Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Information Technology
CPU
Input Secondary
Devices Storage
Buses
Output Communications
Devices Devices
Primary
Storage
CPU & Primary Storage
Primary
CPU
Storage
Data Bus
Address Bus
Control Bus
ARITHMETIC/LOGIC
CONTROL UNIT
UNIT
CLOCK
ROM
RAM
FEEDBACK
FUNCTIONS OF AN INFORMATION
SYSTEM
ENVIRONMENT
Customers Suppliers
ORGANIZATION
INFORMATION SYSTEM
FEEDBACK
ORGANIZATIONS TECHNOLOGY
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
MANAGEMENT
APPROACHES TO INFO SYSTEMS
TECHNICAL APPROACHES
COMPUTER
OPERATIONS
SCIENCE
RESEARCH
MANAGEMENT
SCIENCE
MIS
SOCIOLOGY
PSYCHOLOGY POLITICAL
SCIENCE
BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES
Major Types of Systems
• Executive Support Systems (ESS)
• Decision Support Systems (DSS)
• Management Information Systems (MIS)
• Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)
• Office Automation Systems (OAS)
• Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
Management Information System
• Management Level-
– Inputs-High volume data
– Processing-Simple models
– Outputs-Summary reports
– Users-Middle Managers
• Example-Annual Budgeting
Typical TPS Applications
Sales & Marketing Systems
• Major Functions-
– Sales Management, Market Research,
Promotion, Pricing, New Products
• Major Applications-
– Sales Order info systems, Market research
system, pricing system
Typical TPS Applications
Manufacturing & Production
Systems
• Major Functions-
– Scheduling, purchasing, shipping, receiving,
engineering, operations
• Major Applications-
– Material resource planning systems,
Purchase order control systems, engineering
systems, quality control systems
Typical TPS Applications
Finance & Accounting Systems
• Major Functions-
– Budgeting, general ledger, billing, cost
accounting
• Major Applications-
– General ledger, Accounts receivable,
accounts payable, budgeting, funds
management systems
Typical TPS Applications
Human Resources Systems
• Major Functions-
– Personnel records, benefits, compensation,
labor relations, training.
• Major Applications-
– Payroll, employee records, benefit systems,
career path systems, personnel training
systems
Typical TPS Applications
Other Types (ex-University, etc)
• Major Functions-
– Admissions,Grade records, Course records,
Alumni
• Major Applications-
– Registration system, student transcript
system, curriculum class control system,
alumni benefactor system.
Knowledge Work Systems
• Knowledge Level
– Inputs-Design specs
– Processing-Modeling
– Outputs-Design, Graphics
– Users-Technical staff
• Example-Engineering work station
Office Automation System
TPS MIS
Order Sales
Data
Processing
System
Unit
Order File Product
Cost
MRP System MIS Reports
Product
Chang
e Data
Production Master File
Expens Managers
General
Ledger e Data
System
Accounting File
Decision Support Systems
• Management Level
– Inputs-Low volume data
– Processing-Interactive
– Output-Decision Analysis
– Users-Professionals, Staff
• Example-Contract Cost Analysis
Decision Support Systems
• Strategic Level
– Inputs-Aggregate data
– Processing-Interactive
– Outputs-Projections
– Users-Senior Managers
• Example-5 Yrs operating plan
Executive Support Systems
ESS
MIS DSS
KWS
TPS
OAS
Systems from a Functional
Perspective
INTERDEPENDENCE
HARDWARE