DSP Lab Using Mat Lab

www.Vidyarthiplus.
in (VP)
www.vidyarthiplus.in
Thanks to:
Ganesh Murthy
Document name: DSP Lab Us

Using MATLAB
Powered by VidyarthiPlus.in
Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)
www.Vidyarthiplus.in (VP)
DESIGN OF IIR FILTER BUTTERWORTH

clc
wp=input('enter the pass band edge freq.in r/sec=');
ap=input('enter the pass band riple in db=');
ws=input('enter the stop band edge freq.in r/sec=');
as=input('enter the stop band ripple in db=');
Fs=input('enter the sampling freq=');
[n,Wn]=buttord(wp,ws,ap,as,'s');
disp('the order of filter is n=');
disp(n);
[num,den]=butter(n,Wn,'s');
[b,a]=bilinear(num,den,Fs)
freqz(b,a,512,Fs);
grid on;
xlabel('freq in Hz');
ylabel('Gain in db');
title('Frequency response of the filter');
OUTPUT FOR BUTTERWORTH:

enter the pass band edge freq.in r/sec=0.2*pi
enter the pass band riple in db=0.6*pi
enter the stop band edge freq.in r/sec=1.6
enter the stop band ripple in db=11.8
enter the sampling freq=1
the order of filter is n=
2
b=
0.0971
0.1941
0.0971
1.0000 -0.9463
0.3346
a=
DESIGN OF IIR FILTER USING IMPULSE INVARIANCE

wp=input('enter the pass band frequency in rad');
ws=input('enter the stop band frequency in rad');
rp=input('enter the pass band frequency in ripple');
as=input('enter the stop band frequency in ripple');
T=input('enter the time period');
Fs=1/T;
omegap=(2/T)*tan(wp/2);
omegas=(2/T)*tan(ws/2);
[cs,ds]=afd_butt(omegap,omegas,rp,as)
[b,a]=bilinear(cs,ds,Fs);
[cs,ds]=afd_butt(omegap,omegas,rp,as)
func(b,a)=afd_butt(omegap,omegas,rp,as)
if omegas<=0
error('pass band edge must be larger then pass band edge');
end
if omegas<=omegap
error('stop band edge must be larger then pass band edge');
end
if(rp<=0)|(as<0)
error('pass band ripple and pass band attenuation must be larger then zero');
end
a=(10^(0.1*as)-1)/(10^(0.1*rp)-1);
b=sqart(a);
c=log10(b);
d=omegas/omegap;
e=log10(d);
N=ceil(c/e);
fprintf('\n butterworth filter order=%2f\n':N);
omegac=omegap/(((10^(0.1*rp))-1)^(1/(2*N)));
fprintf('\n omegac=%2f\n',omegac);
[b,a]=u_buttapl(N,omegac);
[z,P,k]=buttap(n);
P=P*omegac;
k=k*omagac^N;
b=real(poly(z));
b0=k;
b=k*b;
a=real(poly(p));
OUT PUT FOR IMPULSE INVARIANCE

enter the pass band edge freq.in r/sec=0.2*pi
enter the pass band riple in db=0.6*pi
enter the stop band edge freq.in r/sec=1.6
enter the stop band ripple in db=11.8
enter the sampling freq=1
the order of filter is n=
2
b=
0.0971
0.1941
0.0971
1.0000 -0.9463
0.3346
a=
STABILITY OF LTI SYSTEM:

clc
b=[1 2];
a=[3 4 5];
w=0:0.01:pi/2;
H=freqz(b,a,w);
subplot(3,1,1);
plot(w,H);
xlabel('w');
ylabel('Frequency');
tf(b,a)
A=abs(H);
subplot(3,1,2);
plot(w,A);
xlabel('W');
ylabel('magnitude');
B=angle(H);
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(w,B);
xlabel('w');
ylabel('phase');
% FREQUENCY RESPONSE
b=[1 2];
a=[3 4 5];
w=0:0.01:pi/2;
freqz(b,a,w);
tf(b,a)
OUTPUT FOR STABILITY OF LTI SYSTEM:
Transfer function for time response:

s+2
--------------3 s^2 + 4 s + 5
GRAPH FOR TIME RESPONSE:
Transfer function for frequency response:

s+2
--------------3 s^2 + 4 s + 5
GRAPH FOR FREQUENCY RESPONSE:
REPRESENTATION OF BASIC SIGNALS:

% sine wave
t=0:0.01:1;
a=2;
b=a*sin(2*pi*2*t);
subplot(3,3,1);
stem(t,b);
xlabel('time');
ylabel('Amplitude');
title ('sinewave');
% Cosine wave
t=0:0.01:1;
a=2;
b=a*cos(2*pi*2*t);
subplot(3,3,2);
stem(t,b);
xlabel('time');
title ('Cos wave');
% Square wave
t=0:0.01:1;
a=2;
b=a*square(2*pi*2*t);
subplot(3,3,3);
stem(t,b);
xlabel('time');
title ('square wave');
% Exponential waveform
t=0:0.01:1;
a=2;
b=a*exp(2*pi*2*t);
subplot(3,3,4);
stem(t,b);
xlabel('time');
title ('exponential wave');
%sawtooth
t=0:0.01:1;
a=2;
b=a*sawtooth(2*pi*2*t);
subplot(3,3,5);
stem(t,b);
xlabel('time');
title ('sawtooth wave');
% unit step signal
n=-5:5;
a = [zeros(1,5),ones(1,6)];
subplot(3,3,6);
stem(n,a);
Xlabel ('time');
Ylabel ('amplitude');
title('Unit step');
% unit impulse
n=-5:5;
a = [zeros(1,5),ones(1,1),zeros(1,5)];
subplot(3,3,7);
stem(n,a);
Xlabel ('time');
Ylabel ('amplitude');
title('Unit impulse');
OUTPUT FOR REPRESENTATION OF BASIC SIGNALS:
COMPUTATION OF CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION:

clc;
clear all;
close all;
x=input('enter the sequence');
h=input('enter the imp response');
% no of samples in x
n1=length(x);
n2=length(h);
n3=n1+n2-1;
n=max(n1,n2);
if(n3>=0)
h=[h,zeros(1,n3)];
else
x=[n,zeros(1,-n3)];
end;
for a =1:n
y(a)=0;
for i=1:n
j=a-i+1;
if(j<=0)
j=n+j;
end;
y(a)=y(a)+[x(i)*h(j)];
end;
end;
t=1:n
stem(t,y);
disp(y);
title('circular convolution');
xlabel('samples');
ylabel('amplitude');
OUTPUT FOR CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION:

enter the sequence[1 2 2 1]
enter the imp response[1 1 1]
t=
1
GRAPH FOR CIRCULAR CONVOULTION:
CALCULATION OF FFT:
function[Xk]=dft(x,N);
x=[1 1 1 1 4 5 6 1];
N=8;
n=[0:1:N-1];
k=[0:1:N-1];
a=(-i*2*pi/N);
WN=exp(a);
nk=n'*k;
WNnk=WN.^nk;
Xk=x*WNnk
OUTPUT FOR CALCULATION OF FFT:

Xk =
Columns 1 through 4
20.0000
-5.8284 + 7.8284i -2.0000 - 4.0000i -0.1716 - 2.1716i
Columns 5 through 8
4.0000 + 0.0000i -0.1716 + 2.1716i -2.0000 + 4.0000i -5.8284 - 7.8284i
ans =
Columns 1 through 4
20.0000
-5.8284 + 7.8284i -2.0000 - 4.0000i -0.1716 - 2.1716i
Columns 5 through 8
4.0000 + 0.0000i -0.1716 + 2.1716i -2.0000 + 4.0000i -5.8284 - 7.8284i
VERIFICATION OF SAMPLING THEOREM:

clear all
t=-100:01:100;
fm=0.02;
x=cos(2*pi*t*fm);
subplot(2,2,1);
plot(t,x);
xlabel('time in sec');
ylabel('x(t)');
title('continuous time signal');
fs1=0.02;
n=-2:2;
x1=cos(2*pi*fm*n/fs1);
subplot(2,2,2);
stem(n,x1);
hold on
subplot(2,2,2);
plot(n,x1,':');
title('discrete time signal x(n) with fs<2fm');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');
fs2=0.04;
n1=-4:4;
x2=cos(2*pi*fm*n1/fs2);
subplot(2,2,3);
stem(n1,x2);
hold on
subplot(2,2,3);
plot(n1,x2,':');
title('discrete time signal x(n) with fs>2fm');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');
n2=-50:50;
fs3=0.5;
x3=cos(2*pi*fm*n2/fs3);
subplot(2,2,4);
stem(n2,x3);
hold on
subplot(2,2,4);
plot(n2,x3,':');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x(n)');
title('discrete time signal x(n) with fs=2fm');
OUTPUT OF SAMPLING THEOREM:
DESIGN OF FIR FILTER:

LOW PASS FILTER:
clc;
clear all;
wc=input('enter the value of cut off frequency');
N=input('enter the value of filter');
alpha=(N-1)/2;
eps=0.001;
%Rectangular Window
n=0:1:N-1;
hd=sin(wc*(n-alpha+eps))./(pi*(n-alpha+eps));
hn=hd
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h));
hold on
%Hamming Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=0.54-0.46*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h),'ms');
hold off;
hold on
%Hanning Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=0.5-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h),'blue');
hold off;
hold on
%Blackman Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=0.42-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1))+0.08*cos((4*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h),'green');
hold off;
OUTPUT FOR LOW PASS FILTER:

enter the value of cut off frequency1.6
enter the value of filter11
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0.0630
0.0092 -0.1057 -0.0090
0.3185
0.5093
0.3178 -0.0095
0.2905
0.5093
0.2899 -0.0065
Columns 9 through 11
-0.1056
0.0094
0.0630
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0.0050
0.0015 -0.0421 -0.0062
-0.0420
0.0016
0.0050
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0
0.0009 -0.0365 -0.0059
0.2881
0.5093
0.2875 -0.0062
-0.0365
0.0009
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
-0.0000
0.0004 -0.0212 -0.0046
0.2705
0.5093
0.2699 -0.0049
-0.0212
0.0004 -0.0000
GRAPH FOR LPF:
DESIGN FOR HIGH PASS FILTER:

clc;
clear all;
wc=input('enter the value of cut off frequency');
N=input('enter the value of filter');
alpha=(N-1)/2;
eps=0.001;
%Rectangular Window
n=0:1:N-1;
hd=(sin(pi*(n-alpha+eps))-sin((n-alpha+eps)*wc))./(pi*(n-alpha+eps));
hn=hd
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h));
hold on
%Hamming Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=0.54-0.46*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h),'ms');
hold off;
hold on
%Hanning Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=0.5-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h),'blue');
hold off;
hold on
%Blackman Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=0.42-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1))-0.08*cos((4*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
plot(w/pi,abs(h),'green');
hold off;
OUTPUT FOR HIGH PASS FILTER:

enter the value of cut off frequency1.6
enter the value of filter11
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
-0.0628 -0.0094
0.1061
0.0085 -0.3175
0.4907 -0.3188
0.0100
0.0058 -0.2896
0.4907 -0.2908
0.0068
0.1053 -0.0091 -0.0632
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
-0.0050 -0.0016
0.0422
0.0419 -0.0015 -0.0051
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0 -0.0009
0.0366
0.0056 -0.2872
0.4907 -0.2884
0.0066
0.0364 -0.0009
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0.0100
0.0001
0.0350
0.0055 -0.2539
0.4122 -0.2550
0.0064
0.0348
0.0001
0.0101
GRAPH FOR HPF:
DESIGN FOR BAND PASS FILTER:
clc;
Wc1=input('enter the value of Wc1=');
N=input('enter the value of N=');
alpha=(N-1)/2;
eps=0.001;
%Rectangular Window
n=0:1:N-1;
hd=(sin(Wc1*(n-alpha+eps))-sin(Wc2*(n-alpha+eps)*pi))./((n-alpha+eps)*pi);
hn=hd
W=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,W);
plot(W/pi,abs(h));
hold on;
%Hamming Window
n=0:1:N-1;
Wn=0.54-0.46*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*Wn
W=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,W);
plot(W/pi,abs(h),'green');
hold on;
%Hanning Window
n=0:1:N-1;
Wn=0.5-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*Wn
W=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,W);
plot(W/pi,abs(h),'red');
hold off;
%Blackman Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=042-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1))-0.08*cos((4*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
hold off;
OUTPUT FOR BANG PASS FILTER:
enter the value of Wc1=0.95

enter the value of N=11
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
-0.0639
0.0272 -0.0314
0.0566
0.5616 -1.0976
0.5617
0.0575
0.0386
0.5123 -1.0976
0.5123
0.0393
-0.0323
0.0268 -0.0633
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
-0.0051
0.0046 -0.0125
-0.0129
0.0045 -0.0051
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0.0026 -0.0108
0.0370
0.5080 -1.0976
0.5081
0.0377
-0.0112
0.0026
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
-2.6472
1.1293 -1.3160
2.3884 23.8004 -46.5602 23.8044
2.4297
-1.3548
1.1148 -2.6228
GRAPH FOR BAND PASS FILTER:
DESIGN FOR BAND STOP FILTER:

clc;
N=input('enter the value of N=');
alpha=(N-1)/2;
eps=0.001;
%Rectangular Window
n=0:1:N-1;
hd=(sin(Wc1*(n-alpha+eps))-sin(Wc2*(n-alpha+eps)*pi))./((n-alpha+eps)*pi);
hn=hd
W=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,W);
plot(W/pi,abs(h));
hold on;
%Hamming Window
n=0:1:N-1;
Wn=0.54-0.46*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*Wn
W=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,W);
hold on;
%Hanning Window
n=0:1:N-1;
Wn=0.5-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*Wn
W=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,W);
plot(W/pi,abs(h),'red');
hold off;
%Blackman Window
n=0:1:N-1;
wh=0.42-0.5*cos((2*pi*n)/(N-1))-0.08*cos((4*pi*n)/(N-1));
hn=hd.*wh
w=0:0.01:pi;
h=freqz(hn,1,w);
hold off;
OUTPUT FOR BSF:

enter the value of N=11
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0.1054 -0.0500 -0.1986
0.0528
0.6325 -1.0544
0.6314
0.0538
0.0360
0.5770 -1.0544
0.5760
0.0367
-0.1986 -0.0505
0.1055
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0.0084 -0.0084 -0.0790
-0.0790 -0.0085
0.0084
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
0 -0.0048 -0.0686
0.0346
0.5721 -1.0544
0.5711
0.0352
-0.0686 -0.0048
hn =
Columns 1 through 8
-0.0169
0.0005 -0.0656
0.0338
0.5059 -0.8857
0.5050
0.0344
-0.0656
0.0005 -0.0169
GRAPH FOR BSF:

DSP Lab Using Mat Lab

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DSP Lab Using Mat Lab

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www.Vidyarthiplus.

Document name: DSP Lab Us

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

DESIGN OF IIR FILTER BUTTERWORTH

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR BUTTERWORTH:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

DESIGN OF IIR FILTER USING IMPULSE INVARIANCE

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUT PUT FOR IMPULSE INVARIANCE

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

STABILITY OF LTI SYSTEM:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR STABILITY OF LTI SYSTEM:

Transfer function for time response:

GRAPH FOR TIME RESPONSE:

Transfer function for frequency response:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

GRAPH FOR FREQUENCY RESPONSE:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

REPRESENTATION OF BASIC SIGNALS:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR REPRESENTATION OF BASIC SIGNALS:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

COMPUTATION OF CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION:

GRAPH FOR CIRCULAR CONVOULTION:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR CALCULATION OF FFT:

-5.8284 + 7.8284i -2.0000 - 4.0000i -0.1716 - 2.1716i

-5.8284 + 7.8284i -2.0000 - 4.0000i -0.1716 - 2.1716i

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

VERIFICATION OF SAMPLING THEOREM:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT OF SAMPLING THEOREM:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

DESIGN OF FIR FILTER:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR LOW PASS FILTER:

0.0092 -0.1057 -0.0090

0.0015 -0.0421 -0.0062

0.0009 -0.0365 -0.0059

0.0004 -0.0212 -0.0046

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

GRAPH FOR LPF:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

DESIGN FOR HIGH PASS FILTER:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR HIGH PASS FILTER:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

GRAPH FOR HPF:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

DESIGN FOR BAND PASS FILTER:

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

OUTPUT FOR BANG PASS FILTER:

enter the value of Wc1=0.95

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

2.3884 23.8004 -46.5602 23.8044

Copywriter Ganesh Murthy (VP Group)

GRAPH FOR BAND PASS FILTER: