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Hybrid rice to overcome the food crisis?

By AHMAD FAHMY ASHRIQ ashriq.ahmad @ utusan.com.my

"I see the ability to extend the hybrid rice in the country and to understand the rice growing area is immense. "I also hope that the hybrid rice industry in Malaysia continues to grow. It will solve the problem of shortage of rice in Malaysia and I expect within three years from now, hybrid rice will be commercialized." So said Mahathir Science Award Recipient (MSA) in 2011, Assoc. Yuan Long Ping from China at the forum entitled Are Hyb rid Rice Can Prevent Food Crisis? ' in the capital recently.

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Long Ping, 81, received a special award for their achievements MSA increase rice yield, which is the main food of tropical people. He is also known as the Father of Hybrid Rice received the award from former Prime Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, the day before the forum was held in conjunction with the MSA, In the meantime, according to Long Ping, the development of hybrid rice is the most effective and economical method in order to overcome the shortage of rice. "There are many methods to solve the shortage of rice around the world especially in Asia, but the most effective and economical method is to develop hybrid rice industry," he said. As such, he was considered a 'savior' in the middle of the problems the world faces the possibility of imminent food crisis problem.
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The success he produced a new variety of rice which can increase rice production seen at the same time one of the solutions to the shortage of food in the world. But is it really capable of handling the world's food problems? Severe famine in China in 1958 until 1961, has prompted Long Ping focuses on the study to increase rice production in the country. He finally gave up on the theory of cross breeding and hybrid technique artificially to produce new rice varieties. Through study and observation of hybrid corn in the process, he has found a way to use a hybrid technique to improve rice production. When the news of the hybrid rice has spread to the scientific community in the west, including many who do not believe the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines who has conducted similar studies before 1962 and finally succumbed due to inaccessibility. Hybrid rice technology means seeds produced through biotechnology mergers and hybrids of several different types of seedlings to produce new products of better quality. Therefore, how hybrid rice produced? Long Ping using two different species of Indica rice and Japonica. It in cud to pollinate one of the rice species with the pollen of another species. For example, they use rice pollen species of Japonica rice Indica male to female and vice versa. The cross-pollination has produced hybrid rice varieties that have greater physical shape and able to produce higher rates of rice. Hybrid rice will not only increase production but also helps reduce the opening and land use.

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However, there are some difficulties that were identified. Among these seeds can not be produced on a large scale in other countries and price rather than the price of ordinary rice seeds. It caused problems for poor farmers who grow rice only on a small scale and do not have a large amount of capital. Hybrid rice is also seen only benefit those who have implemented large-scale agriculture and large-scale production. The question frequently asked is how the hybrid rice could be planted and to help the majority of farmers who can not afford to buy seed and plant it. In fact, according to Long Ping, hybrid rice is also only suitable for planting in certain situations and areas that have good and perfect waters. To date, the hybrid rice seed must be purchased through China and can not be provided by other countries. If viewed in terms of rice production on a large scale, it is only profitable major players in the industry. But if seen also in terms of durability, flexibility to help the less able, it is quite impossible. Further, the lack of cultivation of Japonica rice varieties in China due to the reduction of area as most of the area has been planted hybrid rice. This phenomenon has caused a decrease in ultimate quality rice to produce high quality seeds.
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In addition to high quality seeds is also difficult to produce, the quality of rice produced is also a decreasing trend, and should be improved. Unlike other rice varieties that offer a particular taste and quality of hybrid rice is really only offers a high output to meet the nutritional needs alone. There is also the question of whether the world is too dependent on how hybrid rice in case of natural disasters in China, which is known that the main center of hybrid rice breeding. However, study after study will continue by the scientists involved to get the right solution. To be sure, success in producing hybrid rice is a door to more research needs to be done. In 2004, hybrid rice was entering Malaysia. Long Ping to share experiences on how hybrid rice cultivation methods in each sermon. Through the cooperation of the Perlis State Government has developed a Hybrid Rice Research Center Perlis and he as chief consultant and research details will be expanded.

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