1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

1 Worksheet (AS)

Mechanics

Questions 2 and 3 refer to the following information. A tractor of mass 1000 kg pulls a trailer of mass 1000 kg. The total resistance to motion has a constant value of 4000 N. One quarter of this resistance acts on the trailer. At first, the acceleration of the tractor and trailer is 2 m s-2 but eventually they move at a constant speed of 6 m s-1. 1. When the acceleration is 2 m s-2, the force exerted on the tractor by the tow-bar is A 1000 N 2. B 2000 N C 3000 N D 5000 N

When the tractor and trailer are moving at constant speed of 6 m s-1, the force exerted on the tractor by the tow-bar is A0N B 1000 N C 3000 N D 4000 N

3.

A stone is thrown from P and follows a parabolic path. The highest point reached is T. The vertical component of acceleration of the stone A. is zero at T. B. is greatest at T. C. is greatest at P. D. is the same at P as at T. A steel sphere is held just below the surface of a deep tank of water and released. Which one of the following best illustrates the relationship between the acceleration a, and the displacement z, of the sphere? {Take g as 10 m s-2]

4.

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

5.

The graph below shows how the force F exerted on a body in a collision with another body varies with time t. The area under the graph represents the bodys change of A B C D acceleration kinetic energy momentum potential energy

6.

A neutron moving with an initial velocity u has a head-on elastic collision with a stationary proton. After the collision, the velocity of the neutron is v and that of the proton is w. Taking the masses of the neutron and proton to be equal, which one of the following statements is wrong? A. Conservation of momentum shows that u = v + w. B. Conservation of energy shows that u2 = v2 + w2. C. The momentum and energy equations taken together imply that the speed of the proton after the collision is the same as that of the neutron before the collision. D. The fact that the collision is elastic implies that the proton and the neutron move off in opposite directions with equal speeds.

7.

A body is moving with constant speed in the y-direction. For positive values of y, it experiences a uniform acceleration in the x-direction. Which one of the paths A to E does it follow?

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

8.

An object falls vertically at its terminal velocity through air and then strikes soft ground in which it becomes embedded. Its deceleration during impact is constant. If P represents the point of impact, which one of the following graphs best represents the variation of the total force R on the stone with distance s?

9.

A man is parachuting at constant speed towards the surface of the Earth. The force which, according to Newtons third law, makes an action-reaction pair with the gravitational force on the man is A. B. C. D. the tension in the harness of the parachute. the viscous force of the man and his parachute on the air. the gravitational force on the Earth due to the man. the viscous force of the air on the man and his parachute.

10.

The velocity of a car which is decelerating uniformly changes from 30 m s-1 to 15 m s-1 in 75 m. After what further distance will it come to rest? A 25 m B 37.5 m C 50 m D 75 m

11.

An aeroplane, flying in a straight line at a constant height of 500 m with a speed of 200 m s-1, drops an object. The object takes a time t to reach the ground and travels a horizontal distance d in doing so. Taking g as 10 m s-2 and ignoring air resistance, which one of the following gives the values of t and d? t A B C D 25s 25s 10s 10s d 10 km 5 km 5 km 2 km

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

12.

Which one of the following pairs is not a valid example of action and reaction to which Newtons third law of motion applies? A. the centripetal force holding a satellite in orbit round the Earth and the weight of the satellite B. the forces of repulsion experienced by each of two parallel wires carrying currents in opposite directions C. the forces of attraction felt by each of two gas molecules passing near to each other D. the forces of attraction between an electron and a proton in a hydrogen atom

13.

A particle X (of mass 4 units) and a particle Y (of mass 2 units) move directly towards each other, collide and then separate. If vX is the change of velocity of X and vY is the change of velocity of Y, what is the magnitude of the ratio vX/vY? A B 1/ 2 C1 D 2

14.

A mass is projected vertically upwards with a given velocity. Neglecting air resistance, which one of the following statements is correct? A. The kinetic energy of the mass is a maximum at the maximum height attained. B. In accordance with the principle of conservation of energy, the total energy of the mass is constant throughout the motion. C. In accordance with the principle of conservation of momentum, the momentum of the mass is constant throughout the motion. D. The mass travels equal distances during equal periods of time during both ascent and descent.

15.

A parachutist of mass 80 kg descends vertically at a constant velocity of 3.0 m s-1. Taking the acceleration of free fall as 10 m s-2, what it the net force acting on him? A. B. C. D. 800 N upwards zero 240 N downwards 360 N downwards

16.

The force on a glass window in a vacuum system is 2 x 102 N when the pressure within the system is 1 Pa and the atmospheric pressure is 1 x 105 Pa. If the pressure in the system were reduced to 1 x 10-5 Pa, what would be the force on the window? A 2 x 10-3 N B 1 x 102 N C 2 x 102 N D 4 x 102 N

17.

Which one of the following statements is correct with reference to elastic collisions between two bodies? A. Momentum and total energy are conserved but kinetic energy may be changed into some other form of energy. B. Kinetic energy and total energy are both conserved but momentum is conserved only if the two bodies have equal masses. C. Kinetic energy is conserved; total momentum may decrease but cannot increase. D. Momentum, kinetic energy and total energy are all conserved

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

18.

A small metal sphere is released from rest at a height of a few centimeters above the surface of a viscous liquid. On entering the liquid, the sphere experiences a viscous drag proportional to its velocity. Which one of the following graphs most closely represents the variation of acceleration a with time t for the sphere?

19.

A student makes measurements from which he calculates the speed of sound as 327.66 m s-1. He estimates that his result is accurate only to 3%. Which one of the following gives his result reduced to the appropriate number of significant figures? A 300 m s-1 B 327 m s-1 C 330 m s-1 D 328 m s-1

20.

A ball, dropped on to a 45o inclined plane, makes an elastic collision with the surface. Stroboscopic photographs (a series of exposures on the same film at equal time intervals) are taken of the path of the ball. Which one of the following diagrams best represents the photographs?

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

1.

The sketch graph below describes the motion of a ball rebounding from a horizontal surface after being released from a point above the surface. The quantity represented on the y-axis is the balls A. B. C. D. E. displacement. velocity acceleration momentum kinetic energy

2.

In the diagram below, a body S of weight W hangs vertically by a thread tied at Q to the string PQR. If the system is in equilibrium, what is the tension in the section PQ? A. W tan 60o B. W cos 60o C. W tan 30o D. W cos 30o

3. The velocity of a car which is decelerating uniformly changes from 30 m s-1 to 15 m s-1 in 75 m. After what further distance will it come to rest? A 25 m B 37.5 m C 50 m D 75 m

4. The acceleration of free fall is determined by timing the fall of a steel ball photoelectrically as shown below. The ball passes P and Q at times t1 and t2 after release. What is the acceleration of free fall? A. 2h / (t2 - t1) B. h / (t22 - t12) C. h2 / (t2 - t1) D. 2h / (t22 - t12)

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

5.

Two bodies P and Q, of equal mass, travelling towards one another on a level frictionless track at speeds u and v respectively, make an elastic collision. At some instant during the collision P is brought momentarily to rest. What is the speed of Q at that instant? A. zero B. v - u C. 2 (v - u) D. (v - u) Forces of 4 N and 6 N act at a point. Which one of the following could not be the magnitude of their resultant? A. 1 N B. 4 N C. 6 N D. 8 N A trailer of weight 30 kN is hitched to a cab at the point X as shown in the diagram below.

6.

7.

If the trailer carries a weight of 20 kN at the position shown in the diagram, what upward force is exerted by the cab on the trailer at the point X? A. B. C. D. 8. 15 kN 20 kN 30 kN 40 kN

A positron, a positively-charged particle of mass 10-30 kg, is moving at a speed v, which is much less than the speed of light. It makes a head-on elastic collision with a stationary proton of mass 10-27 kg. Which one of the following correctly describes the outcome of the collision? A. B. C. D. The positron comes to rest and the proton moves on at speed v. The positron rebounds at speed v and the proton moves on at speed v. The positron rebounds at a speed v/2 and the proton moves on at speed v/2. The positron rebounds at a speed nearly equal to v, and the proton moves on at a speed much less than v.

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

9.

A mass is projected vertically upwards with a given velocity. Neglecting air resistance, which one of the following statements is correct? A. The kinetic energy of the mass is a maximum at the maximum height attained. B. In accordance with the principle of conservation of energy, the total energy of the mass is constant throughout the motion. C. In accordance with the principle of conservation of momentum, the momentum of the mass is constant throughout the motion. D. The mass travels equal distances during equal periods of time during both ascent and descent. The diagram below shows a heavy flagpole PQ hinged at a vertical wall at end P and held by a wire connected between end Q and a point R on the wall. The weight of the flagpole is W and the tension in the wire is T. What is the direction of the force exerted by the wall on the flagpole? A. C.

10.

PQ

B. D.

PS

PX

QP

11.

An object of mass m passes a point X with a velocity v and slides up a frictionless incline to stop at point Y which is at a height h above X. A second object of mass m passes X with a velocity of v. To what height will it rise? A 14 h B h C 1 2 h Dh

12.

An electric motor is required to haul a cage of mass 400 kg up a mine shaft through a vertical height of 1200 m in 2.0 minutes. What will be the electrical power required if the overall efficiency is 80%. [Take g as 10 m s-2] A. 3.2 kW B. 5.0 kW C. 32 kW D. 50 kW

13.

In order to support a load W, four light hinged rods P, Q, R and S are connected as shown below and mounted in a vertical plane. Which rods are in compression and which in tension? in compression A B C D P P, Q Q, R Q, R ,S in tension Q, R ,S R, S P, S P

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

14.

A lunar landing module is descending to the Moons surface at a steady velocity of 10 m s-1. At a height of 120 m, a small object falls from its landing gear. Taking the Moons gravitational acceleration as 1.6 m s-2, at what speed does the object strike the Moon? A 30 m s-1 B 22 m s-1 C 20 m s-1 D 17 m s-1

15.

The diagram shows two trolleys X and Y about to collide. The momentum of each trolley before the impact is given. After the collision, the trolleys travel in opposite directions and the momentum of X is 2 kg m s-1. What is the magnitude of the momentum of trolley Y? A. B. C. D. 6 kg m s-1 8 kg m s-1 10 kg m s-1 30 kg m s-1

16.

What is the power required to give a body of mass m a forward acceleration a when it is moving with velocity v up a frictionless track inclined at an angle to the horizontal? A. B. C. D. E. mavg sin mav sin + mgv mav + mgv sin (mav + mgv) sin (mav + mgv)/sin

17.

Two forces P and Q act at point X as shown in the vector diagram below.

In which of the following diagrams does the vector F represent the force which must be applied at X to maintain equilibrium?

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

1 Worksheet (AS Mechanics)

18.

A constant force is applied to a body which is initially stationary but free to move in the direction of the force. Assuming that the effects of friction are negligible, which of the following graphs best represents the variation of P, the power supplied, with time t?

19.

A stone thrown vertically upwards from ground level, rises to a height h and then falls back to its starting point. Assuming that air resistance is negligible, which of the following graphs best shows how Ek, the kinetic energy of the stone, varies with s, the distance traveled?

20.

A constant mass undergoes uniform acceleration when the resultant force acting on it A B C D is proportional to the displacement from a fixed point. is proportional to the velocity. is zero. is constant but not zero.

AS and A Level Physics

Imran Mirza (MSC Physics, PGCC Scotland, UK)

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