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Ahmed Kamal Team: Arturo Palau (EE) Chau Nguyen (EE) Issa Drame (EE) Adam Mohling (CprE) REPORT DISCLAIMER NOTICE
DISCLAIMER: This document was developed as a part of the requirements of an electrical and computer engineering course at Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. This document does not constitute a professional engineering design or a professional land surveying document. Although the information is intended to be accurate, the associated students, faculty, and Iowa State University make no claims, promises, or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, quality, or adequacy of the information. The user of this document shall ensure that any such use does not violate any laws with regard to professional licensing and certification requirements. This use includes any work resulting from this studentprepared document that is required to be under the responsible charge of a licensed engineer or surveyor. This document is copyrighted by the students who produced this document and the associated faculty advisors. No part may be reproduced without the written permission of the senior design course coordinator.
23 September 2005
Table of Contents 1. Introductory Material...........................................................................................5 2. Proposed approach............................................................................................9 3. Statement of work.............................................................................................24 4. RESOURCES...................................................................................................33 5. Schedule ..........................................................................................................34 6. Closure material................................................................................................37 References...........................................................................................................38
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i.
List of Tables
Table 4.1 Personnel Hours ..28 Table 4.2 Financial Layout28
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ii.
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 System Operation Flow Diagram. 7 Figure 5.1 General Summary of Project Schedule.....29 Figure 5.2 Project Reporting Schedule............30 Figure 5.3 Project Development Schedule......31
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iii.
List of Definitions
GSM (Global System for Mobile communications); is a cellular communication standard. DTMF (dual-tone multi-frequency): is used for telephone signaling over the line in the voice frequency band to the call switching center. GPRS (General Packet Radio Service): is a mobile data service offered to GSM mobile users. SMS (short message service): is a service available on most digital mobile phones that permit the sending of short messages (also known as text messaging service). M2M (machine to machine): concept of communications between a device containing some amount of data and another device that requires the use of that data.
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1. INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL
This section will introduce the project. It also will state the basic problem, and the basic characteristics of the project, such as operating environment, users, etc.
1.1.
Abstract
The objective of this project is to enable users to remotely control their home appliances and systems using a cell phone-based interface. To access the control unit, the user should send an authentication code along with the required/desired function/action to his/her home control system via GSM. Upon being properly authenticated, the cell phone-based interface at home (control unit) would relay the commands to a microcontroller that would perform the required function/action, and return a function completion code that would be sent to the source of the original command (users cell phone).
1.2.
Acknowledgements
Special thanks are extended to Professor Ahmed Kamal for his support and mentorship towards the development and success of this project.
1.3.
Problem Statement
The objective of this project is to develop a device that allows for a user to remotely control and monitor multiple home appliances using a cellular phone. This system will be a powerful and flexible tool that will offer this service at any time, and from anywhere with the constraints of the technologies being applied. Possible target appliances include (but are not limited to) climate control systems, security systems, and lights; anything with an electrical interface. The proposed approach for designing this system is to implement a microcontroller-based control module that receives its instructions and commands from a cellular phone over the GSM network. The microcontroller then will carry out the issued commands and then communicate the status of a given appliance or device back to the cellular phone. For security purposes, a means of identification and user authentication will be implemented, and will combine caller identification with a password authorization.
1.4.
Operating Environment
The control system will include two separate units: the cellular phone, and the control unit. There will therefore be two operating environments. The cellular phone will operate indoors and outdoors whereas the control unit will operate indoors within the temperature and humidity limits for proper operation of the hardware.
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1.5.
This product is aimed toward average consumers who wish to control household appliances remotely from their cell phones provided that the appliances are electrically controllable. Example of feasible appliances and applications under consideration include; enable/disable security systems, fans, lights, kitchen appliances, and adjusting the temperatures settings of a heating/ventilation/air conditioning system.
1.6.
1.) 2.) 3.) 4.) 5.)
Assumptions
The user and control unit will establish communication via GSM. The cell phone and service provider chosen will support text messaging service. The user is familiar with the text messaging program on their cell phone. All service charges from service provider apply. The controlled appliances can will have to have an electrical interface in order to be controlled by microcontroller.
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1.7.
1.) 2.) 3.) 4.) 5.) 6.) 7.)
Limitations
The receiver must reside in a location where a signal with sufficient strength can be received from a cellular phone network. The only person who can communicate with the control module is the person who will be successfully authenticated. Only devices with electrical controlling input ports will be possible targets for control. The controlled devices will have I/O ports that will make communication with the receiver possible. The receiver must have a power source (120V) attached at all times. Operation of the controlling unit is only possible through a cell phone with SMS messaging capabilities. The controlling unit must be able to receive and decode SMS messages.
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1.8.
1.)
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2. PROPOSED APPROACH
This section outlines the criteria that will be considered in the development of the control system.
2.1.
1.) 2.)
Functional Requirements
The control unit will have the ability to connect to the cellular network automatically. The control unit will be able to receive text messages and will be able to parse and interpret (ASCII) text messages for password identification and instructions to be sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller within the control unit will issue its command to the electrical appliances through a simple control circuit. The control unit will control the electrical appliances and detect the status of the appliances to be relay back to the microcontroller. The microcontroller within the control unit should be able to send status messages back to the cellular phone through the cellular network. The system should provide user authentication through cell phone number identification and/or password verification contained within the (SMS) text message.
6.)
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2.2.
1.) 2.) 3.)
Constraints Considerations
The controlled appliances will need an electrical control interface. This simple system is only capable of controlling electrical devices. The control module will need to be shielded against electrostatic discharges. This will increase reliability of the system. Battery backup for controlling unit will be implemented in case of power disruption. This is necessary to provide the user with status messages such as power failure - system unavailable. With this information, the user knows that communication with the system has been established. If there was not return message sent, the user has no knowledge of whether the message was received by the controlling unit.
2.3.
Technology Considerations
The considerations for this system will include a choice of networks, communication protocols, and interfaces. 1.) Cellular Networks: The widely available networks are based on GSM. This network provides a wide area of coverage and can be utilized more cost-effectively for this project. Communication protocols: The available communication protocols are DTMF, GPRS and SMS. The SMS is the most efficient because this project requires a cellular communication and limited data to be sent. I/O interfaces between microcontroller and devices: Serial or parallel I/O will be considered as options for connection between the GSM receiver and the microcontroller. Using the microcontroller, a control circuit will be implemented to control the electrical appliances.
2.)
3.)
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2.4.
1.)
Technical Approach
Assuming that the control unit is powered and operating properly, the process of controlling a home device will proceed through the following steps: The remote user sends text messages including authentication information and commands to the receiver. GSM receiver receives messages sent from user cell phone. GSM receiver parses the string for the authentication information, and the commands. GSM receiver sends the commands to the microcontroller. Microcontroller issues commands to the appliances. Microcontroller checks for completion status and sent it back to the GSM receiver. GSM receiver informs the remote user of the outcome of their request by sending a completion status message back to remote user in the form of another SMS message.
Lamp
Securit y System
Appliances
Perform required instruction s
Cell Phone
Send text message Receive status message
GSM chip
Issue command Decode incoming message Send instruction to appliance Monitor completion status
Fan
Garage Door
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2.5.
Testing Requirements
The following testing requirements will be indicators that the system can successfully be implemented.
1.)
The GSM receiver will be tested for successful communication with network. This will test include automation and consistency of the connection and will be conducted by a team member in the following way: The cellular phone will dial the GSM receivers number Once the connection is established a stream of data will be send to the GSM receiver. The GSM receiver will be given data to be transmitted to the cellular phone.
Success/Failure criteria: The data received will be observed on both ends to verify its consistency. The test will be considered successful if the integrity of the sent and received data is maintained up/downstream. It will be considered a failure otherwise. 2.) The GSM to microcontroller driver will be tested by verifying the integrity of command strings sent from the remote user. The following procedure will be performed in majority by a CprE team member: The remote user will send a command to the control module. The contents of the data stream will be observed at the GSM communication port. These contents will be compared with those received and stored at the microcontrollers corresponding communication port. The procedure will be repeated in reverse with microcontroller sending a data steam to the GSM receiver. the
Success/Failure criteria: The test will be considered successful if the integrity of the data sent up/downstream is maintained. It will be considered a failure otherwise.
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3.)
The GSM receiver will be tested for successful communication with network. This will test include automation and consistency of the connection and will be conducted by team members in the following way: The cellular phone will dial the GSM receivers number. Once the connection is established a stream of data will be send to the GSM receiver. The GSM receiver will be given data to be transmitted to the cellular phone.
Success/Failure criteria: The data received will be observed on both ends to verify its consistency. The test will be considered successful if the integrity of the sent and received data is maintained up/downstream. It will be considered a failure otherwise. 4.) The GSM to microcontroller driver will be tested by verifying the integrity of command strings sent from the remote user. The following procedure will be performed by team members for this phase: The remote user will send a command to the control module. The contents of the data stream will be observed at the GSM communication port. These contents will be compared with those received and stored at the microcontrollers corresponding communication port. The procedure will be repeated in reverse with microcontroller sending a data steam to the GSM receiver. the
Success/Failure criteria: The test will be considered successful if the integrity of the data sent up/downstream is maintained. It will be considered a failure otherwise.
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5.)
Proper decoding of the remote users commands and issuance of the equivalent commands to the controlled device will be performed by team members using the following procedure: A simulated instruction will be fed to the microcontroller communication port. The output command at the I/O interface with the corresponding controlled device will be observed.
Success/Failure criteria: The test will be considered a success if the resulting command issued from the microcontroller is sent to the right I/O address for the desired controlled device and if that command is consistent with the command which is expected. The test will be considered a failure otherwise. 6.) The I/O commands voltage will be tested to meet the levels required to actuate the individual devices. The following procedure will be performed by EE team members: A simulated command from the microcontroller will be written to its I/O port. The output voltage at the desired devices control interface will be measured to verify its strength.
Success/Failure criteria: The test will be considered successful if the simulated command from the microcontroller causes the proper voltage to be observed at the desired devices control interface.
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7.)
The scaling circuit from the controlled devices to the I/O will be tested for proper operation. This will be tested by EE team members: The controlled devices will be manually triggered to force the desired voltage. The output of the scaling circuit will be measured.
Success/Failure criteria: The testing will be considered successful if the measured output voltage is properly scaled to the microcontrollers required input value. The test will be considered a failure otherwise. 8.) The ability of I/O to detect an input voltage and store a value in the microcontrollers memory will be tested by team members: Test voltages to the input of the I/O will be applied. The contents of the memory shall be checked for validity.
Success/Failure criteria: The testing will be considered successful if the values of the memory are as expected. The test will be considered a failure otherwise. 9.) The circuits power surge protection will be tested for acceptable performance by EE team members using the following procedure: The circuits power supply will be removed from the circuit and connected to a dummy load. A simulated voltage spike will be inputted by using a step signal from a signal generator. The output voltage and current will be measured at the load.
Success/Failure criteria: The success of the test will be determined by verifying that the output signal to the dummy load falls with the tolerance indicated by the microcontroller and the GSM chips manufacturers. The test will be considered a failure if the measured characteristics of the power supplys output do not meet the manufacturers requirements.
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10.)
The password authentication will be tested for proper operation. The following procedure will be performed by team members: The password protection of the code will be run in debug mode. A simulated mix of correct and incorrect passwords will be sent to the microcontroller The response of the microcontroller will be observed for each of the inputted passwords.
Success/Failure criteria: The testing will be considered successful if the microcontroller grants access to all the right passwords and none of the wrong passwords. The test will be considered a failure otherwise. 11.) The ability of an I/O status to trigger the execution of status messaging subroutine will be tested as well as the ability to send the resulting status to the remote user. The following procedure will be performed by team members: A simulated device status will be written to the I/O in debug mode. The simulated status will trigger the execution of the microcontrollers device status notification subroutine The subroutine output will be checked prior to being sent to the GSM chip. Verification that the status message was received by the user cell phone will be performed.
Success/Failure criteria: The testing will be considered successful if the simulated I/O triggers execution of the subroutine and if the correct status message is sent to the GSM chip and that status message is received by the cell phone. The test will be considered a failure otherwise. 12.) The end-product functionalities will be tested by team members and non-team members in the following way: Team members will ensure that all subsystems function properly together from remote user command to execution and back to completion status notification.
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Non-team members from the general public will be allowed to access and use the control unit for a frame of time. Afterward, the non-team member testing subjects will fill out a survey on the end-products functionalities, ease of use, difficulties, etc.
Success/Failure criteria: The testing will be considered a success if the testing subjects find the end-product user friendly, and easy to figure out.
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2.6.
Security Considerations
A combination of cellular phone number identification by the receiver chip and password authentication will be used to validate user requests. This security measures can be implemented in both the GSM receiver and the microcontroller. 1.) The system will only be able to be controlled by SMS messages sent over a cellular network. The only interface to the controlling system will be the GSM microcontroller. Possible testing procedures: 1.a) Team members will try communicating with the microcontroller through a device that does not support SMS messages. Successful test: The system discards the incoming connection and does not try to execute any operation. Failed test: The systems attempts control of an appliance 2.) The password will be sent along with the SMS message. The SMS message will be parsed and look for the password. If the password is not sent with the SMS message, the command will be discarded. Possible testing procedures: 2.a) Team members will try to send a command to the microcontroller with incorrect or no password. Successful test: The command is discarded because of failed user authentication. Failed test: The system attempts control of an appliance.
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2.7.
1.)
Safety Considerations
The end-product will be enclosed in grounded metal case. This measure is necessary for protecting the delicate circuit components of the end-product and allows the end-product to be relocated easily. Proper ventilation to keep system cool will be implemented. This can be done attached a small cooling fan into the metal case. Proper wiring and insulation will be implemented to avoid damages and harm to user. Incoming power will be regulated by connecting the system to a standard 120V outlet through a surge protector.
2.8.
1.) 2.)
Intellectual Property
This project shall not infringe upon any patents of existing similar products This project shall be the intellectual ownership of its creation team.
2.9.
Commercialization
Possible customers for this product would be home improvement contractors, and supply stores. The benefit of this is the end-product can be sold in large quantities and it can be incorporated into the construction of modernize homes. The end-product will be not be sold in retails stores because reconfiguring of the end-product to control different electrical appliances will be complicated and it should only be attempted by trained technicians. Retail stores would also not be a good target for commercialization due to the system requiring a cellular phone plan in order to operate. Advertising through cellular phone providers would be a more feasible option.
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7.)
Coding is complete and tested This milestone will be used to track that the coding process has been completed. This milestone will pass if a message can be sent to the controlling unit, be parsed, decoded and send the proper controlling information to the I/O. If a message can not be detected by the microcontroller or the message can not be parsed properly this milestone will fail.
8.)
Final testing phase is completed This milestone will be used to identify when the product is ready for commercialization. When all identified test cases have been executed with the expected result this milestone will pass.
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3. STATEMENT OF WORK
3.1.
1.)
2.)
3.)
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3.2.
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
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3.3.
1.)
2.)
3.)
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3.4.
1.)
2.)
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3.5.
1.)
2.)
3.)
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3.6.
1.)
2.)
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3.7.
1.)
Subtask 7a Demonstration Planning Task Objective: The objective of demonstration planning is to prepare the team for the demonstration of the end product the faculty advisors and the industrial review panel. Task Approach: The team will prepare for the presentation by: Reviewing relevant documentation. Preparing visual aids. Rehearsing a thorough and complete demonstration of the physical end-product. Assigning roles for presentation. Ensuring that end-product is not damaged and that it will perform as tested during development. Task Expected Results: As a result of this preparation, the team should have a well rehearsed and flawless demonstration. This entails concise and effective speak, as well as successful operation of the end-product according to the functional requirements set forth. Subtask 7b Faculty Advisors Demonstration Task Objective: The objective of the demonstration will be to prove the successful completion of the project to the faculty advisors and to inform them of the design and process that were applied. A secondary purpose will be to invite feedback that would be applied to the industrial review panel demonstration. Task Approach: The demonstration will be a combination of oral presentation and physical demonstration of the end-product, after which there will be a question and answer session. Task Expected Results: The expected result is a successful demonstration, in which the faculty advisors are satisfied and impressed by the success of the project. Subtask 7c Industrial Review Panel Demonstration Task Objective: The objective of the demonstration will be to prove the successful completion of the project to industrial review panel and to inform them on the design and process that were applied. Task Approach: The demonstration will be a combination of oral presentation and physical demonstration of the end-product, after which there will be a question and answer session. Task Expected Results: The expected result is a successful demonstration, in which the industrial review panel is satisfied and impressed by the success of the project and approves of its sound design.
2.)
3.)
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3.8.
1.)
Subtask 8a Project Plan Task Objective: The objective of the project plan is to involve the team in thinking ahead, by laying out an outline of the tasks that will make up the project. Task Approach: The approach to the project plan is the following: Refer to course notes for details of the plan that need to be explored Brainstorm as a team and come to a consensus about the respective parts of the project indicated in the plan. Divide writing tasks among team members, and synthesize project plan from all contributions. Task Expected Results: The end-result of the project plan is a detailed layout of the projected flow of the project. From the project plan, the team should have a schedule to follow, in order to complete project on time. Subtask 8b Project Poster Task Objective: The objective of the project poster is to come up a visual aid summarizing the purpose, approach, effort, and capabilities of the end product. Task Approach: The approach to developing a project poster will be as follows Team will collect the relevant information to be displayed on the poster Team will discuss the desired appearance of the poster Either the members will contribute graphics to the poster, or a talented and artistic member will be responsible for the visual design or the poster Budget constraint will be applied to the printing and lamination of the poster Based on the constraints, a printing company will be selected to print poster The final design will then be submitted to the selected company for printing Task Expected Results: The project will be attractive in design and concisely informative to the reader.
2.)
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3.)
Subtask 8c Design Report Task Objective: The objective of the design report is to document in detail the design of the end product. Task Approach: The design report will require the following to fulfill its objective Detailed drawings, schematics, calculations, simulation results and steps and drawings A detailed description of the parts in the design and of the mechanics of their interaction supported by the documents mentioned in the first bullet. To be able to provide the outlined documentation, the team will save all documents in hardcopy forms. Task Expected Results: The result of a design report should be a detailed document that can be used as a reference to implement the design.
4.)
Subtask 8d Final Report Task Objective: The objective of the final report is to provide a complete history of the project from start to end. Task Approach: The final report will synthesize the design of the endproduct with the history of the project. The approach that will be used in developing the final report will be the following: Gather all relevant documents (design, calculations, test runs etc) Divide writing duties List all important events (including all details that should be noted) List problems encountered Merge documents Task Expected Results: The final design will be the most complete document of the project and will give the user a good understanding of the overall process that was required to complete the project. Subtask 8e Weekly Email Reporting Task Objective: The objective of the weekly email report is to inform the team, faculty advisor, and the client of the progress of the project. Task Approach: A person will be designated the communicator, and will keep track of the minutes of all meeting and of the documentation. That person will send out an email to the project mail list every week by set deadline. Task Expected Results: The weekly email report will give everyone on the mailing list an update on the progress of the project.
5.)
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4. RESOURCES
The information in this section outlines the people and projected hours to be spent on the various sections outlined in this document.
4.1.
Personnel
Table 4.1 Personnel Hours
These are the team members that will be developing this project.
Personnel Task Task Name 1 2 Drame, Issa 5 12 V Mohling, 5 12 Adam David Nguyen, 5 10 Chau Vinh Palau, 5 10 Arturo Other 0 0 Resources Totals 20 44 Other Resources
Task 3 20 15 20 25 0 80
Task 4 35 50 35 0 0 120
The team will request volunteers to try out the system and see if they can utilize the systems service. If individuals with no prior knowledge of how the system works are handed a user manual and given the system, the test would be to see if they could in fact operate the system.
4.2.
Financial Requirements
4.2.1 Project must be completed within senior design project budget ($150). Table 4.2 Financial Layout Item Labor at $10.30 per hour: a. Palau, Arturo b. Mohling, Adam David c. Nguyen, Chau Vinh d. Drame, Issa V Totals W/O Labor $-$-$-$-$150 With Labor $721.00 $1843.70 $1751.00 $1771.60 $6237.30
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5. SCHEDULE
5.1. General Summary of Project Schedule
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5.2.
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5.3.
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6. CLOSURE MATERIAL
This closure material consists of client, faculty advisor, and team information, as well as a project summary and references.
6.1.
Client Information
Prof. Ralph Patterson III 326 Town Engineering Ames, IA 50012 (515) 294-2428 repiii@iastate.edu
Senior Design, Iowa State University Dr. John W. Lamont 324 Town Engineering Ames, IA 50012 (515) 294-3600 jwlamont@ee.iastate.edu
6.2.
Prof. Ahmed E. Kamal, Professor Iowa State University Ames, IA 50011-3060 (515) 294-3580 kamal@iastate.edu
6.3.
Arturo Palau EE 80 Linden Devitt Ames, IA 50011 (515)708-3812(Cell) apalau@iastate.edu Issa Drame EE 4335 Frederickson Court Ames, IA 50010 (515)572-7820 issad@iastate.edu
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6.4.
Closing Summary
The extensive capabilities of this system are what make it so interesting. From the convenience of a simple cell phone, a user is able to control and monitor virtually any electrical device in a household. This makes it possible for users to rest assured that their belongings are secure, that the garage door is shut, and that the television was not left running when they left the house to just list a few of the many uses of this system. The end product will have a simplistic design making it easy for users to interact with. This will be essential because of the wide range of technical knowledge that homeowners have.
REFERENCES
Senior Design Course Notes Iowa State University Available at http://seniord.ee.iastate.edu/notes/
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