Professional Documents
Culture Documents
In Memorium
James Hay C. Harmon Brown Bert Lyle
1.
2.
Force Can Only Be Generated on the Ground Body Center (COG) Position is Critical
12
11
10
Velocity (m/sec)
Vmax
1 70 80 90 100
10
20
30
40
50
60
Distance (m)
Velocity (meters/sec)
Horizontal Velocity
12
Start
10
10 8 6 4 2 0
80%
Velocity (meters/sec)
Velocity (meters/sec)
Velocity (meters/sec)
Horizontal Velocity
12
Start
Transition
10
Velocity (meters/sec)
Reaction Time (gun to first movement*) Acceleration a. Start 1. Two Leg Drive 2. One Leg Drive 3. First Step 4. Second Step b. Transition Maximum Velocity a. Attain b. Maintain
Reaction Time (gun to first movement*) Acceleration a. Start 1. Two Leg Drive 2. One Leg Drive 3. First Step 4. Second Step b. Transition Maximum Velocity a. Attain b. Maintain
Theory Development
Research Since 1982 (USATF Funded) z Top Sprinters in Competition z Biomechanical/Statistical Analysis z Scientific Method Employed
Opinion Hypothesis Theory
z
Focus
z
Reaction Time (gun to first movement*) Acceleration a. Start 1. Two Leg Drive 2. One Leg Drive 3. First Step 4. Second Step b. Transition Maximum Velocity a. Attain b. Maintain
On-Track Application
Set Position
First Movement
The Start
?? Seconds
3 Meter Mark
1
0 0 20 40 60 80 100
12
11
10
Vmax
V2nd Step
1
80 100
20
40
60
0.30 Seconds to the 3 Meter Mark (~3 Steps) + 0.70 Seconds to the 60 Meter Mark
Set Position
Step One
Step Two
Start Forces
Horizontal Velocity
Front Leg 1200 1000 Back Leg
200 Lbs
0.05
0.1
0.25
0.3
0.35
Vertical Velocity
Front Leg
Back Leg
Total
1200
1000
200 Lbs
800
600
100 Lbs
400
200
0 Lbs
Minimal
0.05
0.1
0.25
0.3
0.35
Front Leg
Back Leg
1200
Start
1000
200 Lbs
1000
800 600
800
For the each step, the Vertical Velocity Change ('Vv) is: 'Vv # .94 m/sec
200 Lbs
600
100 Lbs
100 Lbs
200
0 Lbs
400
0 Lbs
0.1
0.1
0.3
Back Leg
Both
Average
1000
200 Lbs
Start The vertical effort is stressed further due to the Gravity Handicap:
Revised Vertical Force = 485 N + 750 N Vertical Force = 1235 N (277 lbs)
800
Weight
600
100 Lbs
400
200 0
0 Lbs
0.1
0.3
Sprint Forces
277 lbs 367 lbs 370 lbs 350 lbs
The Reality
Phase
205 lbs
50 lbs
Methods To Increase Stride Rate z Jump lower (decrease vertical velocity and air time) z Extend less at Takeoff (decrease ground time) z Reach less at Touchdown (decrease ground time) z Pull ground leg through faster (decrease ground time)
Step Length
2.5
Bad
1.5
1.5
0.5
0.5
0
ep St ax M lo Ve 11 y cit
ep St
ep St
ep St
ep St
ep St
ep St
ep St
ep St
ep St
ep St
10
10
Stride Rate
0.35
Bad
5
0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0
Start
Time (seconds)
Time (seconds)
11
5.0 meters/second
0.5 meters
Distance (m)
-0.25
-0.3
60%
100%
12
Back Side
Back Side
Front Side
Front Side
13
Front Leg
200 Lbs
Back Leg
Biomechanics
What You Need to Know About the Sprint Start
100 Lbs
1200
1000
800
600
Front Side
400
Front Side
200
Back Side
0 Lbs
Back Side
0.1
0.3
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