Concrete Lifting Design Manual

TM
Concrete Lifting Design Manual
Solutions in Concrete Construction
Copyright Reid Construction Systems 2005. All rights reserved. Moral rights asserted. New Zealand Issue January 2005
TM
Lifting Anchor Range
Edge Lifting
Special Lift Design 120 tonnes lift
Edge Lift Anchor with Feet
Foot Anchor PCHAIR kit
Swiftlift Clutches
On Site Testing
Face Lifting
Eye Anchor with Shear Bar
Pull out test for 1.3 tonne 35mm Foot Anchor. (Half cone removed to show anchor.)
TM
1.
Introduction
1.1. 1.2. 1.3. Features Benefits Special Cautions Planning is the Key to Cost Control Total Design Process Casting Off Site Casting On Site Architectural Finishes Complex Shapes Erection Times Propping Design Service - Lifting and Propping Panel Face Lifting Panel Edge Lifting Special Edge Lifting with Rebated Edges Combination Lifting Load Groups Working Load Limits Face Lifting Anchors Foot Anchor Identification Facelift Anchor Identification Face Anchor Pullout Capacity Swiftlift Clutches Swiftlift Clutch Operation Face Anchor Capacity Tables Panel Face Lift Assembly Specifications Standard Length Foot Anchors with Reduced Edge Distances Standard Length Foot Anchors in Thin Panels Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Identification Edgelift Anchor Lengths and Pullout Capacity Edgelift Anchors Hanger Bar Pullout Capacity Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Installation with Hanger Bars Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Assemblies Shear Bars Shear Bar Installation Edge Lift Anchor Shear Capacity Table 1.25t Edgelift Anchor (1ELA) Identification 1ELA Installation 2.5t, 5.0t and 9.0t Edgelift Anchor with Feet (ELAWF) Identification ELAWF Installation 2ELAWF Capacity Tables 5ELAWF Capacity Tables 9ELAWF Capacity Tables Ring Clutches Ring Clutch Operation
5
5 5 5
2.
Designing for Lifting and Handling

2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 2.7. 2.8. 2.9.
6
6 6 6 6 6 7 7 8 8
3.
Lifting Solutions
3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. 3.6.
9
9 9 10 10 10 10
4.
Face Lifting
4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7. 4.8. 4.9 4.10
11
11 11 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14
5.
Edge Lifting
5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. 5.5. 5.6. 5.7. 5.8. 5.9. 5.10. 5.11. 5.12. 5.13. 5.14. 5.15. 5.16. 5.17. 5.18.
15
15 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22
3
Copyright Reid Construction Systems 2005. All rights reserved. Moral rights asserted.
TM
6.
Recess Formers
6.1. 6.2. 6.3 Swiftlift Recess Formers Edgelift Recess Formers Facelift Plastic Recess Formers
23
23 23 23
7.
Designing with Swiftlift

7.1. 7.2. 7.3. 7.4. 7.5. 7.6. 7.7. Concrete Strength Anchor Length Edge Distance and Anchor Spacing Transportation and Shock Loading Load Distribution Materials and Manufacturing Anchor Usage
24
24 24 24 24 24 24 24
8.
Calculation of Applied Stresses at Lifting Points

8.1. 8.2. 8.3. 8.4. 8.5. 8.6. 8.7. 8.8. 8.9. 8.10. Effective Load Calculation G - Panel Weight H - Adhesion N Number of lifting points. Km - Demoulding Factor Ksl - Sling Co-efficient Kd Dynamic Load Special Caution - Anchor Loads during Lifting. Reinforcing Steel Concrete Cracking
25
25 25 25 26 26 26 27 27 27 27
9.
Tilt-up Solutions for Simple Rectangular Panels

9.1. 9.2. 9.3. 9.4. 9.5. 9.6. 9.7. 10.1. 10.2. 10.3. 10.4. 10.5. 11.1. 11.2. 12.1. 12.2. 12.3. 12.4. 12.5. 12.6. Tilt-up Lifting Flexural Stress Minimum Cracking Load Face Lift Design Guide Edge Lift Design Guide Anchor Placement and Sling Lengths Maximum Panel Width Foot Anchor Specification Reid Eye Anchor Specification Facelift Anchor Specification 1.25 tonne Edgelift Anchor Specification Edgelift Anchor with Feet Specification Swiftlift Clutch Specification Ring Clutch Specification Plastic Swiftlift Recess Former Specification Rubber Swiftlift Recess Former Specification Steel Swiftlift Recess Former Specification Articulated Swiftlift Steel Recess Former Specification Colleted Swiftlift Steel Recess Former Specification Edgelift Recess Former Specification
28
28 28 28 29 31 32 33
10. Anchor Specifications
34
34 35 36 37 38
11. Clutch Specifications
39
39 40
12. Recess Former Specifications
41
41 42 43 44 45 46
TM
1. Introduction
In 1977 Reids revolutionised the safety and speed of lifting cast concrete elements with the introduction of the Swiftlift lifting system. The Swiftlift system utilised a fully engineered approach, combining cast in lifting anchors, recess formers, custom fitting lifting clutches, and full engineering backup. Traditional lift process of casting in bent reinforcing steel or other hook attachment points generally had no engineering basis and gave poor margins of safety. This meant that lifting points were easily overstressed with failures and accidents commonly occurring. This resulted in hazardous work sites, costly damage and construction delays. The Swiftlift system introduced a new era in lifting heavy concrete elements, eliminating many of the safety issues and saving time and money in the process. Reid Construction Systems supports the industry through a team of engineers and field representatives servicing Reid products with technical expertise, installation guides, design manuals, seminars, and continuous product development.
1.1. Features
Full engineering support. Full range of lifting solutions. Remote release system. Innovative lifting systems. Forged steel and hot dipped galvanised components. Commitment to continued product development. Skilled, helpful and practical staff. Easy to install and use.
1.2. Benefits
Experienced support staff. No special tools required for installation or use. Free lift design service. Reduces installation time. Reduced construction cost. Increased safety. Technical backup. Range of support products. Manuals and support literature available.
Avoid risking the safety of staff and reduce time and labour costs.
1.3. Special Cautions

Reids Lifting Anchors and Lifting Clutches must not be modified by welding in any form or otherwise subjected to extreme heat as this could change the metalurgical properties of the components. Never attach anchors to reinforcing steel by spot welding.
NO WELDING
Swiftlifts Remote Release is faster and safer.
TM
2. Designing for Lifting and Handling

2.1. Planning is the Key to Cost Control
Planning starts at the very early stages of a project with Architects and Engineers having a significant influence on the final cost of a project. The handling of concrete elements is influenced by their geometry and needs to be considered at this planning stage. This will help ensure a project runs smoothly and within cost estimates. When project planning is not undertaken many hours are often spent finding solutions to complex lifts at the construction stage. The attachment of strong backs, manufacture of custom made lifting devices, or redesign of the element for lifting or transporting can result in a significant increase in cost and time delays. Consulting with Reids on lifting solutions at the planning and design stage enables improved project management, with overall savings in project costs.
2.2. Total Design Process

The process of casting, lifting, transporting and placing concrete puts stresses on concrete elements that are often not considered as part of the structural design. To provide a full service to their client the designer should consider the construction and handling process as part of the design with allowance made for lifting and transporting.
2.3. Casting Off Site

Limitations in the lifting height of a precast yard or height restrictions on route often require a multi-stage lift process to get a large panel erected on site. Consideration must be given to casting, transportation and placement when choosing between off site and on site casting. Consultation with Reids on lifting before finalising the panel design can assist greatly with the on site work flow.
2.4. Casting On Site

The on-site casting and handling of precast concrete elements can be made easier if the designer considers the site conditions and constraints before finalising the size and shape of the concrete elements to be lifted. Such conditions can include crane access, panel size, obstructions on site and overhead powerlines.
Photo 2.3.1 Handling on Site
2.5. Architectural Finishes

The increasing use of panel construction with architectural finishes makes the pre-construction consultation process even more important to ensure that architectural finishes are not damaged during handling and erection. Photo 2.5.1 Architectural Finish
TM
2.7. Complex Shapes

With some complex precast element shapes it is not possible to errect or transport them without providing some form of external strengthening. The most common method of strengthening panels is to bolt on external beams or strongbacks.
Diagram 2.71 - Complex panel shapes needing strongbacks.
Common strongback sections are shown below.
Pryda Longreach Beam bolted to the concrete with Reid Hex Screw Bolts.
Steel Beam bolted to the concrete with Liebig bolts.
Double Steel Channel bolted to the concrete with Reid Hex Screw Bolts.
2.7
Erection Times
Erecting a panel or precast unit without strongbacks normally only takes 10 to 15 minutes depending on size and complexity. If, however, strongbacks are necessary this erection time is likely to be increased to 1.5 hours per unit. Consequently Reids Engineers will always endevour to place lifting anchors in positions that will reduce concrete stresses to a level where strongbacks are not necessary.
TM
2.8. Propping
Props are used to temporarily support the precast elements until the permanent fixings are made. Planning for the placement of props is important as they take up a significant amount of room and can affect other site works. Reids supply props and provide advice on propping solutions.
Photo 2.8.1 Props
2.9. Design Service - Lifting and Propping

To ensure that construction goals can be acheived without compromise Reids engineers are available for consultation through all stages of the design process. This design service is available for anyone using the Reid lifting system.
TM
3. Lifting Solutions
3.1. Panel Face Lifting
Face Lift advantages: Minimises stresses in the concrete. Allows larger and heavier lifts. Anchors are simple to use. Remote release from the ground is possible
The element is tilted up and / or lifted from a face. The lifting point may be in shear or tension depending the orientation of the element. Refer to Section 4.0 for more information.
3.2. Panel Edge Lifting

Edge Lifting is used to facilitate true vertical placement of a concrete element. Edge Lift advantages: The element is lifted to vertical for placement over starter bars or other connections. Wall panels can be placed close to adjacent structures where space is limited. Leaves panel face untouched. Limitations on panel height can be encountered with Edge Lifting due to the flexural stresses induced in the concrete and reduced anchor capacity due to edge proximity. Refer to Section 5.0 for more information. Rebated edges create difficulties for edge lifting and require a special lifting arrangement using Reidbar. See Section 3.3. For shear loading (where the lifting force is at right angles to the axis of the anchor) in thin panel special edge lifting anchors with lateral feet or special reinforcing shear bars are avialable. Diagram 3.1.1 Face Lifting.
Diagram 3.2.1 Edge Lifting.
TM
3.3. Special Edge Lifting With Rebated Edges

External wall panels on multi storey buildings often have a waterproofing detail on the top edge which makes conventional lifting anchor placement difficult. A special lifting system for tension loads only (not shear loads) has been developed utilizing Reids Reidbar System.
3.4. Combination Lifting

Often a combination of Face and Edge lifting is required to handle a precast element. The selection of the correct anchors and rigging arrangement is critical. All lifts must be designed and supervised by a competent person.
Rebate support angle min. 10mm thick with 6mm PL. folded to suit rebate detail min. 400 long. Drill 28 to clear bolt. Weld antirotation stops to each side of toggle (BKT. supplied by others) ONLY USE COUPLERS MACHINED FROM MILD STEEL STOCK
60 - 80mm 55mm
3.5. Load Groups

Anchors and Lifting Clutches are classified into six main load groups. A load group specifies the maximum lifting capacity or Working Load Limit (WLL) of the Lifting Clutch. Only Anchors, Recess Formers and Clutches of the same load group will fit together. The six main load groups with are 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 32.0 tonnes. 1.25 and 9 tonne Edge Lifting systems are also available.
Ensure bolt is screwed into coupler a min. 60 - 80mm Ensure bar is screwed into coupler 55-60mm
Diagram 3.3.1 Edge Lifter
3.6. Working Load Limits

Reid lifting components have Working Load Limits based of the following capacity reduction factors from ultimate failure: Clutches = Capacity Reduction Factor of 5.
Anchors in Tension = Capacity Reduction Factor of 3. Edge Lift anchors in thin panels when subjected to shear loads are designed for safety factor of 2 on cracking rather than a Reduction Factor of 3 on ultimate which is impossible to calculate.
10
TM
4. Face Lifting
4.1. Face Lifting Anchors
Face anchors are the predominant anchor type used for lifting. These anchors use a round spread foot to resist pull out from the concrete. Two variations of the Face Lift Anchors are available to suit the two main lifting clutches used. The two anchor types are: 1. Foot Anchors (FA) for Swiftlift clutches as shown in Diagram 4.1.1 2. Facelift Anchors (FLA) for Hairpin Clutches as shown in Diagram 4.1.2
4.2. Foot Anchor Identification

Length Stamp: All Foot Anchors have the length of the anchor stamped on the anchor head. If there is no length stamp the anchor is not a Foot Anchor and relies on some supplementary anchorage to obtain pullout strength. Clutch Rating: This is the W.L.L of the lifting clutch that fits this anchor. Refer to Section 4.5 Reid Logo (back)
Reid Logo
Clutch Rating / Load Group (tonnes) Anchor Length (mm)
Anchor Length (mm) Clutch Rating / Load Group (tonnes)
Diagram 4.1.1 Foot Anchor
Diagram 4.1.2 Facelift Anchor
4.3. Facelift Anchor Identification

The product code stamped on the side of the head is used to identify the Clutch Rating, Anchor Type, and Length. For example: 5FLA130 = 5 tonnes working load limit, Facelift Anchor, 130 mm overall length. Refer to Diagram 4.1.2
4.4. Face (Foot) Anchor Pullout Capacity

Each load group has a range of anchor lengths to allow for different installation situations. Face Anchors efficiently transmit the applied load to the concrete through the conical foot of the anchor. The foot induces a shear cone in the concrete that resists pullout. Three main factors affect pullout capacity: The embedment depth of the anchor. The compressive strength (fc) of the concrete at time of lift. The proximity of the anchor to free edges or other anchors. The Standard Length Foot Anchors in each load group have been designed to provide the full W.L.L of the clutch under most conditions: Foot anchors should not be used where fc <10MPa Edge distances less than 3 x anchor length can reduce pullout load. Anchor spacing less than 6 x anchor length can reduce pullout load. Standard Length Anchors should always be used unless otherwise specified. Where short foot anchors are used in thin sections the longest possible anchor should always be used.
11
TM
4.5. Swiftlift Clutches

Swiftlift clutches come in the following load groups to match the anchors and recess formers they are designed to be used with. Table 4.5.1 - Swiftlift Clutches
Load Group (W.L.L. - tonnes) 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 32.0 Swiftlift Clutch Product Code 1LE 2LE 5LE 10LE 20LE 32LE
Diagram 4.5.1 Swiftlift Clutch
4.6. Swiftlift Clutch Operation

Figure 1. The Lifting Clutch is easily connected to the anchor head by admitting the anchor head into the slot of the Lifting Clutch and rotating the tab of the Lifting Clutch until it rests on the concrete surface. Figure 2. Once connected the load can be applied in any direction. Figure 3. It is normal to lift towards the tab however lifting away from the tab (as shown in figure 4.) is also acceptable. Figure 4. When the load is being applied in a direction away from the tab, it is normal for the tab to rise from the concrete surface. The Lifting Clutch has been designed so that it cannot accidentally disengage while under load. Should the tab rise excessively, (ie. the angle between the tab and concrete exceed 30) lower the unit and reset the tab to the surface. Figure 5. Remote Release/Disconnection (e.g. Tilt-up) Special Remote Release Lifting Clutches with Arm Extensions have been developed to speed up erection. Using Reids patented Spoon assembly the Remote Release Clutch can easily be removed from the anchor head from the ground without the use of ladders. N.B. Disconnection is only possible when the load has been removed. 1 3 2
30 max
12
TM
4.7. Face Anchor Capacity Tables

Table 4.7.1 gives the Working Load Limits of Foot Anchors for the given strength of concrete at time of lifting. Table 4.7.1 W.L.Ls for Foot Anchors
Anchor Load Group 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3# 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5# 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0# 10.0 10.0 10.0# 20 32 Anchor Length 35 45 55 66 85 120 55 65 75 90 120 170 95 120 150 170 240 150 170 340 500 700 Concrete Compressive Strength at Lift (fc) 10 MPa 0.45 0.63 0.83 1.07 1.30* 1.30* 0.87 1.09 1.33 1.84 2.50* 2.50* 1.70 2.61 3.96 5.00* 5.00* 3.96 5.00 10.00* 20.00* 32.00* 15 MPa 0.55 0.77 1.02 1.30* 1.30* 1.30* 1.07 1.34 1.63 2.10 2.50* 2.50* 2.36 3.42 5.00* 5.00* 5.00* 5.20 6.57 10.00* 20.00* 32.00* 20 MPa 0.64 0.90 1.18 1.30* 1.30* 1.30* 1.24 1.55 1.88 2.42 2.50* 2.50* 2.73 4.16 5.00* 5.00* 5.00* 6.30 7.97 10.00* 20.00* 32.00* 25 MPa 0.71 1.00 1.30* 1.30* 1.30* 1.30* 1.38 1.73 2.10 2.50* 2.50* 2.50* 3.05 4.83 5.00* 5.00* 5.00* 7.32 9.26 10.00* 20.00* 32.00* 30 MPa 0.78 1.10 1.30* 1.30* 1.30* 1.30* 1.51 1.90 2.30 2.50* 2.50* 2.50* 3.34 5.00* 5.00* 5.00* 5.00* 8.27 10.00* 10.00* 20.00* 32.00*
Table 4.7.2 W.L.Ls for Facelift Anchors

Load Group Length 5 5 Anchor Length 100 130 Concrete Compressive Strength at Lift (fc) 10 MPa 1.70 2.61 15 MPa 2.36 3.42 20 MPa 2.73 4.16 25 MPa 3.05 4.83 30 MPa 3.34 5.00*
#Standard length anchor - min concrete strength 10MPa will give maximum clutch lift capacity. *Maximum WLL of lifting clutch Min edge distance = 3 times anchor length without capacity reduction. Min anchor spacing = 6 times anchor length without capacity reduction. Min concrete strength at lift = 15MPa for non standard length anchors, although short foot anchors are commonly used in concrete with fc of 10MPa with special care.
4.8. Face Anchor Assemblies

Panel Face Lift Assembly Specifications.
Panel Thickness Anchor Used (Swiftlift) Anchor Used FLA Assembly Code Assembly Code Assembly Code Puddle in Puddle in Assemblies 2t Assemblies 5t
75 100 120 125 150 180 200 300
1FA055 1FA085 2FA090 2FA090 2FA120 2FA120 2FA170 2FA170
2FA055 2FA075 5FA095 5FA095 5FA120 5FA150 5FA170 5FA240
5FLA100 5FLA100 5FLA130 -
2 TILT 100 2/5 TILT 120 2/5 TILT 120 2/5 TILT 150 2/5 TILT 180 2/5 TILT 200 -
2 PCHAIR 100 2/5 PCHAIR 120 2/5 PCHAIR 125 2/5 PCHAIR 150 5 PCHAIR 180 5 PCHAIR 200 -
5FLPCHAIR120 5FLPCHAIR120 5FLPCHAIR150 -
2FA055PR 2FA075PR 2FA090PR 2FA090PR 2FA120PR 2FA120PR 2FA170PR 2FA170PR
5FA095PR 5FA095PR 5FA120PR 5FA150PR 5FA170PR 5FA240PR 13
TM
4.9
Standard Length Foot Anchors With Reduced Edge Distances

Where the edge distances or anchor Table 4.9.1 Working Load Limit (tonnes) spacings in Table 4.9.1 are not able to With a safety factor of 3 on ultimate load capacity be met, it is likely that the working Standard Edge Concrete Compressive Strength When Lifting (MPa) Anchor Distance load of the anchor will be reduced to Length X (mm) 10 MPa 15 MPa 20 MPa 25 MPa 30 MPa reflect the minimum concrete rupture 30 0.85 1.12 1.30 1.30 1.30 strength and maintain a safety factor 35 0.92 1.21 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.3t x of 3. 120mm 40 0.99 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.30 One Reduced Edge Distance: Table of Working Load Limits for Standard Swiftlift Foot Anchors where the edge distance to one edge is less than 3 x anchor length. Table 4.9.1 X = Concrete cover to nearest edge L = Length of Normal Swiftlift anchors for given Working Load Limits (WLL).
50 30 35 45 50 60 70 50 60 70 80 90 60 70 80 100 120 140 80 100 120 140 160 200 220 1.10 1.44 1.56 1.77 1.86 2.03 2.20 3.13 3.42 3.69 3.95 4.18 5.67 6.13 6.55 7.31 8.01 8.64 11.52 12.88 14.10 15.22 16.27 18.16 19.03 1.30 1.89 2.04 2.32 2.44 2.50 2.50 4.10 4.49 4.85 5.00 5.00 7.44 8.04 8.59 9.60 10.00 10.00 15.11 16.88 18.49 19.96 20.00 20.00 20.00 1.30 2.29 2.48 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 4.97 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 9.02 9.75 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 18.32 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 1.30 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 1.30 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00
2.5t x 170mm
5.0t x 240mm
10.0t x 340mm
3L X 3L 6L
20.0t x 500mm
4.10 Standard Length Foot Anchors In Thin Panels

Table of Working Load Limits for Standard length Swiftlift Foot Anchors in thin unreinforced panels. Table 4.10.1 Note: Although these working load limits have been calculated for unreinforced panels the use of normal reinforcing is recommended. L = Length of Swiftlift anchors for given working load limits.
3L 6L 3L
Table 4.10.1 Working Load Limit (tonnes) With a safety factor of 3 on ultimate load capacity
Standard Panel Concrete Compressive Strength When Lifting (MPa) Anchor Thickness Length D (mm) 10 MPa 15 MPa 20 MPa 25 MPa 30 MPa 1.3t x 120mm 2.5t x 170mm 5.0t x 240mm 10.0t x 340mm 100 120 150 100 150 200 150 200 250 200 250 300 250 300 400 0.50 0.60 0.75 0.71 1.07 1.41 1.51 2.01 2.50 2.82 3.52 4.22 5.15 6.17 8.20 0.66 0.79 0.98 0.94 1.40 1.85 1.98 2.64 3.28 3.70 4.62 5.53 6.75 8.09 10.76 0.80 0.96 1.19 1.14 1.70 2.25 2.41 3.20 3.98 4.49 5.60 6.71 8.19 9.81 13.04 0.93 1.11 1.30 1.32 1.97 2.50 2.79 3.71 4.62 5.22 6.51 7.79 9.51 11.39 15.15 1.05 1.25 1.30 1.49 2.23 2.50 3.16 4.20 5.00 5.89 7.35 8.80 10.74 12.87 17.11
20.0t x 500mm
D
14
TM
5. Edge Lifting
5.1. Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Identification
Clutch Rating: This is the W.L.L of the lifting clutch that fits this anchor. Refer to Section 4.5 Reid Eye Anchors use additional reinforcing Hanger Bars to achieve full rated lift capacities in thin sections or low strength concrete. Refer to Section 5.4. There is no length stamp on an Eye Anchor because of the need for the Hanger Bar to increase its effective depth. The hanger bar length can vary in length with load, concrete strength and concrete thickness. Diagram 5.1.1 Reid Eye Anchor Reid Logo Clutch Rating (tonnes) Clutch Rating
Product Code
5.2. Edgelift Anchor Lengths and Pullout Capacity

Reids Eye Anchors should not be used without hanger bars. Hanger Bars must be used with all Edgelift Anchors with the exception of the 1ELA and Reids Hairpin anchors in high strength concrete. The Hanger Bars increase the effective depth of Edgelift Anchors in thin sections or low strength concrete, efficiently transmitting the applied load deeper to the concrete resulting in an increased lifting capacity. Three main factors affect pullout capacity: The length of the Hanger Bar The compressive strength (fc) of the concrete at time of lift. The proximity of the anchor to free edges and other anchors.
5.3. Edgelift Anchors

Reids manufacture a range of edge lifting anchors for lifting in thin sections. Table 5.3.1 lists the available anchor types. Refer to Section 10 for detailed anchor specifications. Table 5.3.1 Edgelift Anchors
Load Group (tonnes) Anchor 1.3 Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Edgelift (1ELA) Edgelift With Shear Feet (ELAWF) (1) 9.0 for ELAWF. 2.5 5.0 10.0 (1) 20.0 32.0 Swiftlift Hairpin Clutch
15
TM
5.4. Hanger Bar Pullout Capacity

Hanger bar lengths are calculated using the bond length for bar capacity and factoring for actual load. Forming a hook at the end of each leg will increase the capacity of the Hanger Bar. Hanger Bar lengths on the following tables have been calculated assuming the use of Grade 500E deformed bar however prestressing strand of the same length can also be used.
5.5. Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Installation with Hanger Bars

Hanger Bars are an essential part of the installation of edge lift anchors. The Hanger Bar transfers the load applied to the anchor deeper into the concrete element to obtain higher lift capacites in thin sections or low strength concrete. Shear Bar Eye Anchor
Table 5.5.1 - Hanger Bar Length for Eye Anchors Min edge distance E (Refer to Diagram 5.5.3)
Load Bar Cut and Bend Length(1) (mm) E(2) H.D Bar Group Diameter (mm) 5MPa 8MPa 10MPa 12MPa 15MPa 20MPa 30MPa (tonnes) 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 8 12 16 20 32 1560 2340 3120 4300 6710 1130 1700 1960 2700 5300 980 1470 1960 2700 4750 890 1330 1770 2440 4300 790 1180 1580 2160 3875 690 1040 1380 1900 3350 600 900 1200 1650 24 36 48 66
35 45
2740 105
Table 5.5.2 - Hanger Bar Length for Eye Anchors Edge distance greater than E (refer to Diagram 5.5.3)
Load Bar Cut and Bend Length(1) (mm) E(2) H.D Bar Group Diameter (mm) 5MPa 8MPa 10MPa 12MPa 15MPa 20MPa 30MPa (tonnes) 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 8 12 16 20 32 1248 1872 2469 3440 5366 904 1360 1568 2160 4242 784 1176 1568 2160 3800 712 1064 1416 1952 3464 632 944 1264 1728 3100 552 832 1104 1520 2680 480 720 960 40 60 80
Hanger Bar
1320 110 2190 200
Hooked bars give better holding Deformed bar strength. or prestressing strand. Diagram 5.5.1 Hanger Bar Installation
(1) Refer to Diagrams 5.5.1 & 5.5.2 (2) Minimum Edge Distance to face, Refer to Diagram 5.5.3
(1) Cut & bend length
Eye Anchor Hanger Bar 5d d
Diagram 5.5.2 Cut and Bend Length

16
Diagram 5.5.3 Edge Distance E
Diagram 5.5.4 Minimum Bend Diameter
TM
5.6. Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Assemblies

Table 5.6.1 Swiftlift Edge Lifting Assemblies.
Assemby Product Code Description Min Panel Thickness (mm)
2EREA090
A 90mm Eye Anchor with reduced plastic recess former and wire-reinforcing cage to prevent edge break out in thin sections.
95
2VREA090
A 90mm Eye Anchor with round plastic recess former. Not Suitable for edge tilt-up shear lifting.
95
5EREA120
A 120mm Eye Anchor with reduced plastic recess former and Shear Bar attached. Refer to Shear Bar Tables 5.9.1 for shear lift capacity.
150
5VREA120
A 120mm Eye Anchor with round recess former. Not Suitable for edge tilt-up shear lifting.
111
5.7. Shear Bars

Shear Bars are used to provide tilt-up lifting capacity. Placed as per Diagram 5.8.1 the Shear Bar provides the shear lift capacity in edge lifting.
Diagram 5.7.1 Shear Bar
17
TM
5.8. Shear Bar Installation

Care must be taken to ensure the feet of the Shear Bar are positioned as shown in Diagram 5.8.1 to ensure the load is properly transferred as deep as possible into the concrete. When the tilt up operation begins the clutch will bear against the side of the recess and the shear bar.
NB: Shear bars will only work in the
Lift
Shear Bar placed against recess former
Lift
Diagram 5.8.1 Shear Bar Installation Clutch bears against Shear Bar preventing the edge from breaking
direction shown. Care must be taken not to invert panels on site. Use two shear bars facing opposite ways if the panel is to be lifted from both directions during transportation or installation. A better solution is to use Reids ELAWF anchors which dont require shear bars.
Diagram 5.8.2 Clutch and Shear Bar Operation
5.9. Edge Lift Anchor Shear Capacity Table

Table 5.9.1 Shear Lift Capacity Uncracked Concrete WLL (tonnes)
Shear Lifter 1ELASB 2ELAWF Panel Thickness (mm) 80 100 100 120 150 120 150 150 175 200 250 120 150 175 200 150 175 200 250
15
0.60 0.68 2.20 2.40 2.45 1.58 1.62 1.82 1.96 2.20 2.58 2.10 2.90 3.30 3.80 4.30 4.80 5.40 6.70
20 0.70 0.78 2.50 2.50 2.50 1.82 1.96 2.22 2.38 2.68 3.14 2.50 3.50 4.00 4.60 5.20 5.90 6.60 8.20
25 0.78 0.88 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.04 2.28 2.56 2.78 3.10 3.64 3.00 4.10 4.70 5.00 6.00 6.80 7.70 8.20
30 0.86 0.96 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.24 2.58 2.90 3.14 3.50 4.12 3.39 4.63 5.00 5.00 6.78 7.68 8.69 9.00
5ELASB120 5ELASB
5ELAWF
9ELAWF
Note: 2VREA090 & 5VREA120 are not designed to be loaded in shear.
18
TM
5.10. 1.25t Edgelift Anchor (1ELA) Identification

The 1ELA has been designed specifically for use in thin concrete sections. Product Code
5.11. 1ELA Installation

For shear lifting a Shear Bar is required. A Hanger Bar can be used to increase the tensile lift capacity in 15MPa concrete and thin panels. L = 400mm min. Cut 800mm of HD8 Bar. With Hanger Bar the tensile capacity in 15MPa concrete = 1.25 tonnes. Requires the use of the 1ELASB for shear lift. Refer to Table 5.9.1 for 1ELASB Shear lift capacities. Shear Capacity Lift Limited to 0.4t max by steel strength of anchor. Diagram 5.10.1 Reid 1.25t Edgelift Anchor
shear bar Lift Table 5.11.1 1ELA Vertical Lift Capacity(2) Working Load Limits (tonnes) No Hanger Bars
Panel Thickness (mm) 100 120 150 Concrete Strength at time of lift 15MPa 0.63 0.76 0.94 20MPa 0.77 0.92 1.14 25MPa 0.89 1.06 1.25*
hanger bar
35
45
* Maximum permissible clutch load
Diagram 5.11.1 1ELA Installation
5.12. 2.5t, 5.0t and 9.0t Edgelift Anchor with Feet (ELAWF) Identification
Shape variations exist between the 2.5 tonne anchor and the 5 and 9 tonnes anchors due to different manufacturing processes. Clutch Rating: This is the first number of the product code. Refer to Section 5.16 Edgelift Anchors use Hanger Bars to achieve the rated lift capacities in tension. Anchor Colour: Anchors are also colour coded: 2.5 Orange 5.0 Silver 9.0 Silver Product Code
Diagram 5.12.1 Edgelift Anchor with Feet
19
TM
5.13. ELAWF Installation

Edgelift Anchors with feet are designed for edge lift shear load applications. The anchors require hanger bars for tension loads.
Hanger bars
Panel
Edge Lifter
Recess former
Diagram 5.13.1 Edge Lifter installed in panel The anchor must be orientated at right angles to the face of the panel, refer to Diagram 5.13.1, and have the appropriate two reinforcing bars or pre-stressing strands fitted through the pair of eyes at the base of the anchors. Refer to Diagram 5.13.2. These bars must be bent down into the panel at an included angle of 35 to 45 and with a bend diameter of 5 bars diameters. Refer to Section 5.14, 5.15 and 5.16 for Hanger Bar lengths. The specially designed feet provide superior anchorage in shear in both directions. 35 45
5.14. 2ELAWF Capacity Tables

For Installation refer to Section 5.13 Diagram 5.13.2 Edge Lifter & Hanger Bars
Lift Lift
Table 5.14.1 2ELAWF Shear Lift Working Load Limit (t) Unreinforced concrete
Panel Thickness (mm) 100 120 150 Concrete Strength at time of lift 15MPa 2.20 2.40 2.50 20MPa 2.50 2.50 2.50 25MPa 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.5 2.0 W.L.L. tonnes
Table 5.14.2 2ELAWF Tension Lift with Hanger Bars Lengths Working Load Limits unreinforced concrete(1)
15MPa Bar Length(2) (mm) 635 510 380 255 25MPa Bar Length(2) (mm) 490 395 295 200
Cut & Bend length
1.5 1.0
(1) Min 100 mm thick panel (2) Cut & bend length HD12, 2 required per lifter. Refer to Diagram 5.14.1 35 45 Diagram 5.14.1 Hanger Bar Length
20
TM

For Installation Information refer to Section 5.13.
Lift
Lift
Panel Thickness (mm) 120 150 175 200 Concrete Strength at time of lift 15MPa 2.10 2.90 3.30 3.80 20MPa 2.50 3.50 4.00 4.60 25MPa
15MPa W.L.L. tonnes 25MPa
(2)
3.00 4.10 4.70 5.00 5 4 3 2
Bar Length (mm) 895 715 540 360
Bar Length(2) (mm) 695 555 415 280
(1) Min 120 mm thick panel (2) Cut & bend length HD16, 2 required per lifter. Refer to Diagram 5.14.1

For Installation Infromation refer to Section 5.13.
Lift
Lift
Panel Thickness (mm) 150 175 200 250 Concrete Strength at time of lift 15MPa 4.30 4.80 5.40 6.70 20MPa 5.20 5.90 6.60 8.20 25MPa
15MPa W.L.L. tonnes 25MPa Bar Length(2) (mm) 935 830 730 625 520 415 Bar Length(2) (mm) 1210 1080 940 805 670 540
6.00 6.80 7.70 9.00 9 8 7 6 5 4
(1) Min 150 mm thick panel (2) Cut & bend length HD20, 2 required per lifter. Refer to Diagram 5.14.1
21
TM
5.17. Ring Clutches
2, 5 & 9 HPLE Clutch
1ELALE Clutch Diagram 5.17.1 Ring or Flat Anchor Clutch
Product Code 1ELALE 2HPLE 5HPLE 9HPLE
Clutch W.L.L. 1.25t 2.5t 5t 9t
5.18. Ring Clutch Operation
Diagram 5.18.1 Recessed former is levered out of concrete
Diagram 5.18.2 The Lifting Eye is attached to the Edgelift Anchor by lowering the clutch slot over the anchor.
90
Diagram 5.18.3 Rotate the clutch tab until it rests on the concrete surface, with the tab on the side which will be uppermost when lifting.
Diagram 5.18.4 If shear loads are applied to the anchor then Shear Bars need to be installed for the correct load direction, unless the anchor has a lateral foot. ie. 2ELAWF, 5ELAWF and 9ELAWF
22
TM
6. Recess Formers
Recess formers have three purposes: To form the recess around the anchor head into which the clutch is placed to engage the anchor. To hold the anchor in position when casting the concrete. To prevent the wrong series Lifting Eye being attached to the anchor. Recess formers can be made from plastic, rubber or steel depending on their application and the anchor type or pre-assembled kit. Rubber and steel recess formers are reusable. Under no circumstance should a lifting eye or clutch be used with a different series anchor. ie 2LE with a 1FA120.
6.1. Swiftlift Recess Formers

Swiftlift recess formers come in Round or Reduced shapes. Round Recess Formers allow the Swiftlift clutch to rotate when engaged on the anchor head. Reduced Recess Formers prevent the clutch from rotating on the anchor head.
Diagram 6.1.1 Round Recess Former
Diagram 6.1.2 Reduced Recess Former
Table 6.1.1 Recess Formers for Swiftlift Foot and Eye Anchors
Plastic Load Group Round 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 32.0 Reduced Round Reduced Rubber Round Rubber Ring Articulated Collets Reduced Steel
Refer to Section 12 for detailed Specifications
6.2. Edgelift Recess Formers

All Edgelift anchors use rubber recess formers as shown in Diagram 6.2.1
6.3. Facelift Plastic Recess Formers
Diagram 6.2.1 Edgelift Rubber Former
Diagram 6.3.1 Facelift Plastic Former

23
TM
7. Designing with Swiftlift

7.1. Concrete Strength
Recommended minimum concrete strength is 10MPa at time of lifting. Standard length foot anchors are designed to be used in 10MPa but shorter foot anchors should only be used with special care in concrete less than 15MPa.
7.2. Anchor Length

Always use the longest foot anchor possible. The use of shorter anchors will reduce the lift capacity.
7.3. Edge Distance and Anchor Spacing

Maximum pullout strength for foot anchors is achieved when: The distance to any edge is 3 x the anchor depth. The distance to any other anchor is 6 x the anchor depth. Reducing these spacings may reduce the capacity of the anchor and an analysis of the lift should be done.
6D
3D
Diagram 7.3.1 Edge Distance
7.4. Transportation and Shock Loading

Transporting loads over uneven terrain can induce anchor loads that are 5 times greater than those calculated from weight of the concrete element. The dynamic load factors given in Table 8.7 should be applied if precast elements are transported over uneven ground.
7.5. Load Distribution

Rolling blocks and spreader beams should be used to evenly spread loads where appropriate. Fixed length slings may not spread loads evenly.
7.6. Materials and Manufacturing

All Anchors are supplied hot dipped galvanised or zinc powder coated as standard. The materials and manufacturing processes employed ensure that anchors are not susceptible to strain age embrittlement. Anchors should not be welded without Reids approval as this is likely to change the metal strength. AISI 316 titanium stabilised austenitic stainless steel anchors are available on special order for use in marine or other high corrosion environments.
7.7. Anchor Usage

Use lifting anchors only for lifting. Using anchors as tie points or for any other use other than lifting may result in damage and render the system hazardous.
24
TM
8. Calculation of Applied Stresses at Lifting Points

8.1. Effective Load Calculation
(G+H) Z= Z G H N Km Ksl Kd = = = = = = = N x Km x Ksl x Kd
Effective load at each point. Panel weight. Adhesion force. Number of lifting points. Demoulding factor. Sling Coefficient. Dynamic factor where applicable.
8.2. G - Panel Weight

The unit mass is generally accepted as approximately 2500 kg/m3 for normal steel reinforced concrete.
8.3. H - Adhesion
Adhesion is function of the interaction between the concrete and the casting bed. H=Axh A = Surface contact area with casting bed. h = Factor from Table 8.3.1 for different mould surfaces. The amount of adhesion to the mould surface is a function of the roughness and surface coating. Table 8.3.1 Mould Surface Adhesion
h (kPa) Mould Surface Side Forms Removed Prestressed Panel Smooth Steel, Oiled Rough steel or Varnished Timber, Oiled Rough Sawn Timber Smooth Concrete Rough Concrete Ribbed or Irregular Profile 0 1 2 3 1.1 G 1.6 G 2G Side Forms In Place 0 3 6 9 -
Diagram 8.3.1 Side forms removed
Diagram 8.3.2 Side forms in place
Diagram 8.3.3 Ribbed profile
25
TM
8.4. N Number of lifting points.

N equals the number of lifting anchors except in the care of a four points flat lift with fixed length slings from a single hook. In this case the total weight is taken by 2 diagonal anchor alone.
Fixed Chains
Load Equalising
N=2 The load will always be shared between 2 diagonal points only.
N=4
N=4
The load is evenly shared between all four points by using spreader beams
Diagram 8.4.1 Sling Load Equalisation
8.5. Km - Demoulding Factor

This factor accounts for the amount of actual load applied. In a flat lift this is set at 1.0, if the weight is shared by other supports independent of the lifting anchor this figure can be adjusted to account for the load sharing.
8.6. Ksl - Sling Co-efficient

As a general rule sling lengths should not be less than the distance between lifting anchors (= 60). The angle between the slings must never exceed 120 unless specifically designed.
30
If anchors are cast proud of the lifting surface then max = 30 Table 8.6.1 Ksl Co-efficient
Ksl 0 1.0 60 1.16 90 1.42 120 2.0
Diagram 8.6.1 Sling Angle
26
TM
Effect of Sling Angle
The longer the slings the lower the load on the anchors.
Dont sling in this orange area.
For example at an included angle of 170 the load on each sling is six times the weight of the actual load being lifted
NB Always aim to make sling length greater than the distance between two anchors.
Diagram 8.6.2 Sling Angles
8.7. Kd Dynamic Load

Dynamic load factors account for such factors as crane hoist speed, boom movement or transportation over ground while the load is suspended.
Kd 1 1.1 4
Table 8.7.1 Dynamic load factor - Kd

Description Normal crane lift operation. Lifting using excavator arm or similar. Transport over uneven ground.
8.8. Special Caution - Anchor Loads during Lifting.

Total crane lift load should not exceed the panel weight by 10%. Exceeding the panel weight by more than 10% during demoulding may result in the panel releasing suddenly from the casting bed and inducing high dynamic loads in the concrete or lifting equipment.
8.9. Reinforcing Steel

Lifting anchor design capacity is normally calculated assuming an unreinforced concrete element. This is because reinforcing bars running at 90 to the axis of the anchor do not prevent or contribute to the ultimate concrete cone pullout load of the anchor.
8.10. Concrete Cracking

Lifting design is normally done assuming an uncracked section. In shallow sections such as wall panels it is generally not asthetically acceptable to allow flexural stress cracks to occur that are sufficiently large to transfer tensile loads into the reinforcing steel. In some cases it may be considered preferable to allow cracks to occur in precast elements during lifting rather than use multiple anchor points or strongbacks. If this is done it is important that sufficient reinforcing is placed in the crack zone to prevent the reinforcing exceeding its yield strength.
27
TM
9. Tilt-up Solutions for Simple Rectangular Panels

9.1. Tilt-up Lifting
Tilt-up lifting usually involves moving a concrete element from horizontal to vertical orientation for installation. During this operation stresses in the element and around the anchors change with the tilt angle. Complex shapes require special lifting design however simple rectangular shapes can easily be calculated using the following design guides.
9.2. Flexural Stress

When lifting a panel the lift design is done using the strength of the uncracked concrete without considering the reinforcing steel. Table 9.2.1 gives the allowable stress levels for various concrete strengths at time of lift. Any flexural stress induced in the panel when lifting must not exceed these allowable flexural stress levels for the given concrete strength at the time of lift to avoid inducing cracks. To avoid cracking panels when lifting the stresses shown in table contained in Section 9.4 and 9.5 should be less than the allowable stress shown in Table 9.2.1
Table 9.2.1 Allowable Concrete Stress MPa For Compressive Strength (fc) MPa
fc 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Allowable Stress (0.41fc) 1.30 1.36 1.42 1.48 1.53 1.59 1.64 1.69 1.74 1.79 1.83 fc 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 40 Allowable Stress (0.41fc) 1.88 1.92 1.97 2.01 2.05 2.09 2.13 2.17 2.21 2.25 2.59
Hogging or upward flex around lifting points
Sagging or downward flex along unsupported sections during tilt-up
Lift
Diagram 9.2.1 Panel Flex
9.3. Minimum Cracking Load

The conrete stress that is likely to cause first cracking is normally taken as 0.75 fc.
28
TM
9.4. Face Lift Design Guide

Calculate the weight (W) of the panel using the Formula 9.4.1
Formula 9.4.1 Weight of Panel Calculation W=HxBxTxMxS
Decide the Foot Anchor to be used
YES
NO Obtain WLL for the anchor from Table 4.7.1 for the strength of the concrete at time of lift
Change anchor load class?
Calculate the minimum number of anchors required using Formula 9.4.2
Increase number of anchors to increase number of rows
Where: W = Weight of panel in tonnes H = Height of panel (m) B = Width of panel (m) T = Thickness of panel (m) M = Mass of concrete per cubic metre (tonnes). Nom = 2.5 t/m3 S = Demoulding factor for suction for casting on steel or smooth concrete. = 1.1
NO
Formula 9.4.2 Number of Anchors N= W WLL of Anchor
Decide a rigging arrangement for the number of anchors Increase number of columns Obtain the Actual Flexural Stress from the corresponding table for the rigging, panel height and thickness Refer page 29
YES
Can the rigging be altered to increase the number of rows with present number of anchors?
Where: N = Number of Anchors W = Weight of panel in tonnes WLL of Anchor = Working Load Limit of anchor from Table 4.7.1 for concrete strength at time of lift. (tonnes).
NO
NO
Compare Actual Stress with Allowable Stress from Table 9.2.1
Is Allowable Stress greater than Actual Stress?
YES
Is panel width YES within limits of Table 9.7.1?
Design OK
Determine anchor location and sling lengths from table 9.6.1
Table 9.4.1 Face Lift Design Process

Anchor Load and Capacity Check for fc at lift Lift Weight W tonnes Anchor Concrete Stength(MPa) Anchor Capacity Number of Anchors (1) Rigging Arrangement High 1 1 2 3 2 Wide 2 4 2 2 4 Table 9.4.2 9.4.2 9.4.3 9.4.4 9.4.5 Flexural Stress Check (MPa) Actual Stress Allowable Stress Table 9.2.1 for fc
Use Formula 9.4.1
Select from Table 4.7.1
At time of lift
Use From Table Formula 4.7.1 9.4.2
Refer to Page 31
Allowable must be great than Actual
(1) Use 2, 4, 6 or 8 anchors. Always round up when using Formula 9.4.2
29
TM
SINGLE ROW 4 WIDE
Table 9.4.2 Actual Stress fb (MPa) Face Lift - 1 High x 2 or 4 Wide

Panel Thickness (mm) 100 120 150 175 200 250 Panel Height (m)
Allowable Concrete Stress

fc
4.0 1.10 0.91 0.73 0.63 0.55 0.44
4.5 1.38 1.15 0.92 0.79 0.69 0.55
5.0 1.72 1.43 1.14 0.98 0.86 0.69
5.5 2.06 1.72 1.38 1.18 1.03 0.83
6.0 2.47 2.06 1.65 1.41 1.24 0.99
6.5 2.40 1.92 1.65 1.44 1.15
7.0 2.24 1.92 1.68 1.34
7.5 2.56 2.20 1.92 1.54

SINGLE ROW
Allowable Stress (0.41fc)

1.30 1.59 1.83 2.05 2.25 2.59
10 15 20 25 30 40
DOUBLE ROW 2 HIGH 2 WIDE
Table 9.4.3 Actual Stress fb (MPa) Face Lift - 2 High x 2 or 4 Wide

Panel Thickness (mm) 100 120 150 175 200 250 Panel Height (m) 6.0 1.38 1.15 0.92 0.79 0.69 0.55 6.5 1.62 1.35 1.08 0.92 0.81 0.65 7.0 1.87 1.56 1.25 1.07 0.94 0.75 7.5 2.15 1.79 1.43 1.23 1.07 0.86 8.0 2.44 2.03 1.63 1.39 1.22 0.98 8.5 2.29 1.83 1.57 1.38 1.10 9.0 2.57 2.05 1.76 1.54 1.23 9.5 2.29 1.96 1.71 1.37 10.0 2.53 2.17 1.90 1.52 10.5 2.39 2.09 1.67 11.0 2.62 11.5 12.0 2.18
2 HIGH 4 WIDE
2.29 2.51 1.84 2.01
Table 9.4.4 Actual Stress fb (MPa) Face Lift - 3 High x 2 Wide Equal Load
Panel Thickness (mm) 100 120 150 175 200 250 Panel Height (m) 8.0 1.91 1.59 1.27 1.09 0.95 0.76 8.5 2.24 1.87 1.50 1.23 1.08 0.86 9.0 2.42 2.01 1.61 1.38 1.35 0.97 9.5 2.24 1.80 1.54 1.48 1.08 10.0 2.49 1.98 1.69 1.65 1.19 10.5 2.19 1.88 1.81 1.32 11.0 2.41 2.06 1.97 1.44 11.5 2.63 2.26 2.15 1.58 12.0 2.46 2.33 1.72 12.5 2.52 1.87 130 2.02 2.34 13.5 3 HIGH 2 WIDE
Table 9.4.5 Actual Stress fb (MPa) Face Lift - 4 High x 2 Wide Equal Load
Panel Thickness (mm) 120 150 175 200 250 Panel Height (m) 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 4 HIGH 2 WIDE EQUAL LOAD TOP ANCHORS
1.75 1.93 2.16 2.37 2.50
1.40 1.55 1.73 1.90 2.00 2.18 2.39 2.59
1.20 1.33 1.48 1.63 1.71 1.87 2.05 2.22 2.40 2.60
1.05 1.16 1.30 1.42 1.50 1.63 1.79 1.94 2.10 2.27 2.44 2.62
0.84 0.93 1.04 1.14 1.20 1.31 1.43 1.56 1.68 1.82 1.95 2.09 2.24 2.40
30
TM
9.5
Edge Lift Design Guide
Check the panel height is within flexural strength limit for thickness and MPa at time of lift - Use Table 9.5.1 YES
NO
Use face lift to tiltup
H
Formula 9.5.1 Weight of Panel Calculation W=HxBxTxMxS Where: W = Weight of panel in tonnes H = Height of panel (m) B = Width of panel (m) T = Thickness of panel (m) M = Mass of concrete per cubic metre (tonnes). Nom = 2.5 t/m3 S = Demoulding factor for suction for casting on steel or smooth concrete. = 1.1 Formula 9.5.2 Number of Anchors for Shear Lift N = W x 0.5 Shear WLL
Calculate Panel weight using Formula 9.5.1
Decide the Edgelift Anchor to be used
Where: W = Weight of panel in tonnes Shear WLL = Shear Working Load Limit of anchor from Table 5.9.1 for concrete strength at time of lift. (tonnes). This formula assumes that the panel is supported equally between the crane and casting surface at lift-up.
Obtain the Shear Lift WLL for the selected anchor from Table 5.9.1
Calculate the number of anchors required for shear lifting using Formula 9.5.2
Table 9.5.1 Maximum Panel Height (H)-meters. Tilt-up Edge Lift (Limit of Flexural Strength of Panel)
Panel Thickness (mm) 80 Compressive Strength of Concrete at lift (MPa)
10
2.3 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.6 4.0
15
2.5 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.5
20
2.7 3.0 3.3 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.8
25
2.9 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.6 5.1
30
3.0 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.5 4.8 5.3
35
3.1 3.5 3.8 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.5
Obtain the Hanger Bar length for the anchor and load for tension lift
100 120 150
Determine anchor locations and sling lengths from Table 9.6.1
175 200 250
Table 9.5.2 Edge Lift Design Process

Anchor Load and Capacity Check for fc at lift Lift Weight W tonnes Shear Lift Weight Anchor Concrete Anchor Shear Stength(MPa) Capacity Number of Anchors (1) Hanger Bar Length Rigging Arrangement Wide 2 4 8 Use Formula 9.5.1 Use Formula 9.5.2 Select from Section 5.0 At time of lift From Table 5.9.1 Use Formula 9.5.2
(1) Use 2, 4 or 8 anchors. Always round up.
31
TM
9.6
Anchor Placement and Sling Lengths

Table 9.6.1 Sling Lengths
Lifting Points Rigging High Wide Points Minimum Sling Lengths
Table 9.6.1 Sling Lengths

Lifting Points Rigging High Wide Points Minimum Sling Lengths
2 HIGH 2 WIDE
EDGE LIFT
H
H W H .58W .21W .21W
D .18H .40H .42H .21W W .21W .58W
2
4 HIGH 2 WIDE EQUAL LOAD TOP ANCHORS
2D
EDGE LIFT H D
Bottom Top
W .26W .10W .28W .26W .10W
.11H .22H .22H .22H .23H W
E D
2D
.21W .58W
2E
.21W
2D
SINGLE ROW 2 HIGH 4 WIDE D H E .29H .71H .58W .21W .42H .26W .10W .28W W .21W .18H .40H W .26W .10W D H
D+ 300mm
2D 2E
3 HIGH 2 WIDE SINGLE ROW 4 WIDE H E D H
.14H .28H .28H W
.29H .71H
W .26W .10W .28W .26W .10W
.30H .21W
.58W
.21W
2D
2D E+2(E-D)
The sling lengths referred to in Table 10.2.1 are the minimum lengths required to conform to Lifting Diagram 8.6.2 for 60 sling angle.
32
TM
9.7. Maximum Panel Width

Maximum panel width can be controlled by two factors: Anchor Pullout Capacity Horizontal Flexural Stress. Generally the controlling factor for simple rectangular panels is the pullout capacity of the anchor and not the horizontal flexural stress. The number of anchors is normally dictated by the weight and thickness of the panel. The following table shows max panel widths for simple rectangular panels. Note it does not apply to panels with openings. Table 9.7.1 Maximum panel width where flexural strength controls
Panel Thickness (mm) 100 125 150 175 200 250 Max Width (m) Refer to Diagram 9.7.1 2 Point Wide 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 11.5 12.5 4 Point Wide 16.5 18.0 20.0 21.5 23.0 25.5 8 Point Wide 27.0 30.5 33.5 36.5 38.5 42.5
Panels with cut outs for windows and doors, or panels with large rebates, have reduced flexural strength and must be analysed to ensure a safe lift design.
0.29H
H 0.2L L 0.2L 0.1L 0.36L 0.1L 0.36L
2 Anchors
4 Anchors
0.29H
In some cases Reids can design special rigging to decrease loads on certain anchors.
= 0.05L
= L
= 0.05L
8 Anchors Diagram 9.7.1 Horizontal Flexural Stress

33
TM
10. Anchor Specifications

10.1. Foot Anchor Specification
D1
D2
L1
Diagram 10.1.1 Foot Anchor Dimensions
Table 10.1.1 Foot Anchor Dimensions

Load Group (t) 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 32.0 Dimensions (mm) D 10 14 20 28 39 50 D1 19 26 36 47 70 88 D2 (Foot) 25 35 50 70 98 135 L1 5 7 9 11 15 27 Standard(1) L 120 170 240 340 500 700 Non Standard(1)(2) L 35, 45, 55, 66, 85 55, 65, 75, 90, 120 75, 95, 120, 150, 170 150 340 1200
(1)
Length can vary slightly with manufacturing variations
10.1.1. Materials
Forged high strength steel hot dipped galvanised corrosion protection. AISI 316 anchors are available on request.
34
TM
10.2. Reid Eye Anchor Specification
5.0
D1
5REA120
D2
L1 L
Diagram 10.2.1 Reid Eye Anchor Dimensions
Table 10.2.1 Reid Eye Anchor Dimensions

Load Group (t) 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 Dimensions (mm) D 10 14 20 28 39 D1 19 26 36 47 70 L(1) 50, 65 90 120 180 250 L1 5 7 9 11 15 H 9 13 18 25 38
(1)
Length can vary slightly with manufacturing variations
10.2.1. Materials
Forged high strength steel hot dipped galvanised corrosion protection.
35
TM
10.3. Facelift Anchor Specification
LA13 5F
0
D D1
L1
L2
Diagram 10.3.1 Facelift Anchor Dimensions
Table 10.3.1 Facelift Anchor Dimensions

Load Group (t) 5.0 Dimensions (mm) D 20 D1 50 L 100 / 130 L1 40 L2 16
10.3.1. Materials
Forged high strength steel hot dipped galvanised corrosion protection.
36
TM
10.4. 1.25 tonne Edgelift Anchor Specification
1ELA
L R Table 10.4.1 1ELA Dimensions (mm)

Load Group (t) 1.25 Dimensions (mm) L 120 L1 30 R 10
L1
Diagram 10.4.1 Edgelift Anchor Dimensions
10.4.1. Materials
Pressed high strength steel. Hot dipped galvanised corrosion protection.
37
TM
10.5. Edgelift Anchor with Feet Specification
L4
5ELAWF
L
L3 L2 L1
Diagram 10.5.1 ELAWF
Table 10.5.1 Edgelift Anchor Dimensions

Load Group (t) 2.5 5.0 9.0(1)
(1)
Dimensions (mm) L 100 114 161 L1 90 110 140 L2 48 56 72 L3 22 20 22 L4 60 72 78 R 7.5 8 12 Orange Silver Silver
Testing for reclassification into 10 tonne load group to be undertaken early 2005.
Shape variations exist between the 2.5t, 5.0t and 9.0t Edgelift Anchors. Diagram 10.5.1 is representative of all three anchors.
10.5.1. Materials
2.5t Laser cut medium tensile powder coated plate. 5t Forged high strength steel hot dipped galvanised corrosion protection. 9t Forged high strength steel hot dipped galvanised corrosion protection.
38
TM
11. Clutch Specifications

11.1. Swiftlift Clutch Specification Universal Lifting Eyes
Swiftlift Lifting Clutches (sometimes referred to as Universal Lifting Eyes) have been exclusively designed and approved for use with Reid Swiftlift Anchors and Recess Formers. They should not be used with any other components. Such unapproved use could be extremely dangerous. The Swiftlift Lifting Eye is designed so that it cannot accidently disengage whilst the system is under load at any orientation. This is provided it has been correctly connected to the head of the correct anchor in the recess. When the lift is completed and the load released, the Lifting Clutch can be quickly and simply disengaged. A special remote release Lifting Clutch is available. All Swiftlift Lifting Clutches are stamped with the relevant Working Load Limit (WLL). This aids identification in matching components of the system on site and in the casting yard (anchor recess Lifting Clutch). Components of the different load capacity systems cannot be interchanged as their dimensions have been carefully differentiated to ensure they will not mismatch across ranges. The Lifting Clutch is attached to the head of the anchor by placing the mouth of the clutch over the head of the anchor and rotating until the tab of the clutch rests on the concrete. Once connected the load can be safely applied in any direction. When the load is being applied in a forward direction, ie. away from the tab, it is normal for the tab to rise from the concrete surface. This is quite safe as the Lifting Clutch has been designed so it cannot accidentally disengage while under load. In many rigging applications the load may be applied in the direction of the tab of the Lifting Clutch (ie. tab up in tilt-up practice). Lifting Clutches should be checked regularly to make sure they have not been damaged or that jaw opening H is not greater than H max shown in Table 11.1.1
B A Working Load Limit (in tonnes) 1.3 K J
Table 11.1.1
Size
CHECK FOR WEAR
H max 13 18 25 32 46 58
M min 5.5 5.5 8.0 12.0 Colour 18.0 24.0
1.3 2.5
C I
5.0 10.0 20.0

M
32.0
Working Load Limit (in tonnes) E
D S e ph re
Diagram 11.1.1 Table 11.1.2
Safe Working Load 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 32.0
A 47.5 64 70 95 118 175
B 75 98 118 160 186 269
C 71 95 90 121 150 189
D 56 68 88 112 152 195
E 55 70 86 117.5 155 214
F 33 42 57 73 110 153
I 164 205 237 348 441 584
J 12 14 17 25 33 40
K 21 25 38 51 74 100 39
TM
11.2. Ring Clutch Specification
E Diagram 11.2.1 Ring Clutch
Table 11.2.1 Ring Clutch Dimensions (mm)

Load Group (t) 1.25 2.5 5.0 9.0 E L 405
(1)
F B Max 8 13.5 19.5 23.5 20 27 36 50 Nom 8 13 16.5 23.5 Min 7 12 15.5 22.5
D Nom 52 80 105 150 7 12 18 22
265 330 425
(1) Uses a wire strop, not forged handle.
40
TM
12. Recess Former Specifications

12.1. Plastic Swiftlift Recess Former Specification
Plastic recess formers are disposable formers. Round (Black) plastic formers are designed for use with Remote Release clutches.
R R
D
Diagram 12.1.1 Round Plastic Former Diagram 12.2.1 Reduced Former
Table 12.1.1 Plastic Recess Former Dimensions (mm)

Load Group (t) 2.5 5.0 Round and Reduced R 37 48 B 7 10 D 30 38 Reduced Colour W 52 69 Yellow Blue
R = Radius of Sphere. B = Recess Depth to top of Anchor Head. W = Width across flats of Reduced Recess Former.
Table 12.1.2 Plastic 5FLA Recess Former Dimensions (mm) (same shape as Diagram 12.6.1)
Load Group (t) Round and Reduced R B D Reduced Colour W
5.0
52
16
51
Black
41
TM
12.2. Rubber Swiftlift Recess Former Specification

Manufactured from form oil resistant, synthetic rubber and supplied with bolt and wing nut for fixing to formwork. The recess former is split into two hinged halves which are clamped around the head of the anchor as the wing nut is tightened against the outside of the formwork.
M B R
Diagram 12.2.1 Round Rubber Former Table 12.2.1 Rubber Recess Former Dimensions (mm)
Load Group (t) 1.3 2.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 32.0 Round and Reduced R 30 37 47 59 80 109 M 8 12 12 12 12 16 B 5 7 10 10 10 12 D 7 7 10 10 10 10 Reduced Former Colour W (Max Width) 42 52 69 85 124 Blue Yellow Blue Yellow Black Black
R M B D W
= = = = =
Radius of Sphere. Setting Bolt Size. Recess Depth to top of Anchor Head. Removing Lever Hole Diameter. Width across flats of Reduced Recess Former.
Rubber Recess Formers Fixing screw
Diagram 12.2.2
42
TM
12.3. Steel Swiftlift Recess Former Specification

Steel formers are used predominantly in precast factories. Steel formers are held in place using a central bolt through the formwork. Magnetic recess formers for attachment to steel casting beds or forms are available for 1.3t and 2.5t Swiftlift Anchors.
M B R
D
Diagram 12.3.1 Round Steel Former Table 12.3.1 Steel Recess Former Dimensions (mm)
Load Group (t) 1.3 2.5 5.0 Round and Reduced R 30 37 49 M 8 12 12 B 5 7 10 D 22 30 38 Reduced Former Width W 42 52 69
R M B D W
= = = = =
Radius of Sphere. Thread Tapped for Setting Bolt. Recess Depth to top of Anchor Head. Rubber Ring Diameter. Width across flats of Reduced Recess Former.
Setting Bolt
Steel recess former
Rubber ring Swiftlift Anchor
The Anchor is secured by insertion of the rubber ring. Anchor Rubber ring Steel recess former Formwork Diagram 12.3.2 Round Steel Components
43
TM
12.4. Articulated Swiftlift Steel Recess Former Specification

Very similar to Rubber Recess Formers they are split and hinged and do not use rubber rings. They are used in an identical way to Rubber Formers. They must be maintained in a clean and oiled condition in order to operate properly.
M B R
Diagram 12.4.1 Articulated Steel Former Table 12.4.1 Aritculated Steel Recess Former Dimensions (mm)
Load Group (t) 1.3 2.5 5.0 Round and Reduced R 30 37 49 M 8 12 12 B 5 7 10 D 7 7 10 Reduced Former W 42 52 69
Holding Bar Closing Plate Spacer Plate All thread rod fixing Fixing Screw
Articulated void former
Wing Nut
Diagram 12.4.2 Articulated Steel Former Components
44
TM
12.5. Colleted Swiftlift Steel Recess Former Specification

This recess former holds the anchor head very securely and rigid. Specifically designed for holding of anchors in high impact manufacturing processes such as centrifugally spun pipes. The tapered collets that hold the anchor into the recess former are attached to the mounting bolt. The bolt tightens the collets around the anchor head when the recess former is secured to the form.
M B R
Diagram 12.51 Colleted Steel Former Table 12.5.1 Colleted Steel Recess Former Dimensions (mm)
Load Group (t) 1.3 2.5 5.0 Round and Reduced R 30 37 49 M 8 10 12 B 10 11 15 Reduced Former W 42 52 69
R M B D W
= = = = =
Radius of Sphere. Thread Tapped for Setting Bolt. Recess Depth to top of Anchor Head. Rubber Ring Diameter. Width across flats of Reduced Recess Former.
Collet Collar
Rubber Ring
Swiftlift Lifting Anchor
Fixing screw
Steel Recess Formers
Collet Set Left and Right
Diagram 12.5.2 Colleted Steel Former Components
45
TM
12.6. Edgelift Recess Former Specification

Shape variations exist between the 2.5t, 5.0t and 9.0t Edgelift Recess Formers. Diagram 12.6.1 is representative of all three formers.
W M B
Diagram 12.6.1 Edgelift Rubber Former
Table 12.6.1 Rubber Recess Former Dimensions (mm)

Load Group (t) 1.25 2.5 5.0 9.0 R 30 44 58 75 M 8 10 10 B 5 7 8 10 D 9 10 10 10 W 26 40 65 68 Colour Orange Orange Black Blue
R M B D W
= = = = =
Radius of Sphere. Setting Bolt Size. Recess Depth to top of Anchor Head. Removing Lever Hole Diameter. Width across flats of Reduced Recess Former.
46
Reidform is the Engineered Solution to Formwork

Reidform consists of Edgeform, Laminated Veneer Lumber Formwork and Reid Construction Systems to provide total engineered formwork solutions for concrete floors and foundations, tilt-up and on site stack casting and pre-cast. Edgeform is light, consistently straight and more uniform than traditional timber formwork. LVL is reusable and remains true. Edgeform is manufactured in 6 metre lengths and available in the following sizes. 120mm x 36mm 150mm x 36mm 170mm x 36mm 200mm x 36mm 240 x 36mm
Reidform for Floors and Foundations

Simple formwork brackets for in situ concrete floors and foundations.
Reidform Tilt-up & on site stack casting

Simple stack casting systems that are quick and easy to use.
SBK55
EFUB EFB115
Edgeform U connection bracket. Simple pinned connection to form. Edgeform stand and top plate for multiple stack casting of concrete panels. Simple to form different sized panels. Stack bracket utilises differing lengths of RB12 Reidbar (bar and nuts supplied separately).
Reidform for Precast

Magnetic clamps to securely locate edgeform on steel beds and internal brackets (for doors and windows), saving time in pre-cast manufacture.
EFTP
EFS
EFMC
EFICB Reid Construction Systems provide a total Tilt-up panel solution and engineering design for safe lifting of concrete panels. A propping design service is available and an extensive range of props for hire. In addition, Reids stock the complete range of Seal & Tilt Bondbreaker, bar chairs, fillet, sealants, shims and Liebig structural anchor bolts.
For technical advice or location of your nearest stockist phone 0800 88 22 44
TM
R e i d C o n s t r u c t i o n S y s t e m s
Auckland Head Office & Sales 64A Diana Drive, Glenfield Auckland, New Zealand PO Box 101-517, NSMC, Auckland, NZ Tel: +64 9 920 4360 Fax: +64 9 920 4364 Call Free: 0800 88 22 44 Email: sales@reids.co.nz Hamilton 21A Kaimiro Street Hamilton Tel: 07 849 0643 Fax: 07 849 0642
Tauranga 80 Glenlyon Avenue Tauranga Tel: 07 543 3806 Fax: 07 543 3807 Wellington Unit 2/1 Gough Street, Seaview, Lower Hutt Tel: 04 568 4505 Fax: 04 568 0098 Christchurch 125 Wrights Road, Middleton, Christchurch Tel: 03 338 3844 Fax: 03 338 8846
Email
Reidbar Information reidbar@reids.co.nz Swiftlift Information swiftlift@reids.co.nz
Internet
Website: www.reids.co.nz

Concrete Lifting Design Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Concrete Lifting Design Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TM

Concrete Lifting Design Manual

Solutions in Concrete Construction

Lifting Anchor Range

Special Lift Design 120 tonnes lift

Edge Lift Anchor with Feet

Foot Anchor PCHAIR kit

Eye Anchor with Shear Bar

Designing for Lifting and Handling

Designing with Swiftlift

Calculation of Applied Stresses at Lifting Points

Tilt-up Solutions for Simple Rectangular Panels

10. Anchor Specifications

11. Clutch Specifications

12. Recess Former Specifications

1.3. Special Cautions

Swiftlifts Remote Release is faster and safer.

2. Designing for Lifting and Handling

2.2. Total Design Process

2.3. Casting Off Site

2.4. Casting On Site

Photo 2.3.1 Handling on Site

2.5. Architectural Finishes

2.7. Complex Shapes

Diagram 2.71 - Complex panel shapes needing strongbacks.

Common strongback sections are shown below.

Steel Beam bolted to the concrete with Liebig bolts.

Photo 2.8.1 Props

2.9. Design Service - Lifting and Propping

3.2. Panel Edge Lifting

Diagram 3.2.1 Edge Lifting.

3.3. Special Edge Lifting With Rebated Edges

3.4. Combination Lifting

3.5. Load Groups

Diagram 3.3.1 Edge Lifter

3.6. Working Load Limits

4.2. Foot Anchor Identification

Clutch Rating / Load Group (tonnes) Anchor Length (mm)

Anchor Length (mm) Clutch Rating / Load Group (tonnes)

Diagram 4.1.1 Foot Anchor

Diagram 4.1.2 Facelift Anchor

4.3. Facelift Anchor Identification

4.4. Face (Foot) Anchor Pullout Capacity

4.5. Swiftlift Clutches

Diagram 4.5.1 Swiftlift Clutch

4.6. Swiftlift Clutch Operation

4.7. Face Anchor Capacity Tables

Table 4.7.2 W.L.Ls for Facelift Anchors

4.8. Face Anchor Assemblies

75 100 120 125 150 180 200 300

1FA055 1FA085 2FA090 2FA090 2FA120 2FA120 2FA170 2FA170

2FA055 2FA075 5FA095 5FA095 5FA120 5FA150 5FA170 5FA240

5FLA100 5FLA100 5FLA130 -

5FLPCHAIR120 5FLPCHAIR120 5FLPCHAIR150 -

2FA055PR 2FA075PR 2FA090PR 2FA090PR 2FA120PR 2FA120PR 2FA170PR 2FA170PR

5FA095PR 5FA095PR 5FA120PR 5FA150PR 5FA170PR 5FA240PR 13

Standard Length Foot Anchors With Reduced Edge Distances

4.10 Standard Length Foot Anchors In Thin Panels

5.2. Edgelift Anchor Lengths and Pullout Capacity

5.3. Edgelift Anchors

5.4. Hanger Bar Pullout Capacity

5.5. Reid Eye Anchor (REA) Installation with Hanger Bars