1

Contractions Personal pronoun + auxiliary verb

Contacted Forms Im Ill youre you'll he's he'd she'll it's we're we'll they're they'll Pronunciation /Ym / /Yl / /jC / /jUl / /hiz / /hid / /Fil / /Its / /wT / /wil / /PH / /PSl / Normal Forms I am I will; I shall you are you will he is; he has he would; he had she will it is; it has we are we will they are they will Contacted Forms Ive Id youve you'd he'll she's she'd it'll we've we'd they've they'd Pronunciation /Yv / /Yd / /jUv / /jUd / /hil / /Fiz / /Fid / /Itl$ / /wiv / /wid / /PSv / /PSd / Normal Forms I have I would; I should; I had you have you would; you had he will she is; she has she would; she had it will we have we would; we had they have they would; they had

Auxilliary verb + not

Contacted Forms aren't couldn't didn't don't haven't isn't mightn't needn't shan't wasn't won't Pronunciation /Ant / /Kkhudnt / /KdIdnt / /dXnt / /KhWvnt / /KIznt/ /KmYtnt/ /Knidnt/ /FAnt / /Kwaznt / /wXnt / Normal Forms are not could not did not do not have not is not might not need not shall not was not will not Contacted Forms can't daren't doesn't hasn't hadn't mayn't mustn't oughtn't shouldn't weren't wouldn't Pronunciation /khAnt / /dHnt / /KdVznt/ /KhWznt / /KhWdnt / /mSnt/ /KmVsnt / /KCtnt / /KFudnt / /wGnt / /Kwudnt / Normal Forms can not dare not does not has not had not may not must not ought not should not were not would not

Other common contractions

Contacted Forms here's that's how's what's where's who'd Pronunciation /hTz / /PWts / /hyz / /wats / /wHz / /hUd/ Normal Forms here is that is how is? what is? where is? who would; who had? Contacted Forms there's that'll what'll when's who's who'll Pronunciation /PHz / /KPWtl$ / /Kwatl$ / /wEnz / /hUz / /hUl/ Normal Forms there is that will what will when is? who is? who will?

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Teaching of English Pronunciation through Games by Muhammad Saqib Zaigham

Weak form words

words Phonetic transcript of weak forms Explanation

the

Pe (before consonant sounds) Pi (before vowel sounds)

shut the door KFVt Pe KdC Wait for the end KwSt fe Pi End Read a book Krid e Kbuk eat an apple Kit en KWpl$ Come and see KkVm en Ksi fish and chips KfIF n$ KDIps Its good but expensive Its Kgud bet IkKspEnsIv
The price is the thing that annoys me.

a an and

e (before consonant sounds) en (before vowel sounds) en (sometimes n$ after t,d,s,z,F)

but

bet Pet (when used in a relative clause) Pen Iz (when it occurs before a noun) e (before consonant sounds) er (before vowel sounds) je (before consonant sounds ) jer (before vowel sounds)

that

Pe KprYs Iz Pe KRIN Pet eKnJz mi

Better than ever than his KbEte Pen KEve Take his name KtSk Iz KnSm her Take her home KtSk e hXm Take her out KtSk er Kyt Take your time KtSk je KtYm On your own Kan jer KXn Why did she read it she

your

F|

KwY dId F| Krid It Who is she? KhU KIz F|?

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Teaching of English Pronunciation through Games by Muhammad Saqib Zaigham

Weak form words words

he

Phonetic transcript of weak forms

Explanation Which did he choose KwID dId | KDUz He was late, wasnt he? h| wez KlSt Kwazn$t |? How can we get there?

(it is usually pronounced without h

except at the beginning of a sentence)

we

w|

Khy ken w| KgEt PH? We need that, dont we? w| nid PWt dXnt w|? What do you think?

you

j#

Kwat de j# KRINk? You like it do you? j# KlYk It KdU j#? Leave him alone

him

Im

Kliv Im eKlXn Ive seen him Yv Ksin Im Ask her to come

her

KAsk e te KkVm Ive met her Yv KmEt e Leave them here

them

Pem

Kliv Pem KhT Eat them Kit Pem Write us a letter

us

es

KrYt es e KlEte They invited all of us PS InKvYtId KCl ev es

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Teaching of English Pronunciation through Games by Muhammad Saqib Zaigham

Weak form words

words Phonetic transcript of weak forms Explanation

Ill see you at lunch

at

et Wt fe
(In final position)

Yl Ksi j# et KlVnD Whats he shooting at? wats | KFUtIN Wt?

(before consonant sounds)

Tea for two

Kti fe KtU

for

Thanks for asking

fer fC

(before vowel sounds)

KRWNks fer KAskIN Whats that for? Wats KPWt fC? Im home from work

from

frem fram ev

Ym KhXm frem KwGk Where does it come from? wH dez It kVm fram?
Most of all KmXst ev KCl Someone Ive heard of KsVmwVn Yv KhGd av Try to stop KtrY te stap

of

av te

(in final position)

to

t# t#

(before vowel sounds (in final position)

Time to eat

KtYm t# Kit

I dont want to Y KdXnt Kwant t#

As much as possible
as

ez Wz
(in final position)

ez KmVD ez Kpasebl$
Thats what it was sold as KPWts

Kwat It wez KsXld Wz

sem
some

(before uncountable nouns

meaning an unspecified amount of AND before plural nouns meaning an unspecified number of )

Have some more tea KhWv sem KmC ti

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Teaching of English Pronunciation through Games by Muhammad Saqib Zaigham

Weak form words

words there Phonetic transcript of weak forms Explanation

Pe (before consonant sounds) Per (before vowel sounds)

There should be a rule Pe KFud b| e KrUl There is Per KIz

They can wait KPS ken

can could

ken ked ev ez ed

KwSt He could do it Khi ked KdU It

have

Which have you seen KwID ev jU Ksin

has

Which has been best? KwID ez bin KbEst? Most had gone home KmXst ed Kgan KhXm We shall need to hurry w| Fl$ Knid te KhVr| I should forget it KY Fed feKgEt It
You must try harder

had

shall

Fel or Fl$ Fed

mes (before consonant sounds) mest (before vowel sounds)

should must

j# mes KtrY KhAde

He must eat more h| mest Kit KmC Why do they like it? do

de (before consonant sounds) d# (before vowel sounds)

KwY de PS KlYk It? Why do all the cars stop? KwY d# Cl Pe KkAz Kstap? Why am I here? KwY em Y KhT Shes not as old as I am F|z Knat ez KXld ez KY Wm

am

em Wm (In the final position)

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Teaching of English Pronunciation through Games by Muhammad Saqib Zaigham

Weak form words words Phonetic transcript of weak forms are e (before consonant sounds) er (before vowel sounds) A (In final position) was wez waz (In the final position) Here are the plates KhTr e Pe KplSts The coats are in there Pe KkXts er In KPH I know the Sehgals are Y KnX Pe KsEhgelz A He was here a minute ago
h| wez hTr e KmInIt eKgX

Explanation

The last record was Pe KlAst KrEkCd waz

were

we (before consonant sounds) wer (before vowel sounds) wG (In the final position)

The papers were late Pe KpSpez we KlSt The questions were easy Pe kwEsDenz wer iz| PS KwGnt ez KkXld ez Kwi wG

HPD- All rights reserved

. making learning reliable and durable.

Teaching of English Pronunciation through Games by Muhammad Saqib Zaigham