = hc/ E = 6.63 x 10-34 (J.s.) x 3.00 x 108 (m/s)/(2.1175 x 10-18 J) = 9.39 x10-8 m (ii) For Infrared region , there is transition of electron from n=6 to n=3.

E6 = = -2.178 x 10-18/62 -2.42 x 10-19 J;

= -6.05 x 10-20 J ;

E 3 = -2.178 x 10-18/32 = 1.815 x 10-19 J

E = -6.05 x 10-20 J - (-2.42 x 10-19 J ) = i.e. -6 1.096 x 10 m

= hc/E = 6.63 x 10-34 x 3.00 x 108/( 1.815 x 10-19) =

.2. (iii) For visible region, there is transition of electron from n=6 to n=2. = -6.05 x 10-20 J ; E 2 = -2.178 x 10-18/22 = 4.84 x 10-19 J

E6 = = -2.178 x 10-18/62 -5.445 x 10-19 J ; E = i.e. 4.11 x 10-7 m

-6.05 x 10-20 J - (-5.445 x 10-19 J) =

= hc/E = 6.63 x 10-34 x 3.00 x 108/( 4.84 x 10-19 J) =

Q.2(a)The fastest serve by a cricketer is about 135 km per hour . Calculate the wavelength associated with a 1.0 x 10-2 - kg cricket ball travelling at this speed . 3 Answer: Given, m = 1.0 x 10-2 kg v = 135 km/h = 135 x 1000/3600 m/s So , = 37.5 m/s = 1.768 x 10-33 m

= h/mv = 6.63 x 10-34 (J)/( 1.0 x 10-2 Kg x 37.5 (m/s))

(b)

In order to see a very very small thing of the size of 0.0004 nm in diameter, one needs to use electron microscope using electron wave of wavelength of the size of 0.0008 nm. What should be the speed of an accelerating electron generating a wave of this size (I,e, 0.0008 nm)? 3

Answer: Given, Wavelength of the electron wave, = 0.0008 nm = 8 x 10-13 m Mass of an electron , m = 9.109 x 10 -31 Kg v = speed of the accelerating electron = ?

Using the de Broglie formula , = h/mv , we get v = h/ m = 6.63 x 10-34 J / (9.109 x 10 x 108 m/s
-31

Kg) (8 x 10-13 m) = 9.10

----3---

Q.3

When the electron of hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from a certain higher energy level to a lower energy level and the wavelength of the radiation emitted is found to be 486 nm. Calculate the value of the higher energy level. 4

Answer: Given, = 486 nm = 4.86 x 10-7 m which appears in the visible range ( i.e. in the line belonging to the Balmer series). It means , the electron undergoes from a higher energy level ( n = ? ) to 2nd energy level(n=2) .

E corresponding to 486 nm = hc/ = 6.63 x 10-34 x 3.00 x 108/( 4.86 x 10-7) = 4.09 x 10 -19 J E 2 = -2.178 x 10-18/22 = -5.445 x 10-19 J. ; E
n =

-2.178 x 10-18/n2 J + ( -5.445 x

E = E n - E 2 ; Or, E n = E + E 2 . = 4.09 x 10 10-19 J) = -1.355 x 10 -19 J So, -2.178 x 10-18/n2 = -1.355 x 10 -19 J Or, n2

-19

= - 2.178 x 10-18 J / -1.355 x 10 -19 J

After simplifying we get , n2 = 16.074 0r, the higher energy level has a value of n = 4 .