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ALDEP Automated Layout DEsign Program Development within IBM Seehof, J.M and W.O. Evans Automated Layout Design Program:, The Journal of Industrial Engineering, Vol 18, No. 12, 1967, pp 690 - 695.
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A E I O U X
2 1 8
3 0 7
4 5 6
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Mechanism of ALDEP : (a) 1st dept placed randomly. (b) Scan the REL chart for a dept with A,E rating (min dept preference) continue this step till no such dept exists Pick up the next dept. in a random fashion and again proceed by scanning the REL chart [step (b)].
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(c)
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An Example of ALDEP
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10
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D D
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D D
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D
D
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Final Layout
C
B
D D
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Features of CORELAP
Retain the rectangular shape of each department The layout is built around a central department Placement and choice based on the total and current placement ratio The final layout may end up with irregular boundaries
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CRAFT
Computerized
Relative
Allocation of Facilities
Technique
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Armour, G.C. and E.S.Buffa, A Heuristic Algorithm and Simulation Approach to Relative Location of Facilities Management Science, Vol 9, No. 1, 1963, pp 294-309 Buffa, E.S, G.C. Armour and T.E. Vollman Allocating Facilities with CRAFT Harvard Business Review, Vol 42, No.2, 1964, pp 136 - 159.
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An Example of CRAFT
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Initial Layout
From /To
A D
A B
--1 2 1
1 --1 2
2 1 --1
1 2 1 ---
C D
Load Matrix
From/To
A ---
B 20 --45
C 15 45 ---
A B C D
15 20 ---
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A --1 2 1
B 1 --1 1
C 2 1 --1
D 1 1 1 ---
A B C D
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A ---
B 20 --45
C 30 45 --75
D 50 15 20 --35
24
A B C D
60 65 00
00
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--1 2 1
1 --1 2
2 1 --1
1 2 1 ---
C D
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A ---
B 20 --45
From /To
C 30 45 --A ---
A B C D
1 --1 2
2 1 --1
1 2 1 ---
A B C D
00
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110 105 50
AB B D A C
AC C D B A
AD D A B C
BC A D C B
BD A B D C
CD A C B D
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B D A C
C D B A
D A B C
A D C B
A B D C
A C B D
AB B D A C
220
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AC C D B A
265
AD D A B C
215*
BC A D C B
215*
BD A B D C
265
CD A C B D
220
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Limitations of CRAFT
CRAFT yields a good heuristic solution that does not guarantee optimality This is because not all (n!) combinations are evaluated, but only (nC2) pair-wise exchange options are considered. In case departments are on unequal size, their centroids are exchanged which can result in irregular shapes of departments
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n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
8
Factorial Growth n C2 = n! [n(n-1)]/2 0 1 1 2 3 4 6 24 10 120 15 720 21 5040 28 40320 36 362880 45 3628800 55 39916800 66 479001600
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20C = 2
190
30C 2
= 435 = 780
40C 2
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Conclusions
Computer packages for layout planning
Construction programs (ALDEP, CORELAP) Improvement programs (CRAFT)
Good for generation of alternative layouts Limitations of irregular shapes, ignoring realistic constraints
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